[1] Life of Watt, 1839, p. 198.
[2] A compilation recently published gives an account of the means of conveyance had in times past in Great Britain, but does not, except very incidentally, touch upon those on the Continent. See Croal’s Book about Travelling, Past and Present, W. P. Nimmo, Edinburgh.
[3] The following table, taken from Croal’s Book about Travelling, p. 575, shows the extent of the railway system in 1875 on the European Continent:—
| Miles of Railway. | Square Miles of Territory to each Mile of Line. | |
| Belgium, | 2,174 | 5 |
| Switzerland, | 1,300 | 11 |
| German Empire, | 14,472 | 12 |
| France, | 12,376 | 14 |
| Denmark, | 561 | 18 |
| Netherlands, | 1,016 | 20 |
| Austria and Hungary, | 10,154 | 20 |
| Italy, | 4,817 | 23 |
| Spain, | 3,822 | 50 |
| Roumania, | 770 | 59 |
| Portugal, | 596 | 61 |
| Sweden, | 2,237 | 63 |
| Turkey in Europe, | 965 | 138 |
| Russia in Europe, | 11,591 | 157 |
| Norway, | 339 | 387 |
| Greece, | 7 | 2,658 |
[4] The normal value of a sovereign is 25 francs 20 centimes.
[5] It may be interesting to give, as far as I have preserved note of it, the rate of exchange received at different places during part of the period we were away:—
| At | Cannes, | Nov. | 1876, | per £, | 25·75 | |
| ” | Mentone, | Dec. | ” | ” | 25·25 | |
| ” | ” | thereafter, | ” | 25· | ||
| ” | Nice, | February | 1877, | ” | 25·75 | |
| ” | San Remo, | March | ” | ” | 27·20 | |
| ” | Genoa, | ” | ” | ” | 27·10 | |
| ” | Rome, | 23d | ” | ” | ” | 27·03 |
| ” | ” | 19th | April | ” | ” | 27·90 |
| ” | Florence, | 28th | ” | ” | ” | 28·10 |
| ” | ” | 7th | May | ” | ” | 28·15 |
| ” | ” | 12th | ” | ” | ” | 28·10 |
| ” | Venice, | 20th | ” | ” | ” | 28·25 |
| ” | ” | 22d | ” | ” | ” | 28·15 |
| ” | Milan, | 26th | ” | ” | ” | 28· |
| ” | Como, | 11th | June | ” | ” | 27·10 |
| ” | Bellagio, | ” | ” | ” | ” | 27·47 |
| ” | Lucerne, | 25th | ” | ” | ” | 25·15 |
| ” | Interlachen, | 13th | July | ” | ” | 25·10 |
| ” | Paris, | Aug. | ” | ” | 25· | |
| ” | Interlachen, | ” | ” | ” | ” | 25·10 |
| ” | Montreux, | 8th | Sept. | ” | ” | 25·12 |
| ” | Biarritz, | Oct. | ” | ” | 25· | |
| ” | Pau, | 18th | ” | ” | ” | 25·05 |
| ” | ” | 21st | ” | ” | ” | 25·12 |
| ” | Cannes, | Nov. | ” | ” | 25·06 | |
| ” | San Remo, | March | 1878, | ” | 27·03 | |
| ” | ” | April | ” | ” | 27·45 | |
| ” | ” | ” | ” | ” | ” | 27·37 |
[6] Little monthly time bills or leaflets can be got at the Company’s offices in London and Paris, for which see Bradshaw. Some of them also, like Cook’s and Gaze’s Lists, contain through fares to most places on the Continent.
[7] A quarto publication, called Voyages circulaires viâ le Mont Cenis et la Corniche, is issued by ‘Agence de Paris, Rue Auber 1, Maison du Grand Hotel,’ containing circular tours in Italy, starting from Paris, Nice, and Marseilles.
[8] The following may be given as specimens of the menu:—