CONTENTS
- page
- Preface [iii]
- chapter
- —Introductory [3]
- —The Earliest Flying Men [14]
- —The Services of Santos-Dumont [39]
- —The Count von Zeppelin [59]
- —The Development of the Airplane [82]
- —The Training of the Aviator [103]
- —Some Methods of the War in the Air [123]
- —Incidents of the War in the Air [159]
- —The United States at War [182]
- —Some Features of Aërial Warfare [207]
- —Beginnings of Submarine Invention [235]
- —The Coming of Steam and Electricity [256]
- —John P. Holland and Simon Lake [271]
- —The Modern Submarine [294]
- —Aboard a Submarine [318]
- —Submarine Warfare [333]
- —The Future of the Submarine [362]
- Index [383]
ILLUSTRATIONS
- page
- Fighting by Sea and Sky
[Frontispiece]
Painting by John E. Whiting - Dropping a Depth Bomb
[4]
Painting by Lieut. Farré - A Battle in Mid-air
[8]
Painting by Lieut. Farré - Victory in the Clouds
[12]
Painting by John E. Whiting - The Fall of the Boche
[16]
Painting by Lieut. Farré - Lana's Vacuum Balloon [18]
- Montgolfier's Experimental Balloon [21]
- A Rescue at Sea
[24]
Painting by Lieut. Farré - Montgolfier's Passenger Balloon [27]
- Charles's Balloon [31]
- A French Observation Balloon on Fire [32]
- Roberts Brothers' Dirigible [34]
- Giffard's Dirigible [37]
- A British Kite Balloon [40]
- British "Blimp"
[40]
Photographed from Above. - A Kite Balloon Rising from the Hold of a Ship [48]
- The Giant and the Pigmies
[60]
Painting by John E. Whiting - A French "Sausage"
[64]
Photo by Press Illustrating Co. - A British "Blimp" [64]
- The Death of a Zeppelin
[72]
Photo by Paul Thompson - A German Dirigible, Hansa Type [76]
- A Wrecked Zeppelin at Salonika
[76]
Photo by Press Illustrating Co. - British Aviators about to Ascend [80]
- Langley's Airplane [84]
- A French Airdrome near the Front [84]
- Lilienthal's Glider [86]
- A German War Zeppelin [88]
- French Observation Balloon Seeking Submarines
[88]
Photo by Press Illustrating Co. - Chanute's Glider [90]
- A German Taube Pursued by British Planes [92]
- The First Wright Glider [93]
- Pilcher's Glider [94]
- Comparative Strength of Belligerents in Airplanes at the Opening of the War [96]
- Comparative Strength of Belligerents in Dirigibles at the Opening of the War [96]
- The Wright Glider [98]
- At a French Airplane Base
[100]
International Film Service - Stringfellow's Airplane [101]
- The "America"—Built to Cross the Atlantic [104]
- A Wright Airplane in Flight [104]
- First Americans to Fly in France
[108]
The Lafayette Escadrille - Distinguishing Marks of American Planes [116]
- What an Aviator must Watch [116]
- A Caproni Triplane [124]
- A Caproni Triplane Showing Propellers and Fuselage [124]
- The Terror that Flieth by Night
[128]
Painting by Wm. J. Wilson - A Curtis Seaplane Leaving a Battleship
[132]
Photo by Press Illustrating Co. - Launching a Hydroaëroplane [132]
- At a United States Training Camp [138]
- A "Blimp" with Gun Mounted on Top [138]
- Aviators Descending in Parachutes from a Balloon Struck by Incendiary Shells [140]
- The Balloon from which the Aviators Fled [140]
- German Air Raiders over England [144]
- One Aviator's Narrow Escape [148]
- Downed in the Enemy's Country [156]
- Later Type of French Scout
[160]
Photo by Kadel & Herbert - Position of Gunner in Early French Machine [160]
- A French Scout Airplane
[168]
Photo by Press Illustrating Co. - "Showing Off." A Nieuport Performing Aërial Acrobatics around a Heavier Bombing Machine [168]
- An Air Raid on a Troop Train
[174]
Painting by John E. Whiting - A Burning Balloon, Photographed from a
Parachute by the Escaping Balloonist
[176]
- A Caproni Biplane Circling the Woolworth Building [184]
- Cruising at 2000 Feet. One Biplane Photographed from Another [184]
- An Air Battle in Progress [192]
- A Curtis Hydroaroplane [192]
- The U. S. Aviation School at Mineola [208]
- Miss Ruth Law at Close of her Chicago to New York Flight [216]
- A French Aviator between Flights [216]
- A German "Gotha"—Their Favorite Type [224]
- A French Monoplane [232]
- A German Scout Brought to Earth in France [232]
- A Gas Attack Photographed from an Airplane [240]
- A French Nieuport Dropping a Bomb [244]
- A Bomb-Dropping Taube [248]
- A Captured German Fokker Exhibited at the Invalides [252]
- A British Seaplane with Folding Wings [252]
- British Anti-Aircraft Guns [256]
- An Anti-Aircraft Outpost [264]
- A Coast Defense Anti-Aircraft Gun [264]
- The Submarine's Perfect Work
[270]
Painting by John E. Whiting - Types of American Aircraft [272]
- For Anti-Aircraft Service [288]
- The Latest French Aircraft Guns [288]
- Modern German Airplane Types [296]
- A German Submarine Mine-Layer Captured by the British [304]
- The Exterior of First German Submarine [312]
- The Interior of First German Submarine, Showing Appliances for Man-Power [312]
- A Torpedo Designed by Fulton [320]
- The Method of Attack by Nautilus [320]
- The Capture of a U-Boat
[324]
Painting by John E. Whiting - A British Submarine [336]
- Sectional View of the Nautilus [336]
- U. S. Submarine H-3 aground on California Coast [344]
- Salvaging H-3. Views I, II, and III [348]
- U. S. Submarine D-1 off Weehawken [352]
- A Submarine Built for Spain in the Cape Cod Canal [356]
- A Critical Moment
[360]
Painting by John E. Whiting - A Submarine Built for Chili Passing through Cape Cod Canal [364]
- A Submarine Entrapped by Nets [368]
- Diagram of a German Submarine Mine-Layer Captured by British [372]
- A Submarine Discharging a Torpedo [374]
- A German Submarine in Three Positions [376]
- Sectional View of a British Submarine [380]
THE CONQUEST OF THE AIR
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTORY
It was at Mons in the third week of the Great War. The grey-green German hordes had overwhelmed the greater part of Belgium and were sweeping down into France whose people and military establishment were all unprepared for attack from that quarter. For days the little British army of perhaps 100,000 men, that forlorn hope which the Germans scornfully called "contemptible," but which man for man probably numbered more veteran fighters than any similar unit on either side, had been stoutly holding back the enemy's right wing and fighting for the delay that alone could save Paris. At Mons they had halted, hoping that here was the spot to administer to von Kluck, beating upon their front, the final check. The hope was futile. Looking back upon the day with knowledge of what General French's army faced—a knowledge largely denied to him—it seems that the British escape from annihilation was miraculous. And indeed it was due to a modern miracle—the conquest of the air by man in the development of the airplane.
General French was outnumbered and in danger of being flanked on his left flank. His right he thought safe, for it was in contact with the French line which extended eastward along the bank of the Somme to where the dark fortress of Namur frowned on the steeps formed by the junction of that river with the Meuse. At that point the French line bent to the south following the course of the latter river.