[257] Parker, Aborigines of Australia, pp. 25, 26; Howitt in Journ. Anthr. Inst. xiii. pp. 453, 454 (Australian ceremonies of initiation), and Cameron in the same journal, xiv. p. 358 (Tribes of N.S. Wales); the last two instances quoted in Frazer, Totemism, p. 47. See also Fison, “The Nanga,” in J. A. I. xiv., esp. p. 22, on an initiation ceremony in Fiji, representing the ancestors lying dead and coming to life again, which curiously resembles Collins’s description and pictures of an Australian initiation (Collins, N.S. Wales, i. p. 575). For a somewhat analogous drama in East Africa see Dale, Journ. Anthr. Inst. xxv. p. 189 (Bondi country). For interpretation of all these rites see Frazer, Totemism, p. 47; and The Golden Bough, ii. pp. 343-359.
[258] Carver, Travels, pp. 175-180; Schoolcraft, Information, v. pp. 428 sq. Both quoted by Frazer. To be compared with the initiation into the Secret Society of Nkimba—Ward in Journ. Anthr. Inst. xxiv. pp. 288, 289 (Congo tribes).
[259] Crane, Bases of Design, p. 189.
[260] Cf. Haddon, Evolution in Art, pp. 220, 221.
[261] Brown, Hist. of the Origin and Rise of Poetry, pp. 49, 50.
[262] Darwin, The Descent of Man, ii. pp. 103, 124, 125; cf. also ii. pp. 436, 437, and The Origin of Species, i. p. 109.
[263] Ribot, Psychologie de l’attention, pp. 44, 45.
[264] Espinas, Des sociétés animales, p. 284.
[265] Brehm, Thierleben, v. pp. 601, 602; cf. also Wallace, Tropical Nature, p. 199.
[266] Nilsson, Foglarna, ii. p. 56; Lloyd, Game Birds and Wild Fowl, p. 81.