Johann Ludwig Wilhelm Müller was a German lyric poet, best known as the author of Die schöne Müllerin (1823) and Winterreise (1828). These would later be the source of inspiration for two song cycles composed by Franz Schubert.

Wilhelm Nestle was a German philologist and philosopher.

Carl Johann Wilhelm Neumann was a Baltic German architect and art historian.

Wilhelm Nowack was a German economist who became a journalist and, more briefly, a radio producer. He was also politically engaged. A committed believer in democracy and supporter of the German republic, in 1924 he was a co-founder of the Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold movement. Much later, between 1949 and 1952, he served as a member of the ”Bundestag”, based at that time in Bonn. In 1951 he accepted an appointment as State Minister for Finance and Reconstruction for Rhineland-Palatinate, and just over a year later he resigned his seat in the Bundestag.

Wilhelm Oechsli was a Swiss historian.

Christian Friedrich Georg Wilhelm Oncken was a German historian.

Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald was a Baltic German chemist and philosopher. Ostwald is credited with being one of the founders of the field of physical chemistry, with Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Walther Nernst, and Svante Arrhenius. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1909 for his scientific contributions to the fields of catalysis, chemical equilibria and reaction velocities.

Johann Georg Wilhelm Pape was a German classical philologist and lexicographer. He is known today primarily as the author of his Griechisch-Deutsches Handwörterbuch [Concise Greek-German Dictionary], first published in 1842 and frequently reprinted in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Wilhelm Raabe was a German novelist. His early works were published under the pseudonym of Jakob Corvinus.

Wilhelm Rust was a German musicologist and composer. He is most noted today for his substantial contributions to the Bach Gesellschaft edition of the works of Johann Sebastian Bach.