There are some adverbs, such as perhaps, truly, really, undoubtedly, besides, etc., and some conjunctions, such as however, then, moreover, therefore, nevertheless, etc., that have an office in the sentence, and should not be confused with the words spoken of above. The words well, now, why, and so on, are independent when they merely arrest the attention without being necessary.
356. In their use, prepositional phrases may be,
(1) Adjectival, modifying a noun, pronoun, or word used as a noun: for example, "He took the road to King Richard's pavilion;" "I bring reports on that subject from Ascalon."
(2) Adverbial, limiting in the same way an adverb limits: as, "All nature around him slept in calm moonshine or in deep shadow;" "Far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife."
(3) Independent, not dependent on any word in the sentence (for examples, see Sec. 355, 4).
PARTICIPLES AND PARTICIPIAL PHRASES.
357. It will be helpful to sum up here the results of our study of participles and participial phrases, and to set down all the uses which are of importance in analysis:—
(1) The adjectival use, already noticed, as follows:—
- (a) As a complement of a transitive verb, and at the same time a modifier of the object (for an example, see Sec. 350, 4).
- (b) As a modifier of subject, object, or complement (see Sec. 351, 6).