A- a to, at, on
- abandonado p. p. of abandonar
- abandonar to abandon, leave
- abeja f. bee
- abierto p. p. of abrir; open
- abrasaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. abrasando pres. p. of abrasar
- abrasar to burn
- abrazo m. embrace
- abre impv. sing. abrieron 3 pl. pret. ind. of abrir
- abril m. April
- abrió 3 sing. pret. ind. of abrir
- abrir to open, unlock
- abrirá 3 sing. fut. ind. of abrir
- abuelo m. grandfather; como mi abuelo like my grandfather (fam. Eng.) your grandmother
- acabar to finish
- acabó 3 sing. pret. ind. of acabar
- acariciar to caress, stroke, pet
- acarició 3 sing. pret. ind. of acariciar
- acaso perhaps
- aceptar to accept
- acepto 1 sing. pres. ind. of aceptar
- acerca de about, concerning
- acercarse to approach
- acercó 3 sing. pret. ind. of acercar
- acercose = se acercó
- acertar to hit the mark, succeed
- ácido acid, sour
- acierta 3 sing. pres. ind. aciertan 3 pl. pres. ind. of acertar
- acompañar to accompany
- acompañe 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of acompañar
- acostarse to go to bed
- acredita 3 sing. pres. ind. of acreditar; se acredita de malo it is assuredly bad
- acreditar to assure, prove, credit
- activo active
- adelante ahead, forward; los de adelante those ahead
- ademán m. gesture, manner, attitude
- además adv. besides; además de prep. besides, over and above
- adentro within, inside
- adiestraba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of adiestrar
- adiestrar to guide, lead; adiestrarse to exercise one's self
- adivinanza f. riddle
- advertir to notify
- afán m. zeal, eagerness
- afanarse to toil excessively, to work hard
- afano 1 sing. pres. ind. of afanar
- agrio sour
- agua f. water
- aguardando pres. p. of aguardar
- aguardar to wait for, await
- aguardiente m. brandy
- agudo sharp, shrill
- Aguilar m. name of place
- agujero m. hole
- ah ah
- ahogar to drown
- ahogaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of ahogar
- ahora now
- aire m. air
- al to the, at the; al (+infin.) on, upon; al ver on seeing
- Alá m. Allah (Arabic word for God); que Alá los guarde may Allah protect you
- alaba 3 sing. pres. ind. of alabar
- alabar to praise
- alarma f. alarm
- alazán m. sorrel horse
- alcaide m. governor of a castle
- alcalde m. mayor
- alcoba f. bedroom
- Alejandro m. Alexander
- algo something
- alguien somebody
- alguno some; pl. some, a few
- Aliatar m. name of man
- aliento m. breath
- almuerzo m. lunch, breakfast
- Alora f. name of place
- alto high, tall
- allá there
- allí there; por allí over there
- amable amiable
- amiga f. friend
- amigablemente amicably, in a friendly manner
- amigo m. friend
- amo m. master
- amordazar to gag
- amordazó 3 sing. pret. ind. of amordazar
- ancho wide, broad
- anda 3 sing. pres. ind. of andar
- andar to go, walk
- anécdota f. anecdote
- ángel m. angel
- animal m. animal
- anoche last night
- anterior preceding
- antes adv. before, first; antes de prep. before
- antoja 3 sing. pres. ind. of antojar
- antojarse to take it into one's head
- añadió 3 sing. pret. ind. of añadir
- añadir to add
- año m. year; el año que viene next year; hace tres años three years ago; cuántos años tenía how old he (she) was
- aparecer to appear
- aparecía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. apareció 3 sing. pret. ind. of aparecer
- apariencia f. appearance
- aplaude 3 sing. pres. ind. aplauden 3 pl. pres. ind. of aplaudir
- aplaudir to applaud
- apreciamos 1 pl. pres. and pret. ind. of apreciar
- apreciar to value, esteem
- apreciaré 1 sing. fut. ind. of apreciar
- aprender to learn
- aprendido p. p. of aprender
- aprensión f. apprehension, fear
- aprisa quickly
- aprisionar to imprison
- aprisionasen 3 pl. imp. subj. of aprisionar
- aprobar to approve
- aprueba 3 sing. pres. ind. of aprobar
- aquel, aquella that; pl. aquellos, aquellas those
- aqueste this
- aquí here; he aquí behold, here is (are); hasta aquí as far as this
- árabe Arabian
- árbol m. tree
- ardilla f. squirrel
- ardor m. great heat
- arma f. arm, weapon
- arquitecto m. architect
- arreglar to arrange
- arriba above
- arruinado p. p. of arruinar
- arruinar to ruin
- arte m. art
- asegurar to assure, assert
- aseguro 1 sing. pres. ind. of asegurar
- así so, thus; así que as soon as
- asnal adj. donkey
- asombro m. amazement
- astro m. heavenly body, sun, star
- astuto cunning
- asunto m. affair, matter
- asustado frightened
- asustar to frighten
- atigrado tiger-colored
- atrás backward, behind; los de atrás those behind
- atreve 3 sing. pres. ind. of atrever
- atreverse to dare, venture
- atrevían 3 pl. imp. ind. atrevido p. p. atreviese 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. atrevió 3 sing. pret. ind. atrevo 1 sing. pres. ind. of atrever
- aunque although, even if
- autor m. author
- ave f. bird
- avisar to notify
- avisaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of avisar
- ayer yesterday
- ayudar to aid, assist
- azul blue
B- bah bah
- bailar to dance
- bailarín m. dancer
- bajar to go down
- bajaron 3 pl. pret. ind. bajo 1 sing. pres. ind. bajó 3 sing. pret. ind. of bajar
- bajo adj. low
- bajo prep. under
- baldosa f. flat stone
- banco m. bench
- barato cheap
- barbo m. barbel
- barco m. boat
- barranco m. ravine
- barro m. clay, mud
- bastante enough, quite, sufficiently
- batalla f. battle
- bebe 3 sing. pres. ind. bebió 3 sing. pret. ind. of beber
- beber to drink
- bellota f. acorn
- bendición f. blessing
- beneficio m. benefit
- bestia f. animal, beast
- bien well; pues bien well then, very well; está bien all right; qué bien how well; bien va first-rate
- bienes m. pl. property
- bígamo m. bigamist
- bisabuelo m. great-grandfather
- blanco white
- blando soft
- bodas f. pl. marriage, wedding
- Bolondrón m. name of man
- bonito pretty
- bordado embroidered
- borracho m. drunkard
- borrico m. ass, donkey
- borriquito m. dim. of borrico
- bosque m. wood, forest
- bramar to roar
- bramó 3 sing. pret. ind. of bramar
- bravo inter. bravo
- brazo m. arm
- breve short
- brida f. bridle
- brillaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of brillar
- brillar to shine
- brío m. spirit, vigor
- brotar to bud; issue, come out
- bruja f. witch
- bruto m. brute, animal
- bueno good, well
- burro m. ass, donkey, burro
- busca f. search
- buscado p. p. of buscar; buscó 3 sing. pret. ind. of buscar
- buscar, to look for, search
- busto m. bust
C- caballero m. gentleman, knight; sir
- caballo m. horse
- cabeza f. head
- cabo m. end
- Cabra f. name of place
- cachorro m. cub
- cada each, every; cada uno each
- cae 3 sing. pres. ind. of caer
- caer to fall
- caído p. p. of caer
- caliente hot
- calor m. heat, warmth; hace (hacía) calor it is (was) hot; hace (hacía) mucho calor it is (was) very hot
- caluroso warm
- calla impv. sing. of callar
- callar to be silent
- calle f. street
- calló 3 sing. pret. ind. of callar
- cama f. bed
- camarada m. comrade
- camarero m. waiter
- cambiaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of cambiar
- cambiar to change, exchange
- cambiaría 1 and 3 sing. cond. of cambiar
- cambio m. change, exchange; en cambio on the other hand
- caminado p. p. of caminar
- caminar to walk
- camino m. way, road; ponerse en camino to set out
- campana f. bell
- campaña f. campaign
- campo m. field, country
- Cándido m. name of man
- canjear to exchange
- cansa 3 sing. pres. ind. of cansar
- cansado tired
- cansar to tire; cansarse to get tired
- canso 1 sing. pres. ind. of cansar
- cantar to sing; m. singing
- cántaro m. large pitcher; llover a cántaros to rain hard, pour
- canto m. song, singing
- capitán m. captain
- cara f. face
- carbonero m. coal-man
- Carcabuey m. name of place
- cárcel f. prison, jail
- carga impv. sing. of cargar
- cargamento m. cargo
- cargar to load
- cargó 3 sing. pret. ind. of cargar
- caricia f. caress
- cariño m. affection, love
- carne f. flesh, meat
- carretera f. high-road
- carroza f. coach
- carta f. letter
- casa f. house; en casa at home; a casa home
- casaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. casado p. p. of casar
- casarse (con) to marry
- casarán 3 pl. fut. ind. casaré 1 sing. fut. ind. casaría 1 and 3 sing. cond. casaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of casar
- casi almost
- caso m. case, matter
- castigo m. punishment
- casualidad f. chance, accident
- católico Catholic
- caudillo m. chieftain
- causa f. cause; a causa de on account of
- cayó 3 sing. pret. ind. of caer
- cédula f. slip of paper
- celebrar to celebrate
- celebraron 3 pl. pret. ind. celebren 3 pl. pres. subj. celebró 3 sing. pret. ind. of celebrar
- cena f. supper
- cenar to sup, have supper
- cenizas f. pl. ashes
- centro m. centre, middle
- cerca de near
- cerdo m. pig, swine
- cielo m. sky, heaven
- cien see ciento
- ciento one hundred; por ciento per cent
- cierto certain
- cinco five
- cincuenta fifty
- cinta f. ribbon, band
- circunstancia f. circumstance
- ciudad f. city, town
- cobardemente in a cowardly manner, treacherously
- cochero m. coachman
- coger to take, pick, gather; coger de to seize by
- cogió 3 sing. pret. ind. of coger
- colar to filter, pass, steal into; se hubo de colar began to pass
- colmenar m. apiary
- colmillo m. tusk
- colocar to place; colocarse to be placed
- colocó 3 sing. pret. ind. of colocar
- colono m. farmer, tenant
- combatir to fight
- come 3 sing. pres. ind. comen 3 pl. pres. ind. of comer
- comenzar to begin
- comenzó 3 sing. pret. ind. of comenzar
- comer to eat, dine; comerse to eat up; dar de comer to feed
- comerá 3 sing. fut. ind. of comer
- comerciante m. merchant
- comete 3 sing. pres. ind. of cometer
- cometer to commit
- comía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of comer
- comida f. food; dinner, meal
- comido p. p. of comer
- comienza 3 sing. pres. ind. of comenzar
- cómo how, what
- como like, as
- cómodo comfortable, cozy
- compañera f. companion
- compañero m. companion
- comparación f. comparison
- comparar to compare
- comparó 3 sing. pret. ind. of comparar
- compás m. pair of compasses; a compás in time, in regular time
- compasión f. pity, compassion
- compra impv. sing. of comprar
- comprador m. buyer, purchaser
- comprar to buy
- comprender to understand; ya lo comprendo now I understand it
- comprendiendo pres. p. comprendió 3 sing. pret. ind. comprendo 1 sing. pres. ind. of comprender
- compró 3 sing. pret. ind. of comprar
- comunicar to communicate
- con with; con que so that, so then
- conceder to grant
- concederé 1 sing. fut. ind. concedes 2 sing. pres. ind. of conceder
- concluido p. p. of concluir
- concluir to finish, end
- concluyó 3 sing. pret. ind. of concluir
- conde m. count
- condición f. condition; pl. conditions, terms
- conduce 3 sing. pres. ind. of conducir
- conducir to lead, take
- conejo m. rabbit
- confesaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of confesar
- confesábase = se confesaba
- confesar to confess
- confesor m. confessor
- confirmación f. confirmation
- conmover to move, affect
- conmovió 3 sing. pret. ind. of conmover
- conoce 3 sing. pres. ind. of conocer
- conocer to know, be acquainted with
- conocerá 3 sing. fut. ind. conocería 1 and 3 sing. cond. conoces 2 sing. pres. ind. conocía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of conocer
- conocimiento m. knowledge; pl. acquirements
- conoció 3 sing. pret. ind. conozca 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. conozco 1 sing. pres. ind. of conocer
- consecuencia f. consequence
- consentir (en) to consent (to)
- consentiría 1 and 3 sing. cond. of consentir
- conseguir to obtain, succeed
- consejo m. advice
- consentimiento m. consent
- conservar to keep
- conservó 3 sing. pret. ind. of conservar
- consiente 3 sing. pres. ind. of consentir
- consigo with himself, with him
- consiguió 3 sing. pret. ind. of conseguir
- consintió 3 sing. pret. ind. of consentir
- consistía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of consistir
- consistir (en) to consist (of)
- construido p. p. of construir
- construir to build
- construyese 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. of construir
- consuelo m. comfort, consolation
- contar to relate, tell
- contento, content, satisfied
- contestación f. reply
- contestar to answer, reply
- contestó 3 sing. pret. ind. of contestar; contestó que sí he answered yes
- contigo with you
- continuar to continue
- continuó 3 sing. pret. ind. of continuar
- contó 3 sing. pret. ind. of contar
- contra against
- contrariado disappointed
- convertido p. p. of convertir
- convertir to convert; convertirse to be converted
- convidar to invite
- convidó 3 sing. pret. ind. of convidar
- convierte 3 sing. pres. ind. of convertir
- cornisa f. cornice
- corre 3 sing. pres. ind. of correr
- correctamente correctly
- correr to run
- corría 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of correr
- corrido p. p. of correr; abashed, ashamed
- corriente f. current
- corrieron 3 pl. pret. ind. corrió 3 sing. pret. ind. of correr
- cortaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. cortado p. p. cortando pres. p. of cortar
- cortar to cut, cut off
- cortaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of cortar
- corte f. court; hacer la corte to pay attentions to
- cortedad f. timidity, diffidence; con muy poca cortedad with great effrontery
- cortesía f. politeness; con cortesía politely, courteously
- cortina f. curtain
- cortó 3 sing. pret. ind. of cortar
- cosa f. thing
- creas 2 sing. pres. subj. of creer
- crecer to grow, rise
- crecido p. p. of crecer
- cree 3 sing. pres. ind. of creer; se cree it is believed
- creer to believe
- creí 1 sing. pret. ind. creía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of creer
- creo 1 sing. pres. ind. of creer; ya lo creo well I should say so
- creyendo pres. p. creyeron 3 pl. pret. ind. of creer
- criado m. servant
- cruz f. cross
- cruzar to cross
- cruzase 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. of cruzar
- cuadro m. picture
- cuál which, what; el cual who, which
- cuando, cuándo when
- cuánto how much
- cuarenta forty
- cuartel m. quarter
- cuarto m. quarter, fourth; room
- cuatro four; a las cuatro at four o'clock
- cubil m. den
- cubría 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of cubrir
- cubrir, cubrirse to cover
- cuclillo m. cuckoo
- cucú imitation of the cuckoo's note
- cuchara f. spoon
- cuchillo m. knife
- cuenta f. account; echar sus cuentas to consider seriously
- cuento m. story
- cuestión f. question
- cuidado m. care; con cuidado carefully; tener cuidado to be careful, to be alarmed
- cura m. priest
- curar to cure
D- D. abbreviation of don
- da impv. sing. or 3 sing. pres. ind. daba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. dado p. p. dan 3 pl. pres. ind. dando pres. p. of dar
- danza f. dance
- daño m. injury, damage
- dar to give; dar un paso to take a step; dar un paseo to take a walk; dar de comer to feed
- daré 1 sing. fut. ind. das 2 sing. pres. ind. of dar
- dé 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of dar; déme de cenar give me supper
- de of, from; del of the
- debajo de under
- debe 3 sing. pres. ind. debemos 1 pl. pres. ind. of deber
- deber to owe; ought, must, should
- debes 2 sing. pres. ind. debían 3 pl. imp. ind. debo 1 sing. pres. ind. of deber
- decía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of decir
- decidió 3 sing. pret. ind. of decidir
- decidir, decidirse to decide
- decir to say, tell
- declarar to declare
- declaró 3 sing. pret. ind. of declarar
- dedo m. finger
- deforme deformed
- deja 3 sing. pres. ind. of dejar; se deja quemar lets itself be burned
- dejan 3 pl. pres. ind. of dejar
- dejar to let, allow
- dejas 2 sing. pres. ind. dejó 3 sing. pret. ind. of dejar
- delante adv. before, ahead; delante de prep. before, in front of
- demás; lo demás the rest
- demasiado too, too much
- dentro de inside of, within
- derecho straight, right
- derramaban 3 pl. imp. ind. of derramar
- derramar to pour out; derramarse to be scattered, spread
- derrotar to rout, put to flight
- derrotó 3 sing. pret. ind. of derrotar
- desaparecer to disappear
- desapareció 3 sing. pret. ind. of desaparecer
- desaprobaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of desaprobar
- desaprobar to disapprove
- desarmado p. p. of desarmar
- desarmar to disarm
- descansar to rest
- descender to descend
- descendiendo pres. p. descendió 3 sing. pret. ind. desciende 3 sing. pres. ind. of descender
- desconsolado disconsolate, downcast
- descuidado careless, negligent, carelessly
- desde from, since
- desea 3 sing. pres. ind. deseaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. deseado p. p. of desear
- desear to desire, wish
- deseo m. desire
- desesperado in despair
- desesperarse to be in despair
- desesperas 2 sing. pres. ind. of desesperar
- desgracia f. misfortune
- desgraciado unfortunate; desgraciado de Vd. unfortunate man!
- despachar to send away
- despachó 3 sing. pret. ind. of despachar
- despedida f. farewell
- despertar to awake
- despertó 3 sing. pret. ind. despierta impv. sing. of despertar
- después adv. afterwards, then; después de prep. after; después que conj. after; poco después shortly after
- destinado destined, intended
- destreza f. dexterity, nimbleness
- detener, detenerse to stop
- detiene 3 sing. pres. ind. of detener
- detrás de behind
- detuvieron 3 pl. pret. ind. of detener
- devastar to devastate, lay waste
- devastaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of devastar
- devolver to return; devolvérselo to return it to you (see vocabulary under se)
- día m. day; a los pocos días after a few days; vivir al día to live from hand to mouth; todos los días every day; ocho días one week
- diablo m. devil
- dice 3 sing. pres. ind. of decir; se dice it is said, they say
- dicen 3 pl. pres. ind. dices 2 sing. pres. ind. diciendo pres. p. of decir
- dicha f. happiness.
- dicho p. p. of decir; dicho esto having said this
- diente m. tooth
- dieron 3 pl. pret. ind. of dar
- diestro skilful
- diez ten
- diga 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of decir; dígale tell him
- dijeron 3 pl. pret. ind. of decir
- dijo 3 sing. pret. ind. of decir; dijo que sí he said yes
- diligencia f. stagecoach
- dinero m. money
- dió 3 sing. pret. ind. of dar
- Dios m. God
- dirán 3 pl. fut. ind. diré 1 sing. fut. ind. of decir
- dirección f. direction
- dirigían 3 pl. imp. ind. dirigió 3 sing. pret. ind. of dirigir
- dirigir to direct, address; dirigirse to direct oneself, turn toward, apply to
- disponer to dispose, arrange
- dispuso 3 sing. pret. ind. of disponer
- disputa f. dispute
- distinguir to distinguish
- diversión f. amusement
- doce twelve; a las doce at twelve o'clock
- dócil docile
- doctor m. doctor
- dominio m. dominion
- don m. a title preceding Christian names
- don m. gift
- donde, dónde where; a donde where, whither; en donde where
- dormía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of dormir
- dormido p. p. of dormir; asleep
- dormir to sleep; dormirse to go to sleep, fall asleep
- dormirás 2 sing. fut. ind. of dormir
- dos two; las dos two o'clock; dos veces twice
- doscientos two hundred
- doy 1 sing. pres. ind. of dar
- dudar (de) to doubt; llegué a dudar (de) I was really in doubt
- dude 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of dudar; no dude Vd. don't doubt
- dudo 1 sing. pres. ind. of dudar
- dueño m. owner
- duerma 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. duerme 3 sing. pres. ind. of dormir
- durante during
- duro hard; pan duro stale bread
- duro m. dollar
E- e and. Used instead of y before i or hi
- echar to throw, pour, put; echarse to throw oneself down, to lie down; echar sus cuentas to cast up accounts, to consider seriously; echar plantas to brag, boast
- echaron 3 pl. pret. ind. echó 3 sing. pret. ind. of echar
- edad f. age; la de más edad the oldest, elder
- edificio m. building
- efecto m. effect; en efecto indeed, in fact
- efigie f. effigy, image
- efusión f. effusion, emotion
- ejemplo m. example; por ejemplo for example
- él he; him (after a preposition)
- el the; el que he who, the one who; el de that of
- elemento m. element
- eleva 3 sing. pres. ind. of elevar
- elevar to raise; elevarse to rise
- ella she; (after a preposition) her, it
- ellos they; (after a preposition) them
- embarcar to embark, embarcarse to embark, go on shipboard
- embestir to assault, rush against
- empeño m. earnest desire, determination
- emperador m. emperor
- empezado p. p. of empezar
- empezar to begin
- empezaron 3 pl. pret. ind. empezó 3 sing. pret. ind. of empezar
- emplean 3 pl. pres. ind. of emplear
- emplear to use
- empuñar to grasp
- empuñó 3 sing. pret. ind. of empuñar
- en in, on
- encantado enchanted
- encantamiento m. enchantment
- encender to light
- encendió 3 sing. pret. ind. of encender
- encerrado p. p. of encerrar
- encerrar to lock up
- encerrarían 3 pl. cond. encerraron 3 pl. pret. ind. of encerrar
- enciende impv. sing. of encender
- encierro m. imprisonment
- encontrado p. p. of encontrar
- encontrar to meet, find
- encontraron 3 pl. pret. ind. encontré 1 sing. pret. ind. encontró 3 sing. pret. ind. encuentra 3 sing. pres. ind. encuentran 3 pl. pres. ind. encuentre 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. encuentren 3 pl. pres. subj. encuentres 2 sing. pres. subj. of encontrar
- enemigo m. enemy
- enfermedad f. illness
- enfermo ill, sick; m. patient
- enojado angry, vexed, in bad humor
- ensayaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of ensayar
- ensayar to rehearse, practise
- enseñando pres. p. of enseñar
- enseñar to teach, show; enseñarles to teach them
- entender to understand; entender de to be a judge of
- entenderá 3 sing. fut. ind. entiendes 2 sing. pres. ind. of entender
- entonces then; por entonces at that time
- entra 3 sing. pres. ind. of entrar
- entrada f. entrance
- entran 3 pl. pres. ind. of entrar
- entrar (en) to enter, go in
- entraría 1 and 3 sing, cond.; entraron 3 pl. pret. ind. entré 1 sing. pret. ind. of entrar
- entre between, among; entre sí within himself; por entre among
- entregar to deliver, hand over
- entristecido saddened
- entró 3 sing. pret. ind. of entrar
- envejecer to grow old
- enviado p. p. of enviar
- enviar to send
- envidioso envious
- envió 3 sing. pret. ind. of enviar
- era 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. eran 3 pl. imp. ind. of ser
- erección f. erection
- eres 2 sing. pres. ind. of ser
- es 3 sing. pres. ind. of ser; es que the fact is that
- escalera f. stair
- escena f. scene
- escoger to choose, select
- escogió 3 sing. pret. ind. of escoger
- esconder to hide, conceal
- esconderé 1 sing. fut. ind. escondido p. p. escondió 3 sing. pret. ind. of esconder
- escondite m. hiding-place
- escriba 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. escribe 3 sing. pres. ind. escribía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. escribieron 3 pl. pret. ind. escribió 3 sing. pret. ind. of escribir
- escribir to write
- escribo 1 sing. pres. ind. escrito p. p. of escribir
- escritor m. writer
- escrúpulo m. scruple
- escuadrón m. squadron, troop
- escuchando pres. p. of escuchar
- escuchar to listen
- ese (-a -os -as) that; pl. those
- eso that; por eso therefore, so
- espada f. sword
- espantar to frighten; espantarse (de) to be astonished (at)
- espanto 1 sing. pres. ind. of espantar
- España f. Spain
- especie f. kind
- espectáculo m. spectacle
- espera impv. sing. esperaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. esperando pres. p. of esperar
- esperanza f. hope
- esperar to await, wait for, hope, expect
- esperaré 1 sing. fut. ind. espero 1 sing. pres. ind. of esperar
- esposa f. wife
- esposo m. husband; los esposos husband and wife
- espuela f. spur
- está 3 sing. pres. ind. of estar; está bien all right
- estaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. estaban 3 pl. imp. ind. estado p. p. están 3 pl. pres. ind. of estar
- estanque m. pond
- estar to be
- estaré 1 sing. fut. ind. estás 2 sing. pres. ind. of estar
- este (-a -os -as) this; pl. these
- éste (-a -os -as) this one, the latter
- estimaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of estimar
- estimar to esteem, value
- esto this
- estoy 1 sing. pres. ind. of estar
- estrechar to press
- estrechó 3 sing. pret. ind. of estrechar
- estuve 1 sing. pret. ind. estuvo 3 sing. pret. ind. of estar
- etc. etc.
- Europa f. Europe
- exactamente exactly
- examen m. examination
- examinando pres. p. of examinar
- examinar to examine
- examinaron 3 pl. pret. ind. examinó 3 sing. pret. ind. of examinar
- excelente excellent
- exclama 3 sing. pres. ind. exclamaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. exclamando pres. p. of exclamar
- exclamar to exclaim
- exclamó 3 sing. pret. ind. of exclamar
- excusar to excuse
- explicar to explain
- explicó 3 sing. pret. ind. of explicar
- extranjero m. stranger
- extraviado out of the way
- Extremadura f. a province of Spain
F- fabricar to manufacture, make
- fabricas 2 sing. pres. ind. of fabricar
- fabulilla f. little fable
- falda f. slope (of mountain); skirt (of woman)
- falta f. lack
- fama f. reputation, fame
- familia f. family
- famoso famous
- fastidioso tiresome
- favor m. favor, compliment
- favorable favorable
- fe f. faith; a fe que in truth
- febrero m. February
- feliz happy
- felizmente happily, safely
- feo ugly
- feria f. fair
- feroz fierce, ferocious
- fiaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of fiar
- fiar to trust
- fiel faithful
- figura f. form, figure
- fijar to fix
- fije 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of fijar; fije Vd. fix
- fin m. end; al fin at last
- finca f. estate, property
- fingió 3 sing. pret. ind. of fingir
- fingir to feign, pretend
- flanco m. side
- flauta f. flute
- flautista m. flute-player
- flor f. flower; flor de lis fleur-de-lis, iris
- fonda f. inn, restaurant
- formal serious, earnest
- forman 3 pl. pres. ind. of formar
- formar to form
- fortuna f. fortune
- fósforo m. match
- frecuentado frequented, travelled
- frío cold; m. cold; hace frío it is cold; hace mucho frío it is very cold; hacía frío it was cold
- frívolo frivolous
- fue 3 sing. pret. ind. of ser or ir; se fue he went away, went off
- fuego m. fire
- fuera de outside of
- fueron 3 pl. pret. ind. of ser or ir; se fueron they went away, went off
- fuerte strong
- fuga f. flight
- fugarse to run away, flee
- fui 1 sing. pret. ind. of ser or ir
- furioso furious
G- galgo m. greyhound; y muy galgos and very much greyhounds
- galopar to gallop
- galope m. gallop; a galope tendido at full gallop
- gallina f. hen
- gallo m. rooster, cock
- gamo m. deer, buck
- ganaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of ganar
- ganar to gain, earn
- ganga f. bargain
- ganso m. goose
- garboso graceful, elegant
- gastado p. p. gastan 3 pl. pres. ind. of gastar
- gastar to wear, spend; gastarse to wear out, be spent
- gastaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of gastar
- generosamente generously
- generoso noble, generous
- gente f. people
- gobernador m. governor
- golpe m. blow; de un golpe at one blow
- golpear to strike, hit, hammer
- Gómez m. name of man
- gordo fat
- gota f. drop
- gracia f. grace; pl. thanks
- gran see grande
- grande great, large; m. grandee
- gris gray
- grita 3 sing. pres. ind. gritando pres. p. of gritar
- gritar to cry
- gritó 3 sing. pret. ind. of gritar
- gruñir to growl
- gruñó 3 sing. pret. ind. of gruñir
- guapo m. gallant, beau
- guardar to guard, keep
- guarde 1 and 3 pres. subj. of guardar; que Alá los guarde may Allah protect you; guarde esta sentencia un autor let an author keep this judgment in mind
- guardia f. guard
- guisado m. stew, fricassee
- gustar to please
- gustaría 1 and 3 sing. cond. of gustar
- gustaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of gustar; le gustaron they pleased him, he liked them
- gusto m. pleasure, taste
- gustó 3 sing. pret. ind. of gustar; le gustó it pleased him (her), he (she) liked it
H- ha 3 sing. pres. ind. of haber; ha de is to, has to, shall, should
- haber to have
- había 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of haber; impers. there was, there were
- habían 3 pl. imp. ind. of haber
- habilidad f. ability, talent
- habitación f. room
- habitante m. inhabitant
- hablaban 3 pl. imp. ind. hablado p. p. hablan 3 pl. pres. ind. hablando pres. p. of hablar
- hablar to speak
- hablaremos 1 pl. fut. ind. hablaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of hablar
- hable 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of hablar; hable Vd. speak
- habrán 3 pl. fut. ind. habrían 3 pl. cond. of haber
- hace 3 sing. pres. ind. hacen 3 pl. pres. ind. of hacer
- hacer to do, make; hacer la corte to pay attentions to; hacer de persona to exalt oneself, show off; hacer pedazos to break into pieces; hacer una pregunta to ask a question; hace frío (calor) it is cold (hot); hace mucho frío (calor) it is very cold (hot); hacía frío (calor) it was cold (hot); hace (hacía) sol the sun is (was) shining; hace mal tiempo the weather is bad; hace muchos años many years ago; hace tres años three years ago; hace mucho tiempo a long time ago
- haces 2 sing. pres. ind. hacía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of hacer
- hacia toward
- haciendo pres. p. of hacer
- hacha f. axe
- haga 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of hacer; haga Vd. do
- hagan 3 pl. pres. subj. of hacer; que lo hagan have them make it
- hago 1 sing. pres. ind. of hacer
- hallado p. p. hallando pres. p. of hallar
- hallar to find
- hallarás 2 sing. fut. ind. hallo 1 sing. pres. ind. halló 3 sing. pret. ind. of hallar
- hambre f. hunger; tener hambre to be hungry; tener mucha hambre to be very hungry
- han 3 pl. pres. ind. of haber; han de are to, have to, must
- hará 3 sing. fut. ind. haré 1 sing. fut. ind. of hacer
- has 2 sing. pres. ind. of haber; has de you are to, you must
- hasta prep. until, as far as, up to; hasta que conj. until; hasta aquí as far as this
- hay there is, there are; no hay que one (you) must not; no lo hay there isn't any
- he 1 sing. pres. ind. of haber
- he: he aquí behold, here is (are)
- hecho p. p. of hacer
- herido p. p. of herir
- herir to wound, strike
- hermana f. sister
- hermano m. brother
- hermoso beautiful, fair
- hicieron 3 pl. pret. ind of hacer
- hidalguía f. nobleness, liberality
- hierba f. grass
- hierbecillas f. pl. grass, blades of grass
- hierro m. iron
- hija f. daughter
- hijo m. son; pl. children; hijo mayor eldest son; hijo menor youngest son
- hirió 3 sing. pret. ind. of herir
- hizo 3 sing. pret. ind. of hacer
- Holanda f. Holland
- hombre m. man
- honor m. honor
- honrar to honor
- hora f. hour
- horma f. shoemaker's last
- hospital m. hospital
- hospitalidad f. hospitality
- hoy to-day; desde hoy from to-day on
- hu-u-u-u imitation of the sound of the wind
- hubo 3 sing. pret. ind. of haber; hubo de exclamar exclaimed, went on to exclaim; se hubo de colar began to pass (into)
- huele 3 sing. pres. ind. of oler
- huerto m. garden
- huir to flee, run away
- humano human
- húmedo wet, damp
- huyendo pres. p. huyeron 3 pl. pret. ind. huyó 3 sing. pret. ind. of huir
I- iba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of ir
- ida f. going
- ido p. p. of ir
- iglesia f. church
- ignorante ignorant
- igual equal, uniform, unchangeable
- igualmente equally
- impetuosísimo very impetuous, rushing, raging
- impetuoso impetuous
- importa 3 sing. pres. ind. of importar
- importante important
- importar to matter, be important
- imposible impossible
- indispensable indispensable
- individuo m. individual, person
- infame infamous, vile
- infinito infinitely, exceedingly
- inflamado p. p. of inflamar
- inflamar to inflame, inspire
- informar to inform; informarse to find out
- ingenuamente ingenuously, frankly
- inglés English; m. Englishman
- ingrato ungrateful, ingrate; harsh, disagreeable
- inminente imminent
- inmóvil motionless
- insaciable insatiable, never satisfied
- insistió 3 sing. pret. ind. of insistir
- insistir to insist
- instante, m. instant, moment; al instante at once, immediately
- interés m. interest
- interpretaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of interpretar
- interpretar to interpret
- intransitable impassable
- inundar to flood
- inundaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of inundar
- invadir to invade
- invasión f. invasion
- invención f. invention
- inventar to invent
- invento 1 sing. pres. ind. of inventar
- ir to go; irse to go away, go off; irse a pique to sink, founder
- irrita 3 sing. pres. ind. of irritar
- irritar to irritate; irritarse to become irritated, angry
- Isabel f. Isabella
- izquierdo left
J- jabalí m. wild boar
- Jalma m. name of man
- jamás never
- jardín m. garden
- jefe m. chief
- José m. Joseph
- joven young; m. young man; f. girl, young woman
- Juan m. John
- juez m. judge
- Julieta f. Juliet
- junto together; junto a near, close to
- jurar to swear
- juro 1 sing. pres. ind. of jurar
- juzgado m. court
L- la pers. pro. she, it
- la f. the; la que she who, the one who; la de she of, that of, she who was
- lacre m. sealing wax
- lado m. side; por todos lados on all sides
- ladrón m. robber, thief
- lamentación f. lament, cry
- lamentar, lamentarse to lament, grieve
- lamento m. moan, cry
- Lamsaco m. Lampsacus (in ancient geography, a city of Asia Minor on the Hellespont)
- lanza f. lance
- largo long
- las pl. of la the; las de those of
- las, pers. pro. them, you
- lavaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of lavar
- lavar to wash
- le him, to him, to her, you, to you
- leal loyal
- Leal m. name of Aliatar's horse
- lección f. lesson
- leche f. milk
- lecho m. couch, bed
- leer to read
- legua f. league
- leído p. p. of leer
- lejos far
- lengua f. tongue, language
- leña f. firewood
- les to them
- lesna f. awl
- letrero m. sign, notice
- levantar to raise, lift; levantarse to rise, get up
- levantaron 3 pl. pret. ind. levantó 3 sing. pret. ind. of levantar
- libertad f. freedom, liberty; poner en libertad to set free
- librar to free
- libre free
- libren 3 pl. pres. subj. of librar
- liebre f. hare
- ligereza f. swiftness, fleetness
- lis f.: flor de lis fleur-de-lis, iris
- lo pers. pro. him, it
- lo neut. art. the; lo que what, that which, which
- Loja f. name of place
- loro m. parrot
- los pl. of el the
- los pers. pro. them, you
- lucir to show, display
- luchando pres. p. of luchar
- luchar to struggle
- luego then, therefore
- lugar m. place, village
- lugareño m. villager
- lujoso luxurious
- luz f. light
Ll- llamaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. llamado p. p. of llamar
- llamar to call, knock; llamarse to be called; me llamo my name is
- llamaré 1 sing. fut. ind. llamo 1 sing. pres. ind. llamó 3 sing. pret. ind. of llamar
- llave f. key
- llega 3 sing. pres. ind. llegan 3 pl. pres. ind. llegando pres. p. of llegar
- llegar to arrive; al llegar on arriving
- llegaron 3 pl. pret. ind. llego 1 sing. pres. ind. llegó 3 sing. pret. ind. llegue 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of llegar
- llegué 1 sing. prt. ind. of llegar; llegué a dudar I really doubted
- lleno full
- lleva impv. sing. of llevar; llévatela take it along
- lleva 3 sing. pres. ind. llevaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. llevando pres. p. of llevar
- llevar to carry, take, wear, bear; llevarse to carry off
- llevaré 1 sing. fut. ind. llevaría 1 and 3 sing. cond. llevaron 3 pl. pret. ind. llevase 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. llevasen 3 pl. imp. subj. lleve 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of llevar
- lleven 3 pl. pres. subj. of llevar; llévense carry away
- llevó 3 sing. pret. ind. of llevar
- llorando pres. p. of llorar
- llorar to weep, cry
- llover to rain; llover a cántaros to rain hard, pour
- llovía 3 sing. imp. ind. llueve 3 sing. pres. ind. of llover
- lluvia f. rain
M- madre f. mother
- Madrid m. Madrid (capital of Spain)
- madriguera f. burrow, den
- magnífico magnificent, splendid
- majestad f. majesty
- mal m. harm, injury
- mal adj. see malo
- mal adv. badly, ill
- malo bad, ill
- mandado p. p. of mandar
- mandar to order, command; send; mandar hacer to have made; mandar quemar to order to be burned
- manera f. manner, way; de la misma manera in the same way; de esta (esa) manera in this (that) way
- mango m. handle
- maniatado p. p. of maniatar
- maniatar to tie one's hands, manacle
- manifestar to state, inform
- manifestó 3 sing. pret. ind. of manifestar
- mano f. hand
- mantener to support
- mañana f. morning; adv. to-morrow; por la mañana in the morning
- mar m. sea
- marido m. husband
- marinero m. sailor
- marchar to march, go; marcharse to go, go off
- marcharon 3 pl. pret. ind. marchó 3 sing. pret. ind. of marchar
- martillo m. hammer
- marzo m. March
- mas but
- más more, most
- mata f. bush, shrub
- matado p. p. of matar
- matar to kill
- matara 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. matas 2 sing. pres. ind. of matar
- matasiete m. killer of seven, seven-killer
- mato 1 sing. pres. ind. mató 3 sing. pret. ind. of matar
- matrimonio m. marriage
- mayor greater, greatest, larger, largest, older, oldest
- me me, to (for) me
- medalla f. medal, medallion
- mediano medium, medium-sized
- medias f. pl. stockings
- medicina f. medicine
- médico m. doctor
- medio half, mid; media noche midnight
- meditar to consider, meditate
- meditó 3 sing. pret. ind. of meditar
- mejor better, best
- menear to stir, shake; menearse to stir about, "hustle"
- meneo 1 sing. pres. ind. of menear
- menor smaller, younger, youngest
- menos less, least
- menospreciado p. p. of menospreciar
- menospreciar to underrate, despise
- merece 3 sing. pres. ind. of merecer
- merecer to deserve
- mereces 2 sing. pres. ind. merecía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of merecer
- mes m. month
- mesa f. table; poner la mesa to set (lay) the table
- metamorfosis f. metamorphosis, transformation
- meter to put; meterse to get in; meterse detrás de to get behind
- metió 3 sing. pret. ind. of meter
- mezquino mean, paltry, poor
- mi my
- mí me
- miedo m. fear; tener miedo to be afraid
- mientras while, as long as
- mieses f. pl. crops
- mil a thousand
- minuto m. minute
- mío mine, my; el mío mine
- mira 3 sing. pres. ind. miraba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of mirar
- mirada f. look, glance
- mirando pres. p. of mirar
- mirar to look at; mirar por to look out of
- miren 3 pl. pres. subj. of mirar; mírenlo Vds. look at him
- miró 3 sing. pret. ind. of mirar
- miserable wretched; m. wretched man
- miseria f. poverty
- mismo same; lo mismo que the same as, as well as
- modesto modest
- modo m. mode, manner; de tal modo in such a way; del propio modo in the same way
- molinero m. miller
- momento m. moment; importance
- mona f. monkey
- moneda f. coin
- montar to mount
- monte m. mountain
- montó 3 sing. pret. ind. of montar
- mordaza f. gag
- moribundo dying
- morir, morirse to die
- morirás 2 sing. fut. ind. moriré 1 sing. fut. ind. moriréis 2 pl. fut. ind. of morir
- moro m. Moor
- mosca f. fly
- mosquito m. mosquito
- motivo m. motive
- mover, moverse to move
- moveré 1 sing. fut. ind. movía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of mover
- movimiento m. movement
- movió 3 sing. pret. ind. of mover
- mozo m. porter
- muchísimo very much
- mucho much; pl. many
- muebles m. pl. furniture
- muerte f. death
- muerto p. p. of morir
- mueve 3 sing. pres. ind. of mover
- mujer f. woman, wife
- mundo m. world
- murió 3 sing. pret. ind. of morir
- música f. music
- muy very
N- nada nothing; not at all
- nada 3 sing. pres. ind. of nadar
- nadar to swim
- nadie no one, nobodynado 1 sing. pres. ind. of nadar
- natural natural
- necesario necessary; todo lo necesario everything necessary
- necesidad f. necessity
- necesita 3 sing. pres. ind. of necesitar
- necesitar to need
- necio m. fool
- negado p. p. of negar
- negar to deny; negarse (a) to refuse
- negocios m. pl. business
- negro black; m. negro
- nevar to snow
- ni nor, not even; ni ... ni neither ... nor
- nieve f. snow
- ninguno no, none; no one
- niña f. girl, child
- no no; not
- noble noble; m. noble
- noche f. night; de noche, por la noche at night
- nombrado celebrated, famous
- nombre m. name
- norte m. north
- nos us, to us
- notar to note, observe
- noticia f. news
- notó 3 sing. pret. ind. of notar
- noventa ninety
- noviembre m. November
- novio m. lover, fiance
- nube f. cloud
- nuestro our, ours, of ours
- nueve nine
- nuevo new; de nuevo again
- número m. number
- nunca never
O- o or; o ... o either ... or
- o, oh inter. oh
- obedecer to obey
- obedeció 3 sing. pret. ind. of obedecer
- obligar to oblige, compel
- obligó 3 sing. pret. ind. of obligar
- obra f. work
- obrero m. workman
- obsequiar to entertain, show attention; obsequiar a porfía to show rivalry in entertaining
- obsequiaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of obsequiar
- observar to observe
- observó 3 sing. pret. ind. of observar
- obtener to obtain
- ocasión f. occasion, opportunity
- oculta 3 sing. pres. ind. of ocultar
- ocultar to hide, conceal
- ocurrido p. p. of ocurrir
- ocurrir to happen, occur
- ochenta eighty
- ocho eight; ocho días a week
- oficial m. officer
- oficina f. office
- oficio m. work, trade, business
- ofrecer to offer, promise
- ofrecieron 3 pl. pret. ind. ofreció 3 sing. pret. ind. ofrezco 1 sing. pres. ind. of ofrecer
- oír to hear; al oír on hearing
- ojo m. eye
- oleaje m. surge, waves
- oler (a) to smell (of)
- olvidado p. p. olvidando pres. p. of olvidar
- olvidar to forget
- olvide 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of olvidar; no olvide Vd. don't forget; olvidó 3 sing. pret. ind. of olvidar
- olla f. pot, kettle
- ora ... ora now ... now
- orden f. order; a las órdenes under the command
- ordinario ordinary; de ordinario usual
- oriente m. East, orient
- orilla f. bank, shore; a orillas on the shore
- oro m. gold
- oscuro dark; a oscuras in the dark
- oso m. bear
- otoño m. autumn
- otro other, another; otra vez again; otro tanto as much more
- oveja f. sheep
- oyeron 3 pl. pret. ind. of oír
- oyó 3 sing. pret. ind. of oír; oyó las dos he heard two o'clock strike
P- paciente patient
- padre m. father
- pagado p. p. of pagar
- pagar to pay
- pagó 3 sing. pret. ind. of pagar
- país m. country
- pájaro m. bird
- palabra f. word; tener palabra to keep one's word
- palacio m. palace
- pan m. bread; pan tierno fresh bread; pan duro stale bread
- panal m. honey-comb
- pañuelo m. handkerchief
- papá m. papa
- para for, in order to; para que in order that
- paraguas m. umbrella
- parece 3 sing. pres. ind. of parecer
- parecer to seem, appear; parecerse a to look like; qué le parece a Vd. what do you think of, how do you like
- parecerá 3 sing. fut. ind. parecía 3 sing. imp. ind. parecían 3 pl. imp. ind. pareció 3 sing. pret. ind. of parecer
- pariente m. relative
- parte f. part; en ninguna parte nowhere, not anywhere; por todas partes everywhere
- pasa 3 sing. pres. ind. pasaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of pasar
- pasado p. p. of pasar; past
- pasar to pass; pasar de to be more than, exceed; al pasar on passing
- paseaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of pasear
- pasearse to take a walk, ride, drive
- paseo 1 sing. pres. ind. of pasear
- paseo m. walk; dar un paseo to take a walk
- pasmar to stun, astound; pasmarse to be astounded, stunned
- pasmaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of pasmar
- paso m. step, passage; dar un paso to take a step
- pasó 3 sing. pret. ind. of pasar
- patata f. potato
- patio m. court-yard
- pato m. duck
- pavo m. turkey
- paz f. peace, tranquillity
- peana f. pedestal
- pecado m. sin
- pedazo m. piece; hacer pedazos to break into pieces
- pedía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. pedido p. p. of pedir
- pedir to ask, ask for, order
- Pedro m. Peter
- peinar to comb; peinarse to comb one's hair
- peine m. comb
- peinó 3 sing. pret. ind. of peinar
- peligro m. danger, peril
- pena f. pain, grief
- penoso painful, laborious
- pensaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. pensando pres. p. of pensar
- pensar (en) to think (of), intend
- peor worse, worst
- pequeño small, little
- perder to lose
- perderás 2 sing. fut. ind. of perder
- perdido p. p. of perder; me he perdido I am ruined; se me ha perdido he is lost
- perdonar to pardon
- perdone 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of perdonar; perdóneme Vd. pardon me
- perdono 1 sing. pres. ind. of perdonar
- Pérez m. name of man
- perfecto perfect
- perito expert
- perjudica 3 sing. pres. ind. of perjudicar
- perjudicar to damage, injure, be prejudicial
- permanecer to remain
- permaneció 3 sing. pret. ind. of permanecer
- permiso m. permission
- permiten 3 pl. pres. ind. of permitir
- permitir to permit, allow
- pero but
- perseguir to pursue
- persiguieron 3 pl. pret. ind. of perseguir
- persona f. person; hacer de persona to exalt oneself, show off
- perro m. dog
- pesar m. sorrow; a pesar de in spite of
- peseta f. peseta, franc
- piamontés m. Piedmontese (one from Piedmont, a region in northwestern Italy)
- pícaro villanous, mischievous
- picapedrero m. stone-cutter
- picarón m. rascal, rogue
- pide 3 sing. pres. ind. pidiendo pres. p. pidió 3 sing. pret. ind. of pedir
- pie m. foot
- piedra f. stone
- pierda 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of perder
- pilar m. column
- pillan 3 pl. pres. ind. of pillar
- pillar to seize, catch
- pintor m. painter
- pique m. pique; irse a pique to founder, sink, go to the bottom
- plano m. plan
- planta f. plant; echar plantas to brag, boast
- plantar to plant
- planté 1 sing. pret. ind. of plantar
- plata f. silver
- plato m. plate
- plazo m. period, time
- plebeyo plebeian; m. plebeian, commons
- pleito m. law-suit
- pluma f. pen
- población f. town
- pobre poor; el pobre the poor man; los pobres the poor (people, animals, etc.); pobre de mí alas for me
- poco little; pl. few; a los pocos días after a few days; poco antes shortly before; poco después shortly after
- podemos 1 pl. pres. ind. of poder
- podenco m. hound; digo que podencos I say hounds
- poder to be able, can
- poder m. power
- poderoso powerful
- podía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of poder
- podían 3 pl. imp. ind. of poder; nada podían they could do nothing, were powerless
- podré 1 sing. fut. ind. podría 1 and 3 sing. cond. of poder
- polvo m. dust
- pollo m. chicken
- ponderado p. p. of ponderar
- ponderar to praise highly
- poner to put; ponerse to get, become; ponerse en camino to set out; poner en libertad to set free; poner la mesa to set the table
- poniente m. West
- por for, by, through, for the sake of, in exchange for; por entre among; por allí over there; por ciento per cent; por entonces at that time
- porción f. portion
- porfía f. obstinacy; obsequiaron a porfía they rivalled each other in showing attentions
- porfiar to insist
- porfió 3 sing. pret. ind. of porfiar
- porque because
- porqué, por qué why
- posada f. inn, hotel
- posadera f. landlady, innkeeper's wife
- poseer to possess, own
- poseía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. poseo 1 sing. pres. ind. of poseer
- posible possible
- potro m. colt
- prado m. meadow, field
- preceder to precede
- precedido p. p. of preceder
- precio m. price
- precioso precious
- precisamente exactly
- preciso necessary
- preferir to prefer
- prefiero 1 sing. pres. ind. of preferir
- pregunta f. question; hacer una pregunta to ask a question
- pregunta 3 sing. pres. ind. preguntando pres. p. of preguntar
- preguntar to ask
- preguntaré 1 sing. fut. ind. preguntaron 3 pl. pret. ind. preguntó 3 sing. pret. ind. of preguntar
- prendero m. pawnbroker
- preparar to prepare
- preparó 3 sing. pret. ind. of preparar
- presencia f. presence
- presentaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. presentando pres. p. of presentar
- presentar to present
- presentarás 2 sing. fut. ind. of presentar
- presente present
- presentó 3 sing. pret. ind. of presentar
- preso imprisoned; m. prisoner
- prestar to lend
- presto 1 sing. pres. ind. of prestar
- primer, primero first
- primor m. excellence, dexterity
- princesa f. princess
- principal principal, chief
- príncipe m. prince
- prisa f. hurry, haste; tener prisa to be in a hurry
- prisionero m. prisoner
- probable probable
- probado p. p. of probar
- probar to try, taste
- probó 3 sing. pret. ind. of probar
- profundamente deeply
- promesa f. promise
- prometer to promise
- prometido p. p. prometí 1 sing. pret. ind. prometió 3 sing. pret. ind. of prometer
- pronto soon; tan pronto como as soon as
- propio own; same
- provincia f. province
- provisto (de) provided (with)
- próximo next
- pudiera 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. of poder; si yo pudiera if I could (might)
- pudieran 3 pl. imp. subj. of poder; pudieran Vds. you might be able
- pudo 3 sing. pret. ind. of poder
- pueblo m. village, town; people
- pueda 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. puede 3 sing. pres. ind. pueden 3 pl. pres. ind. puedes 2 sing. pres. ind. puedo 1 sing. pres. ind. of poder
- puerca f. pig
- puerco m. pig
- puerta f. door, gate
- puerto m. port, harbor
- pues adv. then, therefore, well; conj. for, since, as; pues bien very well, well then; pues qué well then, what then; pues que since
- puesto que since
- pulso m. pulse; tomar el pulso to feel the pulse
- punto m. point; a punto de on the point of
- puñal m. dagger
- puro pure
- pusieron 3 pl. pret. ind. puso 3 sing. pret. ind. of poner
Q- que rel. pro. who, that, which; lo que what, which; el que he who, the one who; la que she who, the one who
- que conj. that; for; than, as; con que so then, so that; que sea let it be; que Alá los guarde may Allah protect you
- qué what; how; qué tal what do you think of it; qué bien how well; pues qué what then, well then; y qué and what of that; qué tienes what's the matter with you
- quedar, quedarse to remain
- quedo quiet
- quejido m. moan
- quemaban 3 pl. imp. ind. quemado p. p. of quemar
- quemar to burn; mandar quemar to order to be burned
- querer to wish, want; love
- quería 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. querían 3 pl. imp. ind. querido p. p. queriendo pres. p. of querer
- quien, quién who; de quien whose; a quien whom
- quiera 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. quieras 2 sing. pres. subj. quiere 3 sing. pres. ind. quieres 2 sing. pres. ind. quiero 1 sing. pres. ind. of querer
- quieto quiet, still
- quinientos five hundred
- quisiera 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. of querer; I should like, he would like
- quitar, quitarse to take away, take off, remove
- quitó 3 sing. pret. ind. of quitar
R- rabia f. rage
- raro rare, odd
- rayo m. ray, beam
- raza f. race
- razonable reasonable
- real m. (1/4 of a peseta or about 5 cents)
- recetado p. p. of recetar
- recetar to prescribe
- recibido p. p. recibió 3 sing. pret. ind. of recibir
- recibir to receive
- recibirá 3 sing. fut. ind. of recibir
- recluta m. recruit
- recoger to get again, pick up
- recogeré 1 sing. fut. ind. of recoger
- reconocer to recognize
- reconoces 2 sing. pres. ind. of reconocer
- recorrer to go over, go all through
- recorrió 3 sing. pret. ind. of recorrer
- recuerdo m. souvenir, remembrance
- referir to refer, relate, tell
- refirieron 3 pl. pret. ind. refirió 3 sing pret. ind. of referir
- regalar to give, present
- regalo 1 sing. pres. ind. regaló 3 sing. pret. ind. of regalar
- regalo m. present, gift; gratification, regalement
- regla f. rule
- regocijo m. rejoicing
- rehusar to refuse
- reloj m. clock, watch
- remediar to remedy, help
- remedio m. remedy, help
- remendando pres. p. of remendar
- remendar to mend
- remozado p. p. of remozar
- remozar to rejuvenate, make young again
- remozarán 3 pl. fut. ind. of remozar
- rendir, rendirse to surrender
- replica 3 sing. pres. ind. of replicar
- replicar to reply
- replicó 3 sing. pret. ind. of replicar
- reposaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of reposar
- reposar to rest, repose
- reprender to reprove, reprimand
- reprendió 3 sing. pret. ind. of reprender
- requisito m. requisite
- rescate m. ransom
- resignar to resign; resignarse to be resigned
- resistencia f. resistance
- resoplido m. snort
- responde 3 sing. pres. ind. of responder
- responder to answer, reply
- respondió 3 sing. pret. ind. of responder
- respondiole = le respondió
- respuesta f. answer, reply
- retroceder to draw back
- retrocedió 3 sing. pret. ind. of retroceder
- reverdecen 3 pl. pres. ind. of reverdecer
- reverdecer to grow green again
- revuelta f. return, winding
- rey m. king
- rico rich; el rico the rich man
- rienda f. rein
- rigor m. rigor, severity; en rigor to be precise, strictly speaking
- río m. river
- riqueza f. wealth
- robado p. p. of robar
- robar to steal
- roca f. rock
- rodeaban 3 pl. imp. ind. of rodear
- rodeado p. p. of rodear; rodeado de surrounded by
- rodear to surround
- rojo red
- Romeo m. Romeo
- rostro m. face
- rotundamente roundly, positively
- rudamente roughly, hard
- rudo rough, hard
- ruido m. noise
S- sabe 3 sing. pres. ind. saben 3 pl. pres. ind. of saber
- saber to know, know how; learn
- sabes 2 sing. pres. ind. sabía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. sabían 3 pl. imp. ind. of saber
- sabido p. p. of saber; tenga sabido learn, bear in mind
- sabio wise; m. wise man, sage
- sacar to take out, bring out, put out
- sacaron 3 pl. pret. ind. sacó 3 sing. pret. ind. of sacar
- sacre m. falcon
- sacudió 3 sing. pret. ind. of sacudir
- sacudir to shake
- sala f. room
- salario m. salary, pay
- salga 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of salir; que salga let him (her) come forth; salga bien o mal whether it prove good or bad
- salía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. salido p. p. saliendo pres. p. salieron 3 pl. pret. ind. salió 3 sing. pret. ind. of salir
- salir to go out, come out, leave
- saltar to leap, jump
- saltó 3 sing. pret. ind. of saltar
- saludar to greet, salute
- saludó 3 sing. pret. ind. of saludar
- salvar to save
- salvó 3 sing. pret. ind. of salvar
- Satanás m. Satan
- satisfecho (de or con) satisfied (with)
- se reflex pro. himself, herself, themselves, yourself, yourselves; to himself, etc.
- se pers. pro. It is used as a substitute for le, les when these are immediately followed by another pronoun of the third person. So se lo means, it to him (her, them, you) Se lo doy I give it to him (her, them, you)
- sé 1 sing. pres. ind. of saber
- sea 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of ser; que sea let it be
- seco dry
- secreto m. secret
- sed f. thirst; tener sed to be thirsty
- seda f. silk
- seguía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. seguían 3 pl. imp. ind. of seguir
- seguida, en seguida at once, immediately
- seguido p. p. of seguir; seguido de followed by
- seguir to follow, go on, continue
- según according to (as)
- segundo second
- seis six
- semana f. week
- senda f. path
- sentado p. p. of sentar; seated, sitting
- sentar to seat; sentarse to sit down; al sentarse on sitting down
- sentencia f. sentence, verdict, judgment
- sentía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of sentir
- sentimiento m. sentiment, feeling
- sentir to feel, regret
- sentó 3 sing. pret. ind. of sentar
- señalando pres. p. of señalar
- señalar to point out
- señor m. sir, gentleman, Mr.
- señora f. lady, madam, Mrs.
- señorita f. young lady, young mistress, Miss
- seor popular form of señor
- ser to be
- será 3 sing. fut. ind. serán 3 pl. fut. ind. seré 1 sing. fut. ind. sería 1 and 3 sing. cond. of ser
- serpiente f. serpent, snake
- servicio m. service
- servidor m. servant, servitor
- servir to serve; servir de to serve as
- servirá 3 sing. fut. ind. of servir
- sesenta sixty
- setenta seventy
- sí himself, herself, themselves; para sí to himself, etc.; entre sí within himself, etc.
- sí yes; contestó que sí he answered yes; dijo que sí he said yes
- si if
- siempre always; para siempre forever; siempre que whenever
- sienta impv. sing. of sentar; siéntate sit down
- siento 1 sing. pres. ind. of sentar or sentir
- siesta f. siesta, after-dinner nap
- siete seven
- siguiendo pres. p. of seguir
- siguiente following; al día siguiente on the following day
- siguieron 3 pl. pret. ind. siguió 3 sing. pret. ind. of seguir
- silbo m. hiss
- silla f. chair
- sin without
- sino but, except; sino que but
- sintió 3 sing. pret. ind. of sentir
- sirviente m. servant
- sitio m. place, spot
- sobre on, upon, over; sobre todo especially, above all
- sol m. sun, sunshine; hace sol the sun is shining, the sun shines; hacía sol the sun shone, was shining
- solamente only
- soldado m. soldier
- soler to be accustomed
- solía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of soler
- solo alone
- sólo only
- sombra f. shadow, shade
- sombra 3 sing. pres. ind. of sombrar
- sombrar to shade
- sombrero m. hat
- sombrilla f. parasol, sunshade
- sonar to sound, play
- sonido m. sound
- sonó 3 sing. pret. ind. of sonar
- sonreir, sonreirse to smile
- sonrió 3 sing. pret. ind. of sonreir
- soñaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of soñar
- soñar (con) to dream (of)
- soñó 3 sing. pret. ind. of soñar
- sopa f. soup
- sorprender to surprise
- sorprendió 3 sing. pret. ind. of sorprender
- sospechar to suspect
- sostener to sustain, hold
- sostenían 3 pl. imp. ind. sostienen 3 pl. pres. ind. of sostener
- soy 1 sing. pres. ind. of ser
- su pl. sus his, her, its, your, their
- subir to go up, climb
- subo 1 sing. pres. ind. of subir
- suceder to happen
- sucedió 3 sing. pret. ind. of suceder
- suceso m. event
- sudor m. perspiration
- suegra f. mother-in-law
- suelo 1 sing. pres. ind. of soler
- suelo m. floor, ground
- sueño m. sleep, dream; en sueños when he was dreaming
- suerte f. fate, lot, luck; manner; de aquesta (esta) suerte in this manner
- sujetar to hold fast, overpower
- sujetó 3 sing. pret. ind. of sujetar
- suma f. sum, amount
- supo 3 sing. pret. ind. of saber
- suponer to suppose; suponerse to be supposed
- supremo supreme, critical
- sur m. south
- suspiraba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. suspirando pres. p. of suspirar
- suspirar to sigh
- suyo his, her, its, their, your; el suyo his own, her own, etc.; los suyos your men, his men
T- tal such; tal vez perhaps; qué tal what do you think of it, how are you
- talento m. talent, ability
- tallo m. stalk, stem
- tamaño m. size
- también also
- tampoco neither, not either
- tan so, as
- tanto as much, so much; pl. as many, so many; tantas veces so often; otro tanto just as much, as much more
- tapa 3 sing. pres. ind. of tapar
- tapar to cover, hide
- tarde late
- tarde f. afternoon, evening; por la tarde in the afternoon
- tarea f. task
- taza f. cup
- te you, to you
- temprano early
- ten impv. sing. of tener; tente impv. sing. of tenerse stop
- tender to stretch, stretch out
- tendido p. p. of tender; a galope tendido at full gallop
- tendrían 3 pl. cond. of tener
- tenedor m. fork
- tenemos 1 pl. pres. ind. of tener
- tener to have, hold; tenerse to stop; tener cuidado to be careful, to be alarmed; tener hambre to be hungry; tener mucha hambre to be very hungry; tener miedo to be afraid; tener palabra to keep one's word; tener prisa to be in a hurry; tener que to have to, must; qué tienes what's the matter with you; cuántos años tenía how old he (she) was
- tenga 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of tener; tenga sabido learn, bear in mind
- tengas 2 sing. pres. subj. tengo 1 sing. pres. ind. tenía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. tenían 3 pl. imp. ind. tenido p. p. of tener
- tercer, tercero third
- término m. term
- tesoro m. treasure
- testamento m. will
- testigo m. and f. witness
- tiempo m. time; weather; con
- el tiempo in the course of time; mucho tiempo a long time; hace mal tiempo it's bad weather; hace mucho tiempo a long time ago
- tienda f. shop, store
- tienen 3 pl. pres. ind. tienes 2 sing. pres. ind. of tener
- tierno tender; pan tierno fresh bread
- tierra f. earth, land
- tigre m. tiger
- tirar to throw
- tiritando pres. p. of tiritar
- tiritar (de) to tremble, shake (with)
- tiró 3 sing. pret. ind. of tirar
- tocar to touch; play (musical instrument)
- tocó 3 sing. pret. ind. of tocar
- todavía still, yet
- todo all, each; everything; todos los hombres every man; sobre todo especially, above all
- toma impv. sing. tomando pres. p. of tomar
- tomar to take; (of soup) to eat; tomarse to eat up; tomar el pulso to feel the pulse
- tome 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of tomar; tómela Vd. take it
- tomó 3 sing. pret. ind. of tomar
- tontería f. foolish action
- tonto foolish; m. and f. fool
- toque 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of tocar
- torrente m. torrent
- trabaja 3 sing. pres. ind. of trabajar
- trabajar to work
- trabajo 1 sing. pres. ind. of trabajar
- trabajo m. work
- traer to bring
- traes 2 sing. pres. ind. traía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of traer
- traiga 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of traer; tráigame bring me
- trajese 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. trajo 3 sing. pret. ind. of traer
- tranquilizar to calm, reassure; tranquilizarse to be reassured
- tranquilizó 3 sing. pret. ind. of tranquilizar
- transformado p. p. of transformar
- transformar to transform, change
- tras behind, after
- tratar (de) to try (to)
- trate 1 and 3 sing, pres, subj. trató 3 sing. pret. ind. of tratar
- trazar to draw, trace
- tres three
- treinta thirty; treinta y cinco thirty-five
- trigo m. wheat
- triste sad
- tristemente sadly
- tristeza f. sadness, grief
- tronco m. trunk
- tu your
- tú you
- tumbado lying at ease
- tunante m. rogue, rascal; médico tunante roguish physician
- turista m. tourist
U- último last, latest; por último at last, finally
- un, uno, una a, an, one; la una one o'clock
- unos some
- usted, ustedes you
- usura f. usury
- utilidad f. utility
- uvas f. pl. grapes
V- va 3 sing. pres. ind. of ir; cómo le va how are you; bien va first-rate
- vaca f. cow
- vadeable fordable
- vado m. ford
- vale 3 sing. pres. ind. of valer; más vale it is better, worth more
- valer to be worth
- valga 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of valer
- valiente brave
- valor m. value, bravery
- valle m. valley
- vamos 1 pl. pres. ind. or impv. of ir; we go, let us go; excl. come
- van 3 pl. pres. ind. of ir
- vano vain
- variedad f. variety
- vario various, varied; pl. several
- vas 2 sing. pres. ind. of ir
- vaso m. glass
- vaya 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of ir; excl. I say, I tell you, come
- Vd. Vds. (abbreviations of usted, ustedes) you
- ve 3 sing. pres. ind. of ver
- V. E. (Vuestra Excelencia) your Excellency
- vecina f. neighbor
- veían 3 pl. imp. ind. of ver
- veloz swift
- vencer to conquer, overcome
- vencido p. p. of vencer
- vende impv. sing. venden 3 pl. pres. ind. of vender
- vender to sell
- vendimia f. vintage, time for gathering grapes
- vendió 3 sing. pret. ind. of vender
- vendrán 3 pl. fut. ind. vendría 1 and 3 sing. cond. venga 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. vengo 1 sing. pres. ind. venía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of venir
- venida f. coming
- venido p. p. of venir
- venir to come
- ventana f. window
- veo 1 sing. pres. ind. of ver
- ver to see; al ver on seeing
- verá 3 sing. fut. ind. of ver
- verano m. summer
- veras; de veras really, truly, indeed
- verás 2 sing. fut. ind. of ver
- verdad f. truth; es verdad it is true
- vestido m. dress; pl. clothes
- vestido p. p. of vestir
- vez f. time; una vez once; tantas veces so often; en vez de instead of; tal vez perhaps; a veces at times; otra vez again; muchas veces often; dos veces twice
- vida f. life, living
- vieja f. old woman
- viejísimo very old
- viejo old; m. old man
- viendo pres. p. of ver
- viene 3 sing. pres. ind. of venir; el año que viene next year
- vienen 3 pl. pres. ind. of venir
- viento m. wind
- vieron 3 pl. pret. ind. of ver
- vinagre m. vinegar
- vino m. wine
- vino 3 sing. pret. ind. of venir
- viña f. vineyard
- vio 3 sing. pret. ind. of ver
- violencia f. violence
- visitar to visit
- visitó 3 sing. pret. ind. of visitar
- visto p. p. of ver
- vive 3 sing. pres. ind. vivía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. vivían 3 pl. imp. ind. viviendo pres. p. vivieron 3 pl. pret. ind. vivió 3 sing. pret. ind. of vivir
- vivir to live; vivir al día to live from hand to mouth
- vivo live, alive, lively
- volaba 3 sing. imp. ind. of volar
- volar to fly
- volvamos 1 pl. pres. subj. of volver
- volver to turn, return; volver a again; vuelve a ser he becomes again
- volverán 3 pl. fut. ind. volveré 1 sing. fut. ind. volvía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. volvieran 3 pl. imp. subj. volvieron 3 pl. pret. ind. volvió 3 sing. pret. ind. of volver
- voy 1 sing. pres. ind. of ir
- voz f. voice
- vuela 3 sing. pres. ind. vuelo 1 sing. pres. ind. of volar
- vuelta f. turn, return
- vuelva 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. vuelve 3 sing. pres. ind. of volver
- vuestro your
Y- y and
- ya already, now; ya no, no ... ya no longer; ya lo comprendo now I understand, I understand it all very well; ya que now that; ya lo creo well I should think so
- yendo pres. p. of ir
- yo I
Z- zagal m. shepherd
- zapatería f. shoemaker's trade or shop
- zapatero m. shoemaker
- zapato m. shoe
- Zaragoza f. Saragossa
- zorra f. fox
NOTE:
[1] Besides blank verse and ordinary rhyme, with which we are familiar in English verse, Spanish verse has also a vocalic rhyme called assonance. When the vowels are the same beginning with the last accented syllable, but the consonants different, the rhyme is called assonance, e.g. boca—tropa.
Assonance of the even lines (2, 4, etc.) is the usual rule in Spanish poetry. In a short poem the same assonance is often kept throughout the composition. In El Burro Flautista the assonance is that of the last syllable only, e.g. mal—casualidad. In El Pato y la Serpiente, p. 40, the assonance is a—o, e.g. pato—dado—canso, etc. In Los Dos Conejos, p. 41, the assonance is e—o, e.g. perros—conejo—compañero, etc.