P
pabellón m. pavilion
paciencia f. patience
padecer suffer
padre m. father;
—s fathers, parents
pagar pay, pay for
pago m. payment
paguéis see pagar
país m. country, nation
paje m. page, attendant
palabra f. word, speech;
dirigir la — a address;
ofensa de — offense by word of mouth, spoken insult
palacio m. palace;
en Palacio in the Palace (the Royal Palace in Madrid)
paloma f. pigeon, dove
palpable palpable
Pandectas f. pl. Pandects see note [100.3]
Pantalón m. Pantaloon see page 119
papá m. papa, father
papel m. paper, securities;
rôle
papelote m. (aug. of papel) big paper, paper (depreciative)
par m. pair, couple
par equal;
abierto de — en — wide open
para for, to;
— + inf. (in order) to, to;
— ese día by that day;
leer — sí read to oneself;
— Orden público to be a policeman;
— soldado to be a soldier;
— que in order that, that;
for other expressions containing para see Notes and other headings in this vocabulary
parado, -a stopping, standing;
see parar
parar stop, stay, live;
see parado
parcial partial
parecer m. appearance, looks;
al — apparently;
see below
parecer appear, seem;
—se a resemble, look like;
¿qué os parece? what do you think?
no parece sino que it seems that you only;
¿no te parece? don't you think so?
pareja f. pair, couple
parezca see parecer
pariente m. relative, cousin
París m. Paris
parte f. part, portion, share;
place, side, direction;
party (in a lawsuit);
de — de on behalf of, on the part of;
de mi — on my part;
de su (vuestra) — on his (their, your) behalf or side;
de — suya on his part or behalf;
por — de on the part of;
por mi — for my part, as far as I am concerned;
no... por — de ninguno not... on anybody's part;
de cada — on each side;
por otra — moreover;
de otras —s from other places or directions;
en todas —s everywhere;
no... en — alguna not... anywhere;
¿de qué —? on which side?
dar su — a give (something) its due, recognize the importance of (something);
ser — en have a share in, have a hand in
particular particular, private
particularmente privately
partida f. game
partido m. (political) party;
match
pasado, -a past;
— mañana the day after to-morrow;
el verano — last summer;
see pasar
pasar pass, spend, give, hand;
feel, endure;
go, proceed, enter, come in;
happen;
— cuidado worry;
— por pass for, be considered;
go through, stand, endure;
me estoy pasando I'm becoming passée, I'm growing old;
see pasado
pasear promenade, walk, stroll
pasillo m. (dim. of paso) passage, corridor
pasión f. passion
pasioncilla f. (dim. of pasión) trivial or fleeting passion
pasmarote m. person stunned by astonishment, graven image
paso m. passage, step;
dar un — take a step;
un — más one step further, another step
pastel m. pie;
— de liebre hare pie
patrimonio m. patrimony
pecar sin;
— de + adj. be too... ;
— por exceso sin by excess, go too far
pecuniario, -a pecuniary, monetary
pedir beg, demand, ask, ask for;
— cuenta de ask for an account of
pegar hit, strike;
fight, quarrel
peinadora f. hairdresser
peinar comb, dress (the hair)
peligro m. danger
peligroso, -a dangerous
pellejo m. skin, hide
pena f. difficulty, trouble, toil;
valer la — be worth the trouble, be worth while
penoso, -a toilsome, painful, difficult
pensamiento m. thought
pensar think, think about, expect, plan;
— en think of or about, expect to
peña f. rock, cliff;
Peñas Rojas Red Cliffs (name of an imaginary place)
peor adj. and adv. worse, worst
Pepe m. (fam. for José) Joe
Pepito m. (dim. of Pepe) little Pepe or Joe (it is best to retain the Spanish name)
pequeño, -a small, little;
en — on a small scale
percibir perceive, hear
perder lose, destroy, ruin;
— de vista lose sight of;
—se ruin oneself, be lost, come into disfavor
perdición f. perdition
perdiz f. partridge
perdón m. pardon
perdonar pardon, forgive
perfectamente perfectly
perfecto, -a perfect
perfil m. profile
periódico m. newspaper, journal
perjudicar injure;
decirse perjudicado call oneself injured
perjuicio m. injury, damage, harm;
sin — de without prejudice to, without (its) preventing (you) from
permanecer remain
permanencia f. stay, continuance
permitir permit, allow, let
pero but; see note [12.5]
perro m. dog
persa Persian
perseguir pursue
persigue see perseguir
persona f. person, individual;
—s also people;
— de crédito person of good character, responsible person;
— de valimiento person of influence
personaje m. personage, character
personal personal
personalidad f. personality
personalmente personally
perteneciente belonging
pertrechar equip
pesado, -a heavy, wearisome;
¡no seas —! don't be a nuisance;
see pesar
pesar m. sorrow, regret, concern;
a — de in spite of;
a — mío to my regret;
a nuestro — in spite of ourselves
pesar grieve, cause pain or regret see pesado
peseta f. peseta (a coin = about twenty cents)
pesimista pessimistic
peso m. weight
pez f. pitch, tar
piadoso, -a pious, merciful;
acogerse a lo — resort to pious means
Picardía f. Picardy
picardía f. knavery, roguery
pícaro m. knave, rogue
pícaro, -a rascally, roguish
pidamos see pedir
pid-o, -e, -en see pedir
pie m. foot;
de — on foot
piel f. skin
piens-e, -es, -e, -en see pensar
piens-o, -as, -a, -an see pensar
pierd-e, -en see perder
pintar paint, describe;
de lo vivo a lo pintado between life and painting
pintura f. painting, picture
placer please
plácido, -a placid, calm, tranquil
plan m. plan, scheme
¡plan! interj. used to imitate sound of drum
plano m. plane;
primer — fore-ground, forefront
plano, -a plain, level, even;
dar de — strike directly, hit squarely
planta f. sole of the foot, foot
plaza f. square, place;
— fuerte fortress, stronghold
plazca see placer
plazo m. term, time, delay, date or limit of payment
plebeyo, -a plebeian, common
plectro m. plectrum (for playing stringed instruments)
plenitud f. fulness
pluma f. pen
pobre poor, wretched, miserable;
el — the poor man;
los —s the poor;
— de ambiciones lacking in ambition;
¡— de mí! poor me!
pobrecito, -a (dim. of pobre) poor;
¡—! poor fellow!
pobrete (dim. of pobre) poor;
los —s the poor
poco, -a little, a little, but little;
adv. also very little, not very;
—s few, a few;
al or en — tiempo in a short time;
a — after a little while, soon;
— a — little by little, gradually, slowly;
— más o menos more or less, about;
gentecilla de — más o menos people of little account;
un — de a little
poder m. power, hands
poder be able;
can, may;
no — con be unable to stand;
tanto — be able to do so much, be so powerful
poderoso, -a powerful;
los —s the powerful, the mighty
podr-é, -ás, -á, -án see poder
podría see poder
poema m. poem
poesía f. poetry
poeta m. poet
poético, -a poetic
Polichinela m. Punch;
estos viejos polichinelas these old clowns;
see page 119
política f. politics
político, -a political
pon see poner
ponderación f. consideration, praise, eulogy, talk
pondr-é, -á see poner
poner put, put on, place, set;
put in, fix, arrange;
charge;
— lo blanco negro make white seem black;
— en evidencia make clear, make known, demonstrate, set forth;
— en juego put into play;
— de largo put long dresses on;
— de mal humor put into a bad humor;
— la mesa set the table;
— en ocasión de put in a position to, give the opportunity to;
— orden en put in order, set straight;
— en ridículo make a fool of;
— me a riesgo de run the risk of my;
— sospecha en cast suspicion upon;
—se become, get;
put on;
—se de acuerdo come to an agreement;
—se al alcance de get within reach of;
—se en ridículo make a fool of oneself;
poned sesenta make it sixty
pong-a, -áis see poner
pongo see poner
popularidad f. popularity
populoso, -a populous
por for, in exchange for, by, through, about, on account of, for the sake of;
— + inf. through, because of;
in order to;
— + adj. or adv. que however, although;
— noble que sea however noble she may be;
— que in order that;
¿— qué? why?
no tener — qué have no reason to;
— sí by himself;
— lo tanto therefore;
for other expressions containing por see Notes and other headings in this vocabulary
porque because
portero m. porter, janitor
porvenir m. future
posada f. inn, lodging house
posible possible;
todo lo — everything possible
posición f. position
postrimería f. last period of life;
—s last years
potaje m. porridge, stew
practicable practicable, feasible;
puerta — door that opens and shuts (in stage setting)
práctico, -a practical
preceder precede
precio m. price, value
precisamente precisely, exactly, just
preciso, -a necessary
preferible preferable
preferir prefer
pregunta f. question
preguntar ask, question
prelado m. prelate
prendar pledge, charm;
—se de take a fancy to
prender seize, arrest;
pin, fix, set;
take root, catch, be catching
preocupación f. worry, care
preparado, -a prepared, ready;
see preparar
preparar prepare;
see preparado
presencia f. presence, appearance
presenciar witness
presentar present, introduce, exhibit, give
presente present, at hand;
de — at present, now
presidente m. presiding officer, chairman, president
presidir preside, preside over
prestar lend, offer;
—se a lend or offer oneself to, be ready or willing to
presumir presume;
— de boast of
presunción f. presumption
presupuesto m. estimate, budget;
—s estimates, budget
pretender pretend (to), expect (to), claim (to); try (to), attempt (to);
woo, court
pretexto m. pretext
prevenido, -a prepared, provided, foreseen;
see prevenir
prevenir prepare, notify;
see prevenido
previno see prevenir
previo, -a previous, prior
previsión f. foresight
prima f. cousin
primeramente first, in the first place
primer(o), -a first;
lo — the first thing;
de buenas a primeras suddenly
primero adv. first, at first
primitivo, -a primitive, early
primo m. cousin
princesa f. princess;
Teatro de la Princesa see page 113
principal principal
príncipe m. prince
principio m. beginning, start;
principle;
a —s de at the beginning of
prisa f. hurry, haste;
de — hurriedly, fast
privación f. privation
privanza f. protection, favor
privar deprive;
—se de deprive oneself of, go without
privilegio m. privilege
probabilidad f. probability
probar try, test, prove
proceder proceed
procedimiento m. proceeding, legal procedure
proceso m. process, case, lawsuit
proclamar proclaim, declare
producción f. production
profesor m. professor, teacher
prólogo m. prologue, introduction
promesa f. promise
prometer promise;
see prometido
prometido m. betrothed, fiancé
pronosticar predict
pronto, -a prompt, quick, fast, ready
pronto adv. quickly, soon, early;
¡—! quick!
de — suddenly
propicio, -a propitious
propio, -a proper, suitable;
own;
self;
— de suited to, befitting, characteristic of;
propia alabanza self-praise;
el — Aretino Aretino himself;
sí — himself, herself etc.
proponer propose;
—se purpose, plan, propose
proporcionar supply, provide with, furnish
proposición f. proposition, proposal
propósito m. purpose, intention, object, occasion;
a — by the way;
¿a qué —? with what purpose?
propuesto see proponer
prosa f. prose
proscenio m. proscenium, front (of the stage);
see note [39.1]
protocolo m. protocol, record, document
provecho m. profit, advantage, benefit;
con — profitably, to advantage
proveer de provide with, supply with
provincia f. province;
de — provincial
provisión f. provision, filling
provocar provoke, arouse, cause
proyecto m. project, plan
prudente prudent, wise
prueba f. proof
prueba see probar
publicación f. publication
publicar publish
público m. public
pudding m. (Eng.) pudding
pud-e, -iste, -o, -ieron see poder
pud-iera, -iéramos see poder
pueblo m. town, village;
populace, people, common people
pueda see poder
pued-o, -es, -e, -en see poder
puente m. bridge;
Puente Nuevo see note [39.3]
puerta f. door
puerto m. port, harbor;
llegar a buen — reach a safe port or haven of refuge
pues well, then, so
puesto m. post, place
puesto see poner
pulcro, -a neat, graceful
punta f. point;
en — pointed
punto m. point, dot, spot, place;
al — immediately, straightway;
estar a — de be on the point of;
estar en su — be at its height
puntualizar give a detailed account of, tell in detail, specify
puntuar punctuate
puramente purely, simply, merely
pureza f. purity, simplicity
puro, -a pure, simple
pus-e, -o, -imos, -ieron see poner
Q
que rel. pron. who, which, that;
el, la, los, las — who, which, that;
the one who, he who, etc.;
lo — that which, what;
see lo
¿qué? what?
¡—! what! what a! how!
¿a —? for what? for what purpose? why?
¡— de! how many!
¿por —? why?
no tener por — have no reason to;
no sé — something or other
que adv. than, as
que conj. that; for, because; until;
es — the fact is that, it's because;
no es — it isn't that, it isn't because;
for other meanings and uses see Notes and other headings in this vocabulary
quebrantar break
quedar remain, stay, be left, be;
— + p. p. remain, be;
— bien (mal) con remain or be on good (bad) terms with;
— en agree to;
— en cuidado be anxious;
—se remain, stay;
—se sin remain without, lose;
no me quedan otros medios I have no other means left
queja f. complaint
quejarse complain;
— de complain of
querella f. complaint, dispute
querellante m. complainant, disputant
querer want, wish, desire;
— a love, like;
— decir mean;
¡quiera el Cielo! may heaven grant!
quisiera I should like;
see querido
querido, -a beloved, dear;
see querer
querrás see querer
quien who, whom;
the one who, he who, etc.;
hay — dice there are some who say, it is said
¿quién? who? whom?
quier-as, -a see querer
quier-o, -es, -e, -en see querer
quis-e, -iste, -o, -ieron see querer
quis-iera, -iéramos, -ierais, -ieran see querer
quitar take, take away, rob
R
rabia f. rage, wrath, anger
rabiar rage;
— por long eagerly to
Ramón m. Raymond
¡ran! (interj. used to imitate sound of drum)
rápido, -a rapid, quick, swift
raro, -a rare, uncommon, extraordinary
raso m. satin
rastrear rake
¡rataplán! (interj. used to imitate sound of drum)
rayar border on, begin;
rayaba el día day was breaking
razón f. reason, right, justice;
cause, motive;
razones words, talk, argument;
hablar en — talk sensibly or logically;
ser — be right or proper;
tener — be right;
tener más — be more correct;
tener mucha — be quite right
razonable reasonable, fair, just
real royal;
Teatro Real see note [5.3]
realidad f. reality, truth
realista realistic
realizar realize
realmente really
rebajar lower, cheapen
recibir receive
recitar recite
recobrar recover
recoger gather, collect, pick up, take up, adopt, accept
recomendación f. recommendation
recomendar recommend
recompensar reward
reconocer recognize
recordar remember, recall, recollect;
— de remember
recuerd-as, -a see recordar
recuerdo m. remembrance, recollection, memory, souvenir
recurso m. recourse, resource
redimir redeem
reducir reduce
referir tell, relate, report
refinar refine
refirió see referir
reflexionar reflect
regalar make presents, present, give
regalito m. (dim. of regalo) small present, little gift
regalo m. present, gift;
comfort, luxury
regañar quarrel
región f. region
registrar search, examine
regocijado, -a merry, joyful, festive
regocijo m. joy, gladness, merriment, rejoicing
regreso m. return
regular regular, common, average;
por lo — usually, as a rule
rehacer remake, make again, repair
reino m. realm, kingdom
reír laugh;
—se laugh, scoff;
—se de laugh at
relación f. relation
relativo, -a relative
relucir shine;
salir a — come to light
remar row
remedio m. remedy, help;
¡qué —! what remedy!
what else is to be done!
remo m. oar
rendirse give oneself up, yield, submit
renegar de renounce, disown
renovar renew
renunciar a renounce, give up
reñir quarrel, scold
reparación f. reparation, amends
reparar repair, compensate, indemnify, make amends for;
— en hesitate at, stop for; notice
reparto m. distribution, cast of characters
replicar reply
reponer replace, restore, recover
reposo m. repose, rest
reprender reprove, scold
representación f. representation, performance
representante m. representative
representar represent, perform
reprochar reproach, blame, blame for
reproducción f. reproduction
repugnar a be repugnant to, oppose;
le repugna... he dislikes...
reputación f. reputation
requerir require
residir reside
resignación f. resignation
resignaos (resignad + os)
resignar resign, give up;
—se a resign oneself to, submit to;
—se con resign oneself to, make up one's mind to endure
resistir resist, stand, endure
resolución f. resolution, determination
resolver resolve, solve, decide
respecto a (or de) with respect to
respeto m. respect, consideration;
guardar — show respect
resplandor m. light, splendor, brilliancy, radiance
responder respond, answer
resultado m. result
resultando see note [85.3]
resultar result, follow
retardado, -a retarded, old-fashioned
retirar withdraw;
—se retire, withdraw
retroceder retreat, draw back
reunir collect;
—se meet, collect, come together
reverencia f. reverence, bow
reverenciar revere, venerate
revolucionario, -a revolutionary
rico, -a rich
ridiculizar ridicule
ridículo m. ridicule;
poner en — make a fool of;
ponerse en — make a fool of oneself
ridículo, -a ridiculous
rí-es, -en see reír
riesgo m. risk, danger, peril;
ponerme a — de run the risk of my
rigurosamente strictly
río m. river
riqueza f. riches, wealth
riquísimo, -a extremely rich, very rich
¡ris! (interj. used to imitate sound of sword cutting)
risa f. laughter;
—s bursts of laughter, laughter
Risela f. no English equivalent
risueño, -a smiling;
el — the smiling man, merry person
robar rob, steal
robo m. robbery
rodear surround
rodeo m. winding, turn, circumlocution, evasion;
no andar con —s be too outspoken, take too many liberties
rogar ask, beg, beseech
rojo, -a red;
Peñas Rojas Red Cliffs (name of an imaginary place)
romancesco, -a romantic
romanticismo m. romanticism
romántico, -a romantic
romper break, destroy, tear up
rosa f. rose
rubio, -a fair, blonde
ruboroso, -a blushing, bashful
rufián m. ruffian
ruido m. noise, uproar
ruin mean, vile, base
ruina f. ruin, destruction
ruindad f. meanness, baseness
ruinmente meanly, basely
ruinoso, -a ruinous, worthless
Ruiz no English equivalent
S
saber m. knowledge
saber know, understand, learn;
know how to, can;
— cómo know how to;
no sé qué something or other;
no, que yo sepa not that I know of
sabiamente wisely
sabiduría f. wisdom
sabio m. wise man, learned man, sage
sabor m. savor, taste, flavor
sabr-é, -ás, -á, -emos, -éis see saber
sabr-ía see saber
sacar take out, remove;
clear, free, help out;
take;
get, secure, obtain;
— testimonio take testimony
sacrificar sacrifice
sacrificio m. sacrifice
sagaz sagacious, cunning
sagrado, -a sacred, holy
sal see salir
sala f. room
saldr-é, -ás, -á, -emos see salir
salga see salir
salgo see salir
salir go out, go away, leave, depart, escape;
get out;
enter, exit (used on stage);
— a take after, resemble;
— a relucir come to light;
— adelante get ahead, get out, emerge, escape
salón m. parlor, reception room;
cronista de salones society reporter
salteador m. highwayman;
— de caminos highwayman
saltear assault, attack
salud f. health;
¡—! to your health!
saludar salute, greet
saludo m. salutation, greeting, bow
salvar save;
—se save oneself, escape
salvo, -a saved, safe
santo m. saint
santo, -a holy, sacred
saque see sacar
sastre m. tailor
sátira f. satire
satírico, -a satirical
satirizar satirize
satisfacción f. satisfaction
satisfacer satisfy, content, please
satisfaga see satisfacer
satisfecho, -a satisfied
sayón m. cruel person, barbarian
se himself, herself, itself, yourself, themselves, yourselves;
each other;
to himself, etc.;
to him, to her, etc.
sé see saber
se-a, -as, -áis, -an see ser
secretario m. secretary
secreto m. secret
secreto, -a secret, confidential
seguida f. succession;
en — at once, immediately
seguir follow, continue, go on;
— + pres. part. go on, continue, be;
— adelante go ahead;
sigues equivocado you are still mistaken
según prep. according to;
conj. according as, just as, as
segundo, -a second;
la segunda derecha, la segunda izquierda see note [39.1]
seguramente surely
seguridad f. security, safety, assurance
seguro, -a secure, safe, sure, certain, unfailing;
de — surely;
de — que + verb surely;
tener por — consider it certain, be sure, rest assured
selección f. selection
semejante similar, like, such
semejar resemble, be like
Senado m. Senate (corresponding approximately to the Senate in the United States)
sencillez f. simplicity
sencillo, -a simple
sensible sensitive, feeling
sentaos (sentad + os)
sentar seat, sit down;
— a become, suit, be suitable to;
—se sit down, be seated
sentencia f. sentence, decision, judgment, opinion
sentenciar sentence, pass judgment, condemn
sentencioso, -a sententious, pithy
sentido m. sense; direction;
sin — senseless, unconscious
sentimiento m. sentiment, feeling
sentir feel, realize;
regret, be sorry for;
—se feel;
mucho lo siento I am very sorry
seña f. sign, signal
señor m. sir, Mr.;
lord, master;
gentleman;
sometimes not translated, see note [24.1]
señora f. lady, Mrs., madam;
wife;
— de compañía companion
señoría f. lordship, mastery, power
señorita f. (dim. of señora) young lady, Miss
señorito m. (dim. of señor) young gentleman
sep-a, -amos, -an see saber
separar separate;
mostrar separado show separated or show separately
ser m. being, creature
ser be;
— de belong to;
become of;
— fuerza be necessary;
llegar a — come to be, become;
— parte en have a share in, have a hand in;
venir a — come to be, become;
es que the fact is that, it's because;
si eso fuera if that were the case;
si por él fuera if it depended on him;
o sea or in other words, or;
sea como sea however it may be, in any case;
sea quien sea whoever it may be;
¿qué será de mí? what will become of me?
serenidad f. serenity, calmness
seriamente seriously
serie f. series
serio, -a serious
servicio m. service, duty;
escalera de — back stairs
servidor m. servant
servidumbre f. service, servitude, attendance
servir serve, be fitted, be of use, help;
— de serve as, avail, be of use;
no — de nada a (de nada — a) be of no use to;
no — para be unsuited for;
ni sirve it isn't even of any help;
¿quién sirve? who is in attendance? who's there?
sesenta sixty
severo, -a severe, strict
si conj. if, whether;
why, well, indeed;
— acaso well, perhaps
sí adv. yes;
indeed, of course;
eso — yes indeed;
eso — que no certainly not that
sí (after prepositions) pron. himself, herself, itself, oneself, themselves;
en — mismo in oneself;
por — solo by itself
siempre always;
lo de — the constant or usual thing;
para — forever;
— que conj. whenever, provided that
sienta see sentar
sienta see sentir
sient-o, -e see sentir
sigamos see seguir
sigilo m. secrecy
siglo m. century, age
significar signify, mean
significación f. significance, meaning
sigo see seguir
sigu-es, -e see seguir
siguiente following, next;
al día — on the following or next day;
see seguir
siguiendo see seguir
silencio m. silence
Silvia f. Silvia
sillón m. armchair
simpatía f. sympathy
simpático, -a attractive
simple simple, artless, silly
sin without;
— embargo however, yet, nevertheless;
— que conj. without
sinceridad f. sincerity
singular singular, strange, extraordinary
sino but, except;
no hay — there is nothing to do but;
— que conj. but, except that;
no... — que only;
no parece — que it seems that you only
siquiera at least, even;
ni — not even
Sirena f. no English equivalent
sirv-a, -an see servir
sirv-es, -e, -en see servir
sirvió see servir
sistema m. system
sitio m. place, spot
situación f. situation
soberano, -a sovereign, preeminent
sobrar be more than enough;
me sobran razones I have more than enough reasons
sobre over, above, on, upon;
— todo above all, especially
sobreponerse a rise above, rise superior to
sobriedad f. sobriety
sobrina f. niece
sobrio, -a sober
socavar excavate, dig
social social
sociedad f. society;
crónica de — society news
socorrer help, aid, serve
sofocado, -a suffocated, out of breath;
cómo vengo de sofocada how out of breath I come
sois see ser
sol m. sun
soldada f. salary, wages, pay
soldado m. soldier;
para — to be a soldier
soler be accustomed to;
solía (he) used to
solicitar solicit entreat, request
solitario, -a solitary, lonely
soliviantar rouse
solo, -a sole, single, alone, only;
— de criada without a servant;
a solas alone
sólo adv. only;
no —... sino not only... but (also)
soltar unfasten, loosen, let go, give up;
sin — blanca without spending or paying a cent
solución f. solution
sombra f. shade, shadow
sombrero m. hat
somos see ser
son m. sound
son see ser
sonar sound, ring
soneto m. sonnet
sonreír smile
sonríe see sonreír
soñar dream, dream of, desire earnestly;
— con dream of or about, think about, indulge in
soportar endure, stand
sorpresa f. surprise
sosiego m. tranquillity, rest, calm
sospecha f. suspicion;
poner — en cast suspicion upon
sospechar de suspect
sostendr-á, -emos see sostener
sostener sustain, maintain, support, continue, keep up
soy see ser
su his, her, its, your, their
subir go up, come up, rise, ascend
sublime sublime
subvenir (a) assist, provide, supply
suceder happen;
¿qué os sucede? what is the matter with you?
lo que os sucede es que the trouble with you is that;
suceda lo que suceda happen what may, whatever may happen;
todo lo sucedido all that has happened
suceso m. event, happening
suegro m. father-in-law
suele see soler
suelo m. ground, earth
suene see sonar
sueño m. dream, vision;
por — through a dream or vision
sueñ-o, -a see soñar
suerte f. chance, luck;
fate, lot, destiny
suficiente sufficient, enough, clear, good, satisfactory;
lo — what is sufficient
suficientemente sufficiently, competently
sufrir suffer, stand, endure, allow
sujeto m. person, individual, fellow
suma f. sum, amount
sumar add;
amount to, foot up to
summa see note [93.1]
summum see note [93.1]
suntuosidad f. sumptuousness, splendor, luxury
suntuoso, -a sumptuous, luxurious
sup-e, -iste, -o, -isteis, -ieron, see saber
sup-iera, -ieras, -ierais see saber
superior superior, higher
supondrás see suponer
suponer suppose, think, imagine
supongamos see suponer
supongo see suponer
suposición f. supposition
supremo, -a supreme, highest
suprimir suppress, overcome
supuesto m. assumption;
por — of course
supuso see suponer
surgir rise, arise
suspender suspend, stop, cancel, put off
suspenso, -a suspended
suspirar sigh
suspiro m. sigh
sustituir substitute, replace
susurro m. whisper, murmur, rustle
sutil subtile, fine, slender
sutileza f. subtlety, nicety
suyo, -a his, her(s), its, their(s), your(s);
el — his, hers, etc.;
la suya his, hers, etc.;
los —s their men, their people
T
Tabarín m. see note [39.4]
tabla f. tablet, table;
las doce —s the twelve tables; see note [94.2]
tablado m. scaffold, platform
tal such, so, of such a nature;
otros —es the same kind of;
— vez perhaps
talento m. talent, intelligence
talión m. talion;
see note [100.1]
también also, too
tambor m. drum
tan so, as, such, such a
tanto, -a so much, so great, such, much;
tanto adv. so much, much;
—s so many, so great, such;
a —s at such and such a date;
— (... ) como as much as, the same as, as well as; not only... but (also)
otro — the same, just the same;
otros —s just as many;
por lo — therefore;
— tiempo so long (a time);
un — a certain sum;
tantas veces so many times, so often
tapia f. wall (made of mud)
tapiz m. tapestry
¡tararí! (interj. used to imitate sound of bugle)
tardanza f. tardiness, slowness, delay
tardar be late;
— en delay in, be long in, take a long time to;
—sele a uno en long to;
se me tarda en I long to
tarde f. afternoon, evening;
ayer por la — yesterday afternoon
tarde adv. late;
más — later
¡tarí! (interj. used to imitate sound of bugle)
tarjeta f. card
te you, to you, yourself
teatro m. theater, stage, drama, theatrical production;
— de la Comedia, — Lara, — de la Princesa, — Real see pages 107, 113, 117, and [5.3]
tejer weave
telón m. curtain (of a theater);
— corto drop curtain
tema m. theme
temblar tremble
temer fear
temor m. fear
temporada f. season, spell, time
temprano early
ten see tener
tendencia f. tendency
tender extend, stretch, spread out;
— a have the effect of
tendr-é, -ás, -á, -éis, -án see tener
tendr-ía, -ías, -íais, -ían see tener
teneos (tened + os)
tener have, hold, keep;
— tanto afán be so eager;
— cuenta bear in mind;
— en cuenta take into consideration;
— cuidado take care, be careful;
— mucho cuidado be very careful;
— más edad be older;
— envidia a be envious or jealous of;
—lo a gloria consider it a great honor;
— ocasión have the opportunity;
— que have to, must;
no — nada que decir have nothing to say;
— que ver have to do;
¿qué tiene que ver Pepe? what has Pepe to do with it? what business is it of Pepe's?
¡tendría que ver! that would be a fine thing!
¿qué tienes? what's the matter with you?
no — por qué have no reason to;
— queja de have a complaint to make of;
— razón be right;
— más razón be more correct;
— mucha razón be quite right;
— por seguro consider it certain, be sure, rest assured;
—se stop, halt
teng-a, -as, -áis see tener
tengo see tener
tensión f. tension
tercer(o), -a third
terciopelo m. velvet
terminar terminate, end
término m. term, boundary;
primer — foreground, front (of the stage), see note [39.1]
terquedad f. obstinacy
testarudo, -a stubborn, hard-headed
testigo m. witness
testimonio m. testimony
texto m. text
ti (after prepositions) you
tiembla see temblar
tiembles see temblar
tiempo m. time, weather;
al (or en) poco — in a short time;
a su — in their turn, at the proper time;
mucho — a long time;
hace mucho — a long time ago;
tanto — so long (a time)
tienda f. store, shop
tiende see tender
tien-es, -e, -en see tener
tierra f. earth, land;
correr — rove over the world
timbre m. bell
timidez f. timidity, shyness
tímido, -a timid, bashful, shy
tinglado m. shed, scaffolding
tino m. skill, judgment;
sin — without judgment, foolishly, absurdly, illogically
tío m. uncle
tipo m. type
tiranía f. tyranny
tiránico, -a tyrannical
tirar pull;
— de pull by
tocar touch;
play (an instrument);
—le a uno fall to
one's lot;
be or come one's turn;
nos toca el turno our turn comes
todavía still, yet, nevertheless, all the same
todo, -a all, every, whole;
todo pron. everything, anything;
—s all, everybody, anybody;
—s los every;
— el día the whole day;
— el mundo everybody;
— un a whole;
— un hombre a grown man;
a todas horas all the time;
ante — above all, first of all;
— lo posible everything possible;
— lo que everything or anything that, whatever;
sobre — above all, especially
toilette f. (Fr.) toilet, dress
tolerancia f. tolerance
tolerante tolerant
tolerar tolerate
tomar take;
— por su cuenta take upon oneself, take charge of;
—la con contradict, blame, criticize;
— en serio take seriously;
toma y daca give and take
tomo m. volume
tono m. tone, shade
tontería f. foolishness, folly, nonsense;
—s tomfooleries, nonsense
tonto m. fool
torpe dull, stupid
torpeza f. stupidity, piece of stupidity;
—s pieces of stupidity, stupidity
tozudez f. obstinacy
trabajar work, labor
trabajo m. work, labor, toil
tracemos see trazar
traducir translate
traer bring, carry;
— a mano carry by hand
traficante m. merchant, trader, bargainer
trágico, -a tragic
traición f. treachery
traigo see traer
traje m. dress, costume
traje-ron see traer
trajinante m. carter (humble traveler or huckster)
traj-o, -eron see traer
tramar plot, contrive
trance m. plight, situation, peril
tranquilidad f. tranquillity
tranquilizar pacify, reassure, quiet
tranquilo, -a tranquil, calm
transcendental transcendental
transeúnte m. passer-by
transformación f. transformation
transformar transform, change
transigir compromise
trapisonda f. snare, deception
trapo m. rag, tatter
tras after, behind
trascender transcend, go beyond limits
trasciende see trascender
tratar treat, deal with, have dealings with;
— de try, endeavor;
—se de be a question of, concern;
tratándose de usted when it concerns you
trato m. intercourse
través de, a across, through
travesura f. prank, trick, mischief
trazar trace, outline
tregua f. truce, respite;
dar — a give a rest to, stop using
treinta thirty
tremendo, -a terrible
trepar climb
tres three
tresillo m. tresillo (a game of cards)
Triberiano see note [94.3]
Triboniano Tribonian; see note [94.3]
tribulación f. tribulation, trial
triste sad, dreary
tristeza f. sadness, melancholy
triunfante triumphant
triunfar triumph
triunfo m. triumph, victory
trono m. throne
tropel m. crowd, horde
tropezar con stumble upon, come upon, run into, meet
truhán m. rascal, knave
truhanería f. rascality
tu your
tú you
turbar disturb
Turco m. Turk;
el Gran Turco the Great Turk, the Sultan
turco, -a Turkish
túrdiga f. strip of hide, strip
turno m. turn;
tercer — see note [5.5]
tuv-iera, -ieras see tener
tuvo see tener
tuyo, -a yours, of yours;
el tuyo, la tuya, etc. yours