LIST OF WORKS REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT.

Adamson, S. A. (88) Notes on a recent discovery of Stigmaria ficoides at Clayton, Yorkshire. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. XLIV. p. 375, 1888.

Agassiz, S. (88) Three Cruises of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Steamer “Blake” in the Gulf of Mexico, in the Caribbean Sea, and along the Atlantic Coast of the United States, from 1877 to 1880. London, 1888.

Andrae, K. J. (53) Fossile Flora Siebenbürgens und des Banates. Abhand. k. k. geol. Reichsanst. Bd. II. Abth. III. No. 4, 1853.

Andrussow, N. (87) Eine fossile Acetabularia als Gestein-bildender Organismus. Ann. k. k. nat. hist. Hofmuseum, Wien. Bd. II. Heft II. p. 77, 1887.

d’Archiac, E. J. A. (43) Description géologique du département de l’Aisne. Mém. Soc. Géol. France, vol. V. pt. II. p. 129, 1843.

Artis, F. T. (25) Antediluvian Phytology. London, 1825.

Baker, J. G. (87) Handbook of the Fern-Allies. London, 1887.

Balfour, J. H. (72) Palaeontological Botany. Edinburgh, 1872.

Barber, C. A. (89) The Structure of Pachytheca. Annals Bot. vol. III. p. 141, 1889.

—— (90) The Structure of Pachytheca. Ibid. vol. V. p. 145, 1890.

—— (92) Nematophycus Storriei, nov. sp. Ibid. vol. VI. p. 329, 1892.

Barrois, C. (88) Note sur l’existence du genre Oldhamia dans les Pyrénées. Ann. Soc. Géol. Nord, vol. XV. p. 154, 1888.

Barton, R. (1751) Lectures in Natural Philosophy. Dublin, 1751.

Bary, A. de. (84) Comparative anatomy of the vegetative organs of the Phanerogams and Ferns. Oxford, 1884.

—— (87) Lectures on Bacteria. Oxford, 1887.

Bates, H. W. (63) The Naturalist on the River Amazons. London, 1863. 2 vols.

Bateson, W. B. (88) Suggestion that certain fossils known as Bilobites may be regarded as casts of Balanoglossus. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. vol. VI. p. 298, 1888.

Batters, E. A. (90) Vide Holmes, E. M.

—— (92) On Conchocelis, a new genus of perforating Algae. Phycological Memoirs. London, p. 25, 1892.

Benecke, E. W. (76) Geognostisch-paläontologische Beiträge. Vol. II. Heft III., 1876.

Bennett, J. J. and Brown, R. (38). Plantae Javanicae. London, 1838–52.

Bentham, G. (70) Presidential Address. Proc. Linn. Soc. p. lxxiv. 1869–70.

Bertrand, C. E. (93) Les Bogheads à Algues. Bull. Soc. Belg. Géol. Paléont. Hydrol. vol. VII. p. 45, 1893.

—— (96) Nouvelles remarques sur le Kerosene Shale de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud. Soc. d’hist. nat. Autun, 1896.

Bertrand, C. E. and Renault, B. (92) Pila bibractensis et le Boghead d’Autun. Soc. d’hist. nat. Autun., 1892.

—— (94) Reinschia Australia et premières remarques sur le Kerosene Shale de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud. Soc. d’hist. nat. Autun, 1894.

Binney, E. W. (68) Observations on the Structure of Fossil plants found in the Carboniferous Strata. Pt. I. Calamites and Calamodendron. Palaeont. Soc. London, 1868.

—— (71) Ibid. Pt. II. Lepidostrobus and some allied cones.

Bischoff, G. W. (28) Die cryptogamischen Gewächse. Nürnberg, 1828.

Bornemann, J. G. (56) Über organische Reste der Lettenkohlen-Gruppe Thüringens. Leipzig, 1856.

—— (86) Geologische Algenstudien. Jahrb. K. Preuss. Geol. Landesanst. Bergakad., 1886.

—— (87) Die Versteinerungen des Cambrischen Schichtensystems der Insel Sardinien. Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Car. vol. LI., 1887.

—— (91) Ibid. vol. LVI., 1891.

Bornet, E. and Flahault. (89) Note sur deux nouveaux genres d’algues perforantes. Journ. Bot. vol. II. p. 161, 1888.

—— (892) Sur quelques plantes vivant dans le test calcaire des mollusques. Bull. Soc. Bot. France, vol. XXXVI. p. clxvii., 1889.

Bower, F. O. (94) Studies in the morphology of Spore-producing members. Equisetineae and Lycopodineae. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. vol. CLXXXV. B. p. 473, 1894.

Brongniart, A. (22) Sur la classification et la distribution des végétaux fossiles en général. Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, vol. VIII. p. 233, 1822.

—— (28) Prodrome d’une histoire des végétaux fossiles. Paris, 1828.

—— (282) Histoire des végétaux fossiles. Paris, 1828.

—— (39) Observations sur la structure intérieure du Sigillaria elegans. Arch. Mus. d’hist. nat. vol. I. p. 405, 1839.

—— (49) Tableau des genres de végétaux fossiles. Extrait du Dictionnaire d’histoire naturelle, vol. XIII. p. 49. Paris, 1849.

Brown, A. (94) On the structure and affinities of the genus Solenopora. Geol. Mag. [4] vol. I. p. 145, 1894.

Brown, R. (11) Some observations on the parts of fructification in Mosses, with characters and descriptions of two new genera of that order. Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. X. p. 312, 1811.

—— (38) Vide Bennett, J. J.

Bryce, J. (72) The Geology of Arran. Glasgow and London, 1872.

Buckland, W. (37) Geology and Mineralogy considered with reference to Natural Theology. London, 1858.

Buckman, J. (50) On some fossil plants from the Lower Lias. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. VI. p. 413, 1850.

Bunbury, C. J. F. (51) On some fossil plants from the Jurassic Strata of the Yorkshire Coast. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. VII. p. 179, 1851.

—— (61) Notes on a collection of fossil plants from Nágpur, Central India. Ibid. vol. XVII. p. 325, 1861.

—— (83) Botanical Fragments. London, 1883.

Bütschli, O. (83) Bronn’s Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs, vol. I. Leipzig and Heidelberg, 1883–87.

Campbell, D. (95) The structure and development of the Mosses and Ferns. London, 1895.

Carpenter, W. B., Parker, W. K. and Jones, T. R. (62) Introduction to the study of the Foraminifera. (Ray Society) London, 1862.

Carruthers, W. (67) On the structure of the fruit of Calamites. Journ. Bot. Vol. V. 1867.

—— (70) On the structure of a Fern stem from the Lower Eocene of Herne Bay. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. XXVI. p. 349, 1870.

—— (71) On some supposed vegetable fossils. Ibid. vol. XXVII. p 443, 1871.

—— (72) On the history, histological structure, and affinities of Nematophycus Logani, Carr. (Prototaxites Logani, Dawson), an alga of Devonian age. Micros. Journ. vol. VIII. p. 160, 1872.

—— (722) Vide Woodward, H., p. 168.

— (76) Address before the Geologists’ Association, 1876–77. Proc. Geol. Assoc. vol. V. p. 17, 1876.

Cash, W. and Hick, T. (78) A contribution to the flora of the Lower Coal-Measures of the Parish of Halifax, Yorkshire. Proc. Yorks. Geol. Polyt. Soc. vol. VII. p. 73, 1878–81.

—— (782) On fossil fungi from the Lower Coal-Measures of Halifax. Proc. Yorks. Geol. Polyt. Soc. vol. VII. p. 115, 1878.

—— (81) A contribution to the flora of the Lower Coal-Measures of the Parish of Halifax, Yorkshire. Pt. III. Proc. Yorks. Geol. Polyt. Soc. vol. VII. p. 400, 1881.

Castracane, F. (76) Die Diatomeen in der Kohlenperiode. Pringsheim’s Jahrb. vol. X. p. 1, 1876.

Cayeux, L. (92) Sur la présence de nombreuses Diatomées dans les gaizes crétacées du bassin de Paris. Compt. Rend. vol. CXIV. p. 375, 1892.

—— (97) Contribution à l’étude micrographique des terrains sédimentaires. Mém. Soc. Géol. Nord, vol. IV. ii. Lille, 1897.

Challenger.” Reports on the Scientific results of the Voyage of H.M.S. “Challenger” during the years 1873–76, under the command of Captain Nares and Captain Thomson. Prepared under the Superintendence of Sir C. Wyville Thomson and John Murray. London, 1880–95.

—— (85) Narrative, vols. I. and II. 1882–85.

—— (91) Deep Sea Deposits. J. Murray and A. F. Renard, 1891.

Christison, R. (76) Notice of Fossil trees recently discovered in Craigleith Quarry near Edinburgh. Phil. Trans. Edinburgh, vol. XXVII. p. 203, 1876.

Church, A. H. (95) The structure of the Thallus of Neomeris dumetosa, Lam. Annals Bot. vol. IX. p. 581, 1895.

Coemans, E. and Kickx, J. J. (64) Monographie des Sphenophyllum d’Europe. Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg. vol. XVIII. [2] p. 160, 1864.

Cohn, F. (62) Über die Algen des Carlsbader Sprudels und deren Antheil an der Bildung des Sprudel-Sinters. Abh. Schles. Ges. vaterland. Cultur, 1862, p. 65.

Cole, G. (94) On some examples of cone-in-cone structure. Mineral. Journ. vol. X. 1894.

Comstock, T. H. (88) An introduction to Entomology. Ithaca, 1888.

Conwentz, H. (78) Über ein tertiäres Vorkommen Cypressenartiger Hölzer bei Calistoga in Californien. Neues Jahrb. p. 800, 1878.

—— (80) Die fossilen Hölzer von Karlsdorf am Zobten. 1880.

—— (90) Monographie der baltischen Bernsteinbäume. Danzig, 1890.

—— (96) On English Amber and Amber generally. Nat. Science, vol. IX. p. 99, 1896.

Corda, A. J. (45) Beiträge zur Flora der Vorwelt. Prag, 1845. (New edition, unaltered, 1867.)

Cormack, B. G. (93) On a cambial development in Equisetum. Annals Bot. vol. VII. p. 63, 1893.

Costa, Mendes da. (1758) An account of the impressions of plants on the slates of coal. Phil. Trans. R. S. London, vol. L. p. 228, 1758.

Cotta, C. B. (50) Die Dendrolithen in Beziehung auf ihren inneren Bau. Dresden, 1850. (Original edition, 1832.)

Cramer, C. (87) Über die verticillaten Siphoneen, besonders Neomeris und Cymopolia. Denksch. Schweiz. Nat. Ges. vol. XXV. 1887.

—— (90) Über die verticillaten Siphoneen, besonders Neomeris und Bornetella. Denksch. Schweiz. Nat. Ges. vol. XXXII. 1890.

Credner, H. (87) Elemente der Geologie. Leipzig, 1887.

Crépin, F. (81) L’emploi de la Photographie pour la reproduction des empreintes végétales. Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. vol. XX. pt. II. 1881.

Damon, R. (88) A supplement to the geology of Weymouth and the Isle of Portland. Weymouth, 1888.

Darwin, C. (82) The Origin of Species. (Edit. 6.) London, 1882.

—— (87) The life and letters of Charles Darwin. Edited by Francis Darwin. London, 1887. (Edit. 2.)

—— (90) A Naturalist’s Voyage. London, 1890.

Dawson, J. W. (59) On fossil plants from the Devonian rocks of Canada. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. XV. p. 477, 1859.

—— (66) On the conditions of the deposition of coal. Ibid. vol. XXII. p. 95, 1866.

—— (71) The fossil plants of the Devonian and Upper Silurian formations of Canada. Geol. Surv. Canada, 1871.

—— (81) Notes on new Erian (Devonian) plants. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. XXXVII. p. 299, 1881.

—— (82) Notes on Prototaxites and Pachytheca discovered by Dr Hicks in the Denbighshire Grits of Corwen, North Wales. Ibid. vol. XXXVIII. p. 103, 1882.

—— (88) The geological history of plants. London, 1888.

—— (90) On burrows and tracks of invertebrate animals in Palaeozoic rocks. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. XLVI. p. 595, 1890.

Deecke, W. (83) Über einige neue Siphoneen. Neues Jahrb. Jahrg. I. p. 1, 1883.

Defrance. (26) Dictionnaire des Sciences naturelles. Article Polytrype, vol. XLII. p. 453, 1826.

Delgado, J. F. N. (86) Étude sur les Bilobites. Secc. Trav. Géol. Portugal. Lisbon, 1886.

Dixon, H. H. and Joly, J. (97) Coccoliths in our coastal waters. Nature, vol. LVI. p. 468, 1897.

Dixon, H. N. and Jameson, H. G. (96) The Student’s Handbook of British Mosses. London, 1896.

Duncan, P. M. (76) On some unicellular algae parasitic within Silurian and Tertiary Corals, with a notice of their presence in Calceolina sandalina and other fossils. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. XXXII. p. 205, 1876.

—— (762) On some Thallophytes parasitic within recent Madreporaria. Proc. R. Soc. vol. XXV. p. 238, 1876.

Dunker, W. (46) Monographie der norddeutschen Wealdenbildung. Braunschweig, 1846.

Duval-Jouve, J. (64) Histoire naturelle des Equisetum de France. Paris, 1864.

Ehrenberg, C. G. (36) Über das Massenverhältniss der jetzt lebenden Kieselfusorien und über ein neues Infusiorien-Conglomerat als Polirschiefer von Jastrabo in Ungarn. Abh. k. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1836, p. 109.

—— (54) Mikrogeologie. Leipzig, 1854.

Ellis, J. (1755) An essay towards a Natural History of the Corallines. London, 1755.

Engelhardt, H. (87) Über Rosselinia conjugata (Beck.) eine neue Pilzart aus der Braunkohlen-formation Sachsens. Ges. Isis. Dresden, Abh. 4, p. 33, 1887.

Etheridge, R. (81) Vide Hicks, H.

Etheridge, R. junr. (92) On the occurrence of microscopic fungi, allied to the genus Palaeachyla, Duncan, in the Permo-Carboniferous rocks of New South Wales and Queensland. Rec. Geol. Surv. N.S.W. Pt. III. p. 95, 1892.

—— (95) On the occurrence of a plant in the Newcastle or Upper Coal-Measures possessing characters both of the genera Phyllotheca Brongn. and Cingularia Weiss. Ibid. vol. IV. Pt. IV. p. 148, 1895.

Ettingshausen, C. von. (55) Die Steinkohlenflora von Radnitz in Böhmen. Abhand. k. k. geol. Reichsanst. Wien, vol. II. p. 1, 1855.

—— (66) Die fossile Flora des Mährisch-Schlesischen Dachschiefers. Ibid. vol. XXV. p. 77, 1866.

Ettingshausen, C. von and Gardner, J. S. (79) A monograph of the British Eocene Flora. Palaeontographical Society. London, 1879–1882.

Feilden, H. W. (96) Note on the glacial Geology of Arctic Europe and its islands. Pt. I. Kolguev Island. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. LII. p. 52, 1896. Appendix by A. C. Seward, p. 61.

Feistmantel, O. (73) Das Kohlenvorkommen bei Rothwaltersdorf in der Grafschaft Glatz und dessen organische Einschlüsse. Zeit. Deutsch. Geol. Ges. vol. XXV. p. 463, 1873.

—— (75) Die Versteinerungen der böhmischen Kohlenablagerungen. Palaeontograph. vol. XXIII. p. 1, 1875–76.

—— (81) The Fossil Flora of the Gondwana System. Mem. Geol. Surv. India, (Ser. XII.) vol. III. 1881. (The Flora of the Damuda-Panchet Divisions, pp. 1–77. Pls. I. A–XVI. A bis, 1880.)

—— (90) Geological and palaeontological relations of the Coal and plant-bearing beds of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic age in Eastern Australia and Tasmania. Mem. Geol. Surv. N. S. Wales. Palaeontology, No. 3, 1890.

Felix, J. (86) Untersuchungen über den inneren Bau westfälischer Carbon-Pflanzen. Abh. Geol. Landesanst. 1886, p. 153.

—— (94) Studien über fossile Pilze. Zeit. deutsch. geol. Ges. Heft I. p. 269, 1894.

—— (96) Untersuchungen über den inneren Bau westfälischer Carbon-pflanzen. Földtani Közlöny, vol. XXVI. p. 165, 1896.

Fischer, A. (92) Die Pilze. Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen Flora, vol. I. Abt. IV. Leipzig, 1892.

Fliche, P. and Bleicher, —. Étude sur la flore de l’oolithe inférieure aux environs de Nancy. Bull. Soc. Sci. Nancy, vol. V. [2] p. 54, 1881.

Forbes, E. (56) On the Tertiary fluviomarine formation of the Isle of Wight. Mem. Geol. Surv. 1856.

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Früh, J. (90) Zur Kenntniss der gesteinbildenden Algen. Abh. Schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. XVIII. 1890.

Fuchs, T. (94) Über eine fossile Halimeda aus dem Eocänen Sandstein von Greifenstein. Sitzbericht. Abh. Wien, vol. CIII. Abt. I. p. 300, 1894.

—— (95) Studien über Fucoiden und Hieroglyphen. Denksch. Akad. Wien, vol. LXII. p. 369, 1895.

Gardner, J. S. (79) Vide Ettingshausen.

—— (84) Fossil plants. Proc. Geol. Assoc. vol. VIII. p. 299, 1884.

—— (86) On Mesozoic Angiosperms. Geol. Mag. vol. III. p. 193, 1886.

—— (87) On the leaf-beds and gravels of Ardtun, Carsaig, &c., in Mull. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. XLIII. p. 270, 1887.

Geikie, A. (93) A Text-book of Geology. London, 1893. (Edit iii.)

Geinitz, H. B. (55) Die Versteinerungen der Steinkohlenformation in Sachsen. Leipzig, 1855.

Germar, E. F. (44) Die Versteinerungen des Steinkohlengebirges von Wettin und Löbejün in Saalkreis, bildlich dargestellt und beschrieben. Halle, 1844–53.

Germar, E. F. and Kaulfuss, F. (31) Über einige merkwürdige Pflanzen-Abdrücke. Nova Acta Leop. Car. vol. XV. 1831.

Giesenhagen, K. (92) Über hygrophile Farne. Flora, vol. LXXVI. p. 157, 1892.

Gomont, M. (88) Recherches sur les enveloppes cellulaires des nostocacées filamenteuses. Bull. Soc. Bot. France, vol. XXXV. p. 204, 1888.

—— (92) Monographie des Oscillariées. Ann. Sci. Nat. vol. XV. [7] p. 263, 1892.

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—— (362) Die fossilen Farnkräuter. Nova Acta Leop. Car. vol. XVII. (Supplt.) 1836.

—— (45) Tchihatcheff’s Voyage Scientifique dans l’Altaï oriental, pp. 379–390. Paris, 1845.

—— (52) Über die Flora des Übergangsgebirges. Nova Acta Ac. Caes. Leop. Car. vol. XXII. (Supplt.) 1852.

—— (57) Über den versteinten Wald von Radowenz bei Adersbach in Böhmen und über den Versteinerungsprocess überhaupt. Jahrb. k. k. Geol. Reichs. Wien, vol. VIII. p. 725, 1857.

—— (60) Über die fossile Flora der Silurischen, der Devonischen und unteren Kohlenformation. Nova Acta Ac. Caes. Leop. Car. vol. XXVII. p. 427, 1860.

—— (64) Die fossile Flora der Permischen Formation. Palaeontograph. vol. XII. 1864–65.

Göppert, H. R. and Berendt, G. C. (45) Der Bernstein und die in ihm befindlichen Pflanzenreste der Vorwelt. Berlin, 1845.

Göppert, H. R. and Menge, A. (83) Die Flora des Bernsteins. Vol. I. Danzig, 1883.

Gottsche, C. M. (86) Über die im Bernstein eingeschlossenen Lebermoose. Bot. Central. vol. XXV. p. 95, 1886.

Grand’Eury, C. (69) Observations sur les Calamites et les Asterophyllites. Compt. Rend. vol. LXVIII. p. 705, 1869.

—— (77) Flora Carbonifère du dépt. de la Loire et du centre de la France. Mém. Ac. Sci. Paris, vol. XXIV. 1877.

—— (82) Mémoire sur la formation de la houille. Ann. Mines, vol. I. 1882.

—— (87) Formation des couches de houille et du terrain houiller. Mém. Soc. Géol. France, vol. IV. [3] 1887.

—— (89) Calamariées. Arthropitus et Calamodendron. Compt. Rend. vol. CVIII. p. 1086, 1889.

—— (90) Géologie et paléontologie du bassin houiller du Gard. St. Étienne, 1890.

Greville, R. K. (47) Notice of a new species of Dawsonia. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. vol. XIX. p. 226, 1847.

Guillemard, F. H. H. (86) The Cruise of the “Marchesa” to Kamschatka and New Guinea. London, 1886.

Gümbel, C. W. (71) Die sogenannten Nulliporen. Pt. ii. Abh. k. Münchener Akad. Wiss. vol. XI. p. 231, 1871.

Gutbier, A. von. (49) Die Versteinerungen des Rothliegendes in Sachsen. Dresden and Leipzig, 1849.

Haberlandt, G. (96) Physiologische Pflanzenanatomie (edit. 2). Leipzig, 1896.

Hall, J. (47) and (52) Natural History of New York. Palaeontology. Vol. I. Albany, 1847, vol. II. Albany, 1852.

Harker, A. (95) Petrology for students. Cambridge,1895.

Harper, R. A. (95) Die Entwickelung des Peritheciums bei Sphaerotheca Castagnei. Bericht. deutsch. Bot. Ges. vol. XIII. p. 475, 1895.

Harrison, J. B. (91) Vide Jukes-Browne.

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—— (94) Text-book of the diseases of trees. (Translation by W. Somerville.) London, 1894.

Harvey, W. H. (58) Phycologia Australica. London, 1858.

Hauck, F. (85) Die Meeresalgen Deutschlands und Oesterreichs. Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen Flora, vol. II. Leipzig, 1885.

Heer, O. (53) Beschreibung der angeführten Pflanzen und Insekten. Neue Denksch. Schweiz. Ges. gesammt. Wiss. Vol. XIII. 5, p. 117, 1853. (Appendix to a Memoir by A. Escher v. d. Linth.)

—— (55) Flora Tertiaria Helvetiae. Winterthur, 1855.

—— (65) Die Urwelt der Schweiz. Zürich, 1865.

—— (68) Flora fossilis Arctica. Die fossile Flora der Polarlände. Vol. I. 1868. Vol. II. 1871. Vol. III. 1875. Vol. IV. 1877. Vol. V. 1878. Vols. VI. and VII., Flor. foss. Grön. Die fossile Flora Grönlands. 1882–83.

—— (76) Flora fossilis Helvetiae. Zürich, 1876.

—— (77) Beiträge zur Jura-Flora Ost-Sibiriens und des Amurlandes. Flora fossilis Arctica, vol. V. Zürich, 1877.

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Heim, A. (78) Untersuchungen über den Mechanismus der Gebirgsbildung. Basel, 1878.

Heinricher, E. (82) Die näheren Vorgänge bei der Sporenbildung der Salvina natans verglichen mit den der übrigen Rhizocarpeen. Sitzber. kais. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. LXXXVII. Abt. I. p. 494, 1882.

Hensen, V. (92) Ergebnisse der in dem Atlantischen Ocean Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt Stiftung. Kiel and Leipzig, vol. I. 1892.

Herzer, H. (93) A new fungus from the Coal-Measures. American Geologist, vol. XI. p. 365, 1893.

Hick, T. (78) and (81) Vide Cash, W.

—— (93) Calamostachys Binneyana, Schimp. Proc. Yorks. Geol. Polytech. Soc. vol. XII. pt. IV. p. 279, 1893.

—— (932) The fruit-spike of Calamites. Nat. Science, vol. II. p. 354, 1893.

—— (94) On the primary structure of the stem of Calamites. Proc. Lit. and Phil. Soc. [4] vol. VIII. p. 158. Manchester, 1894.

—— (95) On the structure of the leaves of Calamites. Ibid. vol. IX. [4] p. 179, 1895.

—— (96) On a sporangiferous spike, from the Middle Coal-Measures, near Rochdale. Ibid. vol. X. [4] p. 73, 1896.

Hicks, H. (81) On the discovery of some remains of plants at the base of the Denbighshire grits, near Corwen, N. Wales; with an appendix by R. Etheridge. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. XXXVII. p. 482, 1881.

Hinde, G. J. and Fox, H. (95) On a well-marked horizon of Radiolarian rocks in the Lower Culm-Measures of Devon, Cornwall and West Somerset. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. LI. p. 609, 1895.

Hirschwald, J. (73) Über Umwandlung von verstürzter Holzzimmerung in Braunkohle im alten Mann der Grube Dorothea bei Clausthal. Zeit. deutsch. geol Ges. vol. XXV. p. 364, 1873.

Holmes, E. M. and Batters, E. A. (90) A revised list of British marine algae. Annals Bot. vol. V. p. 63, 1890–91.

Holmes, W. H. (80) Fossil forests of the Volcanic Tertiary formations of the Yellowstone National Park. Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. vol. V. no. 2, 1880.

Hooker, J. D. (44) The Botany of the Antarctic voyage of H. M. Discovery Ships “Erebus” and “Terror” in the years 1839–43. London, 1844.

—— (53) Vide Strickland.

—— (81) Presidential Address before Section E of the York meeting of the British Association. Annual Report, p. 727, 1881.

—— (89) On Pachytheca. Annals Bot. vol. III. p. 135, 1889.

—— (91) Himalayan Journals. London, 1891. (Minerva Library Edition.)

Hooker, W. J. (20) Musci Exotici. Vol. II. London, 1820.

—— (61) A second century of ferns. London, 1861.

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James, J. F. (93) Studies in the problematic organisms. No. 2. The genus Fucoides. Journ. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist. 1893.

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—— (933) Fossil fungi. Translated from the French of R. Ferry, with remarks. Journ. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist. 1893, p. 94.

Judeich, J. F. and Nitsche, F. (95) Lehrbuch der mitteleuropäischen Forstinsektenkunde. Vienna, 1895.

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Jukes-Browne, A. J. and Harrison, J. B. (91) The Geology of Barbados. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. XLVII. p. 197, 1891.

Kayser, E. (95) Text-book of Comparative Geology. (Translated and edited by P. Lake.) London, 1895.

Kent, S. (93) The Great Barrier Reef of Australia. London, 1893.

Kickx, J. J. (64) Vide Coemans, E.

Kidston, R. (83) Report on fossil plants collected by the Geological Survey of Scotland in Eskdale and Liddesdale. Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh, vol. XXX. p. 531, 1883.

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—— (86) Catalogue of the Palaeozoic plants in the department of geology and palaeontology, British Museum. London, 1886.

—— (88) Vide Young.

—— (90) On the fructification of Sphenophyllum trichomatosum, Stur, from the Yorkshire Coal-field. Proc. R. Soc. Phys. Edinburgh, vol. XI. p. 56, 1890–91.

—— (902) Note on the Palaeozoic species mentioned in Lindley and Hutton’s fossil Flora. Proc. R. Soc. Phys. Edinburgh, vol. X. p. 345, 1890–91.

—— (92) On the occurrence of the genus Equisetum (E. Hemingwayi, Kidston) in the Yorkshire Coal-Measures. Annals Mag. Nat. Hist. vol. IX. [6] p. 138, 1892.

—— (93) On the fossil plants of the Kilmarnock, Galston, and Kilwinning Coal-fields, Ayrshire. Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh, vol. XXXVII. pt. II. p. 307, 1893.

—— (94) On the various divisions of British Carboniferous rocks as determined by their fossil flora. Proc. R. Soc. Phys. Soc. Edinburgh, vol. XII. p. 183, 1894.

Kinahan, J. R. (58) The genus Oldhamia. Trans. R. Irish Acad. vol. XXIII. p. 547, 1858.

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Kitton, F. (81) Vide Shrubsole, W. H.

KJellman, F. R. (83) The Algae of the Arctic Sea. Kongl. Svensk Vetenskaps Akad. Hand. vol. XX. no. 5, 1883.

Knowlton, F. H. (89) Fossil wood and lignite of the Potomac formation. Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. no. 56, 1889.

—— (892) Description of a problematic organism from the Devonian at the falls of the Ohio. Amer. Journ. Science, vol. XXXVII. [3] p. 202, 1889.

—— (94) Fossil plants as aids to geology. Journ. Geol. vol. II. no. 4, p. 365, 1894.

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Koechlin-Schlumberger, J. Vide Schimper, W. P.

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König, C. (29) Vide Murchison (29) p. 298.

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Leckenby, J. (64) On the sandstones and shales of the Oolites of Scarborough, with descriptions of some new species of fossil plants. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. XX. p. 74, 1864.

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Lesquereux, L. (66) Geological Survey of Illinois. Vol. II. New York, 1866.

—— (70) Ibid. vol. IV. 1870.

—— (79) Atlas to the Coal Flora of Pennsylvania and of the Carboniferous formation throughout the United States. Second Geol. Surv. Penn. Report of Progress P. Harrisburg, 1879.

—— (80) Description of the Coal Flora of the Carboniferous formation in Pennsylvania and throughout the United States. Ibid. 1880 and 1884.

—— (84) Ibid. vol. III. 1884.

—— (87) A species of Fungus recently discovered in the shale of the Darlington Coal bed at Canneton, Pennsylvania. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. vol. XVII. p. 173, 1887.

Lhwyd (Luidius), E. (1760) (1699) Lithophylacii Britannici ichnographia. Oxford, 1760. (First edition published in 1699.)

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Lindenberg, J. B. W. (39) Species Hepaticarum. Bonn, 1839.

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Vol. I. Pls. 1–79; 1831–33.
Vol. II. Pls. 80–156; 1833–35.
Vol. III. Pls. 157–230; 1837.

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Lister, A. (94) A monograph of the Mycetozoa, being a descriptive Catalogue of the species in the Herbarium of the British Museum. London, 1894.

Ludwig, R. (57) Fossile Pflanzen aus der jüngsten Wetterauer Braunkohle. Palaeontograph, vol. V. p. 81, 1857.

—— (59) Fossile Pflanzen aus der ältesten Abtheilung der Rheinisch-Wetterauer Tertiär-Formation. Palaeontograph, vol. VIII.

Luerssen, C. (89) Die Farnpflanzen oder Gefässbündelkryptogamen. Rabenhorst’s Krypt. Flora, vol. III. Leipzig, 1889.

Lydekker, R. (89) Vide Nicholson.

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M‘Coy, F. (47) On the Fossil Botany and Zoology of the rocks associated with the coal of Australia. Annals Mag. Nat. Hist. vol. XX. p. 145, 1847.

Mahr, — (68) Über Sphenophyllum Thoni, eine neue Art aus dem Steinkohlengebirge von Ilmenau. Zeit. deutsch. geol. Ges. vol. XX. p. 433, 1868.

Mantell, G. (44) Medals of Creation. London, 1844.

Marsh, O. C. (71) Notice of a fossil forest in the Tertiary of California. Amer. Journ. Sci. vol. I. [3] p. 266, 1871.

Martin, W. (09) Petrificata Derbiensia. Wigan, 1809.

Maskell, W. M. (87) The Scale-insects. Wellington, 1887.

Massalongo, E. G. (51) Sopra le piante fossili dei terreni terziarj del Vicentino, Osservazioni, &c. Padova, 1851.

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Matthew, G. F. (89) The Cambrian organisms in Acadia. Trans. R. Soc. Canada (Sect. IV.) 1889, p. 135.

Meek, F. B. (73) Report of the Geological Survey of Ohio. Vol. I.

Meschinelli, A. (92) Fungi fossiles. In P. A. Saccardo’s Sylloge Fungorum. Vol. X. p. 741, Patavii, 1892.

Michelin, H. (40) Iconographie zoophytologique. Paris, 1840–47.

Migula, W. (90) Die Characeen. Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen Flora, vol. V. Leipzig, 1890.

Milde, J. (67) Monographia Equisetorum. Nova Act. Acad. Caes. Leop. Car. vol. XXXII. p. 1, 1867.

Morris, J. (54) A catalogue of British fossils. London, 1854, (Edit. 2).

Morton, G. H. (91) The geology of the country around Liverpool. London, 1891, (Edit. 2).

Moseley, H. N. (75) Notes on freshwater algae obtained at the boiling springs at Furnas, St. Michael’s, Azores, and the neighbourhood. With notes by W. T. Thiselton-Dyer. Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. XIV. (Botany) p. 321, 1875.

Mougeot, A. (44) Vide Schimper.

—— (52) Essai d’une flore du nouveau Grès Rouge des Vosges. Epinal, 1852.

Munier-Chalmas, E. (77) Observations sur les algues calcaires appartenant au groupe des Siphonées verticillées (Dasycladées Harv.) et confondues avec les Foraminifères. Compt. Rend. vol. LXXXV. p. 814, 1877.

—— (79) Observations sur les algues calcaires confondues avec les Foraminifères et appartenant au groupe des Siphonées dichotomes. Bull. Soc. Géol. [3] vol. VII. p. 661, 1879.

Murchison, R. I. (29) On the Coal-field of Brora in Sutherlandshire, and some other stratified deposits in the North of Scotland. Trans. Geol. Soc. [2] vol. II. p. 293.

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Murray, G. (92) On a fossil alga belonging to the genus Caulerpa, from the Oolite. Phycological Memoirs, pt. I. p. 11, 1892.

—— (95) An introduction to the study of seaweeds. London, 1895.

—— (95²) Calcareous pebbles formed by Algae. Phycol. Mem. pt. III. p. 74, 1895.

—— (95³) A new part of Pachytheca. Ibid. p. 71, 1895.

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Murray, G. and Blackman, V. H. (97) Coccospheres and Rhabdospheres. Nature, vol. LV. p. 510, 1897.

Murray, J. and Renard, A. (91) Vide “Challenger.”

Nathorst, A. G. (80) Reseberättelse. Öfversigt Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akad. Förh. 1880, no. 5, p. 23.

—— (81) Om spår af några evertebrerade djur m. m. och deras paleontologiska betydelse. K. Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Hand. vol. XVIII. no. 7, 1881.

—— (812) Om Aftryck af Medusar i Sveriges Kambriska layer. K. Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Hand. vol. XIX. no. 1, 1881.

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—— (832) Fossil Algae. (Letter.) Nature, vol. XXVIII. p. 52, 1883.

—— (86) Nouvelles observations sur des traces d’animaux et autres phénomènes d’origine purement mécanique décrits comme “algues fossiles.” Kongl. Svensk. Vetenskaps-Akad. Hand. vol. XXI. no. 14. Stockholm, 1886.

—— (90) Beiträge zur mesozoischen Flora Japans. Denkschr. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. LVIII. 1890.

—— (94) Zur paläozoischen Flora der arktischen Zone. Kongl. Svensk. Vetenskaps-Akad. Hand. vol. XXVI. no. 4, 1894.

—— (942) Sveriges Geologi. Stockholm, 1894.

Naunyn, B. (96) A treatise on Cholelithiasis. (Translation by A. E. Garrod.) New Sydenham Society, London, 1896.

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Newberry, J. S. (88) Fossil fishes and fossil plants of the Triassic rocks of New Jersey and the Connecticut Valley. U. S. Geol. Surv. (Monographs), vol. XIV. 1888.

—— (91) The genus Sphenophyllum. Journ. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist. 1891, p. 212.

Nicholson, H. A. (69) On the occurrence of plants in the Skiddaw Slates. Geol. Mag. vol. VI. p. 494, 1869.

Nicholson, H. A. and Etheridge, R. junr. (80) A monograph of the Silurian fossils of the Girvan district in Ayrshire. Edinburgh, 1880.

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Nicol, W. (34) Observations on the structure of recent and fossil Coniferae. Edinb. New Phil. Journ. vol. XVI. p. 137, 1834.

Noll, F. (95) Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen. Strasburger, Noll, Schimper und Schenk. Jena, 1895, p. 248 (Edit. 2).

Parkinson, J. (11) Organic Remains of a former world. London, 1811. (Vol. I. 1811, vol. II. 1808, vol. III. 1811.)

Parsons, J. (1757) An account of some fossil fruits and other bodies found in the island of Sheppey. Phil. Trans. vol. L. pt. I. p. 396, 1757.

Paterson (41) Description of Pothocites Grantoni, a new fossil vegetable from the Coal Formation. Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh, vol. I. p. 45, 1841.

Penhallow, D. P. (89) On Nematophyton and allied forms from the Devonian (Erian) of Gaspé and Bay des Chaleurs. Trans. R. Soc. Canada, vol. VI. sect. 4 (1888).

—— (93) Notes on Nematophyton crassum. Proc. U. S. Nat. Museum, vol. XVI. p. 115, 1893.

—— (96) Nematophyton Ortoni, n. sp. Annals Bot. vol. X. p. 41, 1896.

Petzholdt, A. (41) Über Calamiten und Steinkohlenbildung. Dresden and Leipzig, 1841.

Pfitzer, E. H. H. (67) Über die Schutzscheide. Pringsh. Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. vol. VI. p. 292, 1867–68.

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Philippi, R. A. (37) Beweis das die Nulliporen Pflanzen sind. Wiegmann, Archiv. vol. I. Jahrg. 3, p. 387, 1837.

Phillips, J. (29) Illustrations of the Geology of Yorkshire. York, 1829.

—— (75) Ibid. (Edit. 3) edited by R. Etheridge. London, 1875.

Phillips, W. (93) The breaking of the Shropshire Meres. Midland Naturalist, vol. XVI. p. 56, 1893.

Plot, R. (1705) The Natural History of Oxfordshire. Oxford, 1705.

Potonié, R. (87) Die fossile Pflanzen-Gattung Tylodendron. Jahrb. k. Preuss. geol. Landesanst. 1887, p. 313.

—— (90) Der im Lichthof der Königl. Geol. Landesanstalt und Bergakademie aufgestellte Baumstumpf mit Wurzeln aus dem Carbon des Piesberges. Ibid. 1890, p. 246.

—— (92) Der äussere Bau der Blätter von Annularia stellata (Schloth.) mit ausblicken auf Equisetites zeaeformis (Schloth.) Andrae, und auf die Blätter von Calamites varians Sternb. Ber. deutsch. bot. Ges. vol. X. Heft 8, p. 561, 1892.

—— (93) Die Flora des Rothliegenden von Thüringen. (Th. I.) Jahrb. k. Preuss. geol. Landesanst. vol. IX. 1893.

—— (94) Über die Stellung der Sphenophyllum im System. Ber. deutsch. bot. Ges. Bd. XII. Heft 4, p. 97, 1894.

—— (96) Die floristische Gliederung des deutschen Carbon und Perm. Abhand. k. Preuss. geol. Landesanst. (N. F.) Heft. XXI. p. 1, 1896.

—— (962) Palaeophytologische Notizen. Naturwiss. Wochenschrift, vol. XI. no. 10, p. 115, 1896.

Quekett, J. (54) Lectures on Histology. Vols. I. and II. London, 1852–54.

Raciborski, M. (94) Flora Kopalna ogniotrwalych Glinek Krakowskich. Pamiȩt. Akad. Umiejȩtności, 1894.

Reinsch, P. F. (81) Neue Untersuchungen über die Mikrostruktur der Steinkohle. Leipzig, 1881.

Renault, B. (73) Recherches sur l’organisation des Sphenophyllum et des Annularia. Ann. Sci. Nat. [5] vol. XVIII. p. 5, 1873.

—— (76) Recherches sur la fructification de quelques végétaux. Ann. Sci. Nat. [6] vol. III. p. 5, 1876.

—— (762) Nouvelles recherches sur la structure des Sphenophyllum. Ann. Sci. Nat. [6] vol. IV. p. 277, 1876.

—— (82) Cours de botanique fossile. Vol. II. Paris, 1882.

—— (85) Recherches sur les végétaux fossiles du genre Astromyelon Ann. Sci. Géol. vol. XVII. 1885.

—— (93) Bassin Houiller et Permien d’Autun et d’Epinac. (Atlas.) Études des gîtes minéraux de la France, Fasc. IV. Paris, 1893.

—— (95) Note sur les cuticles de Tovarkovo. Soc. Hist. Nat. d’Autun, 1895.

—— (952) Sur quelques Bactéries des temps primaires. Autun, 1895.

—— (96) Bassin Houiller et Permien d’Autun et d’Epinac. (Text.) Études des gîtes minéraux de la France, Fasc. IV. Paris, 1896.

—— (962) Notice sur les travaux scientifiques. Autun, 1896.

—— (963) Recherches sur les Bactériacées fossiles. Ann. Sci. Nat. [8] vol. II. p. 275, 1896.

Renault, R. and Bertrand (94) Sur une bactérie coprophile de l’époque Permienne. Compt. Rend. vol. CXIX. p. 377, 1894.

Renault, R. and Zeiller, R. (88) Études sur le terrain houiller de Commentry. St Étienne, 1888–90. Pt. I. pp. 1–366, 1888. Pt. II. pp. 367–746, 1890.

Report” (62) Report of the Jury trial in the action of declaration, &c. at the instance of Mr and Mrs Gillespie, of Torbanehill, against Messrs James Russell and Son, Coal-masters, Falkirk. Edinburgh, 1862.

Reuss, A. E. (61) Über die fossile Gattung Acicularia d’Archiac. Sitzb. d. k. Akad. Wiss. Bd. XLIII. Abth. I. p. 7, 1861.

Rodway, J. (95) In the Guiana Forest. London, 1895.

Römer, A. (54) Beiträge zur geologischen Kenntniss des nordwestlichen Harzgebirges von Friedrich. Palaeontograph. vol. III. p. 1, 1854.

Römer, F. (62) Beiträge zur geologischen Kenntniss des nordwestlichen Harzgebirges. Palaeontograph. vol. IX. 1862.

—— (70) Geologie von Oberschlesien. Breslau, 1870.

Rosanoff, S. (66) Recherches anatomiques sur les Mélobésiées. Mém. Soc. Sci. nat. Cherbourg, vol. XI. 1865.

Rose, C. B. (55) On the discovery of parasitic borings in fossil fish-scales. Trans. mic. soc. (N. S.) vol. III. p. 7, 1855.

Rosenvinge, L. K. (93) Grønlands Havalger. Conspectus florae Groenlandicae. Pt. III. p. 765. Grønlands Havalger. (Meddelelser om Grønland. III. Supplt. 3), 1887–94.

Rothpletz, A. (80) Die Flora und Fauna der Carbon Culmformation bei Hainischen in Sachsen. Bot. Cent. vol. II. (Gratis Beilage 3), 1880.

—— (90) Über Sphaerocodium Bornemanni, eine neue fossile Kalkalge aus den Raibler Schichten der Ostalpen. Bot. Cent. vol. XLI. p. 9, 1890.

—— (91) Fossile Kalkalgen aus den Familien der Codiaceen und der Corallineen. Zeit. deutsch. geol. Ges. vol. XLIII. p. 295, 1891.

—— (92) Über die Bildung der Oolithe. Bot. Cent. vol. LI. p. 265, 1892.

—— (922) Über die Diadematiden-Stacheln und Haploporella fasciculata aus dem Oligocän von Astrupp. Bot. Cent. vol. LII. p. 235, 1892.

—— (94) Ein geologischer Querschnitt durch die Ost-Alpen nebst Anhang über die sogenannte Glarner Doppelfalte. Stuttgart, 1894.

—— (96) Über die Flysch-Fucoiden und einige andere fossile Algen sowie über liassische Diatomeen führende Hornschwämme. Zeit. deutsch. geol. Ges. vol. XLVIII. p. 854, 1896.

Royle, J. F. (39) Illustrations of the Botany and other branches of the Natural History of the Himalayan Mountains and of the flora of Cashmere. London, 1839.

Rultey, F. (92) Notes on Crystallites. Min. Mag. vol. IX. p. 261, 1891.

Salter, J. W. (63) On some fossil crustacea from the Coal-Measures and Devonian rocks of British North America. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. XIX. p. 75, 1863.

—— (73) A catalogue of Cambrian and Silurian fossils. Cambridge, 1873.

Saporta, de G. (68) Prodrome d’une flore fossile des travertins anciens de Sézanne. Mém. Soc. Géol. France, vol. VIII. [2] 1865–68.

—— (72) Plantes Jurassiques. Paléont. Franç. Végétaux, vols. I–IV. 1872–1891.

—— (73) Ibid. vol. I. Algues, Équisétacées, Characées, Fougères, 1873.

—— (75) Ibid. vol. II. Cycadées, 1875.

—— (77) Sur la découverte d’une plante terrestre dans la partie moyenne du terrain Silurien. Compt. Rend. vol. LXXXV. p. 500, 1877.

—— (79) Le monde des plantes avant l’apparition de l’homme. Paris, 1879.

—— (81) Vide Saporta and Marion.

—— (82) A propos des algues fossiles. Paris, 1882.

—— (84) Les organismes problématiques des anciennes mers. Paris, 1884.

—— (86) Nouveaux documents relatifs à des fossiles végétaux et à des traces d’invertébrés associés dans les anciens terrains. Bull. Soc. bot. France, vol. XIV. [3] p. 407, 1886.

—— (91) Plantes Jurassiques. Vol. IV. Paris, 1891.

Saporta, de G. and Marion, A. F. (81) L’Évolution du règne végétal. Les Cryptogames. Paris, 1881.

Schenk, A. (65) Vide Schoenlein.

—— (67) Die fossile Flora der Grenzschichten des Keupers und Lias Frankens. Wiesbaden, 1867.

—— (83) Pflanzliche Versteinerungen. Richthofen’s “China,” vol. IV. Berlin, 1883.

—— (88) Die fossile Pflanzenreste. (Handbuch der Botanik.) Breslau, 1888.

—— (90) Vide Schimper.

Scheuchzer, J. T. (1723) Herbarium diluvianum. Lugduni Batavorum, 1723.

Schiffner, V. and Müller, C. (95) Engler und Prantl; Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Teil I. Abt. 3. Leipzig, 1895.

Schimper, W. P. (65) Euptychium Muscorum Neocaledonicorum genus novum et genus Spiridens. Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Car. vol. XXXII. 1865.

—— (69) Traité de Paléontologie végétale. Paris, vol. I. 1869, vol. II. 1870–72, vol. III. 1874.

—— (74) Ibid. Atlas.

Schimper, W. P. and Koechlin-Schlumberger, J. (62) Mémoire sur le Terrain de transition des Vosges. Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Strasbourg, vol. V. 1862.

Schimper, W. P. and Mougeot (44) Monographie des plantes fossiles du grès bigarré de la Chaîne des Vosges. Leipzig, 1844.

Schimper, W. P. and Schenk, A. (90) Palaeophytologie. Zittel’s Handbuch der Palaeontologie, Abt. II. Munich and Leipzig, 1890.

Schlotheim, E. F. von. (04) Beschreibung merkwürdiger Kräuter-Abdrücke und Pflanzen-Versteinerungen. Gotha, 1804.

—— (20) Die Petrefactenkunde auf ihrem jetzigen Standpunkte durch die Beschreibung seiner Sammlung versteinerter und fossiler Überreste des Thier- und Pflanzenreichs der Vorwelt erläutert. Gotha, 1820.

—— (22) Nachträge zur Petrefactenkunde. Gotha, 1822–23.

Schlüter, C. (79) Coelotrochium Decheni, eine Foraminifere aus dem Mitteldevon. Zeit. deutsch. geol. Ges. vol. XXXI. p. 668, 1879.

Schmalhausen, J. (79) Beiträge zur Juraflora Russlands. Mém. Acad. imp. St Pétersbourg, [7] vol. XXVII. no. 4, 1879.

Schmitz, F. (97) Rhodophyceae. Engler und Prantl; Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Teil I. Abt. 2. Leipzig, 1897.

Schoenlein, J. L. and Schenk, A. (65) Abbildungen von fossilen Pflanzen aus dem Keuper Frankens. Wiesbaden, 1865.

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Schütt, F. (93) Das Pflanzenleben der Hochsee. Kiel and Leipzig, 1893. (From Hensen’s Plankton-Expedition.)

—— (96) Bacillariales. Engler und Prantl; Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Teil I. Abt. 1. b. 1896.

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Scott, D. H. (94) (95) (96) Vide Williamson, W. C.

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Seward, A. C. (88) On Calamites undulatus. Geol. Mag. vol. V. p. 289, 1888.

—— (89) Sphenophyllum as a branch of Asterophyllites. Mem. and Proc. Lit. Phil. Soc. Manchester, vol. III. [4] p. 1, 1889–90.

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—— (942) Catalogue of the Mesozoic plants in the Department of Geology, British Museum. The Wealden Flora, Pt. I. London, 1894.

—— (95) Ibid. Pt. II. London, 1895.

—— (952) Coal: its structure and formation. Science Progress, vol. II. p. 355, 1895.

—— (953) Notes on Pachytheca. Proc. Phil. Soc. Cambridge, vol. VIII. pt. 5, p. 278, 1895.

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—— (962) Vide Feilden, H. W.

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Solms-Laubach, Graf zu. (81) Die corallinen Algen des Golfes von Neapel und der augrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel, vol. IV. Leipzig, 1881.

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Sorby, H. C. (79) Presidential Address. Proc. Geol. Soc. 1878–79, p. 56.

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—— (25) Ibid. Fasc. IV.

—— (38) Ibid. Fasc. VIII.

Sterzel, J. T. (82) Über die Fruchtähren von Annularia Sphenophylloides (Zenk.). Zeit. deutsch. geol. Ges. vol. XXXIV. p. 685, 1882.

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Strickland, H. E. and Hooker, J. D. (53) On the distribution of organic contents of the Ludlow bone-bed in the districts of Woolhope and May Hill. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. IX. p. 8, 1853.

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—— (85) Über die in Flötzen-reiner Steinkohle enthaltenen Stein-Rundmassen und Torf-Sphärosiderite. Jahrb. k. k. geol. Reichsanst. Wien, vol. XXXV. Heft 3, p. 613, 1885.

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—— (91) Traité de Botanique. Paris, 1891.

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—— (88) Die Korallenriffe der Sinaihalbinsel. Abh. math. phys. Cl. K. Sächs. Ges. vol. XIV. 1888.

Ward, L. F. (84) Sketch of Palaeobotany. U. S. Geol. Surv. Fifth Ann. Report. Washington, 1883–84.

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—— (96) Fossil plants of the Wealden. Science, June 12, p. 869, 1896.

Warming, E. (96) Lehrbuch der ökologischen Pflanzengeographie. (German edit.) Berlin, 1896.

Watelet, Ad. (66) Description des plantes fossiles du Bassin de Paris. Paris, 1866.

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—— (84) Steinkohlen-Calamarien. Ibid. Bd. V. Heft 2, 1884.

Westermaier, M. and Ambronn, H. (81) Beziehungen zwischen Lebensweise und Structur der Schling- und Kletterpflanzen. Flora, 1881, p. 417.

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Williamson, W. C. (71) On the organization of the Fossil Plants of the Coal-Measures. Memoir I. Calamites. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. vol. CLXI. p. 477, 1871.

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—— (73) On the organization, &c. Mem. IV. Dictyoxylon, Lyginodendron and Heterangium. Phil. Trans. vol. CLXIII. p. 377, 1873.

—— (74) Ibid. Mem. V. Asterophyllites. Phil. Trans. vol. CLXIV. p. 41, 1874.

—— (76) On the organization of Volkmannia Dawsoni, an undescribed verticillate strobilus from the Lower Coal-Measures of Lancashire. Proc. Lit. Phil. Soc. Manchester, vol. V. [3] p. 28, 1876.

—— (78) On the organization, &c. Mem. IX. Phil. Trans. vol. CLXIX. p. 319, 1878.

—— (80) Ibid. Mem. X. Phil. Trans. vol. CLXXI. p. 493, 1880.

—— (81) Ibid. Mem. XI. Phil. Trans. vol. CLXXII. p. 283, 1881.

—— (82) Helophyton Williamsonis. Nature, vol. XXV. p. 124, 1882.

—— (83) On some anomalous Oolitic and Palaeozoic forms of vegetation. R. Instit. Great Britain. (Weekly Evening Meeting), Feb. 16, 1883.

—— (832) On the organization, &c. Mem. XII. Phil. Trans. vol. CLXXIV. p. 459, 1883.

—— (85) On some undescribed tracks of invertebrate animals from the Yoredale rocks. Proc. Lit. Phil. Soc. Manchester, vol. X. [3] p. 19, 1885.

—— (87) A monograph of the morphology and histology of Stigmaria ficoides. Palaeont. Soc. London, 1887.

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—— (88) On some anomalous cells developed within the interior of the vascular and cellular tissues of the fossil plants of the Coal-Measures. Annals Bot. vol. I. 315, 1888.

—— (882) On the organisation &c. Mem. XIV. The true fructification of Calamites. Phil. Trans. vol. CLXXIX. p. 47, 1888.

—— (89) Ibid. Mem. XV. Phil. Trans. vol. CLXXX. p. 155, 1889.

—— (91) General, morphological and histological Index to the Author’s Collective Memoirs on fossil plants of the Coal-Measures. Pt. I. Proc. Lit. Phil. Soc. Manchester, vol. IV. [3] 1891.

—— (912) On the organisation &c. Mem. XVIII. Phil. Trans. vol. CLXXXII. B. p. 255, 1891.

—— (92) The genus Sphenophyllum. Nature, vol. XLVII. p. 11, 1892.

—— (96) Reminiscences of a Yorkshire Naturalist (edited by Mrs Crawford Williamson). London, 1896.

Williamson, W. C. and Scott, D. H. (94) Further observations on the organisation of the fossil plants of the Coal-Measures. Pt. I. Calamities, Calamostachys and Sphenophyllum. Phil. Trans. vol. CLXXXV. p. 863, 1894.

—— (95) Ibid. Pt. II. The roots of Calamites. Phil. Trans. vol. CLXXXVI. p. 683, 1895.

—— (96) Ibid. Pt. III. Lyginodendron and Heterangium. Phil. Trans. vol. CLXXXVI. p. 703, 1896.

Wilson, J. S. G. (87) The Diatomite of Cuithir. Min. Mag. vol. VII. p. 35, 1887.

Witham, H. (31) A description of a fossil tree discovered in the quarry at Craigleith near Edinburgh. Nat. Hist. Soc. Northumberland, Durham and Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1831.

—— (33) The internal structure of fossil vegetables found in the Carboniferous and Oolitic deposits of Great Britain. Edinburgh, 1833.

Woodward, H. (72) A monograph of the British fossil Crustacea belonging to the order Merostomata. Palaeont. Soc. 1866–78.

Woodward, H. B. (87) The Geology of England and Wales. London, 1887.

—— (95) The Jurassic rocks of Britain. Mem. Geol. Surv. vol. V. 1895.

Woodward, J. (1695) An essay toward a Natural History of the Earth. London, 1695.

—— (1728) A catalogue of the additional English fossils in the collection of J. Woodward, M.A. London, vol. II. 1728.

—— (1729) An attempt towards a Natural History of the fossils of England; in a catalogue of the English fossils in the collection of J. Woodward, M.A. London, vol. I. 1729.

Young, G. and Bird, J. (22) A Geological Survey of the Yorkshire Coast. Whitby, 1822.

Young, J., Glen, D. C. and Kidston, R. (88) Notes on a section of Carboniferous strata containing erect stems of fossil trees &c. in Victoria Park, Whiteinch. Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasgow, vol. VIII. p. 227, 1888.

Zeiller, R. (80) Végétaux du terrain houiller de la France. L’explication de la carte géologique de la France, vol. IV. Paris, 1880.

—— (82) Observations sur quelques cuticles fossiles. Ann. Sci. Nat. vol. XIII. [6] p. 217, 1882.

—— (84) Sur des traces d’insectes simulant des empreintes végétales. Bull. Soc. Géol. France, [3] vol. XII. p. 676, 1884.

—— (88) Bassin houiller de Valenciennes. Description de la flore fossile. Études Gîtes Min. France. Paris, 1888.

—— (88) Vide Renault, B.

—— (91) Sur la valeur du genre Trizygia. Bull. Soc. Géol. France, vol. XIX. [3] p. 673, 1891.

—— (92) Sur les empreintes du sondage de Douvres. Compt. Rend. Oct. 24, 1892.

—— (922) Bassin houiller et permien de Brive. Études Gîtes Min. France. Paris, 1892.

—— (93) Étude sur la constitution de l’appareil fructificateur des Sphenophyllum. Mém. Soc. Géol. France, 1893, p. 3.

—— (94) Note sur la flore des Couches permiennes de Trienbach (Alsace). Bull. Soc. Géol. France, vol. XXII. [3] p. 193, 1894.

—— (95) Notes sur la flore des Gisements houillers de la Rhune et d’Ibantelly (Basses-Pyrénées). Bull. Soc. Géol. France, vol. XXIII. [3] p. 482, 1895.

—— (952) Sur la flore des dépôts houillers d’Asie Mineure et sur la présence, dans cette flore, du genre Phyllotheca. Compt. Rend. vol. CXX. p. 1228, 1895.

—— (96) Remarques sur la flore fossile de l’Altaï. Bull. Soc. Géol. France, vol. XXIV. [3] p. 466, 1896.

Zenker, F. C. (33) Beschreibung von Galium sphenophylloides. Neues Jahrb. Min. 1833, p. 398.

Zigno, A. de (56) Flora fossilis formationis Oolithicae. Vol. I. Padova, 1856.