[62] Hippolyte Carnot, born in 1801, had accompanied his father into exile. After the elder Carnot’s death, Hippolyte returned to France. There he became one of the leaders of the Saint-Simonian group of philosophers, see post, 86-90. During the Revolution of 1848 Carnot was Minister of Education. Like Littré, disillusioned by the reactionary movement which followed the July insurrection, he resigned. After the coup d’état of December 1851, he went into voluntary exile. During his absence he was elected member of the Corps Legislatif. But although he returned to France, he refused to take the oath to the Empire, thus forfeiting his seat. Since then he too had lived in retirement.
[63] Le Disciple, Preface.
[64] Mémoires de la Comtesse Diane, 146-7.
[65] Journal des Goncourt, VI. 184.
[66] Souvenirs, II. 155.
[67] Ibid., 147.
[68] Souvenirs, II. 214.
[69] Souvenirs, II. 166.
[70] Souvenirs, II. 85.
[71] Garibaldi: Sa vie d’après Documents Inédits, avec un portrait, Paris, 1859.