General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 1 (of 3)

by Xavier Bichat

ORDER SECOND.—Functions of organic life.

Genus I. Digestion.
1st. Of hunger and thirst.
2d. Of aliments.
3d. Of taking of aliments	solid.
	fluid.
4th. Of mastication, of lubricating with saliva and deglutition.
5th. Alteration of the alimentary mass.	in the œsophagus.	Action of the liquor of the œsophagus.
	in the stomach.	Action of the gastric liquor.
	in the small intestines	Action of the bile.
		Action of the pancreatic liquor.
		Action of the intestinal liquor.
6th. Separation of the substances thatare nutritive from those that are not.
7th. Absorption of the nutritive substance;course of the chyle in		the lacteals.
		the mesenteric glands,
		the thoracic duct.
		the blood vessels.
8th. Excretion of the non-nutritive substance		Of the peristaltic motion.
		Of the fecal matter.
		Of the intestinal gas.
9th. Of vomiting, as it has its seat in		the pharynx and œsophagus.
		the stomach.
		the small intestines.
		the large intestines.
		—Sympathetic vomiting.

Genus II. Respiration.
1st. Of the air.
2d. Mechanical phenomena	Inspiration.
	Expiration.
3d. Chemical Phenomena relative	to the air.
	to the blood.
4th. Connexion of respiration with life.	Of asphyxia, &c.

Genus III. Circulation.
1st. general	Circulation of red blood.
	Circulation of black blood.
	Action of the heart.
	Action of the arteries.
	Action of the veins.
	Connexion of the circulation with life. Of syncope, &c.
2d. abdominal.
3d. capillary	general	phenomena of the motion of the blood.
		change of red to black.
	pulmonary	its relation with the general.
		change of black to red blood.

Genus IV. Exhalations.
1st. in general	of their agents.
	of their phenomena.
	of their alterations.
	—Sympathetic exhalations.
2d. in particular. Exhalations	serous.
	cellular	of fat.
		of serum.
	synovial	in the grooves of the tendons.
		in the articulations.
	medullary	in the middle of the long bones.
		in the extremities of the long bones,in the short and flat ones.

Genus V. Absorptions.
1st. in general.	Of their agents.
	Of their phenomena.
	Of their alterations.
	—Sympathetic absorptions.
2d. in particular. Absorptions	serous.
	cellular	of fat.
		of serum.
	synovial	in the grooves of the tendons.
		in the articulations.
	medullary	in the middle of the long bones.
		in the extremities of the long bones, in the short and flat ones.

Genus VI. Secretions.
1st. in general	Of their agents.
	Of their phenomena.
	Of their alterations.
	—Sympathetic secretions.
2d. in particular. Secretions	lachrymal.
	salivary and pancreatic.
	hepatic.
	renal.
	mucous.
	sebaceous.

Genus VII. Nutrition.
1st. Of the double nutritive motion.
2d. Composition of organs	Nutritive matter, considered in	the chyle.
		the blood.
		—Assimilation.
	the organs themselves.
3d. Decomposition of organs.
4th. Causes that modify nutrition.
5th. Of nutrition considered in	infancy	Of increase in height.
	youth	Of increase in thickness.
	adult age.
	old age	Decrease.
6th. Of natural death.

Genus VIII. Calorification.
1st. Phenomena of animal heat.
2d. Entrance of caloric by	respiration.
	digestion.
	absorption.
3d. Its latent state in the blood.
4th. Its disengagement in the capillary system.
5th. Its exit from the body.
6th. Of the sympathies of heat, and of sympathetic heat.

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