August (or, as he afterwards called himself, Adolf) Ludwig Follen (21 January 1794 – 26 December 1855) was a German poet.

August Ludwig von Schlözer was a German historian and pedagogist who laid foundations for the critical study of Russian medieval history. He was a member of the Göttingen School of History.

August Mau was a prominent German art historian and archaeologist who worked with the Deutsches Archäologisches Institut while studying and classifying the Roman paintings at Pompeii, which was destroyed with the town of Herculaneum by volcanic eruption in 79 AD. The paintings were in remarkably good condition due to the preservation by the volcanic ash that covered the city. Mau first divided these paintings into the four Pompeian Styles still used as a classification.

Johann Albrecht Friedrich August Meineke, German classical scholar, was born at Soest in the Duchy of Westphalia. He was father-in-law to philologist Theodor Bergk.

Johann August Wilhelm Neander was a German theologian and church historian.

August Friedrich von Pauly was a German educator and classical philologist.

August Potthast, was a German historian, was born at Höxter, and was educated at Paderborn, Münster and Berlin.

August Sauer was an Austrian Germanist and literary historian. He is known for his publication of collected works by Franz Grillparzer, Ferdinand Raimund, Adalbert Stifter, et al.

August Schleicher was a German linguist. His great work was A Compendium of the Comparative Grammar of the Indo-European Languages in which he attempted to reconstruct the Proto-Indo-European language. To show how Indo-European might have looked, he created a short tale, Schleicher's fable, to exemplify the reconstructed vocabulary and aspects of Indo-European society inferred from it.

August Schmarsow was a German art historian.