[187] Fraser, Aborigines of New South Wales, p. 25; Roth, l.c. p. 71.
[188] Steinen, Unter den Naturvölkern Central-Brasiliens, p. 72; Mallery, l.c. p. 307.
[189] Mallery, l.c. pp. 311, 312. That the gesture-language of the North American Indians is to be explained as a result of peculiar geographical conditions was remarked already by Dugald Stewart, Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind, iii. pp. 19-22.
[190] Cf. the interesting descriptions of Maori political meetings in Earle, New Zealand, p. 91; Shortland, Traditions of the New Zealanders, p. 171.
[191] Home, Elements of Criticism, i. p. 435.
[192] For an appreciation of pantomimic action as means of conveying religious feelings see Mr. Tylor’s description of the service in the deaf-dumb institution of Berlin, Early History of Mankind, p. 33.
[193] Mallery in Rep. Bur. Ethnol. i. p. 370.
[194] Von den Steinen, Unter den Naturvölkern Central-Brasiliens, p. 244.
[195] Mallery in Rep. Bur. Ethnol. i. p. 370. Cf. also Mallery, l.c. x. (1888-89), (Picture-writing of the N.A. Indians). That the pictographic elements to a large extent have been influenced by the manual signs was remarked already in 1836 by Rafinesque. Cf. Brinton, The Lenape, p. 152, where the merits and the priority of this peculiar author are vindicated.
[196] Groos, Die Spiele der Menschen, p. 406.