Lord is said to be a worn-down form of the Old English hlāf-weard (loaf keeper), written loverd, lhauerd, or lauerd in Middle English. Lady is from hlœ̄̄fdige (hlœ̄̄f meaning loaf, and dige being of uncertain origin and meaning).
Witch is the Old English wicce, but wizard is from the Old French guiscart (prudent), not immediately connected with witch, though both are ultimately from the same root.
Sir is worn down from the Old French sire (Latin senior). Madam is the French ma dame, from Latin mea domina.
Two masculines from feminines.
33. Besides gander and drake, there are two other masculine words that were formed from the feminine:—
Bridegroom, from Old English brȳd-guma (bride's man). The r in groom has crept in from confusion with the word groom.
Widower, from the weakening of the ending -a in Old English to -e in Middle English. The older forms, widuwa—widuwe, became identical, and a new masculine ending was therefore added to distinguish the masculine from the feminine (compare Middle English widuer—widewe).
Personification.
34. Just as abstract ideas are personified (Sec. 16), material objects may be spoken of like gender nouns; for example,—
"Now, where the swift Rhone cleaves his way."
—Byron.