Roman Davidovich Timenchik is a Soviet and Israeli literary critic and a researcher on Russian literature of the 20th century.

Roman Dirge is an American comic book writer, artist, and former magician. He is best known as the creator of the comic book series Lenore, the Cute Little Dead Girl.

Roman Dyboski was a Polish philologist and literature scholar. Professor at the Jagiellonian University since 1911. Member of the Polish Academy of Learning.

Roman Frydman is an American, Polish born economist at New York University and the author of more than ten books treating macroeconomic theory and privatization.

Roman Borisovich Gul was a Russian émigré writer, his political position was leftist-liberal, he was critical towards the conservative, tsarist White Movement.

Roman Witold Ingarden was a Polish philosopher who worked in aesthetics, ontology, and phenomenology.

Roman Ivanovych Ivanychuk was a Soviet and Ukrainian writer and politician. He was the 1985 laureate of the Shevchenko National Prize. Between 1990 and 1994 he was a deputy of the Verkhovna Rada. In 2009, he received a title of Hero of Ukraine.

Roman Osipovich Jakobson was a Russian linguist and literary theorist.

Roman Abelevich Kachanov was a Soviet animator who worked primarily in the stop-motion animation technique. He directed the popular series of films about Cheburashka: Gena the Crocodile, Cheburashka, Shapoklyak and Cheburashka Goes to School.

Roman Lazarevich Karmen was a Soviet film director, war cinematographer, documentary filmmaker, journalist, screenwriter, pedagogue, and publicist.