.—A horse is so termed, when the RUMP-BONE rises so high behind, in conformity with the WITHERS before, that a hollow (or rather a complete curve) is formed in the middle, as a natural receptacle for the Saddle. Horses of this description are mostly, in action, easy and pleasant to the rider; but they are invariably weaker in the loins than those of an opposite description.
SADDLE-GALLED
.—This is an injury frequently sustained by horses either in the FIELD with HOUNDS, or in JOURNIES upon the ROAD; and can only happen by the inattention, neglect, or penury, of the OWNER, in not affording occasional precaution and inspection to the state of the pad, as well as to the first and safe FITTING of the SADDLE. It cannot but be known to the most superficial observer, that the padding of every saddle becomes progressively harder, in proportion to the perspirative matter it absorbs; and, in direct proportion with the hardness it acquires, the greater is the chance of its being injurious to the parts with which it comes into constant contact, and with a burning heat, produced by a long and repeated friction. Injuries of this kind, although originating in the same cause, vary a little in their effects: with one but slightly affected, a WARBLE may be produced; this happens on the side, and if attended to upon its first appearance, is easily obliterated by applications of vinegar, or other mild repellents; but unattended to, and a frequent repetition of the cause being permitted to take place, they soon become SITFASTS, and can only be got rid of by instrumental extirpation. Where any part of the saddle-tree (in the centrical cleft between the saddle-pads) is inconsiderately suffered to come into contact with the wither, or vertebræ of the back, and so continues in friction and pressure, during a CHASE or JOURNEY, certain mischief inevitably ensues: in the first a swelling, formation of matter, and FISTULA, may be the consequence; in the latter, an excoriation, followed by a tedious wound, or ulcer, may take place. Circumstances which so constantly occur (and that so often, from an unthinking stupidity in those who ultimately suffer by trouble and vexation in the event) are only brought to recollection, for the interested inculcation of those, who, inexperienced at present, will be taught, by time and prudence, that PREVENTION is at all seasons preferable to CURE, as it will be the means of shielding the body from trouble, and the mind from repentance.
SALLENDERS
—are at the bend of the hock (or hough) behind, exactly what the MALLENDERS are at the back of the knee; for which the modes of treatment and means of cure are precisely the same. See Mallenders.
SALTRAM
,—the name of a horse who acquired considerable celebrity by his performances upon the TURF, since which he has stood as a STALLION in a proportional degree of estimation. He was foaled in 1780; got by Eclipse, dam (Virago) by Snap grand-dam by Regulus, out of a sister to Black and all Black. He was sire of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales's St. David, the Duke of York's Laurustina, and the Duke of Bedford's Sprightly, Lord Grosvenor's Brown Filly (out of Sting,) who won five prizes in 1790, at two years old, amounting to 1100 guineas; Caroline, and Tiffany; Queen of Sheba, (who won 900 guineas, at Newmarket, in 1792;) Rose, Spankaway, Sweeper, and the Prince of Wales's Whiskey, who won in the same year 1000 guineas, 2000 guineas, the 1400 guineas, 100 guineas, and 100 guineas, at Newmarket, and 50l. at Bedford; Royalist, General, Henrietta, Clytus, Coal Merchant, Tear-Coat, Peeping Tom, Septem, Coiner, Whip, and Oscar; exclusive of many Colts and Fillies, who were winners at Newmarket, and elsewhere, but never were named.
SANDCRACK
—is a crack or cleft in the HOOF of a HORSE, which originates in a preternatural brittleness, brought on by standing too constantly upon hot dry litter, without stopping to the bottom, or a proper and occasional oiling of the hoof, to keep it in a healthy state. It generally runs in a straight line downwards; and when it extends from the junction of hair and hoof to the bottom, with the bloody lymph oozing from the membranous mass at the top, it then becomes a serious concern, affording no expectation of speedy consolation. There is, in fact, but one direct mode of cure, which is to reduce the projecting and ragged edges to a level, with the finest side of the rasp. Then with the fine edge of a small firing-iron, of moderate heat, run two lines parallel to each other on each side the crack longitudinally; this done, draw two in the same manner transversely above, and the same below the centrical part of the cleft, by which it will be enclosed in a small square of double lines, calculated to restore the union which has been destroyed. A little compound tincture of myrrh, or friar's balsam, should be poured into the crack so soon as it is observed, particularly if blood should be perceived to transude from the opening. In slight cases, horses may be continued in moderate use; but where they bear the complexion previously described, turning out to grass in a pasture moist, but not wet, and that for a length of time, is the only foundation upon which the expectation of permanent cure can be entertained.