Upon a calculation being made, however, of the time which would elapse ere the Duke would be able to collect the requisite force for undertaking this operation, and of the possibility of Blücher being defeated before it could be carried into effect, it was considered preferable that Wellington should, if practicable, move to the support of the Prussian Right by the Namur road. But a direct support of this kind was necessarily contingent on circumstances, and subject to the Duke's discretion. The latter having expressed his confident expectation of being enabled to afford the desired support, as also of his succeeding in concentrating, very shortly, a sufficient force to assume the offensive, rode back to Quatre Bras.
It was nearly eleven o'clock when General Flahaut, an Aide de Camp of the Emperor, after passing through Gosselies, arrived at Frasne, with the following letter from the latter to the Marshal:
| "Au Maréchal Ney.
| "To Marshal Ney.
|
|
"Mon Cousin—Je vous envoie;
mon Aide de Camp, le Général
Flahaut, qui vous porte la présente
lettre. Le Major Général a dû vous
donner des Ordres; mais vous
recevrez les miens plus tôt, parceque
mes Officiers vont plus vite
que les siens. Vous recevrez
l'Ordre du Mouvement du Jour;
mais je veux vous en écrire en
détail, parceque c'est de la plus
haute importance.
|
My Cousin—I send you my
Aide de Camp, General Flahaut;
who brings you the present letter
The Major General [Soult] will
give you the Orders; but you will
receive mine sooner, because my
Officers go quicker than his. You
will receive the Order of Movement
of the Day: but I wish to write to
you respecting it in detail, because
it is of the highest importance.
|
|
"Je porte le Maréchal Grouchy avec les 3e et 4e Corps d'infanterie
sur Sombref. Je porte ma Garde à Fleurus, et j'y serai de ma personne
avant midi. J'y attaquerai l'Ennemi si je le rencontre, et
j'éclairerai la route jusqu'à Gembloux. La d'après ce qui ce
passera, je prendrai mon parti peutêtre à trois heures après midi,
peutêtre ce soir. Mon intention est que, immédiatement après que
j'aurai pris mon parti, vous soyez prêt à marcher sur Bruxelles, je
vous appuierai avec la Garde qui sera à Fleurus ou à Sombref, et
je désirerais arriver à Bruxelles demain matin. Vous vous mettriez
en marche ce soir même si je prends mon parti d'assez bonne
heure pour que vous puissiez en être informé de jour et faire ce
soir trois ou quatre lieues et être demain à sept heures du matin à
Bruxelles.
|
"I direct Marshal Grouchy with the Third and Fourth Corps of
Infantry on Sombref. I direct my Guard to Fleurus, and I shall
be there personally before noon. I shall attack the Enemy there
if I meet with him, and I shall clear the road as far as Gembloux.
There, according to what will happen, I shall make my decision;
perhaps at three o'clock in the afternoon, perhaps this evening.
My intention is that, immediately after I shall have made my decision,
you may be ready to march on Brussels. I will support you with
the Guard which will be at Fleurus or at Sombref; and I would desire
to arrive at Brussels to morrow morning. You would march this
evening even if I make my decision at a sufficiently early hour that
you may be informed of it in daylight, and traverse this evening
three or four leagues, and be at Brussels to morrow at seven o'clock
in the morning.
|
|
"Vous pouvez donc disposer vos troupes de la manière suivante:—
Première Division à deux lieues en avant des Quatre Chemins s'il
n'y a pas d'inconvénient. Six Divisions d'infanterie autour des
Quatre Chemins, et une Division à Marbais, afin que je puisse
l'attirer à moi à Sombref, si j'en vais besoin. Elle ne retarderait
d'ailleurs pas votre marche. Le Corps du Comte de Valmy, qui a
3,000 Cuirassiers d'Élite, à l'intersection du chemin des Romains et
de celui de Bruxelles, afin que je puisse l'attirer à moi, si j'en avais
besoin; aussitot que mon parti sera pris, vous lui enverrez l'Ordre
de venir vous rejoindre. Je désirerais avoir avec moi la Division
de la Garde que commande le Général Lefèbvre-Desnouettes,
et je vous envoie les deux Divisions du Corps du Comte de Valmy
pour la remplacer. Mais dans mon projet actuel, je préfère placer le
Comte de Valmy de manière à le
rappeler si j'en avais besoin, et ne point faire de fausses marches au
Général Lefèbvre-Desnouettes; puisqu'il est probable que je me
déciderai ce soir à marcher sur Bruxelles avec la Garde. Cependant,
couvrez la Division Lefèbvre par les deux Divisions de Cavalrie
d'Erlon et de Reille, afin de
ménager la Garde; et que, s'il y avait quelque échauffourée avec
les Anglais, il est préférable que ce soit sur la Ligne que sur la Garde.
|
"You may then dispose your troops in the following manner:—
First Division at two leagues in front of Quatre Bras, if in doing
so there is no inconvenience. Six Divisions of Infantry about Quatre
Bras; and one Division at Marbais, so that I may draw it to myself at
Sombref, if I should have need of it. It would not otherwise retard
your march. The Corps of the Count de Valmy, which has 3,000
Cuirassiers d'Élite, at the intersection of the Roman road with
that of Brussels, in order that I may draw it to myself if I should
have need of it: as soon as my decision is made, you will send
him the Order to rejoin you. I would desire to have with me the
Division of the Guard commanded by General Lefèbvre Desnouettes,
and I send you the two Divisions of the Corps of the Count de
Valmy to replace it. But in my present design, I prefer to place
the Count de Valmy in such a manner as to be able to recall him
if I should have need of him; and not to make false marches for
General Lefèbvre Desnouettes: since it is probable that I shall
decide this evening to march on Brussels with the Guard. However,
cover Lefèbvre's Division with the two Cavalry Divisions of
d'Erlon and Reille, in order to
spare the Guard; and that, if there shall be any affray there with the
English, it may be with the Line rather than with the Guard.
|
|
"J'ai adopté comme principe général pendant cette Campagne,
de diviser mon Armée en deux Ailes et une Réserve. Votre Aile
sera composée des quatre Divisions du 2e Corps, de deux Divisions
de Cavalerie Légère, et de deux Divisions du Corps de Valmy.
Cela ne doit pas être loin de 45 à 50 mille hommes.
|
I have adopted as a general principle during this Campaign
to divide my Army into two Wings and a Reserve. Your Wing
will be composed of the four Divisions of the Second Corps,
the two Light Cavalry Divisions, and the two Divisions of the Corps
de Valmy. That ought not to be
far from 45,000 to 50,000 men.
|
|
"Le Maréchal Grouchy aura à peu près la même force, et commandera
l'Aile Droite. La Garde formera la Réserve, et je me porterai
sur l'une ou l'autre Aile, selon les circonstances. Le Major
Général donné les Ordres les plus précis pour qu'il n'y ait aucune
difficulté sur l'obéissance à vos Ordres lorsque vous serez détaché;
les Commandants de Corps devant prendre mes Ordres directement
quand je me trouve présent. Selon les circonstances, j'affaiblirai l'une
ou l'autre Aile en augmentant ma Réserve.
|
"Marshal Grouchy will have nearly the same force, and will
command the Right Wing. The Guard will form the Reserve, and I shall repair to one or other
Wing according to circumstances. The Major General is giving the
most precise Orders that there may be no difficulty as regards obedience to your Orders when
you will be detached; the Commanders of Corps must take my Orders directly from me, when
I am present. According to circumstances, I shall weaken the one, or the other, Wing in
augmenting my Reserve.
|
|
"Vous sentez assez l'importance attachée à la prise de Bruxelles.
Cela pourra d'ailleurs donner lieu à des accidents, car un mouvement
aussi prompt et aussi brusque isolera l'Armée Anglaise de Mons,
Ostende, etc. Je désire que vos dispositions soient bien faites pour
qu'au premier Ordre, vos huit Divisions puissent marcher rapidement,
et sans obstacle sur Bruxelles."N."
|
"You will sufficiently perceive the importance attached to the
capture of Brussels. That will otherwise give occasion to incidents:
for a movement equally prompt and abrupt will isolate the English
Army from Mons, Ostend, &c. I would desire that your dispositions
may be well made that, at the first Order, your eight Divisions
may march rapidly and without obstacle upon Brussels."N."
|
| "Charleroi, le 16 Juin, 1815."
| "Charleroi, 16th June 1815."
|
This letter, which was intended to convey to Ney a general notion of Napoleon's intentions, prescribed to him, at the same time, as a principle, that he was to consider his movements subordinate to those of the Emperor. The latter intimated his purpose of attacking the Enemy at Fleurus, should he find him there, and of pushing on as far as Gembloux, where he would decide upon his plan of further operation, "perhaps at three o'clock in the afternoon, perhaps in the evening;" immediately after which Ney was to be ready to march upon Brussels, supported by Napoleon with the Guards, it being the Emperor's desire to reach that capital in the morning.
The idea of advancing upon Gembloux, and of capturing Brussels by a coup de main, which could only be effected by a vigorous repulse and signal defeat of the Corps of Zieten, and by a successful turning and partial dispersion of those of Pirch and Thielemann, as also by the rapid march of a closely collected force under Ney, proves that Napoleon had either been insufficiently informed as to the general dispositions of his opponents, or had greatly miscalculated the degree of energy and promptitude required in his movements for the execution of such a design.
Very shortly afterwards, Ney received the official Order of Movement to which Napoleon adverted in his letter as having been sent by Soult. It instructed him to put the Second and First Corps d'Armée, as also the Third Corps of Cavalry which had been placed at his disposal, in movement upon Quatre Bras; to take up a position at that point; thence to push forward reconnaissances as far as possible on the roads to Brussels and Nivelles, d'où probablement l'Ennemi s'est retiré; to establish, should he meet with no impediment, a Division with some Cavalry at Genappe; and to detach another Division towards Marbais, in order to cover the interval between Sombref and Quatre Bras. He was also to desire the General Officers commanding the two Corps d'Armée to assemble their troops, collect the stragglers, and order up all the waggons belonging to the Artillery and to the Hospitals that might still be in the rear.
In pursuance of these instructions, Ney despatched Orders of Movement to Counts Reille and d'Erlon.