Friar Pedro de Aguado was a Spanish Franciscan friar who spent around 15 years in the New Kingdom of Granada, preaching to the indigenous people. During this time he collected source material for a history of the region, and began a manuscript, Recopilación historial, which he completed in Spain between 1576 and 1583 but was unable to publish. The manuscript was used by other historians, but was not published until the twentieth century.

Pedro Espinosa, was a Spanish Baroque poet and anthologist.

Pedro Geoffroy Rivas was an anthropologist, poet, and linguist.

Pedro Grases was a Venezuelan writer, historian and literary critic. He won the National Prize for Literature in 1993.

Pedro Humberto Allende Sarón was one of the most important Chilean composers of the twentieth century. He obtained the prestigious Premio Nacional de Arte in 1945.

Pedro Juan Gutiérrez (born 27 January 1950, in Matanzas, Cuba) is a Cuban novelist.

Pedro Segundo Mardones Lemebel was a Chilean essayist, chronicler, performer and novelist. He was openly gay and known for his cutting critique of authoritarianism and for his humorous depiction of Chilean popular culture, from a queer perspective. He was nominated for Chile's National Literature Prize in 2014. He died of laryngeal cancer on 23 January 2015 in Santiago, Chile.

Father Pedro Lozano (1697–1752) was a Spanish ethnographer, historian and Jesuit Missionary.

Pedro Luis Boitel was a Cuban poet and dissident who opposed the governments of both Fulgencio Batista and Fidel Castro. In 1961, he was sentenced to 10 years in prison.

Pedro Mairal is an Argentinian novelist, poet and musician. He has published more than a dozen books, among them the novel La Uruguaya which won the Premio Juan Tigre in 2017. His work has been translated into French, German, Arabic, English and Dutch. In 2007, he was named as one of the Bogota39, a selection of the best young writers in Latin America. He also is part of the Generation of 90, with other argentine writers such as Fabián Casas, Santiago Vega, Samanta Schweblin and Selva Almada.