Footnote 16: References: Sorel, A.: Le traité de Paris du 20 novembre, 1815. I. Les cent jours. Lacretelle: Histoire de France depuis la restauration. Nettement: Histoire de la littérature française sous la restauration. Constant: Mémoires sur les cent jours en forme de lettres. Lucien Bonaparte: La vérité sur les cent jours.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 17: See Welschinger: Le roi de Rome, ch. vii.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 18: References: for this and the following chapters see d'Angeberg: Le congrès de Vienne et les traités de 1815, précédé et suivi des actes diplomatiques qui s'y rattachent, avec introduction historique par Capefigue; Castlereagh's Correspondence; Capefigue: Le congrès de Vienne dans ses rapports avec la circonstance actuelle de l'Europe; Davout: Correspondance, Vol. IV.; de Pradt: Du congrès de Vienne; Flassan: Histoire du congrès de Vienne; Hardenberg's Memoirs; Humboldt's Memoirs; Villemain: Souvenirs contemporains d'histoire et de littérature; Gérard: Quelques documents sur la bataille de Waterloo; Gourgaud: La campagne de 1815; Grouchy: Observations sur la relation de la campagne de 1815, publ. par le Gén. Gourgaud, et réfutation de quelques-unes des assertions et écrits relatifs à la bataille de Waterloo.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 19: The most important works dealing with the military side of the Waterloo campaign are those of Müffling, Berton, Gourgaud, Clausewitz, Siborne, Charras, Chesney, Hooper, Maurice, Mercer, Morris, Jomini, Ollech, Vaudoncourt, Ropes, and Houssaye. Further, there are controversial discussions of importance by Grouchy, Gérard, Heymès, Knoop, Loben-Sels, and Bornstedt. The most complete bibliography is, as usual, that of Kircheisen.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 20: For the text of the order to d'Erlon and a full discussion of the whole subject, see Houssaye, 1815, p. 201.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 21: Long regarded as a more or less haphazard decision, it has been established at last that the officers of the Prussian general staff were able by the light of a horn lantern so to exhibit their maps, explain their study of the ground, and develop the necessary strategy as to determine with considerable accuracy where they were and what the scientific move should be. When this was duly set forth in the history of the general staff, the exultation of the Emperor William II was expressed in his public speeches, and the Germans of the empire were convinced that by this decision the result of the Waterloo campaign was determined.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 22: Ropes: The Campaign of Waterloo, p. 191.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 23: References for this and the following two chapters: Houssaye: 1815, Waterloo; Ussher: Napoleon's last voyage; Ropes: Waterloo; Bustelli: L'Enigma di Ligny e di Waterloo; York: Napoleon als Feldherr; Gardner: Quatre Bras, Ligny, Waterloo; Gourgaud: La Campagne de 1815; Siborne: History of the War in France and Belgium, 1815; Cotton, A Voice from Waterloo; Loben-Sels: Précis de la campagne 1815 dans les Pays-Bas.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 24: Further references for this and the following chapter: Batty: Historical Sketch; Baudus: Études sur Napoléon; Bullock: Diary; Cotton: Voice from Waterloo; Damitz: Campagne de 1815; A. S. Fraser: Letters; W. Fraser: Words, etc.; Gomm: Letters and Journals; Kennedy: Notes on Waterloo; Vaulabelle: Campagne de Waterloo; Gurwood: Wellington's Despatches; likewise the lives and memoirs of Davout, Drouot, Gneisenau, Wellington, Hill, Grouchy (par Pascallet), and Vandamme; Waterloo Letters, edited by Siborne; Waterloo Roll-call, compiled by Dalton.[Back to Main Text]
Footnote 25: Houssaye says eighty (1815, p. 338). See also Ropes, p. 305.[Back to Main Text]