Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus was a Dutch Christian humanist, philosopher, Catholic theologian, educationalist and satirist.

Erasmus Alberus was a German humanist, Lutheran reformer, and poet.

Erasmus Robert Darwin was an English physician. One of the key thinkers of the Midlands Enlightenment, he was also a natural philosopher, physiologist, slave-trade abolitionist, inventor, and poet.

Erasmus Jones was a Welsh-American minister and author.

Eratosthenes of Cyrene was a Greek polymath: a mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, and music theorist. He was a man of learning, becoming the chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria. His work is comparable to what is now known as the study of geography, and he introduced some of the terminology still used today.

Erckmann-Chatrian was the name used by French authors Émile Erckmann (1822–1899) and Alexandre Chatrian (1826–1890), nearly all of whose works were jointly written.

Ercole Strozzi was an Italian poet, the son of Tito Vespasiano Strozzi. He was a friend of Lucrezia Borgia, to whom he dedicated the poem La caccia. He married the poet Barbara Torelli and was murdered in Ferrara by an unknown assailant.

Erdmuthe Sophie von Sachsen was a Saxon princess from the Albertine line of the House of Wettin and, through marriage, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth. She was also an author, historian, and hymn composer.

Erhan Afyoncu is a Turkish historian, writer, academician, television programmer and columnist. Rector of the National Defense University.

Erhard Blankenburg was a German sociologist, specializing in the sociology of law.