[92] Cp. Principal L. P. Jacks on the Japanese in his Alchemy of Thought.
[93] W. L. George, English Review, May, 1915, “The Price of Nationality.” “Anger, indeed, is the soul of what is called the national will. To call it a will is perhaps too much, it is an instinct and mainly an instinct to hate.... Love of country is mainly hatred of other countries.”
[94] Cf. Gilbert Murray, Collection of Addresses on The War given at Bedford College, 1915.
[95] Incidentally he holds up my Social Psychology as a dreadful example of such an attempt and a woeful evidence of the parlous state of present-day culture in England. Such dislike of any attempt to understand that which we hold sacred is intelligible enough in the vulgar, for whom all analysis is destructive of the values they unreasoningly cherish. But it may be hoped that men of letters who set out to defend patriotism will learn to rise above this attitude, just as the more enlightened leaders of religion are learning to welcome psychological inquiry in their domain.
[96] In these respects the Church alone can enter into serious rivalry as an object of loyalty.
[97] As Dean Inge has remarked—“If they love not those whom they have seen, how shall they love those whom they have not seen?”
[98] Cp. Fielding Hall, The Soul of a People.
[99] This, as President Lowell clearly shows in his Public Opinion and Popular Government, is carried to an extreme in America and lies at the root of many administrative evils.
[100] President Lowell (op. cit.) has clearly shown other benefits resulting from the party system; he shows especially how the party is needed to prepare a program and select candidates, if the popular vote is to give expression to the dominant opinion of the people.
[101] Cp. his Civilisation and Progress.