, the exact value given for a vertical wall. By comparing the thrusts,

, for Cases 1 and 6, the economy of using the latter type of wall is so apparent that it is astonishing that constructors do not adopt it oftener.

Fig. 26.

The general conclusion to be drawn from [Table 6] is that, except for Cases 2 and 3, the general graphical method of [Fig. 25] must be used for accuracy. If applicable to the case in hand, the cohesion along the vertical planes,

, etc., can be included with very little additional labor. The graphical treatment given is so general and the theory involved is so apparent to the eye, that it seems to commend itself as a practical treatment of a very complicated problem.

The general method illustrated in [Fig. 25] can also be applied to the surcharged wall of [Fig. 26]. Here, the lines,