[C] Doña Cecilia Böhl de Faber de Arrom (Fernán Caballero) was born in Switzerland in 1796, daughter of a merchant of Hamburg, Johann Nikolaus Böhl von Faber, and of a Spanish lady of Cádiz of noble family. Fernán Caballero knew both the Spanish and the German literatures. She outlived three husbands: Don Antonio Planells y Bardají (m. 1816), Don Francisco Ruiz de Arco, Marqués de Arco-Hermoso (m. 1822), and Don Antonio Arrom de Ayala (m. 1837, d. 1858). Died in 1877. Works: La gaviota (1848), called in the English version The Lost Beauty, Lágrimas (1858), La familia de Alvareda (1856), Una en otra (1861), Clemencia (1862), Cuadros de costumbres (1862), et al.
[D] See Modern Spanish Fiction, by Professor William Wistar Comfort of Cornell University, in the Atlantic Monthly, March, 1907.
[E] Don José María de Pereda, born February 6, 1833, at Polanco, near Santander. Studied in Santander and (engineering) in Madrid. Returned to live in Polanco. Carlist deputy to the Cortes in 1871, but found political life distasteful. Elected to the Spanish Academy in 1897. Died March 1, 1906. Works: Escenas montañesas (1864), Bocetos al temple (1877), Tipos trashumantes (1877), El buey suelto (1877), Don Gonzalo González de la Gonzalera (1878), Pedro Sánchez (1883), Sotileza (1884), La Montálvez (1888), La puchera (1889), Nubes de estío (1891), Al primer vuelo (1891), Peñas arriba (1895), Pachín González (1896), et al.
[F] Don Juan Valera y Alcalá Galiano, born in 1827 near Cordova, of illustrious family. Studied law at Málaga and Granada. Entered diplomacy, and was minister at Washington, Vienna, and elsewhere. Died in 1905. Works: Pepita Jiménez (1874), Las ilusiones del doctor Faustino (1875), El comendador Mendoza (1877), Doña Luz (1879), and many volumes of tales and of literary criticism.
[G] Don Pedro Antonio de Alarcón, born at Guadix in the Province of Granada, March 10, 1833 son of a poor country gentleman. Received the Bachelor's degree at Guadix, and studied law for a time at Granada. Entered journalism and politics and was deputy and senator. Enlisted as a volunteer in a war in Morocco. Elected to the Spanish Academy in 1875. Died July 19, 1891. Works: El final de Norma (1855), Diario de un testigo de la guerra de África (1860), El sombrero de tres picos (1874), El escándalo (1875), El niño de la bola (1880), Novelas cortas (1881), La pródiga (1881), El capitán Veneno (1881), Historia de mis libros (1884), et al.
[H] Don Antonio de Trueba, born in 1821, at Sopuerta in the Basque Provinces. Died in 1889. Works: Libro de los cantares (1852), Cuentos de color de rosa (1859), Cuentos campesinos (1860), Cuentos populares (1861), Narraciones populares (1874), Cuentos de vivos y muertos (1879), Nuevos cuentos populares (1880), et al.
[I] Don Narciso Campillo born in 1838 at Seville. Died in 1900. Works: Poesías (1858), Nuevas poesías (1867), Una docena de cuentos (1878), Nuevos cuentos (1881), et al. Campillo also collaborated in the collecting and writing of Chascarillos andaluces with Juan Valera, J. López Valdemoro and Dr. Thebussen.
[J] Don Benito Pérez Galdós, born May 10, 1845, at Las Palmas, Canary Islands. Attended the institute at Las Palmas, and in 1863 went to Madrid to read law. A republican deputy in the Cortes. Novels: Episodios nacionales (40 vols.), and about forty other novels, of which the most popular are: Trafalgar (1873), Zaragoza (1874), Doña Perfecta (1876), Gloria, 2 vols. (1877), Marianela (1878), La familia de León Roch, 3 vols. (1878). Fortunata y Jacinta, 4 vols. (1886), Miau (1888), Ángel Guerra, 3 vols. (1890-91), La loca de la casa (1892). Dramas: Los condenados, La fiera, Electra (1901), Alma y vida, Amor ó ciencia, Mariucha, et al. He has also dramatized the following of his novels: Realidad, La loca de la casa, La de San Quentín, Doña Perfecta, et al.
[K] Doña Emilia Pardo Bazán de Quiroga, born Sept. 16, 1851, at Coruña, in the province of Galicia. Married in 1868, and removed to Madrid. Works: articles of literary criticism, and Pascual López (1879), Un viaje de novios (1881). El cisne de Vilamorta (1885), Los Pazos de Ulloa (1886), La madre Naturaleza (1887), Insolación (1889), Morriña (1889), Una cristiana (1890), La prueba (1890), et al.
[L] Don Armando Palacio Valdés, born Oct. 4, 1853, at Entralgo, in the province of Asturias. His father was a lawyer, and his mother a member of an old family of landed gentry. Studied in Oviedo, and later read law in Madrid. Engaged in journalism as editor of the Revista Europea, and in the writing of prose fiction and critical works. Works: El Señorito Octavio (1881), Marta y María (1883), José (1883), La hermana San Sulpicio, 2 vols. (1889), La espuma, 2 vols. (1891), La fe (1892), Aguas fuertes, La aldea perdida, La alegría del capitán Ribot, et al.