| KIND OF STAIN. | From Linen. | COLORED FABRICS. | Silk. | |
| Cotton. | Wool. | |||
| Sugar, gelatine, blood, albumen. | Washing simply in water. | |||
| Fat | Soap-water, alkaline lyes. | Tepid soap-water. | Soap-water, spirit sal-ammoniac. | Benzine, ether, spirit of sal-ammoniac, potash, magnesia, chalk, yolk of egg. |
| Varnish and oil-paint. | Oil of turpentine, benzine, and finally soap. | Benzine, ether, soap; careful rubbing. | ||
| Stearine. | Alcohol of 95 per cent. | |||
| Vegetable colors, red wine, fruits, red ink. | Sulphurous vapors, warm chlorine water. | Washing in warm soap-water or liquid ammonia. | As above, rubbing gently and carefully. | |
| Alizarine ink. | Tartaric acid; the older the stain the more concentrated the solution. | Diluted solution of tartaric acid, if the fabric permits. | As above. | |
| Rust and gall-nut ink. | Warm oxalic acid solution, diluted hydrochloric acid, and finally tin filings. | Repeated washing with dissolved citric acid, if the fabric is dyed well. | The same as for cotton, but diluted hydrochloric acid if the wool is naturally coloured. | Nothing can be done; all attempts only increase the evil. |
| Lime and alkaline lyes. | Washing simply in water. | Pouring diluted nitric acid drop by drop upon the stain. The previously moistened is rubbed off with the finger. | ||
| Tannin, green nut shells. | Eau de Javelle, warm chlorine water concentrated solution of tartaric acid. | More or less concentrated chlorine water, according to the nature and tint of the fabric, and alternate washing with water. | ||
| Coal-tar, wagon-grease. | Soap, oil of turpentine, alternating with a jet of water. | Rubbing with lard, then soaping, and after a while washing alternately with oil of turpentine and water. | Same as for colored fabrics; use benzine instead of turp.; jet of water must fall on back of stain. | |
Liebig’s Washing Fluid.
SAVING HALF THE WASH-BOARD LABOR.
| Sal soda1 | pound. |
| Stone lime 1/2 | pound. |
| Water5 | quarts. |
Boil a short time, stirring occasionally; then let it settle and pour off the clear liquid into a bottle or jug and cork for use. Soak your clothes over night in simple water; wring out and soap wrist-bands, collars, and dirty or stained places. Have your boiler filled with water, and when at scalding heat put in a teacupful of the fluid, then put in your clothes and boil for half an hour, after which rub lightly through one suds only, rinsing well in the bluing water, and all is complete.
For each additional boiler of clothes add half a cup of the fluid; of course boiling in the same water through the whole washing. If more water is needed in the boiler for the last clothes dip it from the sudsing tub. Soak your woolen and calico in the suds from which you have washed the white clothes, while hanging them out dipping in some of the boiling water from the boiler, if necessary; then wash out the woolen and calico as usual—of course washing out woolen goods before you do the calico. The fluid brightens instead of fading the colors.—Dr. Chase.
Premium Washing Fluid.—This fluid is equal to the best that can be prepared, and as it is recommended to be used in a simpler manner than the foregoing many will doubtless prefer it:
| Sal soda4 | pounds. |
| Borax2 | ounces. |
| Sal tartar1 | ounce. |
| Aqua ammonia 1/2 | pint. |
| Spirit of camphor2 | ounces. |
| Oil of turpentine1 | ounce. |
| Hot water6 | pints. |
Dissolve the sal soda, borax, and sal tartar in the hot water and add the other ingredients. Soak the clothes over night in water to which has been added a table-spoonful of the fluid for each gallon of water; also add a little in washing water.