Paginas Sudamericanas

by Helen Phipps

VOCABULARY

ABBREVIATIONS

adj. adjective
adv. adverb
Amer. American usage (i.e., Latin-American)
Arg. Argentine word or usage
conj. conjunction
Cub. Cuban
f. feminine (noun)
Fr. French
inf. infinitive
interj. interjection
Lat. Latin
m. masculine (noun)
part. participle
pl. plural
Port. Portuguese
pr. proper noun
prep. preposition
pres. present
pron. pronoun
sing. singular
v. verb
—— keyword repeated

A

ABAJO adv. under, below; downstairs
ABANICO m. fan
ABARCAR v. to comprise, to embrace
ABASTECER v. to supply
ABIERTO see ABRIR
ABONO m. fertilizer
ABRIR v. to open
ACABAR v. to finish; —— DE (followed by inf.) to have just
ACARREO m. carriage, transportation
ACASO adv. perhaps
ACAUDALADO -A adj. abundant, copious, of great volume; wealthy, opulent
ACAUDILLAR v. to lead
ACEBO m. holly
ACEITE m. oil
ACERCA prep. about, concerning; —— DE about, in regard to
ACERCAR v. to draw near; to bring together
ACERO m. steel
ACONTECER v. to happen
ACONTECIMIENTO m. event
ACORDAR v. to agree; ——-SE DE to remember, to keep in mind
ACORDE adj. conformable, according
ACRECENTAR v. to increase
ACTO m. act; ceremony, function
ACTUAL adj. present, actual
ACTUALMENTE adv. at present
ACUERDO m. accord, resolution; DE —— CON in harmony with, according to
ACUÑAR v. to coin
ADAGIO m. proverb, adage
ADECUADO -A adj. adequate, fit, suitable
ADELANTAR v. to advance; to make progress
ADELANTO m. advance, progress
ADEMÁS adv. besides, moreover
ADMIRACIÓN f. surprise, wonder
ADQUIERE see ADQUIRIR
ADQUIRIR v. to acquire, to obtain
ADUANA f. custom-house, DERECHO DE —— customs duty
ADVERTIR v. to observe, to note, to warn
AFAMADO -A adj. famous, noted
AFICIÓN f. affection, liking
AFILADO -A adj. sharp
AFLUENTE m. tributary (of a river)
AFLUIR v. to flow into
AFORTUNADAMENTE adv. fortunately
AGOBIAR v. to oppress, to overwhelm
AGOTAR v. to exhaust
AGRADABLE adj. pleasant, agreeable
AGREGAR v. to collect, to add
AGRÍCOLA adj. agricultural
AGRIMENSOR m. surveyor
AGUA f. water; ——S ARRIBA up the stream
AGUACATE m. alligator pear
AGUANTE m. endurance
AGUDO -A adj. sharp, keen; brisk, active
AGUJERO m. hole, opening
AHORA adv. now
AHUYENTAR v. to put to flight
AISLAR v. to isolate; to insulate
AJEDREZ m. chess; PIEZA DE —— chessman
ALAMEDA f. walk, promenade, mall
ALBA f. dawn
ALBO -A adj. white
ALCANZAR v. to reach, to attain, to acquire; to overtake, to catch up with
ALDEA f. village
ALEGRE adj. happy, gay
ALEMÁN, ALEMANA adj. German
ALGODÓN m. cotton
ALIMENTO m. food, nourishment
ALMA f. soul
ALMENDRA f. almond; —— DE CACAO cocoa bean
ALMIAR m. haystack
ALMIRANTE m. admiral
ALMORZAR v. to breakfast; to lunch
ALMUERZO m. breakfast, luncheon
ALOJAR v. to lodge, to house
ALPISTE m. canary seed
ALQUILER m. rent, rental
ALREDEDOR adv. around; ——ES m. pl. environs, suburbs
ALTERAR v. to change, to affect
ALTIPLANICIE f. tableland
ALTO -A adj. high; loud; EL —— O AMAZONAS the upper Amazon; m. height; PASAR POR —— to overlook, to pay no attention to
ALUMBRAR v. to light, to illuminate
ALUMNO -A m. and f. pupil, student; —— INTERNO -A boarding of pupil
ALUVIÓN m.. alluvium
ALZAR v. to raise; ——SE to rise, to tower
ALLÁ adv. there; MÁS —— DE beyond
ALLÍ adv. there
AMARILLENTO -A adj. yellowish
AMBOS -AS adj. pl. both
AMBULANTE adj. traveling, itinerant
AMENO -A adj. pleasant, delicious
AMISTOSO -A adj. friendly
AMORFO -A adj. amorphous
AMPLIAR v. to enlarge, to increase
AMPLIO -A adj. plentiful, extensive, large, ample
AMUEBLAR v. to furnish
ANCA f. haunch
ANCHO -A adj. broad, large
ANCHUROSO -A adj. wide
ANGOSTO -A adj. narrow, close
ANHELO m. zeal, eagerness; anxiety
ANIMAR v. to animate, to encourage
ANIQUILAR v.to annihilate
ANTERIOR adj. former, previous
ANTES adv. before, beforehand
ANTIGÜEDAD f. antiquity; ——ES relics
ANTIGUO -a adj. antique, ancient, old
ANTRACITA f. anthracite coal
ANULAR v. to annul
AÑADIR v. to add to, join
AÑIL m. indigo plant; indigo blue
AÑO m. year
APADRINAR v. to act as godfather to; to patronize, to protect
APARECER v. to appear
APARIENCIA f. appearance
APARTE adv. apart, separately; —— DE besides
APENAS adv. scarcely, hardly
APETECER v. to long for, to seek
APILAR v. to heap, to pile up
APLICAR v. to apply, to attribute
APOGEO m. zenith, highest point of power
APRECIAR v. to appreciate, to prize
APRESAR v. to seize, to grasp, to capture
APROVECHAR v. to use; to become useful; to progress; ——SE to profit by, to take advantage of
APROXIMAR(SE) v. to approach
AQUÍ adv. here
ARAÑA f. spider
ARBITRAJE m. arbitration
ÁRBITRO m. arbiter
ÁRBOL m. tree
ARBUSTO m. shrub
ARDIENTE adj. ardent, hot, fiery
ARDUO -A adj. arduous, difficult
ARENA f. sand
ARENAL m. sandy tract
ARMADA f. fleet, navy
ARRABAL m. suburb; ——ES environs
ARRANCAR v. to root out, to draw out; to wrench; to begin
ARREGLAR v. to regulate, to settle, to arrange
ARREGLO m. rule, arrangement; CON —— A according to
ARRENDAR v. to lease
ARRIBA adv. above, up, upstairs
ARRIBAR v. to arrive, to reach
ARRIENDA see ARRENDAR
ARROZ m. rice
ÁRTICO, -A adj. arctic, glacial
ASAMBLEA f. assembly, meeting
ASEAR v. to clean
ASEGURAR v. to assure
ASEMEJAR(SE) v. to resemble
ASERRADERO m. sawmill
ASÍ adv. thus, so; —— COMO as well as
ASIENTO m. seat
ASIGNATURA f. subject, study, course of study
ASIMILABLE adj. adaptable, capable of assimilation
ASIMISMO adv. likewise
ASISTIR v. to be present; to assist
ASSUCAR (Port.) m. sugar
ASUMIR v. to assume
ATACAR v. to attack
ATAQUE m. attack
ATAVIAR v. to dress, to adorn
ATENAS pr. Athens
ATENEO m. athenaeum
ATENERSE v. to abide by; to stick to
ATRACTIVO, -A adj. attractive; m. attraction
ATRAVESAR v. to cross, to go through; to go near
ATRAVIESA see ATRAVESAR
ATRAYENTE adj. attractive
ATREVER(SE) v. to dare, to venture
ATRIBUIR v. to attribute
ATRIBUYE see ATRIBUIR
AULA f. lecture hall, classroom
AUMENTAR v. to increase, to augment
AUN adv. yet, still; —— CUANDO although
AURÍFERO, -A adj. gold-bearing
AUTÓNOMO, -A adj. free, autonomous
AUXILIO m. aid, help
AVANZAR v. to advance, to attack
AVENA f. oats
AVENIDA f. avenue
AVIADOR m. aviator
AYUDAR v. to aid, to help
AZÚCAR m. sugar
AZUFRE m. sulfur

B

BAHIA (Port.) f. bay
BAHÍA f. bay, harbor
BAJO, -A adj. low; -O adv. and prep. under, below
BALDE m. bucket; EN —— IN vain
BALNEARIO m. watering place; beach (Amer.)
BALUARTE m. bulwark
BAMBÚ m. bamboo
BANANA f. banana (the fruit)
BANANO m. banana (the plant)
BANDA f. band, strip
BANDERA f. flag, banner
BAÑAR v. to bathe
BAÑO m. bath
BARNIZ m. varnish
BARRENO m. drill; blast-hole
BARRER v. to sweep
BARRERA f. barrier
BARRIL m. barrel
BARRIO m. district, ward
BASE f. basis, base
BASTANTE adj. enough, considerable; adv. enough, considerably
BATALLA f. battle
BAYA f. berry, fruit
BEBIDA f. drink
BECA f. fellowship, pension, scholarship
BECERRO m. calf; calfskin
BELGA adj. Belgian
BELICOSO, -A adj. warlike
BELLEZA f. beauty
BELLO, -A adj. handsome, fine; -AS ARTES fine arts
BENEFICIAR v. to benefit, to cultivate; to accommodate
BENEFICIO m. benefit; profit
BERILO m. beryl
BESTIA f. beast; —— DE CARGA beast of burden
BETÚN m. bitumen; —— PARA ZAPATOS shoe-blacking
BIBLIOTECA f. library BIEN adv. well; SI —— although; ——ES m. pl. property, estate
BIENESTAR m. well-being
BISMUTO m. bismuth
BLANCO -A adj. white
BLANDO -A adj. soft
BLANQUEAR v. to bleach, to whiten
BOCA f. mouth
BOLSA f. purse; stock exchange
BOLSILLO m. pocket, purse
BOMBERO m. fireman
BOMBILLA f. small tube
BONAERENSE adj. of Buenos Aires
BONDADOSO -A adj. kind, bountiful
BORDE m. border
BORDO m. board
BORRICO m. donkey
BOSQUE m. forest
BOSQUEJO m. sketch, outline
BOTELLA f. bottle
BOTÓN m. button
BRANCO (Port.) adj. white
BRAZO m. arm
BREA f. pitch
BREVE adj. brief
BRINDAR v. to offer; to toast; to invite
BRISA f. breeze
BRITÁNICO -A adj. British
BRONCE m. bronze
BUQUE m. ship; —— TRANSPORTE transport
BUSCAR v. to seek, to look for
BUSQUE see BUSCAR

C

CABALLERO m. gentleman
CABALLO m. horse; A —— on horseback; —— DE FUERZA horse-power
CABER v. to be able to contain, to be contained; to have room
CABEZA f. head
CABO m. end, handle; cape
CABRA f. goat
CABRITILLA f. kid; kid-skin
CABRITO m. kid
CACAHUAL m. cacao plantation
CADA adj. each; —— VEZ MÁS more and more
CADENA f. chain
CAFEÍNA f. caffeine
CAFETAL m. coffee plantation
CAFETO m. coffee tree
CAJA f. box, case
CALABAZA f. squash
CÁLCULO m. calculation
CALICHE m. sodium nitrate
CALIDAD f. quality, condition, character
CÁLIDO -A adj. warm, hot
CALIENTE adj. warm, hot
CALIFICAR v. to qualify, to discriminate, to describe
CALIFIQUE see calificar
CALOR m. heat
CALUROSO -A adj. warm; vehement
CALZADA f. road, highway
CALZADO m. footwear
CALLE f. street
CÁMARA f. chamber, legislative body
CAMBIAR v. to change
CAMBIO m. change, exchange; EN —— on the other hand
CAMELLO m. camel
CAMINAR v. to travel
CAMINO m. road, way
CAMISA f. shirt
CAMPAÑA f. campaign
CAMPESTRE adj. country, rural
CAMPO m. field, country
CANOA f. canoe
CANSANCIO m. fatigue
CANTIDAD f. quantity
CAÑA f. cane, reed; —— DE AZÚCAR sugar-cane
CAÑONERO m. gunboat
CAOBA f. mahogany
CAOLÍN m. kaolin, china-clay
CAPA f. covering, layer, stratum
CAPILLA f. chapel
CAPITANÍA f. captaincy, military province
CÁPSULA f. capsule, pod
CAPULLO m. bud
CARA f. face; LOS CARAS a tribe of Indians
CARBÓN m. coal; —— DE PIEDRA anthracite coal
CARECER v. to lack
CARENAR v. to careen; to careen and calk
CARGA f. load, freight, cargo
CARGAMENTO m. cargo, shipment
CARGO m. load, weight; office, honor; A —— DE in charge of
CARIÑO m. affection
CARNE f. meat, flesh
CARNERO m. sheep
CARRERA f. race; course; profession, career
CARRETA f. long, narrow cart
CARRUAJE m. vehicle, carriage
CASA f. house, building, edifice
CASACIÓN f. repeal; CORTE DE —— court of appeals
CASCAJO m. gravel
CASI adv. almost
CATACAO f. headdress
CAUCHO m. rubber, caoutchouc
CAUDAL m. property, stock, fortune, treasure; abundance
CAUDALOSO -A adj. abundant, copious
CAVAR v. to dig, to excavate
CAZADOR m. hunter
CEBADA f. barley
CEDER v. to cede, to yield
CEDRO m. cedar
CÉDULA f. charter CEIBA f. ceiba, silk-cotton tree
CEILÁN pr. Ceylon
CENTAVO m. hundredth part (of a dollar); cent
CENTENAR m. hundred
CERCA f. inclosure, hedge, fence; adv. near, close by; —— DE near, nearly
CERDO m. pig, hog
CERRO m. hill, mount
CERVEZA f. beer, ale
CIENCIA f. science
CIENTO adj. hundred; POR —— per cent
CIERTO -A adj. certain, sure, true
CIMA f. summit, peak, top
CINEMATÓGRAFO m. cinematograph, motion-picture show
CIRCUNDAR v. to surround
CISPLATINO -A adj. cisplatine, beyond the Plata
CITAR v. to quote; to summon; to make an appointment
CIUDAD f. city
CIUDADANO m. citizen
CLARO -A adj. clear, bright, light, transparent
CLIMA m. climate
CLIMATOLÓGICO -A adj. climatic
COBRAR v. to recover; to collect; to receive
COBRE m. copper
COCA f. coca (the shrub, the leaves, or the juice)
COCO m. coconut; coconut palm
COCHE m. coach, carriage
COGER v. to take
COLECTIVIDAD f. group
COLEGA m. colleague
COLEGIO m. school, college
COLGAR v. to hang, to suspend
COLINA f. hill, height
COLINDANTE adj. adjacent, bordering on
COLMILLO m. eye tooth, tusk
COLOCAR v. to place
COLONIZAR v. to colonize
COLONO m. colonist, settler, planter
COLORADO -A adj. red
COMARCA f. district, territory
COMENZAR v. to commence, to begin
COMER v. to eat; to dine
COMERCIANTE m. merchant, trader
COMESTIBLE adj. edible; m. pl. food, eatables
COMIENZA see COMENZAR
COMISARÍA f. commissariat
COMO conj. and adv. as, like; —— QUIERA QUE although, however, since
CÓMO adv. how
COMODIDAD f. convenience, comfort
COMPENSAR v. to compensate for
COMPETENCIA f. competition
COMPONER v. to mend; to compose; ——SE to be composed
COMPRAR v. to buy
COMPRENDER v. to embrace, to comprise, to comprehend
COMPRIMIR v. to compress
COMPUESTO, -A adj. compound, composed (of); also see COMPONER
CONCEBIR v. to conceive
CONCIBIÓ see CONCEBIR
CONCURRIDO, -A adj. well attended, frequented
CONDENAR v. to condemn
CONDUCIR v. to conduct, to convey, to guide
CONDUJERA see CONDUCIR
CONFERIR v. to confer, to grant
CONFIAR v. to confide, to trust
CONFINAR v. to confine; —— CON to border upon
CONFIRIÓ see CONFERIR
CONFORME adj. alike, corresponding; —— A consistent with
CONGELAR v. to freeze
CONGENIAR v. to be congenial, to sympathize
CONJUNTO, -A adj. connected; m. whole; EN —— as a whole
CONOCEDOR m. connoisseur, expert
CONOCER v. to know, to be acquainted with
CONQUISTAR v. to conquer, to subdue
CONSAGRAR v. to consecrate, to devote
CONSEGUIR v. to attain, to obtain; to succeed
CONSEJO m. counsel, advice; council
CONSERVAR v. to maintain, to preserve, to keep
CONSIGUIENTE m. consequence; POR —— consequently
CONSTAR v. to be clear, to be evident
CONSTITUIR v. to constitute, to establish, to make
CONTADO, -A adj. rare
CONTAR v. to count, to relate; —— CON to count upon; to possess
CONTENDIENTE m. disputant
CONTENER v. to contain
CONTENGA see CONTENER
CONTESTAR v. to reply, to answer
CONTIENDA f. struggle
CONTORNO m. environs, vicinity
CONTRA prep. against, across
CONTRIBUCIÓN f. tax
CONVENIENTE adj. suitable, adaptable; proper; advisable
CONVENIR v. to suit, to agree; CONVIENE QUE it is advisable that
CONVERTIR v. to convert
CONVIENE see CONVENIR
CONVIERTE see CONVERTIR
CONVOCAR v. to convene, to call together
COQUE m. coke
CORAZÓN m. heart
CORDEL m. cord, rope; A —— in a straight line
CORDILLERA f. chain of mountains
CORDÓN m. cord, line; girdle
CORONAR v. to crown, to cap
CORREO m. post, mail, postoffice
CORRER v. to run, to flow
CORRESPONDER v. to correspond (to), to suit, to fit
CORRIENTE f. stream, current; adj. current
CORTANTE adj. sharp, cutting
CORTAR v. to cut
CORTE m. cut, cutting; sugar-cane harvest; court
CORTEZA f. bark
CORTO, -A adj. short
CORVO, -A adj. crooked, curved
COSA f. thing, object
COSECHA f. crop, harvest
COSTA f. coast, shore
COSTEAR v. to skirt, to go along the coast of
COSTO m. cost, price
COSTUMBRE f. custom, habit; DE —— usual
CREAR v. to create
CRECER v. to increase, to grow
CRECIENTE adj. growing, increasing
CRECIMIENTO m. growth, increase
CREER v. to believe
CREMA f. cream
CREPÚSCULO m. twilight (of either morning or evening)
CRÍA f. breeding, raising; —— DE GANADO cattle-raising
CRIADERO m. bed, deposit
CRIAR v. to breed, to raise
CRISTAL m. glass; glassware
CRÓNICA f. record, chronicle
CRUCERO m. cruiser
CRUZ f. cross
CRUZAR v. to cross; to cross the breed
CUADRADO, -A adj. square
CUADRO m. square; flower-bed; small park
CUAL pron. which, what; EL ——, LA ——, LOS ——ES, LAS ——ES who, which
¿CUÁL? pron. which? what?
CUALQUIER, CUALQUIERA pron. any one, any; whoever, whatever
CUANDO adv. when; AUN —— even though; —— MENOS at least
CUANTO, -A adj. as much, so much; -OS, -AS as many, so many; -O adv. as much; EN —— A as for
CUARENTENA f. quarantine
CUARTO, -A adj. fourth; m. room
CUBIERTA f. cover; deck of a ship
CUBIERTO see CUBRIR
CUBRIR v. to cover
CUCHARA f. spoon, ladle
CUCHILLO m. knife
CUELGAN see COLGAR
CUELLO m. neck, collar
CUENCA f. basin
CUENTA f. count, account; DAR —— DE to relate; also see CONTAR
CUERDA f. cord, string
CUERO m. skin, leather, rawhide
CUERPO m. body
CUESTA f. hill
CUIDAR v. to take care; to care for
CULTO m. worship; MINISTRO DE —— secretary of religious affairs
CUMBRE f. summit
CUNA f. cradle
CURAR v. to cure, to heal; to cure meat
CURTIR v. to tan
CURVO, -A adj. bent, crooked
CÚSPIDE f. summit, peak
CUYO, -A pron. whose

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