Offices, political and non-political, [290], [291].

Orators, character of the ruling, of our race, [208] et seq.; natural leaders of a self-governing people, [209]; Froude on political, [215]; political, without authority or responsibility in U. S., [319] et seq.; political weight of, in England, [321-324].

Otis, James, [209].

Parties, vagueness of responsibility of, for legislation in U. S., [96-101]; both, represented on Standing Committees, [99]; in U. S., absence of responsible organization in, [187]; in U. S., headless, conglomerate character of, [324]; in Congress, discipline of, [326], [327]; in Congress, kept together by caucus, [330].

Parton, on purposes of a national parliament, [250], [251].

Party, govt. by, practical necessity for, [97] et seq.; organization, outside Congress, [98]; inside Congress, [99]; choice of Speaker by, [107]; govt. by, perfected in British system, [117] et seq.; diversity between Executive and Congress, [267]; conditions of govt. by, [267], [268]; relations of President and Cabinet, [269]; insignificance of Cabinet, [270]; leaders in England, weight and position of, [322].

Peel, Sir Robt., [209]; on questions asked Prime Minister in the Commons, [300].

Pension Act, in 48th Congress, [79-81].

"Permanent appropriations," [152], [153].

Pitt, Wm., [209]; elected to rule Commons, [249].