Lyudmila Borisovna Narusova is a Russian politician, a member of the Federation Council of Russia, representing Tuva. From 2010 to 2012, she represented Bryansk Oblast in the Federation Council of Russia.

Lyudmila Mikhailovna Pavlichenko was a Soviet sniper in the Red Army during World War II.

Lyudmila Petranovskaya is a Russian psychologist and parenting expert, specialist in adoption, founder of the School for Adoptive Parents.

Lyudmila Stefanovna Petrushevskaya is a Russian writer, novelist and playwright. She began her career writing and putting on plays, which were often censored by the Soviet government, and following perestroika, published a number of well-respected works of prose.

Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Ocheretnaya is a Russian linguist who served as the First Lady of Russia from 2000 to 2008 and from 2012 to 2014 as the ex-wife of Vladimir Putin, the current president and former prime minister of Russia.

Lyudmila Vladimirovna Rudenko was a Soviet chess player and the second women's world chess champion, from 1950 until 1953.

Lyudmila Evgenyevna Ulitskaya is an internationally acclaimed modern Russian novelist and short-story writer who, in 2014, was awarded the prestigious Austrian State Prize for European Literature for her oeuvre. In 2006 she published Daniel Stein, Interpreter (Даниэль Штайн, переводчик), a novel dealing with the Holocaust and the need for reconciliation between Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Ulitskaya herself belongs to a group of people formed by the realities of the former Soviet Union, who see themselves racially and culturally as Jews, while having adopted Christianity as their religion. She won the 2012 Park Kyong-ni Prize.

Lyudmila Nikolayevna Vasilyeva was a Chuvash poet.

Lyudmila Verbitskaya was a Russian linguist and teacher. She served as president of Saint Petersburg State University.

Lyudmila Georgievna Zykina was a national folk singer of Russia.