[INDEX
to the plants contained in vol. v.]
[ERRATA.]
[Alphabetical Index to the 1st. 2d. 3d. 4th. and 5th. Volume of the Botanist’s Repository.]
Vol. V.
of the
Botanist’s Repository
Comprising
Colour’d Engravings
of
New and Rare Plants
ONLY
With Botanical Descriptions &c.
——in——
Latin and English,
after the
Linnæan System.
by
H. Andrews
Botanical Painter Engraver, &c.
PLATE CCLXXXIX.
PROTEA CORDATA.
Heart-shape-leaved Protea.
CLASS IV. ORDER I.
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Four Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Corolla 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, insertæ petalis infra apicem. Calyx, proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.
Blossom four-cleft or four petals. Tips linear, inserted into the petals below the ends. Cup, proper, none. Seeds solitary.
See Protea formosa, Pl. XVII. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Protea foliis cordatis.
Protea with heart-shaped leaves.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Floret before the petals have separated, natural
size.
2. The same, magnified, after the bursting of the petals.
3. The Pointal and Seed-bud, natural size.
The Heart-shape-leaved Protea was introduced to Britain in the year 1792, from the Cape of Good Hope, by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy; at whose nursery it is now, this present month of March, 1803, in flower for the first time in this country. The plant is only found on the mountains of that part of the Cape called Hottentots Holland; the stem, in its native state, laying on the ground, seldom more than a foot in length, and the flowers proceeding from it near its base. It is rather delicate, should be kept in a very airy part of the green-house, and planted in a light loamy soil. It is propagated by cuttings, made in the month of April, and kept under a common hand-glass, the pot being plunged in a shady border.
Of this Protea there is a good figure in Thunberg’s Dissertatio de Protea, Upsal, quarto edition, 1781, Plate 5, fig. 1.[Pg 3]
PLATE CCXC.
APONOGETON DISTACHYON.
Broad-leaved Aponogeton.
CLASS XI. ORDER IV.
DODECANDRIA TETRAGYNIA. Twelve Chives. Four Pointals.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx nullus, nisi squama spathacea externum latus floris cingens, simplex, sessilis, ovata, obtusa, integra, erecta, glabra, colorata.
Corolla nulla.
Stamina. Filamenta undecim ad novemdecim, superioribus floribus pauciora, intra spatham et capsulas inserta, subulata, glabra, alba, spatha multoties breviora. Antheræ erectæ, bifidæ.
Pistilla. Germina plerumque quatuor, raro tria seu quinque. Styli nulli. Stigmata subulata, incurvata.
Pericarpium. Capsulæ quatuor, rarius tres seu quinque, ovatæ, subulato-acutæ, exteriore latere gibbæ, interiore planæ, glabræ, unilocularis.
Semina, in quacumque capsula tria, basi capsula affixa, sessilia, obovata, obtusissima, sub-compressa, glabra.
Empalement none, except a sheathing scale surrounding the outer side of the flower, simple, sitting close, egg-shaped, obtuse, intire, upright, smooth, coloured.
Blossom none.
Chives. Threads eleven to nineteen, in the upper flowers fewer, inserted between the spathe and the capsules, awl-shaped, smooth, white, much shorter than the spathe. Tips upright, two-cleft.
Pointals. Seed-buds often four, seldom three or five. Shafts none. Summits awl-shaped, turned inwards.
Seed-vessel. Capsules four, seldom three or five, egg-shaped, pointed, awl-shaped, unequally swelled on the outside, flat on the inner, smoothed, one-celled.
Seeds in each capsule three, fixed to the base of it, sitting close, inversely egg-shaped, very blunt, rather flattish, smooth.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Aponogeton spica bifida; foliis eliptico-lanceolatis, natantibus; bracteis integris; floribus polyandris.
Aponogeton with a two-branched spike; leaves eliptically lance-shaped, floating; floral leaves entire; flowers with many chives.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Floret, with its floral leaf, magnified.
2. The Seed-buds and Summits, magnified.
This Genus of Plants in the Catalogue of the Kew Garden, is placed to the Class Heptandria, and perhaps, with as much propriety as where it now stands in Thunberg, Schreber, &c. for the number of chives in almost every floret differs in this, and all the other species, from six to twenty. It is there said to have been introduced to us in 1788 from the Cape of Good Hope by Mr. F. Masson. It is found near Cape Town in most of the brooks; is very sweet scented, and flowers from April till November. As an aquatic it is very desirable for those who cultivate those plants, the fragrance of the flowers being nearly equal to our Nymphæa alba, or White Water Lily; and this, added to the contrasted effect of the deep brown antheræ upon the pure white floral leaves, which indeed have the appearance of blossoms, give the whole an indescribable trait of beauty, peculiar to itself. Our figure was taken from a plant in the Hibbertian collection.[Pg 5]
PLATE CCXCI.
SENECIO PSEUDO-CHINA.
China-root Groundsel.
CLASS XIX. ORDER II.
SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA. Tips united. Superfluous Pointals.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Communis calyculatus, conicus, truncatus; squamis subulatis, plurimis, in cylindrum superne contractum, parallelis, contiguis, æqualibus, paucioribus basin imbricatim tegentibus, apicibus emortuis.
Corolla. Composita, calyce altior; Corullulæ hermaphroditæ tubulosæ, numerosæ in disco; Femineæ ligulatæ in radio (si quæ adsint).
Propria hermaphroditi infundibuliformis; limbo reflexo, quinquefido.
Femineis (si quæ) oblonga, obsolete tridentata.
Stamina. Hermaphroditis; filamenta quinque, capillaria, minima. Anthera cylindracea, tubulosa.
Pistillum utrisque; germen ovatum. Stylus filiformis, longitudine staminum. Stigmata duo, oblonga, revoluta.
Pericarpium nullum. Calyx conico-connivens.
Semina hermaphroditis solitaria, ovata. Pappus crinitus, longus. Femineis similima hermaphroditis.
Receptaculum nudum, planum.
Empalement. Common, double, conical, appearing cut off; scales awl-shaped, numerous, contracted above into a cylinder, parallel, contiguous, equal, the base tiled by a few scales, dead at the ends.
Blossom. Compound, taller than the cup; Hermaphrodite florets tubular, numerous in the disk; Female florets (if there are any) tongue-shaped in the circumference.
Hermaphrodite florets funnel shaped, border reflexed, five-cleft.
Female florets (if any) oblong, obscurely three-toothed.
Chives. Of the hermaphrodite florets; five threads, hair-like, very small. Tips forming a tubular cylinder.
Pointal in either; Seed-bud egg-shaped. Shaft thread-shaped, the length of the chives. Summits two, oblong, rolled back.
Seed-vessel none. Empalement closing into a cone.
Seeds of hermaphrodite florets solitary, egg-shaped. Feather hairy, long. Females like the hermaphrodites.
Receptacle naked, flat.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Senecio foliis sinuatis, integris, discoloribus; corollis purpureis; radice tuberosa.
Groundsel with obtusely indented leaves entire and two-coloured; blossoms purple; root tuberous.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Cup.
2. A Female floret, of the ray or circumference.
3. A Pointal of the female floret magnified.
4. An Hermaphrodite floret of the disk or centre.
5. The Chives and Pointal of an Hermaphrodite floret, magnified.
The roots of this plant were received at the same time with the double Camellias, China Roses, &c. from China, by the late J. Slater, Esq. of Laytonstone, Essex; we have, nevertheless, good reason to believe it was known formerly in our gardens; but has been certainly lost, for many years, to us. It is said to have been cultivated by James Sherrard, M. D. in 1732, as copied from Dellinens’s Hortus Elthamensis, into the Kew Catalogue. Miller speaks of it as flowering freely, and perfecting its seeds; whereas, in the Hort. Kew. they omit its time of flowering, which, had it ever flowered there, would certainly have been noted. Our drawing was taken in the month of July last year, 1802, from a plant in the Hibbertian Collection, the first and only time we have ever seen it flower in England. It is propagated by the roots, which are large and fleshy; the plant is herbaceous, and should have but little water during the winter months, as the roots are very subject to rot; they are imported from India as a drug, under the name of China-root. Must be kept in the hot-house, and planted in rich earth.[Pg 7]
PLATE CCXCII.
GERANIUM UNDULATUM.
Waved-flowered Geranium.
CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.
MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Threads united. Ten Chives.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Monogyna. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.
One Pointal. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Geranium foliis lanceolatis ciliatis, sub-integris; petalis sub-æqualibus, sub-linearibus, undulatis; floribus umbellatis, pentandris; radice tuberosa.
Geranium with lance-shaped flowers, fringed nearly intire; petals almost equal, nearly linear, waved; flowers grow in umbels, five fertile chives; root tuberous.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Empalement cut open, to shew its tubular structure.
2. The Chives and Pointal, natural size.
3. The Chives, magnified and cut open.
4. The Pointal and Seed bud, magnified.
This tuberous rooted Geranium, from the Cape of Good Hope, has some affinity with the G. spathulatum, as to the shape of the leaves; but the whole habit of the plant is so totally different, that we could not, with any degree of propriety, consider it as a variety of that species. Our figure was taken from a plant in the Hibbertian collection, to which it was introduced in the year 1800, by Mr. Niven. It flowers in June, and may be propagated by the root. The treatment is the same as that required for the rest, of this division, of the Genus.[Pg 9]
PLATE CCXCIII.
LACHNÆA PURPUREA.
Purple-flowered Lachnæa.
CLASS VIII. ORDER I.
OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Eight Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx nullus. Corolla quadrifida; limbo inæquali. Semen unum, sub-baccatum.
Cup none. Blossom four-cleft; border unequal. One seed, like a berry.
See Lachnæa Eriocephala, Pl. CIV. Vol. II.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Lachnæa capitulis solitariis; corollis glabris, purpureis; foliis trigonis, obtusis, quadrifariam imbricatis.
Lachnæa with solitary heads of flowers; blossoms smooth, purple; leaves three-sided, obtuse, tiled in four-rows.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. One of the floral Leaves, which surround the head of flowers at the
base.
2. A Flower complete.
3. A Blossom cut open, the lower part cut off, to shew the insertion of
the Chives at the mouth.
4. The Pointal, natural size.
5. The same magnified.
This most singular genus of plants, in external appearance so resembling passerina, yet so perfectly distinct in the parts of fructification, is certainly amongst the handsomest of the natural order in which it ranks. The long slender chives which extend nearly to the length of the border of the blossom, independent of the singular retrofraction of one of its segments, give it a character, we think, decidedly sufficient on which to have formed the Genus. This is the third species known; it was introduced to the Hibbertian collection, in 1800, by Mr. Niven, from the Cape of Good Hope. It is a very delicate plant, subject to be destroyed by damps, flowers in July, and may be increased by cuttings. It thrives best in a mixture of light sand and loam.
Thunberg, in his Prod. Plant. Cap. has referred the whole genus to Passerina.[Pg 11]
PLATE CCXCIV.
PROTEA CANDICANS.
Hoary-leaved Protea.
CLASS IV. ORDER I.
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Four Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Corolla 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, insertæ petalis infra apicem. Calyx proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.
Blossom 4-cleft, or 4 petals. Tips linear, inserted into the petals below the point. Cup, proper, none. Seeds solitary.
See Protea formosa, Pl. XVII. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Protea foliis apicibus tridentatis, eliptico-lanceolatis, obliquis, candidissimis; capitulis terminalibus; calyx imbricatus, squamis acutis; corollis luteis.
Protea with leaves three-toothed at the ends, eliptically-lance-shaped, oblique and very hoary; heads of flowers terminal; cup tiled, scales pointed, blossoms yellow.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Floret, the petals separated, natural size.
2. One of the Petals magnified.
3. The Pointal, and Seed-bud, natural size, the Summit detached,
magnified.
4. The Empalement, natural size.
Our present plant is one of the rarest Proteas at this time in England; as, we believe, there has never been but one importation of the seeds from the Cape, and no one species of this numerous genus is with more difficulty propagated by cuttings. Its lower leaves are apt to suffer much from damps in winter; in consequence, the stem becomes bare till near the top; the plant grows about three feet high, and flowers in August, or September. Our figure was taken from the Hibbertian collection, where it flowered, in 1802, for the first time in Britain. We owe its introduction to Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, Hammersmith, about the year 1790. We have our doubts of this plant being the P. tomentosa of Thunberg; for although he, in his description of that species, comes nigh many of the characters of P. candicans, yet his determining the leaves to be linear, and downy, and our having drawings, taken from two other species, approaching this in habit, yet nigher affined to P. tomentosa, we have retained his specific title for one of them, the other yet unnamed; which will both be given in due course.[Pg 13]
PLATE CCXCV.
PASSIFLORA AURANTIA.
Norfolk Island Passion-Flower.
CLASS XX. ORDER IV.
GYNANDRIA PENTANDRIA. Chives on the Pointal. Five Chives.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Trigyna. Calyx 5-phyllus. Petala 5. Nectarium corona. Bacca pedicellata.
Three styles. Cup 5-leaved. Petals 5. Honey-cup forming a crown. Berry standing on a foot-stalk.
See Pl. CCVII. Passiflora maliformis. Vol. IV.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Passiflora foliis trilobis, lobis oblongis obtusis, medio longiore; petiolis biglandulosis; nectario cylindraceo, denticulato; corolla aurantia.
Passion-Flower with three-lobed leaves; lobes oblong, obtuse, the middle one the longest; foot-stalks with two glands; honey-cup cylindrical and toothletted; blossom orange-coloured.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. Exhibits the half of a flower as cut perpendicularly through the
middle, with the whole of the Pointal and Chives in their place.
This species of Passion Flower, from Norfolk Island, was introduced to Britain in the year 1792, and was first raised, from seeds, at the Hammersmith Nursery. It is a greenhouse plant, loving heat and drought, thrives in a light sandy soil, and is readily increased by cuttings; which should be placed in the heat of the bark-bed in the hothouse, or cucumber hot-bed, in the month of April.
In the young state of the plant, the leaves are less harsh, appear rather scolloped than lobed, and much resemble in shape those of the Maiden-hair Fern, or Adiantum Capillus-veneris; whence the trivial name, adiantifolia, which it bears in most collections. But, as there can be no doubt of our present plant being that designed by Forster, in his Prod. flor. insul. austral. No. 326; of Cavanilles in his Dissertationes classis Monadelphiæ, Diss. 10. p. 457; and as lastly quoted by Willdenow, in his new Sp. Plant. Tom. 3, Part 1, p. 620; we have, without hesitation, adopted the specific title it there bears. As an addition to the very few handsome climbing plants fit to decorate the trellis-work of our modern greenhouses, or conservatories, this plant must be considered as a great acquisition; as the growth is rapid, the foliage of a fine green, and the flowering abundant.
Our figure was taken from a plant in the conservatory of the Hibbertian collection, Clapham common.[Pg 15]
PLATE CCXCVI.
LACHENALIA ROSEA.
Rose-coloured Lachenalia.
CLASS VI. ORDER I.
HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Six Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Corolla 6-partita, infera; petalis tribus interioribus longioribus. Stamina erecta. Capsula subovata, trialata. Semina globosa.
Blossom 6-divided, beneath; the three inner petals the longest. Chives erect. Capsule nearly egg-shaped, three-winged. Seeds globular.
See Lachenalia pendula, Pl. XLI. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Lachenalia foliis binis, lanceolato-linearibus, obtusis; petalis interioribus longioribus; scapo lævi filiforme; corollis roseis.
Lachenalia with two leaves between, lance and linear-shaped, obtuse; the inner petals the longest; flower-stem smooth and thread-shaped; blossoms rose-coloured.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Blossom cut open, shewn from the inside, the Chives in their place.
2. The same, shewn from the outside.
3. The Seed-bud and Pointal, natural size.
This plant we believe to be perfectly new to Britain, and in no other collection, at present, than that of G. Hibbert, Esq. Clapham; where the drawing of our figure was taken in May, 1802; and to which it had been added, the preceding year, by Mr. Niven, from the Cape of Good Hope.
It is a tender bulb, and rather impatient of moisture; increases by the bulb; should not be removed from its pot but to give it fresh earth, and is fond of a light, loamy soil. It is without scent.[Pg 17]
PLATE CCXCVII.
NYMPHÆA ODORATA.
Sweet-scented Water-Lily.
CLASS XIII. ORDER I.
POLIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Many Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx 4, 5, seu 6-phyllus. Corolla polypetala. Bacca multi-locularis, truncata.
Cup 4, 5, or 6-leaved. Blossom many petals. Berry many-celled, appearing cut off at top.
See Nymphæa cærulea, Pl. CXCVII. Vol. III.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Nymphæa foliis subrotundis, integris emarginatis, lobis divaricatis, obtusissimis, margine parum incurvatis; calyce tetraphyllo; flore albo.
Water Lily with almost round leaves, entire, and notched at the end; lobes straddling, very obtuse, and turned up slightly at the edge; cup four-leaved; flower white.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Chive.
2. The Seed-bud and Summits.
3. The Seed-bud cut transversely.
This species of Water-Lily we should consider rather as a variety, than as a distinct species; it has every character of our common white Water-Lily, except the size and hardiness; it has the same powerful fragrance, but will not stand the severity of our winters. It is a native of Carolina and Virginia, North America; was introduced to us in the year 1786, by William Hamilton, Esq. of Philadelphia, and flowers during the summer months, if kept in the hot-house. Requires the same treatment as the blue species from the Cape of Good Hope. May be increased from the seed, or from the root. Our drawing was taken from a plant in the Clapham collection.[Pg 19]
PLATE CCXCVIII.
ANTHERICUM COSTATUM.
Ribbed-leaved Anthericum.
CLASS VI. ORDER I.
HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Six Chives. One Pointal.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx, nullus.
Corolla. Petala sex, oblonga, obtusa, patentissima.
Stamina. Filamenta sex, subulata, erecta. Antheræ parvæ, incumbentes, quadrisulcæ.
Pistillum. Germen obsolete trigonum. Stylus simplex, longitudine staminum. Stigma obtusum, trigonum.
Pericarpium. Capsula ovata, glabra, trisulca, trilocularis, trivalvis.
Semina numerosa, angulata.
Empalement. none.
Blossom. Six petals, oblong, blunt, spreading very much.
Chives. Six threads, awl-shaped, upright. Tips small, laying on the threads, four-furrowed.
Pointal. Seed-bud bluntly three-sided. Shaft simple, the length of the chives. Summit blunt, and three-cornered.
Seed-vessel. Capsule egg-shaped, smooth, three-furrowed, three-valved.
Seeds numerous, angulated.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Anthericum foliis hirsutis, planis, costatis, lineari-ensiformibus, supra medium reflexis; scapo simplici, glabro; floribus albis; radice bulboso.
Anthericum with hairy, flat, leaves, ribbed, linearly sword-shaped, turned back from the middle; flower-stem simple, smooth; flowers white, root bulbous.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Chives and Pointal, magnified.
2. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summit, magnified.
3. The half of the Seed-bud cut transversely, magnified.
It is much to be lamented that we, as yet, have not discovered a mode of treatment by which many of the species or Albuca, Ornithogalum, Anthericum, &c. from the Cape, might be induced to flower with us, after the first year from their importation; since many of them never produce more than a few leaves afterwards; and this plant, we fear, is amongst the number. It makes a very handsome and sweet bunch of flowers, which have considerable duration, not less than a month from first expansion. We can say little as to the propagation and culture; as it has not as yet increased, nor has it produced any flowers since our drawing was made, in August 1801. We think it is only in the Hibbertian Collection, to which it was introduced by Mr. Niven, in 1800, from the Cape of Good Hope.[Pg 21]
PLATE CCXCIX.
LACHENALIA REFLEXA.
Reflexed-flowered Lachenalia.
CLASS VI. ORDER I.
HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Six Chives, One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Corolla 6-partita, infera; petalis tribus interioribus longioribus. Stamina erecta. Capsula subovata, trialata. Semina globosa.
Blossom 6-divided, beneath; the three inner petals the longest. Chives erect. Capsule nearly egg-shaped, three-winged. Seeds globular.
See Lachenalia pendula, Pl. XLI. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Lachenalia foliis ovato-lanceolatis, plurimis; petalis equalibus, acutis, reflexis, rubro punctatis; germine pedicillato, subgloboso.
Lachenalia with leaves between egg and lance-shaped, numerous; petals equal, pointed, reflexed, and dotted with red spots; seed-bud with a foot-stalk, and roundish.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. One of the Petals, which are divided to the base, with its chive.
2. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summit, natural size.
3. The same, magnified.
This curious Lachenalia, for such it must be considered, though in many parts widely different from congeners, is a native of the Cape of Good Hope, and was received from thence in the year 1798, by J. Vere, Esq. of Kensington Gore; in whose collection, we believe, it is only to be found, and where our drawing was taken in the month of June 1801. It is a tender bulb, and requires a considerable degree of heat to make it flower, and does not appear to have any tendency to increase, although, Mr. Anderson informs us, he has tried it in various situations and soils to that end.[Pg 23]
PLATE CCC.
GERANIUM OXALIDIFOLIUM.
Wood-Sorrel-leaved Geranium.
CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.
MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Threads united. Ten Chives.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Monogyna. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.
One Pointal. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Geranium foliis ternatis, foliolis ovatis, obtusis, ciliatis; floribus pentandris; radice tuberosa.
Geranium with leaves composed of three leaflets, which are egg-shaped, obtuse, and fringed; flowers with five fertile chives; root tuberous.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Empalement of a flower cut open, to shew its tubular structure.
2. The Chives and Pointal, natural size.
3. The Chives spread open, magnified.
4. The Pointal, natural size.
5. The same, magnified.
The species of Geranium here figured, is of the same character, in all points of view, as most of the tuberous species lately introduced from the Cape by G. Hibbert, Esq. in whose collection, at Clapham, it is only to be found, at present; and where our drawing was taken, in July 1802.[Pg 25]
PLATE CCCI.
PROTEA GRANDIFLORA. Var. foliis undulatis.
Large-flowered Protea. Waved-leaved Var.
CLASS IV. ORDER I.
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Four Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Corolla 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, insertæ petalis infra apicem. Calyx proprius nullus. Semina solitaria.
Blossom 4-cleft, or 4 petals. Tips linear, inserted into the petals below the end. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.
See Protea formosa, Pl. XVII. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Protea foliis lanceolatis glaberrimis, utrinque acuminatis, marginibus subcallosis, parum undulatis; squamæ calycinæ lanceolatæ erectæ, interiores pilis longissimis nigris cristitatæ.
Protea with lance-shaped leaves, smooth, tapered to both ends, rather thickened at the edges, and a little waved; the scales of the empalement are lance-shaped and upright, the inner ones crested, with very long black hairs.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Flower complete, as it stands on the receptacle of the common cup.
2. The same, with one of the petals detached, to shew the situation of
the chives near the ends.
3. The Pointal, complete.
The round tufts of long hair which terminate the inner scales of the cup, in this Protea, and its varieties, constitute its principal, distinguishing specific character from P. speciosa; whose scales are fringed at the summits, and to which our present plant is nearest allied. It is, without doubt, one of the handsomest of this fine tribe of plants; not only in the beauty of the blossom, but for its general habit; as it does not grow above three feet high, very bushy, and producing its flowers at the age of three or four years. It is increased by cuttings only, as are most of the species of this extensive genus, none of them perfecting their seeds in this climate, or producing roots by laying the branches. Our drawing was made from a plant in the Hibbertian collection, to which it was introduced in 1800, by Mr. Niven, from the Cape of Good Hope, in the month of May, 1802.[Pg 27]
PLATE CCCII.
LACHENALIA FRAGRANS.
Sweet-scented Lachenalia.
CLASS VI. ORDER I.
HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Six Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Corolla 6-petala, infera; petalis tribus interioribus longioribus. Stamina erecta. Capsula subovata trialata. Semina globosa.
Blossom six petals, beneath; the three inner petals the longest. Chives erect. Capsule nearly egg-shaped, three-winged. Seeds globular.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Lachenalia foliis geminis, ovato-oblongis, humi adpressis; corollis campanulatis pedunculatis horizontalibus; petalis sub-æqualibus; scapo erecto.
Lachenalia with one pair of leaves, oblong-egg-shaped, laying on the ground; blossoms bell shaped with foot-stalks, growing horizontally; petals nearly equal; flower-stem upright.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Blossom with the Chives in their place, one of the tips detached
and magnified.
2. The Seed-bud, Shaft and Summit.
3. The same, magnified.
4. The Seed-bud, cut transversely, magnified.
The extreme fragrance of this plant, amply compensates for its want of beauty; it retains its sweetness through the whole period of its flowering, which is of near a month’s continuance. There is a species of this genus, much resembling our plant in flower, but nothing in the leaf; it is known by the name of L. patens, and has been frequently sold for this, but its scent is quite different, and it flowers much earlier; that is to say, in the month of March, but the L. fragrans does not produce its blossoms till May. It is a very hardy greenhouse bulb, and requires no particular management to make it flower; this, however, it does not do, but once in two years; not even appearing in foliage, but in the second year from its flowering. Our figure was made at the Hammersmith Nursery, to which it was introduced, from the Cape of Good Hope, in the year 1798.[Pg 29]
PLATE CCCIII.
GERANIUM BARBATUM.
Bearded-leaved Geranium.
CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.
MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Chives united. Ten Chives.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Monogyna. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.
One Pointal. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Geranium foliis pinnatis; foliolis inequaliter dentatis barbatis; floribus umbellatis; staminibus quinque fertilibus, binis longioribus reflexis; scapo polystachio; radice tuberosa.
Geranium with winged leaves; leaflets unequally toothed and bearded; flowers grow in umbels; five fertile chives, the two longest reflexed; flower-stem branched; root tuberous.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The cup, natural size, cut open.
2. The Chives and Pointal, natural size.
3. The Chives cut and spread open, magnified.
4. The Pointal and Seed-bud, magnified.
The singular bearded termination, on each tooth, of the leaflets of this species of Geranium, has induced us to give it a specific title; although, in many other respects, it approaches very near two or three others, already figured, by us, of this long genus. It is from the same country with the other tuberous species, and introduced to the Hibbertian collection in 1800, where our drawing was made in July 1802.[Pg 31]
PLATE CCCIV.
DAVIESIA ULICIFOLIA.
Furze-leaved Daviesia.
CLASS X. ORDER I.
DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Ten Chives. One Pointal.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium monophyllum, campanulatum quinquedentatum; laciniis equalibus erectis.
Corolla papillionacea, pentapetala.
Vexillum cordatum erectum.
Alæ oblongæ, vexillo duplo breviores.
Carina dipetala, alis paulo longiora.
Stamina. Filamenta decem, distincta, assurgentia, longitudine carinæ. Antheræ simplices minimæ.
Pistillum. German ovato-oblongum. Stylus subulatus, magnitudine et situ staminum. Stigma acutum.
Pericarpium. Capsula triangularis, compressa, acuta, unilocularis, bivalvis.
Semen unum, reniforme.
Empalement. Cup one-leaf, bell-shaped, five-toothed; segments equal, upright.
Blossom butterfly-shaped, five-petalled.
Standard heart-shaped, upright.
Wings oblong, half the length of the standard.
Keel two petals, a little shorter than the wings.
Chives. Threads ten, distinct, turned upwards, the length of the keel. Tips simple, very small.
Pointal. Seed-bud oblong egg-shaped. Shaft awl-shaped, of the same size and station as the chives. Summit pointed.
Seed-vessel. Capsule triangular, flat, sharp pointed, one cell, two valves.
Seed one, kidney-shape.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Daviesia foliis lanceolatis, rigidis pungentibus; floribus axillaribus spicatis.
Daviesia with lance-shaped leaves, harsh and pricking; flowers grow from the insertion of the leaves in spikes.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Empalement of the flower, natural size.
2. The Empalement magnified.
3. The Standard, or upper petal of the blossom.
4. One of the Wings of the blossom.
5. The two petals of the Keel.
6. The Chives, magnified.
7. The Pointal.
8. A ripe Seed-vessel.
This division of the butterfly flowered plants, from New Holland, was among the first genera which were raised from the seeds of that country, in Britain. And though we have possessed the plants so long, and both species, or rather the two varieties, perfect their seeds with us; yet are the plants very scarce, few of them are to be met with, and seldom more than a plant, or two, is to be found in any collection. The Daviesias grow about a foot and a half high, and when in flower make a very pretty appearance, as nearly the whole bush is covered with blossoms. They are rather tender, and are impatient of wet, which is, perhaps, the greatest enemy many of the plants from that country have to encounter with us. It flowers about April or May; is increased by seeds, or cuttings; should be kept in a small pot, comparatively with what may be used for the same sized plants, and planted in sandy peat. Our drawing was made from the Hibbertian collection, in the month of May 1802.[Pg 33]
PLATE CCCV.
GERANIUM CORONILLÆFOLIUM.
Coronilla-leaved Geranium.
CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.
MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Threads united. Ten Chives.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Monogyna. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.
One Pointal. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Geranium foliis impari pinnatis, bijugis; foliolis obovatis glabris; floribus umbellatis pentandris; radice tuberosa.
Geranium with leaves that are winged, with an odd one and two yoked; leaflets inversely egg-shaped, and smooth; flowers grow in umbels, with five fertile chives; root tuberous.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Cup cut open, to shew its tubular structure.
2. The Chives and Pointal, natural size.
3. The Chives cut and spread open, magnified.
4. The Pointal and Seed-bud, magnified.
The drawing of this Geranium was taken at Clapham in the month of July, 1802, from a plant in the Hibbertian collection, where, we believe, it is only to be met with, and to which it was introduced, in 1801, from the Cape of Good Hope. It has no particular character, in its appearance, from which we might be led to think any other treatment or mode of culture necessary for this plant, different from the rest of its congeners.[Pg 35]
PLATE CCCVI.
ALETRIS FRAGRANS.
Sweet-scented Aletris.
CLASS VI. ORDER I.
HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Six Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Corolla infundibuliformis, rugosa. Stamina inserta laciniarum basi. Capsula trilocularis.
Blossom funnel-shaped, wrinkled. Chives inserted into the base of the segments. Capsule three-celled.
See Aletris sarmentosa, Pl. LIV.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Aletris caulescens; foliis lanceolatis, laxis; floribus albicantibus, fragrantissimis.
Aletris with a woody stem; leaves lance-shaped, loose; flowers whitish, very sweet-scented.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A miniature representation of the whole plant.
2. A flower complete, natural size.
3. The blossom cut open, with the Chives in their place.
4. The Seed-bud, Shaft and Pointal; the summit detached, magnified.
The Sweet-scented Aletris, from the great height it attains before it flowers, which is, from 9 to 12 feet, and nearly two-thirds of the length of the stem, without leaves; takes off much from the merit of this grand plant as cultivated in our colder regions. It is a native of Africa, and must be kept in the hot-house, in the bark-bed, to have it blossom. The flowers are extremely fragrant, open in the evening and close again with the first rays of the morning sun. It is propagated either by suckers, which it sometimes produces, or by cutting off small portions from the roots; which will become plants in about three months, if placed in the heat of a strong hot-bed; these are likewise very sweet-scented, having the flavour of orris-root, or violets. Our figure was taken from a plant in the collection of J. Vere, Esq. Kensington Gore, this present month of May, 1803.
A schism has arisen on the subject of this genus among modern botanists; from whom we must, however, exclude the celebrated author of Miller’s New Gardeners’ Dictionary; who, in this instance, has preserved the genus entire. Three genera have, as usual, been made out of one; the Cape species are denominated Veltheimias; those known under the names of A. zeylanica and A. guineensis, are termed Sansevieras; A. farinosa and A. fragrans being the only remnants of the original genus. Such are the happy effects, of modern scrutiny, upon the works of the antiquated Linnæus! and such might be the answer of these illuminati, which poor Gradus, in the farce of Who’s the Dupe, gives to his mistress, when questioned upon the utility of his labours; alas, how else should our merit be discovered, but by elancing from the old track of plain sense and nature.[Pg 37]
PLATE CCCVII.
PROTEA GLOBOSA.
Globe-flowered Protea.
CLASS IV. ORDER I.
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Four Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Corolla 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, insertæ petalis infra apicem. Calyx proprius nullus. Semina solitaria.
Blossom 4-cleft, or 4 petals. Tips linear, inserted into the petals below the end. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.
See Protea formosa, Pl. XVII. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Protea foliis eliptico-lanceolatis, apicibus callosis; capitulo globoso, terminali; foliolis calycinis ovatis, reflexis; floribus luteis.
Protea with eliptically-lance-shaped leaves, callous at the ends; head of flowers globular and terminal; leaflets of the cup egg-shaped, turned back; flowers yellow.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Flower complete, natural size.
2. One of the Petals of a blossom, with its chive, magnified.
3. The Pointal, and Seed-bud, natural size.
4. The same, magnified.
5. The common Empalement.
This species of Protea, though it does not stand among the foremost of its congeners in competition for beauty; yet, has its merits, and those of no small moment, as a hardy green-house plant; for it rarely misses flowering, in the month of May, annually, and its blossoms continue in perfection at least two months. It is seldom hurt by cold or wet, if not exposed to either in the extreme. Is easily propagated from cuttings, made in the month of May, or June; by the same mode as has been described for the increasing the preceding species of the Genus, already figured in this work. We owe the first introduction of this plant to Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, Hammersmith, who raised it from seeds, in the year 1786, received from the Cape of Good Hope. Our figure was made from a plant in the Hibbertian collection.[Pg 39]
PLATE CCCVIII.
CROTOLARIA VERRUCOSA.
Blue-flowered Crotolaria.
CLASS XVII. ORDER IV.
DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Threads in two sets. Ten Chives.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium tripartitum, magnum, corolla paulo brevius; laciniis duabus superioribus lanceolatis, vexillo incumbentibus; tertia lanceolata, concava, carinam fulciente, trifida.
Corolla papillionacea.
Vexillum cordatum, acutum, magnum, lateribus depressum.
Alæ ovatæ, vexillo dimidio breviores.
Carina acuminata, longitudine alarum.
Stamina. Filamenta decem, connata, assurgentia, linea dorsali fissa basique hiante. Antheræ simplices.
Pistillum. Germen oblongum, reflexum, hirsutum. Stylus simplex, infractus, assurgens. Stigma obtusum.
Pericarpium. Legumen breve, turgidum, uniloculare, bivalve, pedicillatum.
Semen aliquot, globosa-reniformia.
Empalement. Cup three-parted, large, rather shorter than the blossom; the two superior segments lance-shaped, laying on the standard; the third lance-shaped, concave, supporting the keel, three-cleft.
Blossom butterfly-shaped.
Standard heart-shaped, acute, large, depressed on the sides.
Wings egg-shaped, half the length of the standard.
Keel tapered, the length of the wings.
Chives. Ten threads, united, turned upwards, with a split line on the back, and gaping at the base. Tips simple.
Pointal. Seed-bud oblong, reflexed, hairy. Shaft simple, bent inwards at an angle, turned upwards. Summit obtuse.
Seed-vessel. Pod short, turgid, one-celled, two valved, with a fruit-stalk.
Seeds a few of a rounded kidney-shape.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Crotolaria foliis simplicibus, ovatis, retusis; stipulis lunatis, declinatis; racemo terminali; ramis tetragonis.
Crotolaria with simple leaves, egg-shaped, dented at the ends; leaf-props half-moon-shaped, turned downwards; bunch of flowers terminal; branches four-sided.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Empalement.
2. The Standard.
3. One of the Wings.
4. The two petals of the Keel.
5. The Chives.
6. The Pointal and Seed-bud, the Summit detached, magnified.
7. A half ripe Seed-vessel.
8. The same laid open.
This handsome annual is an old inhabitant of our hot-houses, for it has been cultivated so long ago as the year 1731, by Mr. Miller; but from its character as an annual, our summers not proving always congenial to the perfecting its seeds, it has at intervals been lost to us. It is a native of the East Indies, and, in general, good seed may be procured by keeping the plants constantly in a hot-bed or hot-house; but the best method is to raise them on a strong hot-bed, keeping them there till in flower, and then transferring them to the hot-house or dry-stove, to perfect their seeds. Our drawing was taken from a fine specimen, communicated by the Hon. W. H. Irby, from his select collection at the Parsonage, Farnham Royal, Bucks. Flowers in May or June, and ripens its seeds in August or September.[Pg 41]
PLATE CCCIX.
PULTENÆA VILLOSA.
Hairy Pultenæa.
CLASS X. ORDER I.
DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Ten Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx quinquedentatis, utrinque appendiculatus. Corolla papilionacea, alis vexillo brevioribus. Legumen uniloculare, dispernum.
Cup five-toothed, with a hanging prop on each side. Blossom butterfly-shaped, the wings shorter than the standard. A one-celled pod, two seeded.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Pultenæa foliis oblongis, villosis; floribus axillaribus, solitariis, spicatis; caule villoso; calycibus inappendiculatis.
Pultenæa with oblong, hairy leaves; flowers grow from the insertion of the leaves, solitary, and in spikes; stem hairy; cup without props.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Leaf.
2. The Cup, natural size.
3. The Standard of the blossom.
4. One of the Wings of the blossom.
5. The two Leaves of the keel.
6. The Empalement, Chives, and Pointal, magnified.
7. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summit, magnified.
Where to place the limits to the various new genera of this very extended natural order of plants, with butterfly blossoms, from New Holland, appears a talk of some difficulty with our modern botanists; for, no sooner have we formed an essential character for a genus, than immediately we are struck with the appearance of new plants, whose whole habits assimilate with our newly constructed family, but in the principal and pointed essential character. In such predicament stands our present subject, it wants the appendicula to the cup, yet has it been placed, by Willdenow, &c. to Pultenæa; and with good reason, we presume, for if every difference of this nature was taken up, on which to form new genera, nearly every plant from that country would furnish grounds for new names; and, to say the truth, we think they are, already, sufficiently extended. The Pultenæas are all rather impatient of wet, and although they are not frequently killed by too much moisture, yet they become unsightly, by losing all their lower leaves. This species grows to the height of about three feet; and, when in flower, makes a very handsome appearance. It perfects its seeds, and may be increased by cuttings, which should be put in about the beginning of April. A mixture of sandy peat three parts, and one fourth part of loam, is the best soil to grow it in. It was amongst the first plants which were raised from Botany Bay seeds in this country. Our figure was made at the Hammersmith nursery, in 1801.[Pg 43]
PLATE CCCX.
STACHYS COCCINEA.
Scarlet Clownheal.
CLASS XIV. ORDER I.
DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. Two Chives longer. Seed naked.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium monophyllum, tubulatum, angulatum, semiquinquefidum, acuminatum, persistens; dentriculis acuminatis, subulatis, subinæquale.
Corolla monopetala, ringens; tubus brevissimus; faux oblonga, ad basin deorsum gibba; labium superius erectum, subovatum, fornicatum, sæpe emarginatum; labium inferius majus, trifidum lateribus reflexum; lacinula intermedia maxima, emarginata, replicata.
Stamina. Filamenta quatuor, quorum duo breviora, subulata, ad latera faucis recurvata. Antheræ simplices.
Pistillum. Germen quadripartitum. Stylus filiformis, situ et longitudine staminum. Stigma bifidum, acutum.
Pericarpium nullum. Calyx vix mutatus.
Semina quatuor, ovata, angulata.
Empalement. Cup one-leaf, tubular, angular, five shallow clefts, taper, permanent; toothless taper, awl-shaped, nearly equal.
Blossom one petal, gaping; tube very short; mouth oblong, hunched downwards towards the base; upper lip upright, rather egg-shaped, arched, often notched at the end; lower lip large, three-cleft, side ones reflexed; the middle segment, which is the largest, notched at the end, and folded back.
Chives. Four threads, of which two are shorter, awl-shaped, bent to the sides of the mouth. Tips simple.
Pointal. Seed-bud with four divisions. Shaft thread-shaped, of the length and situation of the chives. Summit cloven, sharp-pointed.
Seed-vessel none. The cup scarce changed.
Seeds four, egg-shaped, angular.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Stachys verticillis sexfloris; foliis ovato-oblongis, basi cordatis, crenatis; floribus coccineis.
Clownheal with six flowered whorls; leaves oblong-egg-shaped, heart-shaped at the base, scolloped; flowers scarlet.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Cup, natural size.
2. The Blossom cut open, with the chives in their place.
3. The Seed-buds and Pointal, the summit detached, magnified.
4. The Seed-buds, magnified.
Although this species of Stachys must be considered as an herbaceous plant, yet the stem, if kept in the green-house, may be preserved; and therefore, as it is too tender to bear our winters, in the open ground, we must consign it to that station. It is a native of South America; is easily propagated by cuttings; flowers in the month of July, or August, and thrives in rich mould. The figure was taken from a plant in the collection of J. Vere, Esq. Kensington Gore, where, we believe, it flowered for the first time in Britain.[Pg 45]
PLATE CCCXI.
GERANIUM PINNATUM.
Winged-leaved Geranium.
CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.
MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Threads united. Ten Chives.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Monogyna. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.
One Pointal. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Geranium foliis pinnatis; foliolis subrotundo-ovatis, hirsutis; floribus flavis, staminibus quinque fertilibus; scapo polystachio; radice tuberosa.
Geranium with winged leaves; leaflets rather round-egg-shaped, and hairy; flowers yellow; five fertile chives; flower-stem branched; root tuberous.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Flower-cup, natural size, cut open.
2. The Chives and Pointal, natural size.
3. The Chives cut and spread open, magnified.
4. The Pointal and Seed-bud, magnified.
The specific title of this plant, originally, belonged to a species which is, now, confounded amongst the numerous variety of Geranium lacerum. And, indeed, the present plant is taken as a synonim, by Willdenow, with G. astragalifolium, of which we have given a figure in a preceding number. This was among the first of the tuberous kind of Geraniums known to our gardens. Mr. F. Masson, according to the Kew Catalogue, first introduced it to the Kew Gardens in 1788. It has nothing particular in its character to require a different treatment from the rest of the tuberous species. Our drawing was made from a plant in the Hammersmith Collection, in March 1801.[Pg 47]
PLATE CCCXII.
STYPHELIA VIRIDIS.
Green-flowered Styphelia.
CLASS V. ORDER I.
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Five Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx imbricatus. Corolla tubulosa. Stamina fauci inserta. Drupa quinque-locularis. Semina bina.
Cup tiled. Blossom tubular. Chives inserted into the mouth of the blossom. A pulpy berry with five cells. Seeds by twos.
See Styphelia triflora. Pl. LXXII. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Styphelia foliis utrinque acuminatis, obliquis, acutis, glaberrimis; floribus axillaribus, solitariis, viridibus.
Styphelia with leaves tapered to both ends, oblique, pointed, very smooth; flowers grow from the insertion of the leaves, solitary and green.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Cup of a flower, natural size.
2. A Blossom, with the Chives in their place, cut open.
3. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summit, the Summit magnified.
Few of the plants from New Holland have excited more admiration than the Styphelias; the S. tubiflora figured in the New Holland botany of Dr. Smith, the S. triflora given in the first Vol. of this work, our present plant, together with the numerous other species already known from dried specimens, lead us to conjecture that the genus is as copious as any, Banksia not excepted, from that country. This plant grows to the height of two feet, or more; the flowers nearly covering the branches. It is rather delicate, requiring but little water, in the winter months; as it is certain to perish, if kept wet any considerable time. Is propagated by cuttings, and must be kept in a small pot, proportional to the size of the plant, in very sandy peat earth. Our figure was taken from a plant in the Hibbertian collection, in the month of April, 1803. All the plants, at present in Britain, of this species of Styphelia, are the offspring of one solitary seed, received by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy from New Holland, in the year 1791.[Pg 49]
PLATE CCCXIII.
JUSTICIA LUCIDA.
Shining-leaved Justicia.
CLASS II. ORDER I.
DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Two Chives. One Pointal.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium monophyllum, minimum, quinquepartitum, acutum, erectum, angustum.
Corolla monopetala, ringens; tubus gibbus; limbus bilabiatus, labium superius oblongum, emarginatum, labium inferius ejusdem longitudinis, reflexum, trifidum.
Stamina. Filamenta duo, subulata, sub labio superiore recondita. Antheræ erectæ, ad basin bifidæ.
Pistillum. Germen turbinatum. Stylus filiformis, longitudine et situ staminum. Stigma simplex.
Pericarpium. Capsula oblonga, obtusa, basi angustata, bilocularis, bivalvis; dissepimento valvulis contrario, ungue elastico dehiscens.
Semina subrotunda.
Empalement. Cup one-leaf, very small, five-divided, pointed, erect, narrow.
Blossom one petal, gaping; tube hunched; border two-lipped; the upper lip oblong, notched at the end; the under lip of the same length, reflexed, and three-cleft.
Chives. Two threads, awl-shaped, hid under the upper lip. Tips upright, two-cleft at the base.
Pointal. Seed-bud top-shaped. Shaft thread-shaped, the length and situation of the chives. Summit simple.
Seed-vessel. Capsule oblong, obtuse, narrowed at the base, two-celled, two valved; the partition opposite to the valves splitting from an elastic claw.
Seeds roundish.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Justicia spicis terminalibus; floribus subcapitatis; foliis elipticis, nervosis, bullatis, lucidis; corollis bilabiatis, labio superiore lanceolato; caule fruticoso, glabro.
Justicia with terminal spikes; flowers grow nearly in heads; leaves elliptic, nerved, blistered, and shining; blossoms two-lipped, the upper lip lance-shaped; stem shrubby, smooth.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Blossom cut open, with the Chives in their place.
2. The Cup and Pointal.
3. An unripe Seed.
Most of the species of this genus of plants have hitherto been considered of little value in our collections, as few of them have woody stems, and from that character have a weedy appearance. This plant however is an exception, and is well worthy a place in collections where ornament only, not variety, is studied. It grows to the height of three feet, flowers in the month of August, is easily increased from cuttings, and may be kept in the hot-house, out of the bark-bed. The Justicia coccinea and this plant approach in the appearance of their flowers and habit; but the leaves differ much as well as many other minuter parts. It is a native of the East Indies, and was introduced about the year 1794. Our figure was taken from a plant in the Collection of G. Hibbert, Esq. Clapham Common.[Pg 51]
PLATE CCCXIV.
ITEA SPINOSA.
Thorny Itea.
CLASS V. ORDER I.
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Five Chives. One Pointal.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium monophyllum, quinquefidum, erectum, acuminatum, minimum, persistens, laciniis acutis, coloratis.
Corolla. Petala quinque, lanceolata, longa, calyci inserta.
Stamina. Filamenta quinque, subulata, erecta, longitudine corollæ, calyci inserta. Antheræ subrotundæ, incumbentes.
Pistillum. Germen ovatum. Stylus cylindraceus, persistens, longitudine staminum. Stigma obtusum.
Pericarpium. Capsula ovata calyce multoties longior, stylo muconato, unilocularis, bivalvis ex duabus coalita apice dehiscens.
Semina numerosa, minima, oblonga, nitida.
Empalement. Cup one-leaf, five-cleft, upright, tapered, very small, remaining, segments pointed, coloured.
Blossom. Petals five, lance-shaped, long, inserted into the cup.
Chives. Five threads, awl-shaped, upright, the length of the blossom, inserted into the cup. Tips roundish, laying on the threads.
Pointal. Seed-bud egg-shaped. Shaft cylindrical, permanent, the length of the chives. Summit obtuse.
Seed-vessel. Capsule egg-shaped, much longer than the cup, tapering into the shaft, one-celled, two-valved of two joined, splitting at top.
Seeds numerous, very small, oblong, shining.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Itea foliis cuneiformibus, emarginatis; spinis axillaribus.
Itea with wedge-shaped leaves, notched at the end; spines grow at the insertion of the leaves.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Empalement, magnified.
2. A Flower complete, magnified.
3. The Chives and Pointal, magnified; part of the cup and the petals
taken away, to shew the insertion of the Chives into the cup.
4. The Pointal, magnified.
This plant is a native of New Holland, and was introduced from thence by the Right Honourable the Marchioness of Rockingham, at the same time with the Bauera rubioides of this work; and from a specimen communicated by her Ladyship in September, 1801, our drawing was taken. It is a hardy green-house plant, continuing in flower from August till December; makes a very bushy handsome shrub, especially when planted in a conservatory. Is easily propagated by cuttings, made in the month of April, and kept on a gentle heat until they are rooted. It thrives most in sandy peat, with a small mixture of sandy loam.[Pg 53]
PLATE CCCXV.
ORCHIS BICORNIS.
Two-horned Orchis.
CLASS XX. ORDER I.
GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA. Chives on the Pointal. Two Chives.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Nectarium corniforme pone florem.
Honey-cup like a horn behind the flower.
See Orchis ciliaris, Pl. XLII. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Orchis bulbis indivisis; corollis galea bicalcarata; labio quinque-partito.
Orchis with undivided bulbs; helmet of the blossom two spurred, lip five-parted.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Flower, natural size.
2. The same, magnified, with the front petals cut away to expose the
parts of fructification, one of the chives being liberated from its
cell.
This singular little Orchis was first introduced to us, from the Cape of Good Hope, by Mr. F. Masson, in 1787, but has been lost to our gardens since near that time till last year, when we had the pleasure of seeing it again in the collection of T. Evans, Esq. Stepney; but we much fear, without a fresh supply of roots, it will again soon stand but as a name in our catalogues. It is a very tender and delicate plant; and, like nearly the whole of this natural order, difficult to propagate or preserve in a cultivated state; wherefore we cannot pretend to recommend any particular method. The bulb which flowered at Stepney was planted in sandy peat, and appeared in good health. It flowers in September, loses its leaves soon after flowering, and is extremely fragrant.[Pg 55]
PLATE CCCXVI.
OLEA APETALA.
Petal-less Olive.
CLASS II. ORDER I.
DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Two Chives. One Pointal.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium monophyllum, tubulatum, parvum; ore quadridentato, erecto, deciduum.
Corolla monopetala, infundibuliformis; tubus cylindraceus, longitudine calycis; limbus quadripartitus, planus; laciniis subovatis.
Stamina. Filamenta duo, opposita, subulata, brevia. Antheræ erectæ.
Pistillum. Germen subrotundum. Stylus simplex, brevissimus. Stigma bifidum, crassiusculum; laciniis emarginatis.
Pericarpium. Drupa subovata, glabra, unilocularis.
Semen. Nux ovato-oblonga, rugosa.
Empalement. Cup one-leafed, tabular, small; mouth four-toothed, erect, deciduous.
Blossom one petal, funnel-shaped; tube cylindrical, the length of the cup; border four-divided, flat; segments nearly egg-shaped.
Chives. Two threads, opposite, awl shaped, short. Tips upright.
Pointal. Seed-bud roundish. Shaft simple, very short. Summit two-cleft, thickish; clefts notched at the ends.
Seed-vessel. A pulpy berry, rather egg-shaped, smooth, one-celled.
Seed. A nut oblong-egg-shaped, rough.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Olea foliis elipticis, floribus racemosis, apetalis.
Olive, with eliptically-shaped leaves, flowers in long bunches without petals.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A. Flower expanded, magnified.
2. The same with the Chives exposed, magnified.
3. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summit, magnified.
4. A half ripe Berry.
5. The same cut transversely.
Our present figure represents a plant a native of New Holland and New Zealand, in the Pacific Ocean; but, we have great reason to think, it has been referred, rather rashly, to the genus under which it is here named; and that it possesses a distinctive character sufficient on which to have formed a new one. We have, nevertheless, as usual, taken it up under the title it is in general known by, as published by Vahl, in his Symbolæ Botanicæ, Part III. p. 3, and quoted from him into Willdenow’s Sp. Plant. p. 46, and thence into Professor Martyn’s ed. of Miller’s Dict. article Olea, 5. Whether the fruit of this plant will ever turn to account, when cultivated, as an article of food, time must evince; but, certainly, it bears an appearance of much hope. It is a strong woody growing shrub, forming itself into a handsome round-headed plant; and, when in full flower, has a very pretty appearance, having all the necessary qualities of such plants as are fit for planting out in a conservatory. It is propagated by cuttings; should be planted in sandy peat earth, mixed with a small portion of loam; producing its flowers about February or March. Our drawing was made from a plant in the Hammersmith Collection, to which it was first added in the year 1791; having been raised from seeds communicated to Messrs. Lee and Kennedy by Colonel Paterson.[Pg 57]
PLATE CCCXVII.
GERANIUM UNDULATUM. Var. Minor.
Waved-flowered Geranium. Lesser Var.
CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.
MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Threads united. Ten Chives.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Monogyna. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.
One Pointal. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.
See Geranium grandiflorum, Pl. XII. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Geranium foliis radicalibus lanceolatis, integerrimis, petiolis longitudine foliorum; petalis cuneiformibus, equalibus, undulatis; floribus pentandris; radice tuberosa.
Geranium with the root leaves lance-shaped, quite entire; foot-stalks the length of the leaves; petals wedge-shaped, equal, waved; flowers with five fertile chives; root tuberous.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Empalement cut open, natural size.
2. The Chives cut and spread open, magnified.
3. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summits.
This very handsome tuberous Geranium, and which we have rather placed as a variety than a species, might perhaps by some have been considered as sufficiently distinct to have formed a species; but, indeed, much difficulty arises in the determining, amongst this variable tribe, where to fix determinate specific character. Our present figure was taken from the Hibbertian Collection, where as yet the plant is only to be seen in Britain. It flowers in June or July; does not perfect its seeds, nor has the appearance of easily propagating from the root; the usual method with this link of the Geranium family. It thrives in sandy peat and leaf mould.[Pg 59]
PLATE CCCXVIII.
HÆMANTHUS MULTIFLORUS.
Many-flowered Blood-Flower.
CLASS VI. ORDER I.
HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Six Chives. One Pointal.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Involucrum hexaphyllum, maximum, umbelluliferum; foliolis erectis, oblongis, persistentibus.
Corolla monopetala, erecta, sexpartita; laciniis erectis, linearibus; tubo brevissimo, angulato.
Stamina. Filamenta sex, subulata, tubo corollæ inserta, corolla longiora. Antheræ incumbentes, oblongæ.
Pistillum. Germen inferum. Stylus simplex, longitudine staminum. Stigma simplex.
Pericarpium. Bacca subrotunda, trilocularis.
Semina solitaria, triquetra.
Empalement. Fence six-leaved, large, bearing a small umbel; leaflets upright, oblong, permanent.
Blossom one petal, upright, six-parted; segments upright, linear; tube very short, angular.
Chives. Threads six, awl-shaped, inserted into the tube of the blossom, longer than the blossom. Tips laying on the threads, oblong.
Pointal. Seed-bud beneath. Shaft simple, the length of the chives. Summit simple.
Seed-vessel. Berry roundish, three-celled.
Seeds solitary, three-sided.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Hæmanthus foliis plicatis, undulatis, erectis, lato-lanceolatis; umbella globosa; floribus confertis; petalis patentibus; scapo ad basin maculato.
Blood flower with plaited leaves, waved, upright and broad-lance shaped; umbel globular; flowers crowded; petals spreading; flower-stem spotted at the base.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Leaves and part of the Flower-Stem, in miniature.
2. A Flower, complete, natural size.
3. The Seed-bud, Shaft, and Summit.
4. A Seed-bud, cut transversely.
5. The embryo of a Seed.
This plant is said to have been in our European gardens so long ago as the year 1603: having, at that time, been sent to Paris by the younger Robin from Guinea. But however this may be, as yet there is no figure of the plant by which it may be known from many of this beautiful tribe, except the one by the late Mr. Nodder. We are indebted for its last introduction to the honourable the Sierra Leone Company, who received, in 1792, the roots of this plant, amongst many others, from that settlement; which were by them presented to Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, at Hammersmith. Our figure was taken in June from a plant in flower this present year, 1803, in the collection of J. Vere, Esq. Kensington Gore, where, from particular management of Mr. Anderson, the same root has flowered several times; a circumstance that but rarely happens with these bulbs after the first year from importation. As a native of so hot a clime it must be kept in the bark bed of the hot-house; and, when the plant is not in flower, should be watered but sparingly. We as yet are unacquainted with any mode by which it may be propagated. It flourishes most in rich mould. Our figure represents the plant in a small specimen, as the head of flowers is frequently, in this country, of three times the size.[Pg 61]
PLATE CCCXIX.
VICIA GALEGIFOLIA.
Goat’s-Rue-leaved Vetch.
CLASS XVII. ORDER IV.
DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Chives in two sets. Ten Chives.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium monophyllum, tubulatum, erectum, semi-quinquefidum, acutum; dentibus superioribus brevioribus, conniventibus; omnibus æqualis latitudinis.
Corolla papillionacea.
Vexillum ovale, ungue lato oblongo, apice emarginatum cum acumine, lateribus reflexum, linea longitudinali compressa elevata.
Alæ duæ, oblongæ, erectæ, semicordatæ, ungue oblongo, vexillo breviores.
Carina ungue oblongo bipartito, ventriculo compresso, semiorbiculato, alis breviore.
Stamina. Filamenta diadelphia (simplex et novemfidum). Antheræ erectæ, subrotundæ, quadrisulcæ.
Nectarii glandulæ intra stamen compositum et germen e receptaculo oritur, brevis, acuminata.
Pistillum. Germen lineare, compressum, longum. Stylus filiformis, brevior, ad angulum erectum adscendens. Stigma obtusum, sub apice transverse barbatum.
Pericarpium. Legumen longum, coriaceum, uniloculare, bivalve, acumine terminatum.
Semina plura, subrotunda.
Empalement. Cup one-leaf, tubular, upright, half five-cleft sharp; the upper teeth the shortest, approaching; all the teeth of equal breadth.
Blossom butterfly-shaped.
Standard oval, with a broad oblong claw, notched at the top, with a point in the middle, sides reflexed, compressed and raised in a line running lengthways.
Wings two, oblong, erect, half-heart shaped, with an oblong claw, shorter than the standard.
Keel, with an oblong two-parted claw, the hollow part compressed like a half circle shorter than the wings.
Chives. Threads in two sets, (one alone, the other nine-cleft.) Tips upright, roundish four-furrowed.
Honey-cup, gland arising from the receptacle between the united threads and the seed-bud; short and tapered.
Pointal. Seed-bud linear, compressed and long. Shaft thread-shaped, shorter, turned upwards from an angle. Summit blunt, bearded transversely on the upper part at the end.
Seed-vessel. Pod long, tough, one-celled, two-valved terminated by a point.
Seeds many, rather round.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Vicia pedunculis multifloris erectis; floribus striatis; foliolis ovalibus, subtruncatis, reflexis.
Vetch with many-flowered, upright fruit-stalks; flowers streaked; leaflets oval, rather appearing cut off at the points, reflexed.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Cup.
2. The Standard, or upper Petal of the Flower, shewn in front.
3. The same, shewn from the back-side.
4. One of t#e Wings of the Blossom.
5. The Keel of the same.
6. The Chives, natural size.
7. The Pointal, natural size.
8. The Chives, magnified, shewn from the front side.
9. A half-ripe Pod.
This pretty plant is a native of New Holland, and was first received in seeds from thence under the name of Indigofera coccinea, in the year 1800, by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, Hammersmith. It grows into a bushy plant, making a number of branches from the root, but is rather a woody than herbaceous plant; yet the branches have all the character of most of the species of this genus. It has not as yet been increased by cuttings, but from every appearance the seeds will ripen in this country; and there is little doubt but the roots may be divided with safety. It flourishes in a mixture of sandy peat and loam. Our figure was taken from a plant in the Collection of Messrs. Colvilies, King’s Road, Chelsea; where it has likewise flowered this present August, 1803.[Pg 63]
PLATE CCCXX.
PULTENÆA ILICIFOLIA.
Holly-leaved Pultenæa.
CLASS X. ORDER I.
DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Ten Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx quinque-dentatus, utrinque appendiculatus. Corolla papillionacea, alis vexillo brevioribus. Legumen uniloculare, dispermum.
Cup five-toothed, with an appendage on each side. Blossom butterfly-shaped, wings shorter than the standard. Pod one-celled, two seeded.
See Pultenæa daphnoides, Pl. XCVIII. Vol. II.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Pultenæa foliis hastatis, serratis, rigidis; floribus axillaribus, racemosis.
Pultenæa with halbert-shaped leaves, sawed and harsh; flowers grow from the insertion of the leaves in long bunches.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Cup, natural size.
2. The same, magnified.
3. The Standard, or upper petal of the blossom.
4. One of the Wings of the same.
5. The two petals of the keel of the same.
6. The Chives and Pointal.
7. The Chives, magnified.
8. The Seed-bud, Shaft and Summit, magnified.
This species of Pultenæa was introduced, from New Holland, about the year 1792, by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, Hammersmith, and is undoubtedly one of the handsomest of the genus. It is difficult to increase as the seeds do not mature, and it is very rarely propagated by cuttings. It grows to the height of three or four feet; and, when in flower, makes a very brilliant appearance. It is not a long-liv’d plant; is very impatient of wet, and is easily hurt by the cold, so should be kept in a dry and warm part of the green-house, or even on a shelf in the hot-house, during the winter months. It thrives in very sandy peat earth without any mixture. Our drawing was made from a plant in the Hibbertian Collection, in the month of June, 1801.[Pg 65]
PLATE CCCXXI.
ARETHUSA PLICATA.
Plaited-leaved Arethusa.
CLASS XX. ORDER I.
GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA. Chives on the Pointal. Two Chives.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Spatha foliacea. Perianthium nullum.
Corolla, ringens; petala quinque, oblonga, subæqualia, duo exteriora, omnia conniventia in galeam.
Nectarium monophyllum, basi tubulosum, intra corollæ fundum, bipartitum; labio inferiore reflexo, lato, rugoso, longitudine petalorum, propendente; labio superiore lineari, tenerrimo, stylo adnato, apice lobato.
Stamina. Filamenta duo, brevissima, pistilli apici insidentia. Antheræ ovatæ, compressæ, tectæ duplicatura labii interioris nectarii.
Pistillum. Germen oblongum, inferum. Stylus oblongus, incurvus, labio interiore nectarii vestitus. Stigma infundibuliforme.
Pericarpium. Capsula oblongo-ovata, unilocularis, tri-valvis, angulis dehiscens.
Semina numerosa, acerosa.
Empalement. Sheath leafy. Cup none.
Blossom gaping. Five petals, oblong, nearly equal, two outer, all converging into a helmet.
Honey-cup one-leafed, tubular at the base, within the bottom of the blossom, two-parted; lower lip reflexed, broad, wrinkled, the length of the petals, hanging down forwards; upper lip linear, very delicate, fixed to the shaft, lobed at top.
Chives. Two threads, very short, sitting on the top of the pointal. Tips egg-shaped, flattened, covered by the folding of the inner lip of the honey-cup.
Pointal. Seed-bud oblong, beneath. Shaft oblong, incurved, cloathed by the inner lip of the honey-cup. Summit funnel-shaped.
Seed-vessel. Capsule oblong egg-shaped, one-celled, three-valved, splitting at the angles.
Seeds numerous, chaffy.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Arethusa radice globosa; folio cordato, plicato, hirsuto.
Arethusa with a globular root; leaf heart-shaped, plaited and hairy.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Plant, after the Flower has disappeared.
2. The Petals of the Flower, spread open.
3. The Honey-cup, spread open.
4. The Chives and Pointal.
5. The same, magnified; the hood, to which the chives are attached,
lifted up.
This singular little bulbous rooted plant was received this year, 1803, in the month of April, amongst a number of other curious new seeds and bulbs, from the East-Indies, by Aylmer Bourke Lambert, Esq. by whom they have been communicated to different collections. Although the plant has considerable affinity with Arethusa, yet we entertain doubts whether it should not be placed to Limodorum, as it wants many of the generic characters of the former genus, and but few, and those but trivial in its correspondence, to the latter. We have, notwithstanding, given it the title under which it was sent, submitting our judgment to what we conceive better authority. There is little doubt but the plant will soon be lost in our collections, as but few of this natural order are either to be propagated or kept by any cultivation we are at present acquainted with. Our figure was taken from a plant which flowered in the hot-house of J. Vere, Esquire, Kensington Gore, in the month of July, before there was any appearance of either root or leaf from the bulb. It was in flower at the same time in the Collection of Sir Abraham Hume, Bart. Wormley-Bury, Herts.[Pg 67]
PLATE CCCXXII.
PITCAIRNIA LATIFOLIA.
Broad-leaved Pitcairnia.
CLASS VI. ORDER I.
HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Six Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx triphyllus, semisuperus. Petala 3. Squama nectarifera ad basin petalorum. Stigmata tria contorta. Capsula tria, introrsum dehiscentes. Semina alata.
Empalement three-leaved, half superior. Petals three; with a scaly honey-cup at the base of the petals. Three summits twisted. Three capsules, splitting from the inside. Seeds winged.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Pitcairnia foliis integerrimis, basi subspinosis.
Pitcairnia with leaves quite entire, rather spiney at the base.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Empalement.
2. One of the Petals, with its scale at the base.
3. The Chives and Pointal, cleared from the Petals.
4. The Pointal, the Summits detached, magnified.
5. The Seed-bud, cut transversely.
The species of Pitcairnia here figured is a native of Jamaica, and was first introduced to Britain by Mr. A. Anderson, in the year 1785. It does not flower so readily as some of the other species, but is equally easy to increase; flourishes in rich earth, and may be kept on a shelf of the hot-house until its flower-stem appears; when, to encourage its flowering, it should be plunged in the bark-bed.—Our drawing was made, in the month of July, from a plant in the Collection of J. Vere, Esquire, Kensington Gore.[Pg 69]
PLATE CCCXXIII.
GERANIUM BARBATUM. Var. Minor.
Bearded-leaved Geranium. Lesser Var.
CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.
MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Threads united. Ten Chives.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Monogynia. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.
One Pointal. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Geranium foliis pinnatis; foliolis inequaliter, dentatis, apice barbatis; floribus umbellatis; petalis linearibus, recurvatis; staminibus quinque fertilibus, binis longioribus; scapo polystachio; radice tuberosa.
Geranium with winged leaves, leaflets unequally toothed, and bearded at the point; flowers grow in umbels, petals linear, recurved; five fertile chives, two longer; flower-stem branched; root tuberous.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Cup cut open, to shew its tubular structure.
2. The Chives and Pointal, natural size.
3. The Chives cut open, magnified.
4. The Pointal, natural size.
5. The same, magnified.
Our present figure is taken from a plant in the Hibbertian Collection, Clapham; and is a very strong variety of the Bearded-leaved Geranium of a former number, taken from the same source. It is, as far as appearances lead, no way differing in character from the rest of the tuberous species of this genus, to require any other treatment. Flowers in June or July.[Pg 71]
PLATE CCCXXIV.
MAGNOLIA PURPUREA.
Purple-flowered Magnolia.
CLASS XIII. ORDER VII. of Schreb. Gen. Plants.
POLYANDRIA POLYGYNIA. Many Chives. Many Pointals.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx 3-phyllus. Petala 6-12. Capsulæ 2-valves, imbricatæ. Semina baccata, pendula.
Cup 3-leaved. Petals 6-12. Capsules 2-valved, tiled. Seeds, berries, pendulous.
See Magnolia pumila, Pl. CCXXVI. Vol. IV.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Magnolia foliis obovatis, flaccidis; floribus purpureis; petalis obovatis, divaricatis.
Magnolia with inversely egg-shaped, flaccid leaves; flowers purple; petals inversely egg-shaped and straddling.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Chives and Pointals.
2. A Chive, magnified.
3. The Pointals.
This fine species of Magnolia is a native of China and Japan, was introduced to us by the late Mr. Slater of Laytonstone, to whom we are so much indebted for the greatest number of beautiful plants which have been imported from thence by any individual. It is a very free growing plant; will resist the severity of our winters, if planted in a warm situation, and is deciduous; but if kept in the conservatory, it retains its leaves the whole year, and flowers about June. It is propagated with ease by laying, or by cuttings, and thrives in peat earth, with a small mixture of loam. The plant from which our figure was taken is in the magnificent Conservatory of the Right Honourable the Marquis of Blandford, White Knights, near Reading, Berks; and, we believe, the finest specimen of this species of Magnolia in Britain.[Pg 73]
PLATE CCCXXV.
CODON ROYENI.
Prickly Codon.
CLASS XI. ORDER I.
DODECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Twelve Chives. One Pointal.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium monophyllum, duodecempartitum; foliolis subulatis, persistentibus, erectis, alternis brevioribus.
Corolla monopetala, campanulata, basi torulosa; limbo duodecimpartito, aquali.
Nectarium duodecim loculare ex squamis 12, unguibus staminum insertis, conniventibus, receptaculum tegentibus.
Stamina. Filamenta duodecim, longitudine corollæ. Antheræ crassæ.
Pistillum. Germen superum, conicum. Stylus simplex, longitudine staminum. Stigmata duo, longa, setacea, divergentia.
Pericarpium. Capsula bilocularis.
Semina plurima, subrotunda, nigra.
Empalement. Cup one-leaf, twelve-divided; leaflets awl-shaped, remaining, upright, the alternate ones shorter.
Blossom one petal, bell-shaped, rather swelled at the base; border twelve-divided, equal.
Honey-cup twelve-celled, consisting of 12 scales, inserted into the claws of the chives, approaching, covering the receptacle.
Chives. Twelve threads, the length of the blossom. Tips thick.
Pointal. Seed-bud above, conical. Shaft simple, the length of the chives. Summits two, long, like bristles, straddling.
Seed Vessel. Capsule two-celled.
Seeds numerous, roundish, black,
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Codon foliis alternis, cordato-ovatis, acuminatis, setaceo-spinosis; floribus subcapitatis, terminalibus.
Codon with alternate leaves, between heart-shaped and oval, tapered to the point, with spine-like bristles; flowers grow nearly in heads, terminating the branches.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Empalement.
2. A Blossom spread open, with the chives in their place.
3. The same shewn from the outside.
4. The Seed-bud, Shaft and Summits.
5. The Seed-bud, cut transversely.
As an interesting desideratum, this plant has stood long amongst botanical collectors; but till the year 1801, it was never seen, in a vegetating state, in Britain; at which period, it was introduced to our gardens, by Mr. Niven, from the Cape of Hope. It is not, we believe, (although considered hitherto as such,) an annual; but rather, a half woody shrub, easily destroyed by moisture. As the seed appears to ripen freely, although there seems no other mode of perpetuating the plant, we shall stand in no danger of losing it; its attractions are, indeed, not great as to beauty, but much so as to singularity; since we have no plant to which it affines in general habit. The seeds should be sown on a gentle hot-bed, in March, and transplanted when about two inches high, into pots, to flower, which they will do about September. Our drawing was made at the Hammersmith Nursery. Having had the opportunity of examining the flowers, of more than twenty plants; we are convinced it has been wrong placed by Van Royen to decandria; for although many flowers may be found, even on the same plant, some with eight, others with ten chives, yet at least 90 out of 100 have twelve; wherefore we have, without scruple, placed it to dodecandria.[Pg 75]
PLATE CCCXXVI.
PHARNACEUM LINEARE.
Linear-leaved Pharnaceum.
CLASS V. ORDER III.
PENTANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Five Chives. Three Pointal.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium pentaphyllum; foliolis subovatis, concavis, patentibus, æqualibus, persistentibus, intus coloratus, margine tenui.
Corolla nulla; hinc calycis margo tenuis et calyx interne coloratus.
Stamina. Filamenta quinque, subulata, longitudine calycis. Antheræ basi bifidæ.
Pistilla. Germen ovatum, trigonum. Styli tres, filiformes, longitudine staminum. Stigmata obtusa.
Pericarpium. Capsula ovata, obsoletè trigona, tecta, trilocularis, trivalvis.
Semina numerosa, nitida, orbiculata, depressa, margine acuto cincta.
Empalement. Cup five-leaved; leaflets nearly egg-shaped, concave, spreading, equal, permanent, coloured within, with a thin edge.
Blossom none; hence the edge of the cup is thin and the inside of it is coloured.
Chives. Five-threads, awl-shaped, the length of the cup. Tips cleft at the base.
Pointals. Seed-bud egg-shaped, three-sided. Shafts three, thread-shaped, the length of the chives. Summits blunt.
Seed-vessel. Capsule egg-shaped, bluntly three-cornered, covered, three-celled, three valves.
Seeds numerous, shining, orbicular, flattened, surrounded by a sharp rim.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Pharnaceum foliis linearibus, verticillatis; umbellis inequalibus; calycibus aurantiis; caule decumbente.
Pharnaceum with linear leaves, growing in whorls; umbels unequal; cups orange coloured; stem bending downwards.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Cup, shewn from the front, with the chives.
2. The same, shewn from the hind part attached to the fruit-stalk.
3. The Seed-bud and Pointals, natural size.
4. The same, magnified.
5. The Seed-bud, cut transversely, magnified.
This little plant much resembles our Corn Spurry, or Spergula arvensis, at first sight. It is a native of the Cape of Good Hope, seldom grows more than six inches high, and is very apt to be destroyed by the damps of our winters. It should be placed in the airyest part of the greenhouse, and kept in light sandy loam. To propagate it, the cuttings should be put in, about the month of March, in the heat of a gentle hot-bed, or the bark-bed of the hot-house; the seeds are sometimes perfected. It has been often introduced to us, but as often lost; as it is not a plant of much shew, no great deal of pains has, hitherto, been taken for its preservation. Our drawing was taken from a plant in the Hibbertian Collection, in the month of July, 1802.[Pg 77]
PLATE CCCXXVII.
XERANTHEMUM ARGENTEUM.
Silvery Everlasting-Flower.
CLASS XIX. ORDER II.
SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA. Tips united. Superfluous Pointals.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Receptaculum paleaceum. Pappus setaceus. Calyx imbricatus, radiatus; radio colorato.
Receptacle chaffy. Feather bristly. Cup tiled, rayed; ray coloured.
See Xeranthemum speciocissimum, V. I. Pl. LI.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Xeranthemum fruticosum; foliis lanceolatis, carinatis, sericeis; floribus paniculatis, argenteis.
Everlasting flower with a shrubby stem; leaves lance-shaped, keeled, and silky; flowers grow in panicles, and silvery.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. An hermaphrodite Floret, natural size.
2. The same, magnified.
3. An inner scale of the Empalement.
4. The Receptacle, cleared of the scales and florets.
5. A female Floret, magnified.
6. The Pointal of the above, natural size.
7. The same magnified.
This new species of Everlasting-flower was introduced to us, at the same time, with the X. spirale this work, Pl. CCLXII. by Montague Burgoyne, Esq. of Mark Hall, Essex, in the year 1801. It is a quick growing plant, and has flowered for the first time last April, when our drawing was taken. The flower stems grow to the length of eighteen inches, or more; and the buds, upon their first appearance, have a fine tint of flesh colour, which, however, totally disappears upon the expansion of the flower. It is propagated by cuttings, seeds, (which ripen in this country,) or by parting the branches at the root, as it makes many from one base, which are easily separated by passing a knife between them. It thrives best in sandy peat with a small portion of loam, and must be kept in an airy, dry part of the greenhouse.[Pg 79]
PLATE CCCXXVIII.
GERANIUM BUBONIFOLIUM.
Macedonian-Parsley-leaved Geranium.
CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.
MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Threads united. Ten Chives.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Monogyna. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, pentacoccus.
One Pointal. Five Summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry berries.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Geranium foliis pinnatis, pinnis oppositis, lobatis, distantibus, lobis inciso-dentatis, glabris; petalis emarginatis, albis; staminibus quinque fertilibus; radice tuberosa.
Geranium with winged leaves, wings opposite, lobed, distant, lobes deep cut and toothed, smooth; petals notched at the end, white, five fertile chives; root tuberous.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Cup cut and spread open.
2. The Chives and Pointal.
3. The Chives cut and spread open, magnified.
4. The Pointal, magnified.
This Geranium, from the Cape of Good Hope, is quite distinct in its habit, from most of the tuberous species; the leaflets or wings of the leaves being more hand-shaped, and at a greater distance from each other, than in any which has come under our observation; having much the appearance of those of the plant from which we have derived its specific title. The plant was introduced by Mr. Niven, to the Clapham Collection, in 1800; where our drawing was taken in the month of June, 1802. The cultivation as usual, for the plants of this branch of the Geranium family.[Pg 81]
PLATE CCCXXIX.
PHARNACEUM LINEARE. Var. flo. albo.
Linear-leaved Pharnaceum. White Var.
CLASS V. ORDER III.
PENTANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Five Chives. Three Pointals.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx 5-phyllus. Corolla nulla.
Capsula 3-locularis, polysperma.
Cup 5-leaved. Blossom none.
Capsule 3-celled, many-seeded.
See Pharnaceum lineare. Pl. CCCXXVI. V. V.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Pharnaceum foliis linearibus, verticillatis; umbellis inequalibus; calycibus albo-virentibus; caule decumbente.
Pharnaceum with linear leaves, growing in whorls; umbels unequal; cups whitish green; stem bending downwards.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Flower.
2. The Cup and Chives.
3. The Seed-bud and Pointals, natural size.
4. The same, magnified.
5. The Seed-bud, cut transversely, magnified.
We have given this variety of the linear-leaved Pharnaceum, at the same time with the orange-coloured, as being the only two Cape species, at present, in our gardens. It is equally tender and delicate with its fellow, is equally difficult to propagate; and was introduced, this last time, to the Hibbertian Collection in 1800, by Mr. Niven, with it.[Pg 83]
PLATE CCCXXX.
NYMPHÆA STELLATA.
Starr’d Water-Lily.
CLASS XIII. ORDER I.
POLYANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Many Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx 4, 5, seu 6-phyllus. Cor. polypetala. Bacca multilocularis, truncata.
Cup 4, 5 or 6-leaved. Bloss. many petals. Berry many-celled, appearing cut off at top.
See Nymphæa cœrulea, Pl. CXCVII. Vol. III.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Nymphæa foliis subrotundis, sinuatis, subtus purpurascentibus; lobis divaricatis, acutis; calyce tetraphyllo, petalis acutis cœruleis longiore.
Water-lily with nearly round leaves, scollopped and purplish underneath; lobes straddling and pointed; cup four-leaved, longer than the pointed, blue petals.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Cup divested of the petals.
2. A Chive, natural size.
3. The seed-vessel, nearly arrived to maturity.
4. The same, cut transversely.
This fine species of Water-lily is a native of the East Indies, on the Malabar coast; and has been given by Rheed, in his Hortus Malabaricus, Vol. II. p. 53. fig. 27. At first sight, it has much the appearance of N. cœrulea, but upon closer inspection it is found to possess many strongly differing characters, viz. In this, the under part of the leaves are purplish, the lobes straddle; in that, they are tiled, or lay upon each other; in N. stellata the petals or chives seldom exceed ten; whereas, the N. cœrulea has an indefinite number of both. The roots, likewise, are perfectly distinct; in N. cœrulea the diverging roots proceed from the lower part of the bulb, from whence the leaves issue, but in N. stellata from the top, leaving below them a smooth top-shaped bulb. The parts which compose the summit, or rather the summits, (for indeed we should consider them, if it lay with us, as distinct pointals,) are expanded horizontally when the flower is in its perfect state, forming a star like appearance, whence its specific name. It is much tenderer than N. cœrulea, and will not flower but in strong heat. Mr. Anderson informs us that the plants which have produced perfect seeds, this year, were from seeds, received by A. B. Lambert, Esq. (communicated by Dr. Roxburgh from India) in the month of March, and raised by him for the collection of J. Vere, Esq. Kensington Gore, where our drawing was made in August.[Pg 85]
PLATE CCCXXXI.
XYLOPHYLLA FALCATA.
Cymitar-shaped-leaved Xylophylla.
CLASS XXI. ORDER III.
MONŒCIA TRIANDRIA. Chives and Pointals separate. Three Chives.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
* Masculi flores.
Calyx. Perianthium monophyllum, tripartitum, coloratum; laciniis ovatis, patulis, ovatis.
Corolla. Petala tria, ovata, concava.
Stamina. Filamenta tria, brevissima, basi approximata. Antheræ subrotundæ, didymæ.
* Feminei flores in eodem fasciculo cum masculis.
Calyx. Perianthium ut in mare.
Corolla ut in mare.
Nectarium corpusculis glandulosis germen ambientibus.
Pistillum. Germen subrotundum, trisulcatum. Styli tres, patuli, bifidi. Stigmata obtusa.
Pericarpium. Capsula trigona, trisulca, trilocularis; loculis bivalvibus.
Semina solitaria.
* Male flowers.
Empalement. Cup one leaf, three divided, coloured; segments egg-shaped, spreading, oval.
Blossom. Petals three, egg-shaped, concave.
Chives. Threads three, very short, and approaching at the base. Tips roundish, double.
* Female flowers in the same tuft with the males.
Empalement. Cup as in the male.
Blossom as in the male.
Honey-cup is formed of small glandular bodies surrounding the seed-bud.
Pointal. Seed-bud roundish, three-furrowed. Shafts three, short. Summits blunt.
Seed-vessel. Capsule three-sided, three-furrowed, three cells; cells two-valved.
Seeds solitary.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Xylophylla foliis sparsis, integris, falcatis, crenatis; crenis remotis, floriferis; floribus rubris.
Xylophylla with leaves scattered on the stem, entire, cymitar-shaped and scolloped; the scollops distant, and having the flowers on them; flowers red.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A male flower, magnified.
2. The blossom of male flowers, spread open, with the honey-cups.
3. A Female flower, magnified.
4. The Germ from a female flower, cut transversely, magnified.
It should seem that this Genus has not been observed with sufficient accuracy, at least those plants known to us, and which have been treated of as belonging to the class Pentandria. The present one, for instance, which is unquestionably the plant designed by Swartz, Commelin, Seba, &c. an is acknowledged by Swartz to be triandrous and monœcious, yet that it should be continued in the Kew Catalogue and by Willdenow, &c. to Pentandria, is astonishing. We have no hesitation in declaring our opinion that the whole genus as it now stands ought to be thrown to Phyllanthus. But, as the title Xylophylla is so well known for these plants; we have thought it more safe to give the Genus those characters the plants bear under their true Class and Order, than make any alteration in it. The Xylophylla falcata is a native of the West India Islands, and has been long cultivated in our hot-houses; so long ago as the year 1739. It is a tender plant, and will not flower without the assistance of the bark-bed; is easily propagated by cuttings; grows best in sandy peat, and flowers in August. Our drawing was made at the Hammersmith Nursery.[Pg 87]
PLATE CCCXXXII.
PROTEA ANEMONIFOLIA.
Anemony-leaved Protea.
CLASS IV. ORDER I.
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Four Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Corolla 4-fida seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, insertæ petalis infra apicem. Calyx proprius nullus. Semina solitaria.
Blossom 4-cleft or 4 petals. Tips linear, inserted into the petals below the point. Empalement proper, none. Seeds solitary.
See Protea formosa, Pl. XVII. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Protea foliis pinnatis, pinnis planis, cuneiformibus, sub apice inciso-dentatis; capitalis terminalibus; squamis calycinis lanceolatis, glabris; floribus luteis.
Protea with winged leaves, wings flat, wedge-shaped, deeply toothed at the point; flower heads terminal; scales of the cup lance-shaped, smooth; flowers yellow.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. Flower complete, with its Seed-bud attached.
2. One of the petals of the flower, magnified.
3. Seed-bud, Shaft and Summit, the Summit detached and magnified.
The Protea Anemonifolia is one of the only three species of the Genus, we have, yet, received from New Holland. It was introduced to us, from thence, in the year 1792, by Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, Hammersmith; is a hardy green-house plant; grows to the height of three, or four feet; may be propagated by cuttings, and flowers in August. It thrives best in a mixture of light sandy loam, and peat earth, of each an equal quantity.[Pg 89]
PLATE CCCXXXIII.
SAGITTARIA LANCIFOLIA.
Lance-leaved Arrowhead.
CLASS XXI. ORDER VII.
MONŒCIA POLYANDRIA. Chives and Pointals separate. Many Chives.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
* Masculi flores plures.
Calyx. Perianthium triphyllum; foliolis ovatis, concavis, persistentibus.
Corolla. Petala tria, subrotunda, obtusa, plana, patientia, calyci triplo majora.
Stamina. Filamenta plurima (viginti quatuor sæpe), subulata, in capitulum congesta. Antheræ erectæ, longitudine calycis.
* Feminei flores pauciores, infra masculos.
Calyx. Perianthium ut in mare.
Corolla. Petala tria, ut in mare.
Pistilla. Germina numerosa, compressa, in capitulum congesta, extrorsum gibba, desinentia in stylos brevissimos. Stigmata acuta, persistentia.
Pericarpium nullum. Receptaculum globosum, semina in globum colligens.
Semina numerosa, oblonga, compressa, cincta longitudinaliter margine membranaceo, lato, hinc gibbo, utrinque acuminato.
* Male flowers many.
Empalement. Cup three leaves; leaflets egg-shaped, concave, remaining.
Blossom. Three petals, roundish, blunt, flat, spreading, three times the size of the cup.
Chives. Threads many (often twenty-four), awl-shaped, collected into a little head. Tips upright, the length of the cup.
* Female flowers fewer, beneath the males.
Empalement. Cup as in the male.
Blossom. Three petals, as in the male.
Pointals. Seed-buds numerous, flattened, forming a little head, hunched on the outerside, ending in very short shafts. Summits pointed, remaining.
Seed-vessel none. Receptacle globular, supporting the seeds in the form of a globe.
Seeds numerous, oblong, flattened, surrounded lengthways by a broad skinny border, hunched on one side, tapering to each end.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Sagittaria foliis lanceolato-ovatis.
Arrowhead with leaves between lance and egg-shaped.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The whole plant in miniature.
2. A male flower divested of the petals.
3. One of the Chives, magnified.
4. A female flower without its petals.
5. The receptacle with its pointals, cut perpendicularly, magnified.
All the species of this Genus of plants are aquatic, or water plants, and differ but little from each other, in their specific characters. Our present subject is a native of the West India Islands, and requires the atmosphere of a hot-house to induce it to flower. The blossoms, on the lower part of the flower-stem, are all females; and those on the upper part, males; they are all exceedingly delicate, as either wind, or wet, destroys them. It increases by offsets from the root; but the seeds do not ripen in this country. It must be kept in a pan or tub half filled with earth, and the other half with water, but does not require to be plunged in the tan-bed.
Our figure was taken from a plant which flowered this year 1803 (and, for the first time in Britain, as we are informed by Mr. Anderson), in the month of July, in the Collection of J. Vere, Esq. Kensington Gore.[Pg 91]
PLATE CCCXXXIV.
STRUTHIOLA TOMENTOSA.
Downy-leaved Struthiola.
CLASS IV. ORDER I.
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Four Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Perianthium diphyllum. Corolla tubulosa, 4-fida. Nectarium glandulæ octo fauci circumpositæ. Semen unum subbaccatum.
Cup two leaved. Blossom tubular, 4-cleft. Honey-cup 8 glands, placed round the mouth of the blossom. One seed like a berry.
See Struthiola imbricata, Pl. CXIII. Vol. II.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Struthiola foliis ovatis, concavis, callosis, tomentosis, imbricatis; nectario duodecim partito.
Struthiola with egg shaped leaves, concave, callous, downy and tiled; honey-cup with twelve divisions.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The two leaves of the Empalement, magnified.
2. A Flower complete, magnified.
3. A Blossom cut open, to shew the situation of the chives, magnified.
4. A Seed-bud, with the Shaft and Summit, a little magnified.
The Clapham Collection is the only one in which this curious species of Struthiola is, at present, to be seen. It was sent by Mr. Niven, from the Cape, in 1799, and flowered, for the first time, last year 1802, in the month of August, when our drawing was made. It is a tender Green-house plant, as are most of this natural order, from that country; being susceptible of too great moisture, either when exposed to the open air during heavy rains in summer, or from over watering in winter. Wherefore they are best preserved by sheltering them in an airy situation during summer, and giving them but little water in winter. It is encreased by cuttings, taken off in the month of May, planted in a pot, filled to the margin with sandy loam, and plunged under a hand-glass, in a shady border, without watering the loam. It grows most flourishing in a mixture of sandy peat and loam; the peat about one third part.[Pg 93]
PLATE CCCXXXV.
GLADIOLUS PYRAMIDATUS.
Pyramidal-spiked Gladiolus.
CLASS III. ORDER I.
TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Three Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Corolla sexpartita, ringens. Stamina adscendentia.
Blossom six-divided, gaping. Chives ascending.
See Gladiolus roseus, Pl. XI. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Gladiolus foliis ensiformibus, utrinque attenuatis, glabris; spathis præmorsis; spicis pyramidatis; floribus imbricatis, subringentibus.
Gladiolus with sword-shaped leaves, tapered to both ends, and smooth; sheaths appear bitten at the ends; spikes pyramid-shaped; flowers tiled, a little gaping.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. Part of a leaf.
2. The two Valves of the Sheath.
3. A Blossom cut open, to shew the insertion of the Chives.
4. The Seed-bud, Shaft and Summits.
This fine Gladiolus from the Cape of Good Hope, we believe, has not flowered, or is to be found, in any other collection than that of the Dowager Lady De Clifford, Paddington; where our drawing was taken in August, this year, 1803. It grows to the height of three feet; and the flowers continue to blow, from four to six at a time in succession, from the base of the spike. It is a hardy bulb, and has every appearance of being a free blower.[Pg 95]
PLATE CCCXXXVI.
ANCHUSA CAPENSIS.