An Introduction to Entomology: Vol. 4 / or Elements of the Natural History of the Insects

by William Kirby; William Spence

		Class.		Order.		Family.		Section.		Tribe.
		I. Crustacea.
						Pedipalpi				Scorpionides.
										Tarentulæ.
				Pulmonariæ
								Tetrapneumones.
Hyperhexapi.						Araneides				Tubitelæ.
										Inæquitelæ.
								Dipneumones		Orbitelæ.
										Laterigradæ.
		II. Arachnides.								Citigradæ.
										Saltigradæ.
						Pycnogonides.
						Pseudoscorpiones.
						Phalangita.
				Tracheariæ		Acarides.
						Hydrachnellæ.
						Riciniæ.
						Microphthira.
Condylopa.				Chilognatha		Anguiformia.
		III. Myriapoda.				Penicillata.
						Inæquipedes.
						Æquipedes.
				Thysanoura		Lepismenæ.
						Podurellæ.
		Aptera.
				Parasita		Mandibulata.
						Siphunculata.
				Siphonaptera.
Hexapoda.		IV. Insecta.
				Coleoptera
				Orthoptera		Elytroptera.
				Hemiptera
		Alata		Neuroptera
				Hymenoptera		Anelytra quadripennia.
				Lepidoptera
				Rhiphiptera		——— bipennia.
				Diptera

Having given you these tables of the Orders, from a comparison of which you will be able to trace the improvements in his system made by this learned Entomologist in the interval of eight years, I shall proceed to give those of his subordinate groups arranged under each. This I have already done, to save space, in the Arachnida and Insecta aptera.

Order.		Section.		Family.		Subfamily.		Tribe.		Subtribe.
								Cicindeletæ.
						Terrestres				Truncatipennes.
										Bipartiti.
				Adephagi				Carabici		Thoracici.
										Abdominales.
										Subulipalpi.
						Aquatica		Hydrocanthari.
								Gyrinites.
								Fissilabres.
				Brachyptera				Longipalpi.
								Depressi.
								Microcephali.
						Sternoxi		Buprestides.
								Elaterides.
				Serricornes
								Cebrionites.
								Lampyrides.
						Malacodermi		Melyrides.
								Clerii.
		Pentamera						Xylotragi.
								Ptiniores.
								Histeroida.
								Peltoides.
				Clavicornes				Palpatores.
								Dermestini.
								Byrrhii.
								Macrodactyli.
				Palpicornes				Hydrophilii.
								Sphæridiota.
										Coprophagi.
										Arenicolæ.
Coleoptera								Scarabæides		Xylophili.
										Phyllophagi.
				Lamellicornes						Anthobii.
										Melitophili.
								Lucanides.
								Pimeliariæ.
				Melasoma				Blapsides.
								Tenebrionites.
								Dioperiales.
				Taxicornes				Cossyphenes.
								Crassicornes.
		Heteromera						Helopii.
								Cistelides.
				Stenelytra				Securipalpi.
								Œdemerites.
								Rhyncostoma.
								Lagriariæ.
								Pyrochroides.
				Trachelides				Mordellonæ.
								Anthicides.
								Horiales.
								Cantharidiæ.

Order.		Section.		Family.		Tribe.
						Bruchelæ.
						Anthribides.
				Rhynchophora		Altelabides.
						Brentides.
						Curculionites.
						Scolitarii.
				Xylophagi		Bostrichini.
						Paussili.
						Trogossitarii.
				Platysoma.
						Prionii.
		Tetramera				Cerambycini.
				Longicornes		Necydalides.
						Lamiariæ.
						Lepturetæ.
				Eupoda		Sagrides.
						Criocerides.
Coleoptera
						Cassidariæ.
				Cyclica		Chrysomelinæ.
						Galerucidæ.
				Clavipalpi.
		Trimera		Aphidiphagi.
				Fungicolæ.
				Pselaphii.
		Monomera.
				Forficularia.
		I.		Blattariæ.
				Mantides.
				Spectra.
Orthoptera
		II.		Gryllides.
				Locustariæ.
		III.		Acridites.
						Longilabra.
						Membranaceæ.
				Geocorisæ		Nudicolles.
						Oculatæ.
		Heteroptera				Ploteres.
				Hydrocorisæ		Nepides.
						Notonectides.
Hemiptera
						Stridulantes.
				Cicadariæ		Fulgorellæ.
						Membracides.
						Cicadellæ.
		Homoptera
						Psyllides.
				Hymenelytra		Physapi.
						Aphidii.
				Gallinsecta.

Order.		Section.		Family.		Tribe.		Subtribe.
		Subulicornes		Libellulina.
				Ephemerina.
						Panorpatæ.
Neuroptera						Myrmeleonides.
						Hemerobini.
				Planipennes		Psoquillæ.
						Termitinæ.
		Filicornes				Raphidinæ.
						Semblides.
						Perlides.
				Plicipennes.
				Securifera		Tenthredinetæ.
						Urocerata.
		Terebrantia
						Evaniales.
						Ichneumonides.
				Pupivora		Gallicolæ.
						Chalcidites.
						Chrysides.
						Oxyuri.
Hymenoptera				Heterogyna		Formicariæ.
						Mutillariæ.
						Scolietæ.
						Sapygites.
						Pompilii.
				Fossores		Sphegides.
						Bembecides.
		Aculeata				Larratæ.
						Nyssonii.
						Crabronites.
				Diploptera		Vespariæ.
						Masarides.
						Andrenetæ.
				Mellifica				Solitariæ.
								Andrenoides.
						Apiariæ		Dasygastræ.
								Cuculinæ.
								Scobulipedes.
								Sociales.
								Hexapoda.
						Papilionides		Perlata.
				Diurna				Argus.
						Hesperides.
						Hesper-sphinges.
				Crepuscularia		Sphingides.
Lepidoptera						Zygænides.
						Bombycites.
						Pseudo-Bombyces.
						Tineites.
				Nocturna		Noctuælites.
						Tortrices.
						Phalænites.
						Crambites.
						Pterophorites.

Order.		Section.		Family.		Tribe.		Subtribe.
						Culicides.
				Nemocera				Culiciformes.
								Gallicolæ.
						Tipulariæ		Terricolæ.
								Fungivoræ.
								Florales.
						Tabanii.
						Sicarii.
						Mydasi.
						Leptides.
						Dolichopoda.
				Tanystoma		Asilici.
		I.				Hybotina.
						Empides.
						Anthracii.
						Bombyliarii.
						Vesiculosa.
				Notacantha		Xylophagei.
						Stratyomides.
Diptera						Syrphiæ.
						Conopsariæ.
						Œstrides.
				Athericera				Cryptogastræ.
								Creophilæ.
								Carpomyzæ.
						Muscides		Dolichoceræ.
								Gonocephalæ.
								Scathophilæ.
								Apteræ.
		II.		Pupiparæ		Coriaceæ.
						Phthiromyiæ[1432].

If you examine the Orders as here given, you will find that they mostly represent natural primary groups of his Classes, though with regard to their distribution you may perhaps feel disposed to differ from him. You will also think that his secondary and minor groups[1433], with the exception of some of his sections, merit the same character. Indeed, he has left far behind all his predecessors in the progress that he has made towards extricating the true system. Setting out from a common centre he holds on his unwearied course, endeavouring to trace every set of objects that branches from it to its extreme term. But though he studied insects analytically with unrivalled success, he was not always equally happy in his synthetical arrangement of them. I do not here so much speak of the result which must necessarily follow from any arrangement in a series, and which cannot well be avoided; but I allude particularly to his intire adoption of the Geoffroyan system in the Coleoptera, which has prevented him in many instances from seeing the natural distribution of his groups.