Claude Chappuys (c. 1500 – 17 November 1575) was a 16th-century French poet.

Claude de L'Estoile was a French playwright and poet. He was a founder member of the Académie française.

(Achille) Claude Debussy was a French composer. He is sometimes seen as the first Impressionist composer, although he vigorously rejected the term. He was among the most influential composers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Claude Durand (1938–2015) was a French publisher, translator and writer. He worked in the French film industry editing films, and occasionally writing and directing.

Claude Esteban (26 July 1935, Paris – 10 April 2006, Paris) was a French poet.

Claude Farrère, pseudonym of Frédéric-Charles Bargone, was a French Navy officer and writer. Many of his novels are based in exotic locations such as Istanbul, Saigon, or Nagasaki.

Claude Favre de Vaugelas was a Savoyard grammarian and man of letters. Although a lifelong courtier, Claude Favre was widely known by the name of one of the landed estates he owned as seigneur of Vaugelas and baron of Peroges.

Claude Fleury, was a French priest, jurist, and ecclesiastical historian.

Claude Gauvard is a French historian and Middle Ages specialist. She has been the President of Société de l'histoire de France since 2009.

Claude Izner is the pseudonym of Liliane Korb and Laurence Lefèvre who write the "Victor Legris" crime novels. Legris is a bookseller in late 19th-century Paris who is also an amateur detective. The books were originally bestsellers in France, and are now published in the UK by Gallic Books.