INDEX
Every reference is to the page: words in italics are names of genera or species; figures in thick type refer to an illustration; f. = and in following page or pages; n. = note.
Abbott, on Penguins, [57] n., [59] n.
Abdimia abdimii, [99]
Abdomen, [20]
Abou-Hannes, [102]
Aburria, [195];
A. carunculata, [197]
Acanthidositta, [472];
Acanthiza, [355], [514], [518]
Acanthochaera, [566]
Acanthopneuste, [514]
Acanthoptila, [502]
Acanthorhynchus, [565]
A. collaris, [512];
A. modularis, [512]
Accentor, alpine, [512], [517]
Accentorinae, [509]
plumage of young, [157];
A. bicolor, [158];
A. chilensis, [159];
A. chionogaster, [158];
A. cirrocephalus, [159];
A. collaris, [159];
A. cooperi, [159];
A. erythrauchen, [158];
A. erythrocnemis, [158];
A. fuscus, [159];
A. guttatus, [159];
A. hartlaubi, [158];
A. madagascariensis, [159];
A. melanoleucus, [158];
A. minullus, [159];
A. nisoïdes, [158];
A. ovampensis, [158];
A. pectoralis, [159];
A. rhodogaster, [158];
A. rubricollis, [158];
A. rufiventris, [158];
A. subniger, [159];
A. tinus, [159];
A. ventralis, [158];
A. virgatus, [158]
Accipitres, [137] f., [140] f., [397];
cere, [11];
claws on manus, [48];
powder-down, [147]
Accipitrinae, [146], [147], [153]
Accipitrine, [141], [146], [156], [157]
Aceros, [390];
A. nipalensis, [393]
Acestrura, [438]
A. erythrophthalmus, [215];
A. inornatus, [215];
A. pyronotus, [215]
A. cristatellus, [559]
Acromyodi, [467]
Acropternis, [490]
A. apicalis, [565];
A. bishopi, [565];
A. braccatus, [565];
A. nobilis, [565]
A. vulturinum, [204]
Actiornis anglicus, fossil, [86]
Actitis hypoleucus, [286];
A. macularius, [286]
Adams, on Tringa maculata, [281] n.
Adelomyia, [427]
Aechmophorus, [49];
A. major, [53];
A. occidentalis, [53]
Aechmorhynchus cancellatus, [283];
A. parvirostris, [283]
Aedonopsis, [513]
A. asiatica, [274];
A. bicincta, [274];
A. bifrontata, [274];
A. cantiana, [273];
A. curonica, [273];
A. falklandica, [271];
A. monachus, [274];
A. nivosa, [274];
A. novae zealandiae, [274];
A. placida, [274];
A. sanctae helenae, [274];
A. semipalmata, [274];
A. vocifera, [274]
Aegialornis, fossil, [315], [426]
Aegiothus rufescens, [584]
Aegotheles, [415], [417], [419];
A. wallacii, [417]
A. maculosus, [551];
Aepyornis, [43] f.
Aepyornithidae, structure, etc., [43] f.
Aepypodius, [190] f.;
A. arfakianus, [192];
A. bruijni, [192]
Aesacus magnirostris, [297];
A. recurvirostris, [297]
Aesalon columbarius, [178];
A. regulus, [177];
A. ruficollis, [178];
A. typus, [178]
Aethiopsar, [561]
Aethopyga, [569]
A. galericulata, [114], [133];
A. sponsa, [133]
Aftershaft, of feathers, origin of, [3];
absent, in Alcedinidae, [383];
in Apteryx, [39];
in Hornbill, [390];
in Mesites, [187];
in Ostrich, [27];
in Owls, [399];
in Pandion, [180];
in Rheidae, [30];
in Struthionidae, [27]
Agami, [258]
Agamia agami, [91] f.
A. cana, [368];
A. pullaria, [368];
A. roseicollis, [368];
A. taranta, [368]
Agelaeinae, [579] f.
Agelaeus, [581];
A. phoeniceus, [580]
Agelastes, [201];
A. meleagrides, [205]
Aglaeactis, [437]
Agnopterus, fossil, [108]
Air-cells, in Sula, [72]
Air-sac, [21];
in Tetraoninae, [201]
Ajaja, young, [105];
A. rosea, [105]
Ala, [21]
A. alaudipes, [497]
Alar bar, [21]
Alaska, to which region belonging? [16]
Alauda, [497];
habits, [498]
Alaudula raytal, [498]
Albatros, [59] f., [61]-[63], [81], [148];
Albinism, its cause, [4] n.
A. impennis, [315], [320], [321];
A. torda, [320] f.
habits, [383] f.
Alcedo, [383];
A. beryllina, [387];
A. ispida, [387]
Alcidae, [49], [268], [315] f.;
bill-sheath and outgrowth shed, [5] n., [317] f.;
habits, [315] f.
Alcippe, [503]
Alcurus, [504]
A. azurea, [386]
Alectorides, [243]
A. madagascariensis, [346];
A. nitidissima, [346];
A. pulcherrima, [346];
A. rodericana, fossil, [350];
A. sganzini, [346]
Alectoromorphae, [182]
Alectoropodes, [186]
Alectrurus, [473], [475], [477];
Alethe, [513]
Aletornis, fossil, [256]
Alexandrine–see Parrot
Alisphenoid, [11]
Allantois, [21]
Altham, E. and H., on Dodo, [330]
Altrices, [21]
Alucinae, [398] n.
Amadavat, [577]
Amaurornis, [249];
A. phoenicura, [249]
Amazilia, [435];
A. cyanura, [435];
A. pristina, [435]
Amblyornis, [551];
A. flavifrons, [549];
Amblyospiza, [577]
Âme damnée, [66]
Ameghino, on "Stereornithes," [44]
Ammoperdix, [202];
A. bonhami, [228];
A. cholmleyi, viii;
A. heyi, [228]
Amnion, [21]
Ampeliceps, [559]
Ampelidae, [529] f.
Ampelion, [480]
Ampelis, [529];
A. cedrorum, [530];
A. phoenicoptera, [530]
Amphicoelous, [6]
Amphimorphae, [105]
Amphipelargus, fossil, [99]
Amurolimnas, [244]
Amytis, [517]
Anaeretes, [474]
Analogous, meaning, [5]
Anarhynchus, [268];
Anas, [112];
fossil, [136];
A. aberti, [127];
skull, [11];
A. cristata, [128];
A. diazi, [127];
A. fulvigula, [127];
A. laysanensis, [127];
A. luzonica, [127];
A. maculosa, [127];
A. melleri, [127];
A. obscura, [127];
A. poecilorhyncha, [127];
A. sparsa, [127];
A. specularis, [128];
A. superciliosa, [127];
A. undulata, [127];
A. wyvilliana, [127];
A. zonorhyncha, [127]
sifting apparatus of bill, [12];
A. lamelligerus, [97];
A. oscitans, [97]
habits, [113] f.;
shed wing-quills simultaneously, [4];
young, [114]
Ancistrops, [484]
Andigena, [456];
A. bailloni, [456];
A. laminirostris, [453], [456]
Andrews, on Aepyornis and Mullerornis, [43] n.;
on fossils from Madagascar, [136], [137] n.;
on "Stereornithes," [44]
Androdon, [426];
A. aequatorialis, [432] f.
Andropadus, [504]
Angular, [11]
Ani, [359];
habits, [359];
White, [359]
Anna, [242]
Anomalopteryginae, [42]
Anomalopteryx, viii, [42];
A. parva, [42]
Anomalornis, viii
Anorhinus, [391]
A. caeruleus, [311];
A. cinereus, [311];
A. galapagensis, [311];
A. hawaiiensis, [311];
A. leucocapillus, [311];
A. stolidus, [310];
A. tenuirostris, [311]
A. semipalmata, [135]
Anseres, [108] f., [110] f., [112];
bill-sheath, [11];
claws on manus, [48];
fossil, [136];
fusion of tracheal rings, [13];
lamellae of bill, [12];
A. albifrons, [132];
A. brachyrhynchus, [132];
A. cinereus, [132];
A. erythropus, [132];
A. gambeli, [132];
A. grandis, [132];
A. indicus, [132];
A. middendorfi, [132];
A. rubrirostris, [132];
A. segetum, [132]
Anserinae, [111], [112], [131] f.
Ant-bird, [488] f.
Anterior limbs, [8]
Antigone australasiana, [252], [254];
A. collaris, [254]
habits, [500] f.
Anthobaphes, [569]
Anthocincla, [469];
A. phayrii, [470]
Anthracoceros coronatus, [395];
A. malabaricus, [391]
Anthropoïdes, [252];
A. virgo, [255] f.
Anthus, [499];
A. antarcticus, [499];
A. bertheloti, [499];
A. bogotensis, [499];
A. campestris, [500];
A. cervinus, [500];
A. chloris, [500];
A. correndera, [501];
A. obscurus, [500];
A. pratensis, [500];
A. richardi, [500];
A. rosaceus, [500];
A. rufulus, [501];
A. spipoletta, [500];
A. tenellus, [500];
A. trivialis, [500]
Antrostomus carolinensis, [417];
A. vociferus, [417]
Anumbius, [484], [487], [525];
A. acuticaudus, [477];
nest, [487]
Apatornis celer, [49]
Aphanapteryx, [244];
A. broecki, fossil, [251]
Aphelocoma, [554]
Aphriza virgata, [276]
Aprosmictus, [364]
Aptenodytes, [55];
A. patagonica, [57];
A. pennanti, [56]
Apteria, or unfeathered spaces, [2]
finger, [9]
Apterygidae, structure, etc., [38] f.
Apterygiformes, of Parker, [38]
Apteryx, [182];
feathers, [41];
pelvis, [9];
A. haasti, [39];
A. lawryi, [39];
A. mantelli, [39];
A. maximus, [39];
A. occidentalis, sub-species, [39];
A. oweni, [39]
Aptornis, [244];
A. defossor, fossil, [251];
A. otidiformis, fossil, [251]
Aquila, [146]-[148], [160], [161] f.;
fossil, [181];
A. adalberti, [163];
A. chrysaëtus, [161];
A. clanga, [162];
A. fulvescens, [163];
A. hastata, [162];
A. mogilnik, [163];
A. naevioïdes, [163];
A. nipalensis, [162];
A. pomarina, [162];
A. rapax, [163];
A. verreauxi, [163];
A. vindhiana, [163];
A. wahlbergi, [162]
Aquiline, [147]
A. ararauna, [371];
A. chloroptera, [371];
A. macao, [371];
A. militaris, [371];
A. severa, [371]
Arabia, to which Region belonging? [16]
Araçari, [456]
Arachnothera, [569];
A. chrysogenys, [569];
A. magna, [570]
habits, [257]
Aramides, [247];
A. ypecaha, [247] f.
Aramus pictus, [256] f.;
A. scolopaceus, [257]
A. ardens, [222];
A. chloropus, [222];
A. javanica, [222];
A. torqueola, [222]
Arch of vertebra, [6]
Archaeopteryx, [2];
claws, [9];
fingers, [9];
rib, [6];
teeth, [12];
vertebrae, [6];
A. lithographica, [23] f., [24];
A. macrura, [25];
A. siemensi, viii
Archaeornithes, a sub-class, [23] f.;
difference from Neornithes, [25]
A. ferrugineus, [164];
A. hemiptilopus, [164];
A. lagopus, [164];
A. sancti johannis, [164];
A. strophiatus, [164]
Arctogaea, [15]
Arctonetta, [114];
A. fischeri, [119]
Ardea, [91];
fossil, [95];
young, [93];
A. agami, [91] f.;
A. alba, [92];
A. ardesiaca, [91];
A. asha, [91];
A. caerulea, [91];
A. candidissima, [92];
A. cocoi, [93];
A. coromanda, [91];
A. egretta, [92];
A. garzetta, [92];
A. greyi, [91];
A. gularis, [91];
A. herodias, [93];
A. nigripes, [92];
A. occidentalis, [93];
A. pacifica, [91];
A. pealii, [91];
A. picata, [91];
A. purpurea, [93];
A. ralloïdes, [91];
A. rufa, [91];
A. sacra, [91];
A. tricolor, [91];
A. würdemanni, [93] n.
habits, [87] f.
Ardeinae, [86]
Ardeola ralloïdes, [91]
A. cinnamomea, [89];
A. minuta, [89]
Argillornis, fossil, [86]
Argus, [199];
A. ocellatus, [208]
Argus, [217]
A. argus, [207];
A. bipunctatus, [207];
A. greyi, [207]
Arses, [507]
Artamia, [533];
A. bicolor, [533];
A. leucocephala, [533]
Artamidae, [530] f.
Artamides, [525]
powder-down, [531]
Articular, [11];
process of vertebra, [6]
Arundinax, [513]
Asarcornis, [112];
A. scutulata, [134]
fossil, [415];
A. accipitrinus, [400], [406] f.;
A. americanus, [406];
A. capensis, [406];
A. grammicus, [406];
A. madagascariensis, [406];
A. mexicanus, [406];
A. stygius, [406];
A. wilsonianus, [406]
Aspatha, [380];
A. gularis, [381]
Asthenopterus minutus, fossil, [181]
Astrapia, [544], [549], [550];
A. nigra, [545];
A. splendidissima, [545];
A. alphonsi, fossil, [181];
A. atricapillus, [157];
A. badius, [156] f.;
A. brutus, [157];
A. cinereus, [157];
A. franciscae, [157];
A. hensti, [157];
A. leucosomus, [157];
A. novae hollandiae, [156], [157];
A. palumbarius, [156];
A. pusillus, [157];
A. tachiro, [156] f.;
A. trinotatus, [157];
A. trivirgatus, [157]
Asturina, [166] f.;
A. nitida, [167];
A. plagiata, [166] f.
Asturinula monogrammica, [156]
Asyndesmus torquatus, [461]
Atelornis, [378];
A. crossleyi, [378];
A. pittoïdes, [378]
Atmore, on Secretary-bird, [142]
A. clamosa, [493];
A. rufescens, [493]
Atrichornithidae, [491], [493]
Attagis chimborazensis, [296];
A. gayi, [296];
A. malouina, [296]
Atticora, [523];
A. cyanoleuca, [525]
Attila, [479]
Attilinae, [479] f.
Audubon, on Humming-birds, [432]
Augastes, [432];
A. lumachellus, [432]
Auk, [49], [54], [268], [315] f., [316];
habits, [315] f.;
Great, [315], [317], [320], [321];
Parrot, [318];
Razorbill–see Razorbill
Auklet, Cassin's, [318];
Crested, [318];
Knob-billed, [317];
Rhinoceros, [317] f.;
Whiskered, [318]
Aulacorhamphus, [453], [456] f.;
A. prasinus, [455];
A. wagleri, [455]
Aulia, [480]
Auriculars, [20]
Australasia, as a Region, [15]
Australian Region, [15] f.;
its contents, [16]
Austro-Columbia, [15]
Austro-Coraces, [531] n., [557] n.
Autumn moult, [4] f.
Aves, as a Class, [23]
Avestruz, [30]
Avocet, [278]
Avocetta, [268]
Avocettula recurvirostris, [433]
Axis, [5]
Azara, on Toucan, [454]
Back, [20]
Badiostes, fossil, [415]
Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, on Rhynchops, [304] n.;
on Melanerpes, [461] n.
Baker, [486]
Balaenicipitinae, [86]
B. chrysopelargus, [256];
B. gibbericeps, [256];
Bambusicola fytchii, [218];
B. sonorivox, [219];
B. thoracica, [219]
Barbatula, [450];
B. minuta, [450];
B. pusilla, [449]
habits, [448] f.
Barbicels, [3]
absence of, [3]
Bargander, [128]
Barrel of feathers, or quill, [3]
Barrère, on Trochilus, [426]
Barrett-Hamilton, on Sterna longipennis, [313] n.
Bartlett, A. D., on Catheturus, [192] n.;
on Flamingo ejecting blood-like liquid, [86] n.;
on Hornbill, [392] n.;
on moult of Penguin, [55] n.;
on Plotus, [81] n.;
on Rhinochetus, [263] n., [265] n.
Bartlett, E., on Furnarius, [486];
on Mesites, [187]
Bartramia longicauda, [285] f.
Baryphthengus, [380]
Basileuterus, [574]
Basilornis, [559]
Basitemporal, [11]
Bates, on Eurypyga, [266];
on Humming-birds, [432]
Batis, [509]
Batrachostomus, [415]-[417], [419]
B. borneensis, [173];
B. ceylonensis, [173];
B. cuculoïdes, [173];
B. erythrothorax, [173];
B. leucopais, [173];
B. lophotes, [173];
B. madagascariensis, [173];
B. magnirostris, [173];
B. reinwardti, [173];
B. rufa, [173];
B. subcristata, [173];
B. sumatrensis, [173];
B. timorlaensis, [173];
B. verreauxi, [173]
Beak, [11] f.
Bearcoot, [162]
Beddard, on trachea of Paradise-bird, [545] n.;
on Zosterops, [568]
Bee-eater, [376], [387] f., [389];
habits, [388];
Blue-tailed, [389]
Belding, on Harlequin Duck, [120]
Bell-bird, [482], [482], [567], [567] n.
Belly, [20]
Bendire, on habits of Canachites, [236]
B. comatus, [393]
Bergut, [162]
Berlepsch, on Humming-birds, [432]
Bernicla, [131];
B. brenta, [131];
B. canadensis, [131] f.;
B. hutchinsi, [132];
B. leucopsis, [131];
B. minima, [132];
B. nigricans, [131];
B. occidentalis, [132];
Bernieria, [503]
Bevies, [221]
Bhringa, [528]
Bhund-Moorg, [208]
Bias, [506]
Biconcave vertebrae, in Ichthyornis, and probably in Archaeopteryx, [6], [49];
perhaps in Enaliornis, [49]
Bill, [11] f.;
arched, [12];
of Balaeniceps and Cancroma, [86];
scissor-like, [12];
wedge-like, [12]
Bill-sheath, [11];
in Chionis, [268];
nature of, [2] n.;
Bird, definition, [1];
differences from other Vertebrata, [1] f.;
derivation from Reptiles, [14]
Bird of Paradise, [543] f.;
D'Albertis', [544];
fables concerning, [543];
habits, [550] f.;
Great, [546];
Long-tailed, [546];
King, [547];
Magnificent, [547];
Twelve-wired, [545];
Red, [546];
Birds'-nest soup, [423]
Birds of passage, [17]
Birds of prey, [108];
cere, [11];
moult, [5]
Birds of the Gods, [543]
habits, [87] f.;
Common, [89];
Little, [88]
fossil, [136];
Blacicus, [474]
Blackburn, on Cuckoo, [354]
Black-Cock, [237] f.
Black Witch, [359]
Blake, on Flamingo, [107]
Blight-bird, [568]
Blind-sacs, [12]
Blue-bird, Fairy, [505]
Blue colour in birds, its nature, [3] n.
Blue Darr, [314]
Blue-eye, [568]
Boatswain-bird, [72]
Boat-tail, [580]
Bobolink, [580]
B. griseiventris, [233] f.;
B. severtzovi, [234];
B. sylvestris, [233];
B. umbellus, [233]
Bontekoe, figure of Didus borbonicus, [330]
Bonxie, [304]
Booted, [10]
Bostrychia carunculata, [102]
B. lentiginosus, [89];
B. pinnatus, [89];
B. poeciloptilus, [89];
B. stellaris, [89]
Bourdons, [426]
Bower-bird, [543], [548] f., [550];
habits, [551] f.;
Satin–see Satin-bird
Brachygalba, [446];
B. albigularis, [445];
B. melanosterna, [445]
Brachypteracias, [378];
B. leptosomus, [378]
Brachypteryx, [502]
Brachyrhamphus craveri, [319];
B. hypoleucus, [319];
B. kittlitzi, [318];
B. marmoratus, [318]
Bradypteri, of Sharpe, [513]
Bradypterus, [514]
Brambling, [584]
Branta, fossil, [136]
Breast, [20]
Breast-bone, [6]
Brewer–see Baird
Brigade, vi (Preface)
Brisson, on Bucco (including Barbet), [448];
on Strigidae, [398] n.
Bristle-feathers, [3]
Bristles, nature of, [2] n.
Broad-bill, [467]; habits, [469]
Broderip, on Toucan, [454] n.
Brodrick–see Salvin, F. H.
Bromvogel, [392]
Bronchi, [13]
Bronchial syrinx, [21]
Bronn's Thier-reich, [14], [23]
Brontornis, [45];
B. burmeisteri, [45]
Bronze-wing–see Pigeon
Brown colour in birds, its nature, [3] n.
fossil, [415];
B. abyssinicus, [414];
B. ascalaphus, [414];
B. bengalensis, [414];
B. blakistoni, [414];
B. capensis, [414];
B. cinerascens, [414];
B. dorriesi, [414];
B. ignavus, [413] f.;
B. lacteus, [414];
B. lettii, [414];
B. leucostictus, [414];
B. maculosus, [414];
B. magellanicus, [414];
B. milesi, [414];
B. nigrescens, [414];
B. nipalensis, [414];
B. orientalis, [414];
B. philippensis, [414];
B. poënsis, [414];
B. shelleyi, [414];
B. turcomanus, [413];
B. bicinctus, [447];
B. chacuru, [447];
B. collaris, [447];
B. dysoni, [447];
B. hyperrhynchus, [447], [447];
B. maculatus, [447];
B. striatipectus, [447]
Buceros, [390];
B. rhinoceros, [395]
habits, [390]
Bucerotinae, [390]
Buchanga leucogenys, [528];
B. atra, mimicry, [529];
B. waldeni, [528]
Buck–see Chapman
Buckley, T. E., on Red Grouse, [238] n.
Bucorax, [395]
Bucorvinae, [395]
Bucorvus, [390], [392], [393], [395];
Budgerigar, [367]
Buffel-head, [121]
Bulbul, [504] f.;
habits, [505] f.;
of poets, [506]
Bull-bat, [416]
Buller, on Meliphagidae, [568] n.;
on Phalacrocorax, [77];
on Spheniscus minor, [57] n.;
on Stringops, [367] n.
Bulweria, [60];
B. bulweri, [67];
B. macgillivrayi, [67]
Bunting, [578], [579], [582] f.;
Ortolan, [584];
Painted, [585];
Reed-, [584];
Yellow Hammer, [584]
Buphaga, [559]
Buphus bubulcus, [91]
Burgomaster, [306]
Busarellus, [146];
B. nigricollis, [168]
Bustard, [170], [243], [260] f.;
habits, [262] f.;
Ruffed, [262]
Butastur indicus, sub-species, [167];
B. liventer, [167];
B. rufipennis, [167];
B. teesa, [167]
Buteo, [146], [164] f., [166], [172];
fossil, [181];
B. abbreviatus, [166];
B. albicaudatus, [166];
B. augur, [166];
B. auguralis, [166];
B. borealis, [166];
B. brachypterus, [166];
B. desertorum, [165] f.;
B. exsul, [166];
B. ferox, [166];
B. galapagensis, [166];
B. leucocephalus, [166];
B. plumipes, [166];
B. poliosomus, [166];
B. solitarius, [165];
B. swainsoni, [166];
Buteogallus aequinoctialis, [168]
Buteola brachyura, [166];
B. leucorrhoa, [166]
Buthraupis, [575]
B. atricapilla, [90];
B. mauritianus, fossil, [95];
B. virescens, [90]
Butreron capellii, [349]
Buzzard, [146], [148], [160], [162], [164] f., [169], [170];
habits, [165];
Common, [165];
Rough-legged, [164]
Bycanistes buccinator, [393]
C. (Ocydromus) sylvestris, [245]
Cabanis, classification, [14];
on classification by song-muscles, [466]
C. roseicapilla, [372]
Cacatuinae, [362] f., [364], [372] f.
C. chukar, [228];
C. magna, [228];
C. melanocephala, [228];
C. petrosa, [228];
C. rufa, [228];
C. saxatilis, [228];
C. spatzi, [228]
Cachalote, [487]
Cacomantis passerinus, [355];
C. virescens, [355]
Cactornis, [583], [585], [586]
Caeca, [12]
Caica melanocephala, [369]
Cairina, [111];
C. moschata, [134]
Calamospiza, [586]
Calamus, [3]
C. brachydactyla, [497]
Calandria, [519]
Calao, [390]
Calcarius, [583]
Calidris, [269];
C. arenaria, [282]
C. cinerea, [556] f.;
C. wilsoni, [557]
Callene, [513]
Calliope, [509];
C. camtschatcensis, [512];
C. pectoralis, [512];
C. tschebaiewi, [512]
Callipepla, [200];
C. squamata, [230]
Callisitta, [537]
Calliste, [575]
Callocephalon galeatum, [373]
Calloo, [120]
Calochaetes, [575]
Calodromas, [183];
C. elegans, [185]
C. nicobarica, [334];
C. pelewensis, [334]
Caloenatinae, [325]
Calopelia puella, [338]
Caloperdix, [199];
C. borneensis, [221];
C. oculea, [221]
Calopezus, [182];
C. elegans, [185]
Calopsittacus novae hollandiae, [373]
Calorhamphus, [448];
C. fuliginosus, [450];
C. hayi, [450]
Calothorax lucifer, [438]
Calypte annae, [438];
C. costae, [438];
C. helenae, [438]
C. viridis, [468];
C. whiteheadi, [468]
Camarhynchus, [583], [585], [586]
Camascelus, fossil, [300]
Campanero, [482]
Campephagidae, [494], [525] f., [531];
habits, [526] f.
Campethera, [460];
C. punctata, [460]
Campophilus, [463];
C. principalis, [463]
Camptolaemus, [114];
C. labradorius, [119]
Campylopterus, [435]
Canace canadensis, [236]
Canachites canadensis, [236];
C. franklini, [236]
Cape-, [585]
C. cochlearia, [90] f.;
C. zeledoni, [91]
Canirallus kioloïdes, [248]
Cannon-bone, [9]
Cape-Hen, [67];
-Penguin, [57];
Capercaillie, [202], [203], [236]
C. niger, [451];
C. salvini, [451]
Capitoninae, [448] f.;
habits, [448] f.
Capitulum of rib, [6]
Caprimulgi, [376], [398], [415] f.;
toes, [415]
Caprimulgidae, [172], [415], [417] f.;
habits, [416] f.
Caprimulgus, operculum of nostrils, [11];
C. aegyptius, [418];
C. parvulus, [415];
C. ruficollis, [418]
Capsiempis, [473];
C. orbitalis, [474]
Caracara, [152]
Carau, [257]
Carcineutes, [383];
C. pulchellus, [386]
Cardellina, [574]
Carduelis, [583];
C. elegans, [584]
Cariama, [44], [110], [258], [260];
habits, [259] f.
Carina, [6]
Carinatae, meaning, [6];
a subdivision of Neornithes, [23] f.
C. bactriana, [411];
C. brama, [411];
C. glaux, [402];
C. plumipes, [411];
C. spilogastra, [411];
C. superciliaris, [411]
Carpal spurs in Palamedeidae, [109]
Carphibis, [99];
C. spinicollis, [102]
Carpococcyx radiatus, [358], [358];
C. viridis, [358]
Carpodacus, [585]
Carpometacarpus, [8]
Carpophaga, [327], [328], [345];
C. aenea, [345];
C. basilica, [345];
C. concinna, [345];
C. cuprea, [345];
C. griseipectus, [345];
C. pacifica, [345];
C. pinon, [345];
C. poecilorrhoa, [345];
C. rubricera, [345] f.;
C. zoeae, [345]
Carré, on Didus borbonicus, [330]
Carrion-Crow, [140]
Carrion-Hawk, [137], [146], [151] f., [153]
Casarca cana, [129];
C. rutila, [129];
C. tadornoïdes, [129];
C. variegata, [129]
Cashew-bird, [197]
Casque, of Cassowary, [33] f.
Cassicinae, [579] f.
Cassiculus, [580]
Cassidix, [580]
Cassiques, [580]
Cassowary, [26];
feathers, [35];
structure, etc., [32] f.;
aftershaft, [3];
breast-bone, [7];
nestlings, [34]
Casuariformes of Parker, [38]
Casuarii (= Megistanes), [32] f.;
finger, [9]
Casuariidae, structure, etc., [32] f.
Casuarius australis, [33];
C. beccarii, [33];
C. bennetti, [34];
C. bicarunculatus, [33];
C. galeatus, [33];
C. occipitalis, [34];
C. papuanus, [34];
C. picticollis, [34];
C. tricarunculatus, [33];
C. uniappendiculatus, [34], [35]
Catamblyrhynchus, [584]
Cataract-bird, [517]
Catharista, [140];
C. atratus, [140]
Cathartae, [137] f.;
claws on manus, [48]
Cathartes, [140]
Cathartidae, [70], [137] f., [143];
fossil, [140];
fossil, Dryornis belongs here, [44];
habits, [137] f.
Catheturus, [190] f.;
Catreus, [203];
C. wallichi, [212]
Cedar-bird (Ampelis cedrorum), [530]
Celeomorphae, [457]
Celeus, [462] f.;
C. flavus, [463]
Centrites, [473], [475], [477];
C. niger, [477]
Centrocercus, [199], [200], [203];
air-sacs, [201];
C. urophasianus, [234]
Centropelma micropterum, [53]
habits, [356] f.
C. sinensis, [356];
C. toulou, [357];
C. unirufus, [356]
Centrornis majori, fossil, [136] f.
Centrum of vertebra, [6];
in Archaeopteryx, [24]
Cephalolepis, [431];
C. delalandi, [437]
Cephalopterus, [480], [482], [483];
C. glabricollis, [481];
C. ornatus, [481], [481], [482];
C. penduliger, [481]
Cepphus carbo, viii, [319];
C. columba, viii, [319];
C. grylle, [319];
C. mandti, [319];
C. snowi, viii
Ceratogymna, [393];
C. elata, [394]
C. cornuta, [478]
Cercibis, [100];
C. oxycerca, [101]
Cere, [20];
in Anseriformes, [109], [111];
in Falconiformes, [137];
in Psittaci, [362];
in Strigidae, [398]
C. novae hollandiae, [133]
Ceriornis, [199]-[201], [216];
C. blythi, [216];
C. melanocephalus, [216];
C. satyrus, [216];
C. temmincki, [216]
Cerorhyncha monocerata, [317] f.
Certhidea, [572]
Certhiidae, [494], [536], [571] f.
Certhiola, [573];
C.flaveola, [573]
Certhionyx leucomelas, [565]
Cervix, [20]
C. alcyon, [387];
C. rudis, [384]
Cetn, [165]
C. euerythra, [386];
Chaetobias, [502]
Chaetocercus bombus, [438]
Chaetoptila, [565]
Chaetopus, [226]
Chaetorhynchus, [528]
Chaetura, [422];
C. acuta, [423];
C. boehmi, [423];
C. cassini, [423];
C. caudacuta, [422];
C. grandidieri, [423];
C. novae guineae, [422] f.;
C. pelagica, [422];
C. ussheri, [423];
C. zonaris, [422]
Chaka, [109]
Chalcococcyx, [352];
Chalcoparia, [569]
Chalcopelia, [335];
C. afra, [339];
C. chalcospilus, [339]
Chalcophaps, [338];
C. chrysochlora, [338];
C. indica, [338];
C. mortoni, [338];
C. natalis, [338];
C. sanghirensis, [338];
C. stephani, [338]
Chalcurus inocellatus, [208]
C. fasciata, [522];
C. henshawi, [522]
Chamaeidae, [522]
Chamaeospiza, [583]
Chamaepetes, [195];
C. goudoti, [197] f.;
C. unicolor, [198]
Chamaeza, [489]
Channel-bill, [356]
Chapman, Abel, on Flamingo, [107];
on Woodpecker, [459] n.
Chapman and Buck, on Bustard, [263] n.;
on Egyptian Vulture, [145] n.;
on nestling of Gyps, [143] n.
Chapparal-Cock, [357]
Charadriidae, [268], [272] f.;
operculum C. nostrils, [11]
Charadriiformes, [268] f.
Charadriinae, [268], [269], [272] f.
fossil, [300];
C. dominicus, [272];
C. fulvus, [272];
C. obscurus, [273];
C. pluvialis, [272]
Charata, [197]
Charmosyna, [364]
Chasmorhynchus, [479], [480], [482], [567] n.;
C. niveus, [481], [482], [482];
C. nudicollis, [481];
C. tricarunculatus, [481];
C. variegatus, [481]
Chat, [511], [512], [515]-[517]
Chaulelasmus, [111];
C. couesi, [127];
of streperus, [127]
Chauna, [109];
C. chavaria, [110];
C. cristata, [109], [110], [110];
C. derbiana, [110]
Chaunoproctus, [583]
Cheer, [212]
C. dasypus, [522];
C. urbica, [524]
Chelidoptera brasiliensis, [448];
C. tenebrosa, [448]
Chen caerulescens, [133];
C. hyperboreus, [133];
C. nivalis, [133];
fossil, [136];
C. aegyptiaca, [129];
C. jubata, [129];
C. sirabensis, fossil, [137]
Chenonetta jubata, [130]
Chenonettinae, [111], [112], [130] f.
Chenopis, fossil, [136];
C. atrata, [135]
Chenornis graculoïdes, fossil, [136]
Chera, [578]
Chest, [21]
Chettusia gregaria, [275] f.;
C. leucura, [276]
Cheu-can, [490]
Cheu-gui, [490]
Chibia, [528];
C. bimaënsis, [528];
C. bracteata, [528];
C. hottentotta, [528];
C. pectoralis, [528]
Chicquera ruficollis, [178];
C. typus, [178]
Chimarrhornis, [516]
Chionididae, [268], [269], [292] f.
C. alba, [293];
C. minor, [293]
Chirocylla, [480]
C. aurantiaca, [478];
C. manacus, [479]
Chiroxiphia, [478];
C. caudata, [479];
C. pareola, [478]
C. cerviniventris, [551];
C. maculata, [551];
Chleuasicus, [502]
C. hybrida, [130];
C. inornata, [130];
C. magellanica, [130] f.;
C. poliocephala, [130];
C. rubidiceps, [131]
Chloridops, [562]
Chlorochrysa, [575]
Chloronerpes, [460];
C. rubiginosus, [460]
Chloropeta, [506]
C. flavicapilla, [478]
C. cyanopogon, [505];
C. flavipennis, [505]
Chondestes, [586]
Chordiles, [416];
C. virginianus, [416]
Chorion, [21]
Chosornis praeteritus, fossil, [194]
Chotorhea, [450]
Chrysococcyx, [352];
C. cupreus, [355];
C. smaragdineus, [355]
Chrysoenas, [326], [327], [347];
C. luteovirens, [347];
C. victor, [347];
C. viridis, [347]
Chrysolampis mosquitus, [434]
C. amherstiae, [210];
Chrysomitris, [583];
C. spinus, [584]
Chrysophlegma, [460] f.;
C. flavinucha, [460] f.;
C. miniatum, [461]
Chrysotis, [362], [364], [370];
yellow varieties, [370];
C. aestiva, [370]
Chthonicola, [518]
Chuck-Will's-widow, [417]
Chueké, [30]
C. burmeisteri, [259]
Chupa-myrta, [426];
-rosa, [426]
Church, on Turacin, [360] n.
Cichladusa, [513]
Cichlherminia, [515]
Cichlopsis, [513]
Cicinnurus, [545], [550], [551];
C. regius, [547]
Ciconia, [95];
C. boyciana, [99];
habits, [96]
Ciconiiformes, [59], [70] f., [108]
Cinclidae, [519]
Cinclodes, [486]
Cinclosoma, [503]
Cinclus, [519];
C. ardesiacus, [519];
C. leucocephalus, [519];
C. leuconotus, [519]
Cinnamopterus, [559];
C. tenuirostris, [560]
Cinnicerthia, [521]
Cinnyris brevirostris, [568];
C. osea, [568];
C. splendidus, [569]
Circaëtinae, [153]
Circaëtus, [153];
C. beaudouini, [153];
C. cinerascens, [153];
C. cinereus, [153];
C. fasciolatus, [153];
C. gallicus, [153]
fossil, [181];
habits, [154] f.;
C. aeruginosus, [155];
C. approximans, [155];
C. assimilis, [155];
C. cineraceus, [155];
C. cinereus, [155];
C. cyaneus, [155];
C. gouldi, [155];
C. hudsonius, [155];
C. humbloti, [155];
C. jardinii, [155];
C. macrosceles, [155];
C. maculosus, [155];
C. maillardi, [155];
C. maurus, [155];
C. melanoleucus, [155];
C. ranivorus, [155];
C. spilothorax, [155];
C. spilonotus, [155];
C. swainsoni, [155];
C. wolfi, [155]
Cirrhopipra, [478];
C. filicauda, [478];
C. heterocerca, [478]
Cissopis, [575]
Cisticolae, of Sharpe, [513]
Cistothorus, [521]
Cittocincla, [510], [513], [517]
Cittura cyanotis, [385]
Cladorhynchus pectoralis, [278]
Clamator, [226]
Clangula albeola, [121];
C. islandica, [121]
Clark, on bones of Dodo, [330]
Clarke, W. E., Digest of Migration Reports, [19] n.
Classification, [13] f.
Claudia squamata, [425]
Clavicle, [7], [8], [21], [187]–see also Furcula Claws, nature of, [2] n.;
of recent Birds, [9];
serrated, [10];
on manus of Carinatae, [48];
in Grouse, [199];
shed in Ptarmigan, [203];
in Ratitae, [26]
Clibanornis, [484]
Clucking Hen, [256]
Clypeïcterus, [579] f.
Clytoceyx rex, [386]
Clytoctantes, [488]
Clytorhynchus pachycephaloïdes, [533]
Cnemiornis, [133];
fossil, [136];
breast-bone, [7];
very little keel to sternum, [26], [133]
Cnemophilus macgregori, [548] f.
Cnipolegus, [473], [474], [476];
C. unicolor, [475]
Coach-whip bird, [503]
Coccothraustes, [583];
C. vulgaris, [584]
C. americanus, [356];
C. coromandus, [355];
C. erythrophthalmus, [356];
C. glandarius, [355];
C. occidentalis, [356];
C. serratus, [355]
Cochoa azurea, [510];
C. purpurea, [510];
C. viridis, [510]
Cock, [203]
Cock of the Rock, [480]
Cockatoo, [351], [364], [365], [372] f.;
Cockatoo-Parakeet, [373]
Coël, [356]
Coerebidae, [572] f.
Colaptes, [458];
C. agricola, [460];
C. auratus, [460];
C. mexicanus, [460]
Colibri, [426]
Coliidae, [439] f.
Colin, [231]
Colius, [440] f.;
toes, [10];
C. castanonotus, [441];
C. erythromelon, [441];
C. leucocephalus, [441];
C. leucotis, [441];
C. macrurus, [441];
C. nigricollis, [441];
C. striatus, [441]
Collar-bone, [8]
Collingwood, on Sooty Tern, [312]
fossil, [426];
C. francica, [424];
C. fuciphaga, [423] f.
Colour of feathers, [3] f.
fossil, [350];
C. affinis, [344];
C. araucana, [344];
C. arquatrix, [344];
C. grisea, [344];
C. gymnophthalma, [326], [344];
C. ianthina, [344];
C. intermedia, [344];
C. leucocephala, [344];
C. leucomela, [344];
C. leuconota, [344];
C. livia, [344];
C. metallica, [344];
C. oenas, [344];
C. palumboïdes, [344];
C. phaeonota, [328];
C. polleni, [344];
C. rufina, [344];
C. schimperi, [344];
C. speciosa, [344];
C. torringtoniae, [344];
Columbae, [268], [322], [325] f.;
operculum of nostrils, [11]
Columbidae, [268], [325] f., [333] f.;
habits, [327] f.
Columbigallina, [325], [327], [328], [335], [340];
C. buckleyi, [340];
C. cruziana, [340];
C. minuta, [340];
C. passerina, [340];
C. rufipennis, [340];
C. talpacoti, [340]
Columbula picui, [340]
Coly, [439] f.;
Colymbi, [49]
Colymbidae, habits, [51] f.;
structure, etc., [49] f.
Colymbiformes, [49] f.
Colymboïdes, fossil, [50]
Colymbomorphae, [48]
Colymbus adamsi, [50];
C. arcticus, [50];
C. pacificus, [50];
C. septentrionalis, [50]
Comatibis, [100];
C. comata, [102]
Comet, Sappho, [434]
Compressed, [21]
Compsotis, [262]
Conopophagidae, [469], [489] f.
C. ardesiacus, [476]
Contour-feather, [2]
C. carolinensis, [365], [371];
C. guarouba, [371];
C. patachonius, [525];
C. pertinax, [366];
C. solstitialis, [371]
Copper-smith, [449]
Copsychus, [510], [513], [516]
Coraciae, [376] f.
Coracias, [376];
C. abyssinicus, [377];
C. garrulus, [376] f.;
C. naevius, [377];
C. spatulatus, [377];
C. temmincki, [376]
Coraciidae, [376] f.
Coraciiformes, [376] f.
Coraciinae, [376];
habits, [377] f.
Coraciomorphae, [351]
unites with furcula and scapula in Fregata, [72]
Coracomorphae, of Huxley, [466]
Coracopitta, [469];
C. lugubris, [471]
Coracopsis, [364];
C. barklyi, [369];
C. comorensis, [369];
C. mascarinus, [365] f.;
C. nigra, [369];
C. sibilans, [369];
C. vasa, [369]
Cordeaux, W. W., on Ibidorhynchus, [277] n.
C. pulchra, [246]
Coriphilus, [364];
C. taitianus, [373];
C. ultramarinus, [373]
fishing with, [79];
habits, [78];
Green, [77];
Pigmy, [78]
Cornay, classification, [14]
Corn Crake–see Crake, Corn
Corneous, [11]
Corvidae, [495], [525], [531], [543], [552] f.;
habits, [554] f.
Corvinae, [552] f.
Corvus, fossil, [496];
C. caurinus, [555];
C. cornix, [355];
C. corone, [556];
C. frugilegus, [552];
C. ossifragus, [556];
C. pastinator, [552];
C. scapulatus, [553];
C. torquatus, [553];
C. tropicus, [556]
Corydon, [468];
C. sumatranus, [468]
Coryphoenas, [326];
C. crassirostris, [342] f.
Coryphospiza, [583]
Corythaeola, [360]
Corythaix fischeri, [361]
Corythornis cristata, [386] f.
Coscoroba candida, [135]
Cosmonetta, [112];
C. histrionica, [120]
C. caffra, [512] n.;
C. natalensis, [510]
C. concolor, [525];
C. fuligula, [524] f.;
C. rupestris, [524] f.
Cotinga, [480];
C. amabilis, [480]
Cotingidae, [469], [477], [479] f., [567] n.;
habits, [482] f.
Cotinginae, [479] f.
fossil, [240];
C. capensis, [220];
C. communis, [220];
C. coromandelica, [220];
C. delegorguii, [220];
C. japonica, [220];
C. novae zealandiae, [220];
C. pectoralis, [220]
C. caerulea, [357]
Coucal, [356];
habits, [356] f.
Courlan, [257]
Cream-coloured, [294]
Greater, [21];
Lesser, [21];
Median, [21];
Upper, [21]
Cow-bird, [582]
Cowry-bird, [577]
Crab-Plover–see Plover, Crab
habits, [195];
replace Pheasants, etc., [192]
C. destructor, [533]
Baillon's, [248];
Little, [248];
Crane, viii, [148], [243], [251] f., [263];
habits, [252] f.;
trachea enters keel of sternum, [13];
young, [256];
Common, [254];
Demoiselle, [255];
of Japan, [254];
Kaffir, [256];
Sandhill, [254];
Wattled, [255];
Cranorhinus cassidix, [394] f.
Crapaud-volant, [419] n.
Crateropodes, of Sharpe, [502]
C. kirki, [503]
Crax, [194] f.;
Crazy Widow, [257]
Creadion carunculatus, [558]
Creciscus, [246];
C. levraudi, [246]
Creeper, [571] f.;
Cretaceous epoch, Birds of, [2]
Crex pratensis, [245], [248], [248]
Crissum (vent-region), [20]
Crocodile-bird, [295]
Crocopus, [349];
C. chlorigaster, [349]
Crop, [12];
in Galliformes, [186];
in Humming-birds, [427];
in Opisthocomus, [241];
in Phasianidae, [200];
in Sand-grouse, [322];
in Thinocorythidae, [270];
in Tinamidae, [183]
Crossleyia, [503]
Crossoptilon, [199], [200], [203], [214];
C. auritum, [214];
C. harmani, [214];
C. leucurum, [214];
C. manchuricum, [214];
C. tibetanum, [214]
C. ani, [359];
C. major, [359];
C. sulcirostris, [359]
habits, [359]
Crow, [149], [175], [356], [552]-[556];
-Blackbird, [580];
Grey, [355];
Crown, [20]
Crypsirhina, [552]
Cryptolopha, [506], [514], [518]
Cryptorhina, [552]
Cryptornis, fossil Hornbill in France, [395]
Crypturi, incisura ischiadica, [9];
no pygostyle, [6] n.
Crypturidae, [182] f.
Cuckoo, [351], [352] f., [353];
habits, [353] f.;
Hawk, [353];
migration, [19];
Opisthocomus related to, [186];
parasitic habits, etc., [354];
toes, [10];
Black-billed, [356];
Great Spotted, [355];
Radiated Ground-, [358];
Yellow-billed, [356]
Cuckoo-Shrike, [525] f.;
habits, [526] f.
Cuckoo's-mate, [465]
Cuculidae, [351] f.;
toes, [10]
Cuculiformes, [351] f.
habits, [353] f.
Cuculus canorus, [352] f., [353];
C. clamosus, [352]
Culicicapa, [507]
Culicivora, [473]
Culmen, [20]
Cuneate, [21]
Cunningham, on Tachyeres, [121] n.
Curassow, [186], [194], [241];
habits, [195];
Crested, [196]
Curlew, [282], [287] f., [288];
bill, [12];
Eskimo, [288];
Cursorius, [269], [270], [293], [294] f.;
C. albifasciatus, [295];
C. bicinctus, [295];
C. bisignatus, [295];
C. bitorquatus, [295];
C. chalcopterus, [270], [295];
C. cinctus, [295];
C. coromandelicus, [295];
C. gallicus, [294];
C. hartingi, [295];
C. rufus, [294] f.;
C. seebohmi, [295];
C. senegalensis, [295];
C. somalensis, [294];
C. temmincki, [295]
Cushat, [344]
Cutis, [2] n.
Cutting edges of bill, [20]
Cyanecula, [516];
C. leucocyana, [512];
C. suecica, [512];
C. wolfi, [512]
Cyanochen cyanoptera, [130]
Cyanolesbia gorgo, [434]
Cyanolyseus, [365];
Cyanomyias, [506];
C. verticalis, [435]
Cyanophaea caeruleigularis, [435]
Cyanopica, [552];
C. cyana, [553]
Cyanops, [450];
C. faber, [449]
Cyanorhamphus erythrotis, [365]
Cyanospiza ciris, [563], [585];
C. cyanea, [585]
C. azarae, [474]
Cyclopsittacinae, [362] f., [373]
Cyclopsittacus, [373]
Cyclorhis, [536]
Cyclorhynchus, [316];
C. psittaculus, [318]
Cycnopsis cycnoïdes, [111], [132]
Cygninae, [111], [112], [135] f.;
young, [114]
Cygnus, fossil, [136];
C. bewicki, [112], [135], [136];
C. melanocoryphus, [111], [135];
Cymbilanius, [488]
Cymborhynchus macrorhynchus, [468]
Cyphorhinus, [521];
C. cantans, [521]
Cypselidae, [315] n., [419] f.;
habits, [421] f.
Cypseloïdes, [420], [422], [423];
C. brunneitorques, [423];
C. niger, [423];
C. rutilus, [423]
Cypselomorphae, [419] n.
Cypselus, [424];
fossil, [426];
toes, [10];
C. melanoleucus, [421] n., [424], [425];
C. melba, [424];
C. montivagus, [425];
C. murinus, [424];
C. pacificus, [425];
C. pallidus, [424];
C. squamatus, [424];
C. unicolor, [424]
C. montezumae, [231] f.
Dabchick, [52]
D. gigas, [386]
Dactylortyx, [199];
D. thoracicus, [232]
D. acuta, [125];
D. eatoni, [125];
D. spinicauda, [125]
D'Albertis, on Macropteryx, [421] n.
Dal-riporre, [239]
Dames, on Archaeopteryx, [23] n.;
on Scaniornis, [108] n.
Dampier, on Flamingo, [107];
on Goura, [334]
Dance of Cranes, [252]
Dancing of Kagu, [265];
of Sun-bittern, [266];
of Vanellus cayennensis, [275] n.
Daphoenositta, [537]
D. capensis, [66]
habits, [80] f.;
Indian, [80]
Darwin, on breeds of Pigeons, [327] n.;
on Patagona gigas, [430];
on Pelecanoïdes, [69];
on Tachyeres, [121]
Dasornis, [45]
Dasylophus, [352]
Dasyptilus, [364];
D. pesqueti, [369]
Daulias, [510];
D. luscinia, [512];
D. philomela, [512]
De Bry, on Dodo, [329]
Decomposed feather, [3]
Decorative plumes, [5]
Defilippia crossirostris, [276];
D. leucoptera, [276]
Deglutition, organs of, [12]
Demiegretta sacra, [91]
Dendragapus, air-sacs, [201];
D. fuliginosus, [235];
D. obscurus, [235];
D. richardsoni, [235]
Dendrobates, [462]
Dendrocitta, [552], [553], [556]
Dendrocolaptidae, [469], [483] f.;
habits, [485] f.
Dendrocolaptinae, [457], [484] f.
Dendrocoptes, [462]
Dendrocopus brunneifrons, [461] f.;
D. leuconotus, [462];
D. medius, [462];
Dendrocycna, [111]-[113], [129];
fossil, [136];
D. arborea, [129];
D. arcuata, [130];
D. autumnalis, [129];
D. discolor, [120];
D. eytoni, [130];
D. guttata, [129];
D. javanica, [130];
D. viduata, [129]
D. palmarum, [574];
D. tigrina, [573]
Dendrophila, [537]
D. macrurus, [230]
Dentary, [11]
Depressed, [21]
Deroptyus, [364]
Desjardins, on Solitaire, [331]
Desmodactyli, [466] f.
Deviling, [424]
De Vis, on "Dinornis queenslandiae," [42];
on Metapteryx, [40]
D'Heguerty, on Solitaire, [330]
Diamond-bird, [570] f.
Diaphorapteryx, [244];
D. hawkinsi, fossil, [251]
Diatryma, [45]
Dicaeidae, [570] f.
Dicaeum, [571];
D. erythrorhynchum, [571]
Dichoceros bicornis, [391], [393], [395]
Dicholophus, [44]
Dichromanassa, young, [93];
D. rufa, [91]
Dicranostreptus, [528]
Dicrocercus, [387]
habits, [528] f.
Dicrurus, [528]
Dididae, [268], [325] f., [328]
Di-dric, [355]
Didunculidae, [268], [325] f., [331]
Didunculus, [325], [326], [328];
D. strigirostris, [331] f., [332];
Didus, breast-bone, [7];
coracoid and scapula fused, [8];
little keel to sternum, [26];
Digestion, organs of, [5] f., [12]
of foot, [8]
Diglossa, [572]
Diglossopis, [572]
Dinornis, [42];
D. maximus, [42];
"Dinornis queenslandiae," [42]
Dinornithidae, [41];
structure, etc., [42]
Dinornithinae, [42]
Diomedea, [63];
fossil, [69];
D. albatrus, [64];
D. anglica, fossil, [69];
D. bulleri, [65];
D. cauta, [65];
D. chionoptera, [64];
D. chlororhyncha, [65];
D. exulans, [61], [63] f., [64];
D. immutabilis, [65];
D. irrorata, [64];
D. layardi, [65];
D. melanophrys, [65];
in England and Faeroes, [65];
D. nigripes, [64];
D. regia, [64];
D. salvini, [65]
Diphlogaena iris, [434]
D. gulielmi tertii, [547];
Diplopterus, [352];
D. naevius, [358] f.
Disconnected web, [3]
Discura, [427]
Dissemuroïdes, [528]
Dissemurus, [528];
D. paradiseus, [528]
Dissodectes ardesiacus, [174];
D. dickinsoni, [174];
D. zoniventris, [174]
Dissura, [96];
D. episcopus, [98] f.;
Distal, [21]
habits, [51] f.;
structure, etc., [49] f.;
Black-throated, [50] f.;
Red-throated, [50] f.
Docimastes ensifer, [436]
Dodaars, [329]
breast-bone, [7];
habits, [330]
D. orizivorus, [580]
Dollar-bird, [377]
Donacicola, [578]
Dormant action of formative substance of feather, [4]
Dorsal, [21]
Dorsum, [20]
Dotterel, [272];
Ring-, [273]
Double moult, [4] f.
Dove, Beetle-wing, [338];
Cinnamon-, [337];
Collared Turtle-, [328];
Cordillera-, [339];
Cuckoo-, [343];
Emerald-, [338];
Lemon-, [337];
Mountain-, [342];
Mourning, [342];
Pea-, [342];
Ring-, [344];
Scaly, [341];
Dowitcher, [289]
Down-feather, [2]
Down of young suppressed, [3]
Drepanididae, [562];
habits, [564]
Drepanis, [562];
D. funerea, [563];
D. pacifica, [563], [563], [564]
D. holosericea, [346] f.
Drepanorhynchus, [569]
Drepanornis, [544], [550], [551];
D. cervinicauda, [551]
Dresser, on Bustards, [263] n.;
on Double Snipe, [291] n.;
on Francolin, [226] n.;
on Grouse, [240] n.;
on Pelecanus onocrotalus, [83];
on Quail, [221] n.
Dromadinae, [296]
Dromaeidae, [36];
structure, etc., [32] f.
Dromaeocercus, [514]
Dromaeus, [182];
D. ater, extinct, [38];
D. gracilipes, fossil, [38];
D. irroratus, [36];
D. novae hollandiae, [36], [37];
D. patricius, fossil, [38]
D. ardeola, [296]
Dromornis australis, fossil, [38]
Drongo, [353], [527] f., [528];
habits, [528] f.
Dronte, [329]
Drumming or booming of Grouse, [233]-[238];
of Snipe, [291];
of Woodpeckers, [458] f.
Drum-stick, [9]
Drymornis, [487];
D. bridgesi, [485]
Dryolimnas cuvieri, [248]
Dryonastes, [504]
Dryoscopus cubla, [533];
D. rufiventris, [533]
Dryotomus pileatus, [463]
Dryotriorchis, [154]
Du Bois, on Didus borbonicus, [330]
Duck, [114];
habits of, [113] f.;
fusion of tracheal rings, [13]–see Sheld-Drake;
Black, [119];
Blue, [116];
Brahminy, [129];
Buffel-head, [121];
Canvas-back, [122];
Eider, [118] f.;
Gadwall, [127];
Garganey [125];
habits, [126];
Golden-Eye, [121];
King-Eider, [118] f.;
Lake-, [117];
Logger-head, [121];
Long-tailed, [120] f.;
Mallard, [127];
Muscovy, [134];
Pied, [119];
Pink-eyed, [124];
Pink-headed, [114];
Pintail, [125];
Red-crested, [123];
Shoveller–see Shoveller;
Spectacled Eider, [119];
Summer-, [133];
Teal, habits, [126];
Torrent-, [116];
White-eyed, [122];
Wigeon, [126];
Wild, [127];
skull, [11]
Dulus, [529];
D. dominicus, [530]
Dumetia, [502]
Dunbird, [122]
Dunlin, [279]
Durnford, on Creciscus, [249] n.
Eagle, [137], [146], [148]-[150], [160], [161] f., [179];
Bald, [164];
Black, [161];
Bonelli's, [161];
Booted, [161];
Chilian Sea-, [167];
Golden, [148], [151], [162], [163], [165];
habits, [161] f.;
Harrier–see Harrier Eagle;
Hawk-, [160];
Imperial, [163];
in Falconry, [162];
Pondicherry, [168];
Spotted, [162];
Steppe-, [162];
Tawny, [163];
White-shouldered, [163]
Ear, in Owls, [399]
Ear-coverts, [20]
Eaton, on Penguins, [57] n.;
bright colour of hen, [4], [369];
E. pectoralis, [369]
Eclipse, in Anatidae, [4], [113]
E. migratorius, [342]
Edoliisoma, [525]
Edolius, [528];
E. forficatus, [528]
Eggs, burnished in Tinamidae, [183]
Egg-tooth of embryo, [12]
Egret, [88];
Little, [92]
Egypt, to which region does it belong? [16]
Egyptian Goose, [129]
Eider–see Duck
E. pagana, [474];
E. strepera, [476]
Elaineinae, [473] f.
Elanoïdes, [146], [147], [171];
E. furcatus, [170] f.
E. axillaris, [171];
E. caeruleus, [171];
E. hypoleucus, [171];
E. leucurus, [171];
E. scriptus, [171]
Elaphrocnemus, fossil, [251]
Elasmonetta, [111];
E. chlorotis, [125]
Eleutherodactyli, [467]
Elliot, on Birds of Paradise, [543] n.;
on Grouse, [240] n.;
on Humming-birds, [432]
Elminia, [506]
El Turco, [491]
Emarginate bill, [12]
Emberiza citrinella, [584];
E. fucata, [583];
E. hortulana, [584];
E. miliaria, [584];
E. schoeniclus, [584]
Emberizidae, [582]
Emberizoïdes, [583]
Embernagra, [584]
Emblema, [577]
Embryo, [21]
Emeinae, [42]
Emen, [26], [36], [37], [170];
aftershaft, [3];
breast-bone, [7];
structure, etc., [32] f.
Emeus, [42]
Empidonax, [474];
E. flaviventer, [476];
E. minimus, [475]
Enaliornis, vertebrae, [25];
E. barretti, [47];
E. sedgwicki, [47]
Endaspidean, [484]
Engyptila, [336]
Entomophila, [567]
E. cyanotis, [568]
Eopsaltria, [509]
E. fuscata, [374]
Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis, [98]
Ephthianura, [512] f.
Epops, fables concerning, [396]
Ereunetes pusillus, [282]
E. cupreiventris, [438]
Erismatura, [111], [112], [117];
E. aequatorialis, [118];
E. australis, [118];
E. dominica, [118];
E. ferruginea, [118];
E. jamaicensis, [118];
E. leucocephala, [118];
E. maccoa, [118];
E. vittata, [118]
Erismaturinae, [111], [112], [117]
E. akahige, [512];
E. hyrcanus, [512];
E. komadori, [512];
E. rubecula, [512]
Erne, [163]
Erythrism, [4] n.
Erythrobucco, [449]
Erythrogonys cinctus, [272]
Erythromachus, [244];
E. leguati, fossil, [251]
Erythromyias, [507]
Erythropus, [147];
E. amurensis, [176];
E. vespertinus, [176]
Erythrosterna parva, [507]
Erythrotriorchis radiatus, [159]
Estrelda, [578]
Ethiopian Region, [15] f.
Ethmoid, [11]
Eucichla, [469]
Eucometis, [575]
Eudocimus, [100];
young, [103];
E. albus, [100];
E. ruber, [100]
Eudromias, [270];
male incubates, [271];
E. australis, [272];
E. modestus, [272];
E. morinellus, [272];
E. veredus, [272]
Eudynamis, [355];
E. honorata, [356];
E. melanorhyncha, [356]
E. antipodum, [59];
E. atratus, [59];
E. chrysolophus, [58];
E. pachyrhynchus, [59];
E. schlegeli, [59];
E. sclateri, [59];
E. serresianus, [59];
E. vittatus, [59]
Eudyptula minor, [57]
Eugenes fulgens, [435];
E. spectabilis, [435] f.
Eulabeornis, [244]
E. religiosa, [560]
Eulabetidae, [496], [559], [561], [562]
Eulampis, [427];
E. holosericeus, [433] f.;
Euler, on Procnias, [576] n.
Eumomota superciliaris, [381]
E. falcata, [127]
Euornithes, [46]
Eupetomena macrura, [435]
Eupodotis, [260];
E. arabs, [262];
Euprinodes, [514]
Eupsychortyx cristatus, [231]
E. neoxenus, [444]
Euryceros prevosti, [535] f.
Eurycorystes, [580]
Eurylaemidae, [467];
habits, [469]
Eurylaemus, [468];
E. javanicus, [468]
Eurynorhynchus, [268];
bill, [12];
E. pygmaeus, [282]
Eurypyga, [186], [263], [265] f.;
E. major, [265] f.
E. australis, [377];
E. glaucurus, [377];
E. orientalis, [377]
Euscarthmus, [473];
E. orbitatus, [474];
E. zosterops, [474]
Eustephanus fernandensis, [428], [435];
E. galeritus, [427], [428], [434] f.;
Eutriorchis, [154]
Eutrygon, [335];
E. leucopareia, [335];
E. terrestris, [335]
Evans–see Wilson
Evolution, [15]
Exaspidean, [473]
Excalphatoria, [199], [200], [218] n., [219];
E. adansoni, [219];
E. lepida, [219];
Excrescence on bill shed by Pelecanus erythrorhynchus, [83]
Exoccipital, [11]
Eyelashes, distinct in Opisthocomus, [241];
Facets of vertebra, [6]
Fachach, [63]
Faisan, [198]
Falcipennis, [199];
F. hartlaubi, [236]
fossil, [181];
plumage of young, [178];
see Gennaea and Hierofalco;
F. atriceps, [179];
F. babylonicus, [178];
F. barbarus, [178];
F. biarmicus, [179];
F. cassini, [178];
F. ernesti, subspecies, [178];
F. feldeggi, [179];
F. melanogenys, sub-species, [178];
F. minor, [178];
F. peregrinator, [179];
F. peregrinus, [178] f.;
F. punicus, [178];
F. tanypterus, [179]
Falcon, [137], [146], [148], [149], [178];
for nomenclature of parts, [20];
skeleton of trunk, [7];
flown at Herons, [89];
Arctic, [180];
Desert-, [179];
Gentle, [156];
Greenland-, [180];
Gyr, [180];
Iceland, [180];
Jer, [180];
Peregrine, [148], [174], [178]-[180];
Prairie-, [179] f.;
Royal, [179];
Stone-, [177]
Falconidae, [137], [146]-[150];
habits, [147] f.;
markings of young, [147]
Falconiformes, [108], [137] f.
Falconinae, [146], [147], [173] f.
Falconine, [156]
Falconry, [148] n., [178], [179];
use of Eagles in, [162]
Falculia, [561]
False rib, [6]
Fandango-bird, [479]
Fantail, [506]
Father John, [102]
Feathered spaces or pterylae, [2]
Feathers, nature, growth, etc., [2] f.
Female, and young duller in most birds, [4];
brighter and larger than male in Rhynchaea, [270] f.;
in Turnix, [188];
in Phalaropus, [278];
larger than male in Apteryx, [33];
in Cassowaries, [33];
in Emeus, [33];
in Falconiformes, [137]
Fenestrae, [8]
Fern-Owl, [418]
Festooned bill, [12]
Fieldfare, [510]
Filoplumes, [21]
Finch, [355], [578], [582] f.;
habits, [586];
see Chaffinch, Bullfinch, Hawfinch, Serin;
Grass-, [578];
Green-, [584];
Rose-, [585];
habits, [267]
Fingers, [8]
Fireback, [214] f.
Fire-wood gatherer, [487]
Fjeld-riporre, [240]
Flamingo, [70], [105] f., [106]
Flanks, [21]
Flicker, [460]
Flight, speed of, [20]
Flightless, Birds, [25];
state, of Anatidae, [4], [113], [125];
of Dodo, [328];
of Moorhen, [4];
of Phoenicopteridae, [4], [107];
Florican, [262];
Lesser, [262]
Florida caerulea, [91];
young, [93]
Florisuga mellivora, [436]
Flower, on Hornbill, [392] n.
Flower-pecker, [570] f.
Flycatcher, [467], [473], [506] f.;
habits, [508];
Foetopterus ambiguus, fossil, [181]
Foot, [9]
Foramen, [9];
for optic nerve, [11];
for trigeminal, [11]
Forbes, H. O., on Frigate Bird, [82] n.;
on Phalacrocorax, [77] n.
Forbes, W. A., on classification, [14];
on Barbets and Toucans, [448];
on classification of Petrels, [59] n.;
on Galbulidae, [445];
on Mesites, [186] f.;
on Metopidius and Hydralector, [269] n.;
on trachea of Paradise-bird, [545] n.;
on Passeres, their song-muscles, [466];
Fore-arm, [8]
Forehead, [20]
Fore-neck, [20]
Foreteller, by day, [357];
at night, [356]
Fork-tail, [501]
Formicariidae, [469], [479], [488] f.;
habits, [489]
Formicariinae, [488] f.
Formicivora, [488];
F. caudata, [488];
F. ferruginea, [488]
Fossil Birds, viii, [1] f.
Foudia, [578];
fossil, [496]
Four-o'clock, [567]
Francolins, called Pheasants, [226];
Naked-throated, [225]
Francolinus, [198], [202], [226] f.;
F. adspersus, [227];
F. albigularis, [227];
F. levaillanti, [226];
F. pondicerianus, [227];
F. sinensis, [227];
F. vulgaris, [226]
Franklinia, [518]
Fratercula arctica, [317];
F. corniculata, [317];
F. glacialis, [317]
Freeman and Salvin, on Falconry, [148] n.;
on fishing with Cormorants, [79] n.
coracoid and scapula fused, [8];
habits, [81] f.;
F. minor, [81]
Fregilinae, [552] f.
F. varius, [561]
Friar-bird, [568]
habits, [81] f.
Fringe lost, in feathers, [5]
Fringilla, fossil, [496];
F. coelebs, [584];
F. montifringilla, [584]
Fringillidae, [439], [494], [575], [576], [579], [582] f.;
fossil, [496];
habits, [586]
Frog-mouth, [419]
Frons, [20]
Frontal, [11]
Fulica, [244], [246], [250] f.;
F. alai, [250];
F. americana, [251];
F. atra, [250] f.;
F. australis, [251];
fossil, [251];
F. lugubris, [251];
F. minor, fossil, [251];
F. newtoni, fossil, [251];
F. prior, fossil, [251]
Fulicariae, [243]
fossil, [136];
habits, [123];
F. affinis, [122];
F. collaris, [122];
F. cristata, [122];
F. marila, [121] f.;
F. novae zealandiae, [122], [123]
Fuligulinae, [111]-[114], [118]
F. glacialis, [65];
F. glupischa, [65];
F. rodgersi, [65]
Fürbringer, on classification, [14];
on classification of Passeres, [467]
absent in Apterygidae, [39];
absent in Dinornithidae, [42];
absent in Rheidae, [30];
absent in Struthionidae, [27];
ancylosed with sternum in Gruidae, [252];
in Otididae, [261];
in Heliornithidae, [267];
coalesces with coracoids in Fregata, [72];
ossifies with keel of sternum, [8]–see also Clavicle
Furnariinae, [484] f.
Furnarius, [477], [484], [485];
nest, [485];
F. cinnamomeus, [486];
F. cristatus, [485];
F. figulus, [486];
F. leucopus, [485];
F. minor, [486];
F. torridus, [486]
Gabianus pacificus, [306]
Gadow, on classification, [14], [23];
on classification of Passeres, [467];
on classification of Petrels, [59] n.;
definition of Bird, [1];
on skeleton, [5] f.;
on Archaeornithes and Neornithes, [25];
on Bucerotidae and Upupidae, [390];
on Columbae, [325];
on Cuculiformes, [351];
on Drepanididae, [562];
on Gallinaceous Birds, [198];
on Laniidae, [531];
on Mesites, [187];
on Nightjars, [417] n.;
on Odontornithes, [46];
on Opisthocomus, [186];
on Oscines, [495];
on Owls, [397];
on Palaelodus, [70];
on Panurus, [541];
on Pici, [445];
on Psittaci, [362];
on Pterylosis, [2];
on Ratitae, [26] n.;
on Sand-Grouse, [322];
on Steganopodes, [70] n.;
on "Stereornithes," [43] f.;
on Tinamidae, [182];
on Zosterops, [568];
see Newton, E.
Gadwall–see Duck
Galbalcyrhynchus, [445];
G. leucotis, [446]
Galbula, [446];
G. chalcothorax, [446];
G. cyaneicollis, [445]
Galbulidae, [445] f.;
habits, [446]
Galbulinae, [445]
Galeoscoptes, [514];
G. carolinensis, [519]
Galerita, [497];
G. isabellina, [497]
claws on manus, [48]
G. cinerea, [249]
Galliformes, [186] f.
Gallinaceous Birds, [186]
Gallinae, early attain power of flight, [4]
fossil, [300];
G. aequatorialis, [291];
G. aucklandica, [291] f.;
G. australis, [291];
G. bernieri, [291];
G. caelestis, [290] f.;
G. delicata, [291];
G. frenata, [291];
G. gallinula, [292];
G. gigantea, [291];
G. imperialis, [291];
G. jamesoni, [291];
G. macrodactyla, [291];
G. major, [291];
G. megala, [292];
G. nemoricola, [291];
G. nigripennis, [291];
G. nobilis, [291];
G. paraguaiae, [291];
G. sabinii, [290];
G. solitaria, [291];
G. stenura, [292];
G. stricklandi, [291];
G. undulata, [291];
G. wilsoni, [291]
Galline Birds, habits, [202] f.
Gallinita, [451]
Gallinula, [244], [246], [249];
G. angulata, [249];
G. chloropus, [249];
G. dionysiana, [249];
G. frontata, [249];
G. galeata, [249];
G. peralata, fossil, [251];
G. pyrrhorhoa, [249];
G. sandvicensis, [249];
G. strenuipes, fossil, [251];
G. tenebrosa, [249]
Gallinule, [243]-[245], [249] f.;
Purple, [245]
G. chlorochlamys, [360]
Gallito, [491]
Galloperdix, [218];
G. bicalcarata, [218];
G. lunulata, [218];
G. spadicea, [218]
Gallophasis, [213] n.
Gallus, [199]-[201], [203], [204], [208];
fossil, [241];
G. bankiva, [208] f.;
G. ferrugineus, [208] f.;
G. lafayettii, [209];
G. sonnerati, [209];
G. stanleyi, [209];
G. varius, [209]
Game-birds, [186]
Game-fowl, Black-breasted, [208]
Gampsonyx swainsoni, [171]
Gampsorhynchus, [502]
Gannet, [70], [73], [74], [75];
habits, [75]–see Goose, Solan
Gare-fowl, [321];–see Auk, Great
Garganey–see Duck
Garrod, on classification, [14];
on Barbets and Toucans, [448];
on Galbulidae, [445];
on Passeres, their song-muscles, [466];
on Tantalus ibis, [96]
Garrulinae, [552] f.
G. glandarius, [554]
Garzetta, [92]
Gastornis, [45];
G. edwardsi, [45];
G. klaasseni, [45];
G. parisiensis, [45]
Gätke, on speed of flight, [20]
Gauropicoïdes rafflesi, [461]
Gecinus, [458];
habits, [113] f.;
Black, [131];
habits, [131];
Grey, [132];
habits, [132];
Pigmy, [134];
Spur-winged, [134]
Geikie, on head of Ichthyornis, [48]
Gelinotte, [233]
Gelochelidon anglica, [314]
Genera of Birds, [15]
Gennaea, [179];
G. hypoleuca, [180];
G. jugger, [179];
G. lanarius, [179];
G. mexicana, [179] f.;
G. milvipes, [179];
G. polyagnis, [179] f.;
G. sacer, [179];
G. subnigra, [180]
Gennaeus, [199], [200], [203], [213];
G. albicristatus, [213];
G. andersoni, [213];
G. edwardsi, [213];
G. horsfieldi, [213];
G. leucomelanus, [213];
G. lineatus, [213];
G. melanotus, [213];
G. muthura, [213];
G. swinhoii, [213]
Gentoo, [57]
Genyornis newtoni, fossil, [38] n.
Genys (γενυς = jaw) or Gonys (γονυ = knee and hence = bend), [20]
Geobates, [484]
Geobiastes, [378];
G. squamigera, [378]
G. princii, [509]
G. mexicanus, [352];
habits, [357] f.
Geocolaptes, [458];
G. olivaceus, [460]
Geographical distribution, [15];
variations, [15]
Geopelia, [328];
G. cuneata, [341];
G. humeralis, [341];
G. maugii, [341];
G. striata, [341];
G. tranquilla, [341]
G. scripta, [337];
G. smithi, [337]
Geopsittacus, [364];
G. occidentalis, [367]
G. cunicularia, [485]
Geothlypis, [573]
Geotrygon, [336];
G. chrysia, [336];
G. cristata, [336];
G. linearis, [336];
G. montana, [336];
G. violacea, [336]
Geranoaëtus melanoleucus, [167]
Geranopsis, fossil, [256]
Geranospizias, [156];
G. caerulescens, [156];
G. niger, [156]
Geronticus, [100];
G. calvus, [102]
Gibson, on Chauna, [109] n.;
on Myiopsittacus, [371] n.;
on Rostrhamus, [171]
Gizzard, [12]
Glareola, [268]-[270], [293] f.;
G. cinerea, [294];
G. emini, [294];
G. grallaria, [294];
G. isabella, [294];
G. lactea, [294];
G. megapoda, [294];
G. melanoptera, [294];
G. nordmanni, [294];
G. nuchalis, [294];
G. ocularis, [293] f.;
G. orientalis, [293];
G. pratincola, [293]
Glareolidae, [268], [270], [293] f.
Glareolinae, [293] f.
G. brodiei, [407];
G. capense, [407];
G. castanonotum, [407];
G. castanopterum, [407];
G. cuculoïdes, [407];
G. ferox, [407];
G. gnoma, [407];
G. jardinii, [407] f.;
G. nanum, [408];
G. pardalotum, [407];
G. passerinum, [407];
G. perlatum, [407];
G. pumilum, [408];
G. radiatum, [407];
G. siju, [407];
G. sylvaticum, [407];
G. whitelyi, [407]
Glead, Fork-tailed, [168]
Glenoid cavity, [7]
G. myristicivora, [328]
Glycyphila albifrons, [565];
G. fasciata, [568];
G. modesta, [568]
Glyphorhynchus, [484]
Gnatcatcher, [514]
Godwit, [286] f.;
Bar-tailed, [287];
male incubates, [271];
Black-tailed, [286] f.;
Marbled, [287]
Goeldi, on Cassidix oryzivora, [582] n.;
on Nyctibius, [417] n.
Goiemare, figure of Dodo, [330]
Golden-eye–see Duck
Gom-Paauw, [263]
Gonys–see Genys
Goose, Bean-, [132];
Bernacle-, [131];
Brent, [131];
Cape Barren, [133];
Chinese, [132];
Grey-lag, [132];
Kelp-, [130];
Pink-footed, [132];
Red-breasted, [114], [131], [132];
Upland, [130];
White-fronted, [132]
Gorsachius goisagi, [90]
Gosling, specimen of Dodo, [330]
Gosse, on Aramus, [257];
on Humming-birds, [429], [432];
on Mellisuga, [431];
on Nyctibius, [417] n.
Gould, on Darter, [81];
on Humming-birds, [430], [432];
on Odontophorinae, [230] n.;
on Rhynchaea, [292] n.;
on subfamilies of Humming-birds, [435]
G. albertisi, [334];
G. beccarii, [334];
G. cinerea, [334];
G. scheepmakeri, [334];
G. sclateri, [334];
G. victoria, [334]
Graculipica, [559];
G. melanoptera, [560]
Graduated, [21]
Grallariinae, [488] f.
Grallina, [535];
abnormal vocal organs, [535]
Grammatoptila, [502]
Grandala caelicolor, [510]
Grand Duc, [413]
Grandidier, on Leptosoma, [379] n.;
on Margaroperdix, [224] n.;–see Milne-Edwards
Grant, Ogilvie, on Gallinaceous Birds, [198];
on the Partridge, [224] n.;
on Perdicinae, [218] n.;
on Phaëthon, [72] n.;
on Pithecophaga, [160];
on Platalea, [104] n.;
on Red Grouse, [238];
on Turnix, [188] n.
G. davisoni, [102]
G. azureus, [526]
habits, [53] f.;
structure, etc., [49] f.;
Eared, [53];
Great Crested, [53];
Red-necked, [53];
Slavonian, [53]
Green colour in Birds, its nature, [3] n.
Green, on Collocalia, edible nests, [423]
Greenfinch, [584]
Greenlet, [536]
Greenshank, [284]
Grey Hen, [237]
Griffon, [151]–see Vulture
Grifo, [151]
Grinder, [508]
Griphosaurus, fossil, [23]
Grosbeak, Pine-, [584]
Grouse, [198]-[200], [202], [203];
disease, [203];
Black, [237];
Blue, [235];
Canada-, [236];
Dusky, [235];
Pine-, [235];
Pin-tailed Sand-, [322];
Red, [202], [204], [238] f., [239];
habits, [238] f.;
hybrids, [224];
Ruffed, [233];
Sage-, [235];
habits, [322] f.;
Sharp-tailed, [234];
habits, [252] f.;
trachea enters keel of sternum, [13];
young, [256]
Phororhachos and others of the "Stereornithes" perhaps belong here, [44]
Grus, fossil, [256];
G. americana, [254];
G. australasiana, [254];
G. canadensis, [254];
G. carunculata, [255];
G. collaris, [254];
G. communis, [254];
G. japonensis, [254];
G. leucauchen, [254];
G. leucogeranus, [254];
G. lilfordi, [254];
G. melitensis, fossil, [256];
G. mexicana, [254];
G. monachus, [254];
G. nigricollis, [254];
G. paradisea, [255];
G. primigenia, fossil, [256];
G. sharpii, [254];
G. virgo, [255] f.
Guainumbi, [426]
Guan, [194];
habits, [195]
Gubernatrix, [583]
Guid-guid, [490]
Guillemard, on Bird of Paradise, [550]
Guillemot, [316];
Common, [319];
Ringed, [319]
Guinea-fowl, [198], [203], [204];
habits, [205] f.;
its specific name, [206] n.
Guira, [352];
G. piririgua, [359]
Guiraca, [585]
Gula, [20]
Gull, [49], [148], [268], [300]-[304];
habits, [302] f.;
Black-headed, [308];
Common, [307];
Great Black-backed, [301], [302], [307];
Great Black-headed, [309], [309];
Hooded, [308];
Iceland, [306];
Kittiwake, [301], [302], [305] f.;
Laughing, [309];
Lesser Black-backed, [307];
Peewit, [308];
Sabine's, [310];
Wedge-tailed, [310]
Gullet, [12]
Gundlach, on Aramus, [257] n.
Gurney, on Astur, [156];
on Circaëtinae, [153]
G. cristata, [204];
G. eduardi, [204];
G. plumifera, [204];
G. pucherani, [204];
G. verreauxi, [204]
G. candida, [310];
G. microrhyncha, [310]
Gymnasio, [400]
Gymnobucco, [448];
G. calvus, [450]
Gymnocichla, [489]
Gymnocrex rosenbergi, [247]
Gymnoderinae, [479] f.
powder-down patches, [481]
Gymnoglaux lawrencii, [409];
G. nudipes, [409]
Gymnomystax, [580]
Gymnopelia, [326];
G. erythrothorax, [340]
Gymnophaps, [326];
G. albertisi, [344]
Gymnopithys, [488]
G. hyperleuca, [532]
Gymnorhininae, [531] f.;
habits, [532] f.
Gymnoschizorhis, [360];
G. leopoldi, [361];
G. personata, [361]
Gypaëtus, [146], [147], [149];
habits, [151];
G. meridionalis, [151];
G. ossifragus, [151]
G. angolensis, [151]
Gypoictinia, [149];
G. melanosternon, [170]
Gypopsittacus vulturinus, [369]
Gyps, [143];
nestling, [143];
G. fulvus, [144];
G. himalayensis, [144];
G. indicus, [145];
G. kolbi, [144];
G. melitensis, fossil, [145];
G. pallescens, [145];
G. rüppelli, [144]
Gypsornis, fossil, [251]
Habroptila, [243], [245], [246];
Habrornis, [514]
H. homochrous, [483];
H. niger, [483]
Haemal spine, [6]
H. ater, [277];
H. durnfordi, [277];
H. frazari, [277];
H. galapagensis, [277];
H. leucopus, [277];
H. longirostris, [277];
H. moquini, [277];
H. niger, [277];
H. osculans, [276];
H. ostralegus, [276];
H. palliatus, [277];
H. unicolor, [277]
Haematortyx, [200];
H. sanguiniceps, [221] f.
H. hagedash, [102]
Hagiopsar, [561]
Hairs, nature of, [2] n.
Halcyon, [383];
H. coromandus, [385];
H. cyaniventris, [385];
H. lindsayi, [386];
H. nigrocyaneus, [386];
H. saurophagus, [386];
H. semicaeruleus, [385]
Halcyornis, fossil, [315]
fossil, [181];
H. albicilla, [163];
H. leucocephalus, [164];
H. leucocoryphus, [164];
H. leucogaster, [164];
H. vocifer, [164];
H. vociferoïdes, [164]
Haliastur, [148];
H. indus, [168];
H. sphenurus, [168]
H. caerulea, [66]
Halocyptena microsoma, [67]
Hammer-head, [86] f., [94], [95];
habits, [95]
Hamuli, [3]
Hancock, on Cuckoo, [354]
Hand, [8]
Hang-nest, [582]
H. mackloti, [443];
H. reinwardti, [443]
Hapalis, [514]
H. flaviventer, [476]
H. constantia, [443];
H. narina, [443];
H. vittatum, [443]
Hapaloptila castanea, [447]
H. bronzina, [337];
H. inornata, [337];
H. johnstoni, [337];
H. larvata, [337];
H. principalis, [337];
H. simplex, [337]
H. glacialis, [120]
Harfang, [412]
Hargitt, on Woodpeckers, [458]
Harpa novae zealandiae, [174]
Harpactes, [441], [442], [443];
H. duvauceli, [442];
H. kasumba, [443];
H. orescius, [443]
Harpagornis moorii, fossil, [181]
H. bidentatus, [173];
H. fasciatus, [173]
Harpiprion cayennensis, [101]
Harporhynchus, [514], [515], [519];
H. crissalis, [519]
Harpy, [159]
H. coronatus, [168];
H. solitarius, [168]
Harpyopsis novae guineae, [159]
habits, [154] f.;
-Eagles, [153];
Hen-, [155];
Marsh-, [155];
Montagu's, [155]
Harry, on Dodo, [330]
Hartert, on Humming-birds, [432]
Harting–see Mosenthal
Hartlaubius, [561]
Harvie-Brown, on Diomedea melanophrys, [65] n.
Hawk, [137], [146], [148], [149], [175], [353];
Blue, [178];
Bush-, [174];
Fish-, [180];
Hunting, [178];
Pigeon-, [178];
Quail-, [174];
Red, [178];
Red-tailed, [166];
Singing, [156];
Sparrow-, of America, [149], [176]–see Goshawk
Heath-hen, [235]
Hedge-sparrow–see Sparrow
Hedydipna, [569]
Heilprin, on Geographical Distribution, [15]
Heleothreptus, [418];
H. anomalus, [418]
Heliactin cornuta, [439]
Helicura, [478]
H. soumagnii, [404]
Heliopais, [267];
H. personata, [268]
H. fulica, [267]
Heliornithidae, [243], [267] f.;
habits, [267]
Helmet, [12];
-bird, [535];
-crest, [437]
Helornis, fossil, [108], [300]
H. ecaudatus, [153];
H. leuconotus, [154]
Hemicercus, [464]
Hemichelidon, [506]
Hemilophus pulverulentus, [464]
Hemiphaga chathamensis, [345];
H. novae zealandiae, [344];
H. spadicca, [344] f.
Hemipode, [188]
Hemipodius, [187]
Hemixus, [504]
Hen, [203]
Heniconetta, [114];
H. stelleri, [119]
Henicopernis infuscatus, [173];
H. longicaudatus, [172] f.
Henicophaps albifrons, [338]
Henicorhina, [521]
Henicornis, [484]
Henicuridae, [501]
Henicurus ruficapilla, [501];
H. scouleri, [501];
H. velatus, [501]
Hern, [87]
Herodias alba, [92]
Heron, [70], [86] f., [90], [251], [263];
habits, [87] f.;
Boat-billed Night-, [90] f.;
Great White, [92];
Green, [88];
in Falconry, [89];
Purple, [93];
Squacco, [91]
Herpetotheres cachinnans, [153]
Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus, [489]
Hesperornis, [45] f.;
no keel to sternum, [26];
no pygostyle, [6] n.;
quadrate bone, [26];
restoration, [46];
teeth, [12];
H. crassipes, [46];
H. regalis, [46]
Hesperornithes, [25];
structure, etc., [46] f.
Heteractitis incanus, [285]
Heteralocha acutirostris, [557], [558]
Heterocercus, [478]
Heterocnemis, [488]
Heterocoelous, [6]
Heterocorax, [552];
H. capensis, [556]
Heteroglaux, [400]
Heteronetta atricapilla, [123]
Heteropelma, [477], [479], [482]
Heterospizias meridionalis, [168]
Heterotetrax, [262]
Heuglin, v., on Toucans, [449]
Hieracidea berigora, [174];
H. brunnea, [174];
H. ferox, [174];
H. novae guineae, [175];
H. novae zealandiae, [174];
H. orientalis, [175]
Hierococcyx, [353]
Hierofalco, [180];
H. candicans, [180];
H. gyrfalco, [180];
H. islandus, [180];
H. labradorus, [180]
Hilling, of Ruff, [285]
Hill-Robin, [503]
Himantopus, [268], [269], [277] f.;
fossil, [300];
H. brasiliensis, [278];
H. candidus, [277];
H. knudseni, [278];
H. leucocephalus, [278];
H. melas, [278];
H. mexicanus, [277] f.;
H. pectoralis, [278]
Himantornis, [243];
H. haematopus, [248]
H. virens, [564]
Hind-head, [20];
-neck, [20];
-toe, [10]
Hirundinidae, [494], [522] f.;
habits, [524] f.
H. rustica, [523], [524], [524]
Histrioniphaps histrionica, [337] f.
Hoatzin, [186], [241] f., [242];
habits, [242]
Hodgsonius, [516]
Hoefnagel, figure of Dodo, [330]
Holarctic, [16]
Homologous, meaning of, [5]
Homolopus, fossil, [465]
H. lophotes, [487]
Homrai, [393]
Honey-eater, [564] f.;
habits, [566] f.;
Warty-faced, [566]
Honey-guide, [445], [448], [451];
habits, [452] f.
Hoopoe, [376], [390], [390] n., [395] f., [396];
habits, [395] f.;
habits, [397]
Hooting, of Owls, [401]
H. cayanus, [276];
H. speciosus, [276];
H. ventralis, [276]
Hornbill, [376], [390] f., [391];
habits, [390];
Helmet-, [393];
Plait-billed, [394]
Hornero, [486]
Horns, [12];
in Auks, [315] f., [317], [318]
Houbara, [260];
H. fuerteventurae, [262] n.;
H. macqueeni, [262];
H. undulata, [262]
Houbaropsis, [260];
H. bengalensis, [262]
Hudson, on Aramides, [248];
on Chauna, [109] n.;
on Cow-bird, [582] n.;
on Oven-bird, [485] n.;
on Parra jacana, [300] n.;
on Rhea, [31] f.;
see Sclater
Humboldt and Bonpland discover Oil-bird, [419]
Hume, on Bubo coromandus, [403] n.;
on Francolins, [228] n.;
on Ibis melanocephala, [100] n.;
on Mycteria, [96] n.
Humming-bird, [419], [420], [426] f., [429], [568];
breast-bone, [6] f.;
habits, [428] f.;
nature of iridescent feathers, [4];
operculum of nostrils, [11];
Bee-, [438];
King-, [436];
Long-tailed, [433];
Ruby-and-Topaz, [434]
Hurst, on Archaeopteryx, [23] n.
Hutton, on Wandering Albatros, [63] f.
Huxley, classification, [14];
on Amphimorphae, [105];
on Cathartidae, [137] n.;
on Coracomorphae and their song-muscles, [466];
on Cypselomorphae, [419] n.;
on Gallinaceous Birds, [186], [198];
on Geographical Distribution, [15] f.;
on Palaeeudyptes, fossil, [59] n.;
on Picidae, [457];
restoration of Hesperornis, [46];
Sauropsida as a division of Vertebrata, [1]
Hybrids, of American Partridges, [233];
of Galline Birds, [224];
of Grouse, [237], [237] n., [238]
H. gallinaceus, [298];
H. novae guineae, [298]
Hydranassa, young, [93];
H. tricolor, [91]
Hydrochelidon, [301], [303], [314];
H. hybrida, [314] f.;
H. leucoptera, [314];
H. nigra, [314];
H. surinamensis, [314]
Hydrophasianus, [270];
H. chirurgus, [299], [299], [300]
Hydroprogne caspia, [314]
Hydropsalis, [418]
H. megapodius, [491];
Hylexetastes, [484]
H. sapphirina, [435]
Hylomanes, [380]
Hylophilus, [536];
H. ochraceiceps, [536]
H. malacorhynchus, [116]
horns, [457]
Hyperergus, [502]
Hyphantornis, [579];
H. cucullatus, [578]
Hypochera ultramarina, [577]
Hypocleidium, [21]
Hypocnemis, [488]
Hypocolius ampelinus, [527], [527]
Hypopyrrhus, [580]
Hyporhachis, or aftershaft of feather, [3]
Hypositta, [537]
Hypotaenidia, [246] f.;
H. brachypus, [247];
H. mülleri, [246] f.;
H. striata, [246] f.
Hypotriorchis concolor, [177];
H. cuvieri, [177];
H. diroleucus, [177];
H. eleonorae, [177];
H. fusco-caerulescens, [177];
H. lunulatus, [177];
H. ophryophanes, [177];
H. rufigularis, [177];
H. severus, [177];
H. subbuteo, [176]
Hypselornis sivalensis, fossil, [36]
H. perniger, [505]
Ibidopodia, fossil, [105]
Ibidopsis, fossil, [105]
I. struthersi, [277]
fossil, [105];
young, [103];
I. aethiopica, [102];
I. bernieri, [103];
I. melanocephala, [100], [103];
I. molucca, [103];
Glossy, [101];
Sacred, [102];
Scarlet, [100];
Shell-, [97];
White, [100];
Ibycter, [152];
I. americanus, [152];
I. ater, [152]
Ichthyornis, [45] f.;
head, [48];
quadrate bone, [26];
teeth, [12];
I. dispar, [48];
I. victor, [48]
Ichthyornithidae, structure, etc., [48] f.
Icteria, [573]
Icteridae, [542], [559], [579] f.;
habits, [580];
parasitic, [582]
Icterinae, [579] f.
Icteropsis, [577]
I. baltimore, [580], [581], [581];
I. vulgaris, [581]
Ictinia, [146];
I. mississippiensis, [171];
I. plumbea, [171]
Ignoble, of Falconidae, [146]
Iiwi, [564]
Immature plumage of Birds generally, [4]
Impervious nostrils, [11]
Incisura ischiadica, [9]
Index finger, [9]
Indian Region, [15] f.
Indicator, [451] f.;
I. archipelagicus, [452];
I. major, [452];
I. minor, [452];
habit of guiding to bees' nests, [452] f.;
I. sparrmani, [452];
I. xanthonotus, [452]
habits, [452] f.
Ingluvies, [12]
Inocotis, [100];
I. papillosus, [102]
Insessores, [466]
Integument, [2] n.
Intestines, [12]
Intrathoracic convolutions of trachea–see Trachea
Iole, [506]
Ipocrantor, [463];
I. magellanicus, [464]
I. crinigera, [504]
Iridescence in feathers, cause of, [3]
Iridornis, [575]
Iron-smith, [449]
Irregular migration, [17] f.
Irrisor, [397];
I. bollii, [397];
I. erythrorhynchus, [397];
I. jacksoni, [397];
I. viridis, [397]
habits, [397]
Irruptions of Sand-Grouse, [322], [324], [325]
Island Hen, [244]
Ispidina, [386];
I. madagascariensis, [386]
Ithagenes, [198], [200], [217];
buries itself in snow, [218];
I. cruentus, [217];
I. geoffroyi, [218];
I. sinensis, [218]
I. obsoletus, [462]
Iynx aequatorialis, [465];
I. pectoralis, [465];
I. pulchricollis, [465];
Jabiru, [98]
Jacamar, [445] f.;
habits, [446]
J. tridactyla, [446]
Jacamerops, [445];
habits, [299] f.;
Indian, [299]
Jacobin, [436]
Green, [554];
Siberian, [554]
Jean-le-blanc, [153]
Jenner, on Cuckoo, [354];
on bones of Solitaire, [331]
Jerdon, on Indian Darter, [81];
on Inocotis, [100] n.;
on Pelican, [85] n.
Johnny Rook, [152]
Jugal, [11]
Jugulum, [20]
Junco, [585]
Jungle-fowl, Red, [208] f.;
Grey, [209]
Jurassic System, Birds from, [2]
habits, [265];
operculum of nostrils, [11]
breast-bone, [7]
Kallege, [213]
Kelp-Hen, [247];
-Pigeon, [293]
Kerr, J. G., on Erismatura, [118] n.
Kestrel, [147], [148], [175]-[177];
Lesser, [175]
K. ceylonensis, [414];
K. flavipes, [414];
K. javanensis, [414]
Kill-deer, [274]
King-bird, [474]
habits, [383];
Belted, [387];
Racquet-tailed, [385];
Stork-billed, [387];
Kirk, on Honey-guide, [452]
Kite, [146], [148], [155], [164], [165];
habits, [168] f.;
Awl-billed, [171];
Black, [170];
Black-winged, [171];
Brahminy, [168];
Everglade, [171];
Mississippi, [171];
Pariah, [170];
Swallow-tailed, [170];
Whistling, [168]
Kittiwake, [305];
see Gull, Kittiwake
breast-bone, [7];
feathers, [41];
structure, etc., [38] f.
Knob on bill, [12];
of Anatidae, [111];
of Pigeons, [325]
Knot, [281]
Koël (= Coël), [356]
Lacrymal, [11]
Lagopus, [199], [200], [202], [204];
fossil, [241];
L. albus, [238] f.;
L. hemileucurus, [240];
L. hyperboreus, [240];
L. leucurus, [240];
L. mutus, [240];
L. rupestris, [240];
Lamellae, of bill, [12];
on bill of Anastomus, [95];
on bill of Anatidae, [111] f.;
on bill of Flamingoes, [105];
on bill of Petrels, [60]
Lamenting Bird, [257]
Lämmergeier, [146], [147], [150], [150], [151];
habits, [151]
L. violicauda, [433]
Lampribis olivacea, [101]
Lamprocolius, [560]
Lamprolia, [513]
Lampropsar, [580]
Lamprospiza, [575]
Lamprotes, [575]
Lamprothorax, [548]
L. caudatus, [559]
Lanceolate, [21]
Land-Rail–see Rail, Land-
L. rubiginosus, [533]
Laniidae, [506], [525], [527], [531] f., [567] n.
Laniinae, [534]; habits, [535]
Lanio, [575]
fossil, [496];
L. borealis, [534];
L. collurio, [534];
L. ludovicianus, [534];
L. minor, [534];
L. pomeranus, [534]
Lanivireo, [536]
Lanner, [179]
Laopteryx, fossil, [25] n.
Lapwing, Cayenne, [302];
Spur-winged, [276];
Wattled, [274] f.
Lari, [268]
Laridae, [59], [268], [300] f.;
young, [304]
habits, [302] f.
Lark, [496] f.;
habits, [498];
moult, [5];
Crested, [497];
Meadow-, [580];
Shore-, [496];
Short-toed, [497];
Sky-, [496], [497], [497], [498];
White-winged, [497]; Wood-, [496]
Laro-Limicoline, [268]
fossil, [315];
L. affinis, [307];
L. argentatus, [306];
L. atricilla, [309];
L. audouini, [307];
L. belcheri, [308];
L. brachyrhynchus, [307];
L. brunneicephalus, [308];
L. bulleri, [308];
L. cachinnans, [307];
L. californicus, [307];
L. cirrocephalus, [308];
L. crassirostris, [308];
L. delawarensis, [307];
L. dominicanus, [307];
L. fuliginosus, [308];
L. fuscus, [307];
L. gelastes, [308];
L. glaucescens, [306];
L. glaucodes, [308];
L. hartlaubi, [308];
L. heermani, [308];
L. hemprichi, [308];
L. kumlieni, [306];
L. leucophthalmus, [308];
L. leucopterus, [306];
L. maculipennis, [302], [308];
L. marinus, [307];
L. melanocephalus, [309];
L. modestus, [308];
L. nelsoni, [306];
L. novae hollandiae, [308];
L. occidentalis, [307];
L. philadelphia, [309];
L. ridibundus, [308];
L. saundersi, [309];
L. schistisagus, [307];
L. serranus, [309];
L. vegae, [307]
Larvivora, [516]
Larynx, [13]
Lathria streptophora, [480]
Laticilla, [514]
Laughing Jackass, [384], [386]
Laurillardia, fossil, [496]
Lawrencia, [474]
Layard, on Honey-guide, [452] n.;
on Mycteria, [96] n.;
on Phaëthon, [73] n.;
on Rhinochetus, [265] n.
Leather-head, [568]
Legs, [9]
Leguat, on Solitaire, [330]
Leistes, [580]
Leiotrichidae, [495]
Lek, of Capercaillie, [237]
Lepidogrammus, [352]
Leptasthenura, [486]
Lepterodius gularis, [91]
Leptodon, [146];
L. cayennensis, [173]
Leptopoecile, [514]
Leptopterus, [532]
Leptoptila, [326], [335], [336];
L. jamaicensis, [336];
L. rufinucha, [336]
fossil, [99];
L. crumenifer, [98];
L. dubius, [97];
L. javanicus, [98]
Leptornis, [565]
Leptosoma, toes, [10];
habits, [379]
Lerwa, [199];
L. nivicola, [230]
L. victoriae, [434]
Lestrange, on Dodo, [330]
Leucopeza, [573]
Leucophaeus, [301];
L. scoresbii, [306]
Leucopternis, [167];
L. ghiesbreghti, [167];
L. plumbea, [167];
L. princeps, [167];
L. schistacea, [167]
Leucosarcia, [328];
L. picata, [335]
Leucosticte, [586]
L'Herminier, classification, [14]
Licmetis, [364];
L. nasica, [364]
Ligurinus chloris, [584]
Lilford, on Francolin, [226] n.
Limicola platyrhyncha, [282]
Limicolae, [260], [268] f., [322];
bill, [11];
habits, [271] f.
Limicoline Birds, [243]
Limnaëtus, [160];
L. alboniger, [160];
L. caligatus, [160];
L. cirratus, [160];
L. gurneyi, [160];
L. isidori, [160];
L. kieneri, [160];
L. nipalensis, [160];
L. philippensis, [160]
Limnatornis, fossil, [397]
Limnocorax, [246];
L. niger, [249]
Limnocryptes gallinula, [292]
Limonidromus, [500]
Limosa, [286] f.;
fossil, [300];
L. belgica, [286] f.;
L. fedoa, [287];
L. hudsonica, [287];
L. lapponica, [287];
L. melanuroïdes, [286];
L. uropygialis, [287]
habits, [257]
Lines of Flight, vi, [18]
Brown, [585];
Grey, [585];
Red, [585]
Linota cannabina, [584]
Lioptila, [504]
Lioptilus, [506]
Liosceles, [490]
L. lutea, [503]
Liotriches, [502]
Lipauginae, [479] f.
L. ocellata, [193]
Lithophaps ulnaris, fossil, [350]
Lithornis vulturinus, fossil, [181]
Little Cock, [491]
Lloyd, on Capercaillie, [237] n.
Lobed bill, [12]
L. bulweri, [214]
Lobipes hyperboreus, [278] f.
Lobipluvia, [275]
Lobivanellus, [268]-[270], [274] f.;
L. albiceps, [275];
L. cinereus, [274];
L. cucullatus, [275];
L. indicus, [274];
L. lateralis, [275];
L. lobatus, [275];
L. malabaricus, [275];
L. melanocephalus, [274] f.;
L. miles, [275];
L. pectoralis, [274];
L. senegalensis, [275];
L. superciliosus, [275];
L. tectus, [275]
Loboparadisea sericea, [549]
Lobornis, [570]
Lobotus, [526]
Lochmias, [484];
L. nematura, [485]
L. luscinioïdes, [518]
Loddigesia, [426], [427], [430];
L. mirabilis, [437];
its flight, [437]
Log-cock, [463]
L. occipitalis, [160]
Lophoceros, [390];
L. nasutus, [393]
Lophodytes cucullatus, [115] f.
Lophogyps, [143];
L. occipitalis, [144]
L. isura, [170]
Lopholaemus, [326];
L. antarcticus, [345]
L. ferruginea, [337];
L. leucogaster, [337];
L. plumifera, [337]
Lophophorus, [198]-[200], [203], [215];
L. impeyanus, [216];
L. l'huysi, [216];
L. refulgens, [216];
Lophopsittacus mauritianus, fossil, [375]
Lophorhina, [550];
L. superba, [548]
Lophornis, [439];
L. ornatus, [439]
Lophortyx, [200];
Lophospingus, [584]
Lophotibis cristata, [101]
Lophotis, [262]
Lophotriccus, [474]
Lophotriorchis, [160];
L. kieneri, [160]
Lophura, [199], [200], [214] f.;
L. diardi, [215];
L. ignita, [215];
L. nobilis, [215];
L. praelata, [215];
L. vieilloti, [215]
Loria loriae, [549]
Loriculus, [362], [364], [365];
L. vernalis, [368]
Lorikeet, [364]
L. lory, [374]
Loro, [370]
of South Africa, [361];
King-, [364];
Red, [374];
Swainson's, [373]
Love-bird, [364], [368], [370]
Loxia, [583];
fossil, [496];
L. curvirostra, [584]
Loxioïdes, [562]
L. aurea, [564]
Luggur, [179]
Lullula, [498];
L. arborea, [496]
Lunda cirrhata, [317]
Lycocorax, [543]-[545], [550];
L. pyrrhopterus, [548]
Lydekker, on Actiornis anglicus, [86];
on Colymboïdes, [50];
on Diomedea anglica, [69];
on Gyps melitensis, [145] n.;
on Odontornithes, [45] f.;
on Pseudapteryx, [40];
on "Stereornithes," [44]
Lyncornis, [416]
habits, [493]
Lyrie, [68]
L. mlokosiewiczi, [238];
hybrids, [238]
Blue-and-yellow, [371];
Green-and-blue, [371];
Hyacinthine, [371];
Red-and-blue, [371];
Red-and-green, [371]
Maccaroni Penguins, [57] f.
Macgregoria pulchra, [546]
Machaeropterus, [478];
M. regulus, [478]
Machaerorhamphus alcinus, [172];
M. anderssoni, [172];
M. revoili, [172]
Machaerorhynchus, [506]
Machetes, [270];
polygamous, [271];
M. pugnax, [285]
Machetornis, [474], [475], [477]
Macrochires, of Nitzsch, [420]
Macrodipteryx, [418];
M. macrodipterus, [418];
M. vexillarius, [418]
Macronus, [502]
M. ameliae, [500];
M. crocea, [500]
Macropsalis, [418]
M. comata, [422];
M. coronata, [422];
M. longipennis, [422];
M. mystacea, [422];
M. wallacii, [422]
M. doreya, [343];
M. leptogrammica, [343];
M. phasianella, [343];
M. rufa, [343];
M. rufo-castanea, [343];
M. tenuirostris, [343];
M. tusalia, [343]
Macrorhamphus griseus, [289];
M. scolopaceus, [289];
M. taczanowskii, [289]
Madagascar, a region or sub-region, [17]
Magellan, brings Bird of Paradise, [543]
Magpie, [355], [552]-[556], [554]
Magpie-lark, [535]
Majaqueus aequinoctialis, [67];
M. parkinsoni, [67]
Malaconotinae, [531] f.;
habits, [533] f.
Malacoptila, [447]
Malacorhynchus, [111];
M. membranaceus, [124]
Male, incubates, in Limicolae, [271], [278], [287];
in Ratitae, [29], [32], [36], [38], [41]–see also Female
Maleo, [192]
Mallard–see Duck
Mallee hen, [193]
Malpighian layer, [2] n.
Man-of-war bird, [81]
habits, [479]
Manchots, [55]
Mango, South American, [433]
Mango-bird, [542]
Manorhina, [564];
M. melanophrys, [567] n.
Mantle, [21]
Manuals, [21] f.
Manucodia, [543]-[545], [550], [551];
M. atra, [548];
M. chalybeata, [548];
M. comrii, [548]
Manukdewata, [543]
Manus, its quills, [22];
in Archaeopteryx, [25]
Marabou feathers, [96]
Mareca americana, [126];
M. penelope, [126];
M. sibilatrix, [127]
Margaroperdix madagascariensis, [223]
Margarornis, [484]
Marmaronetta, [111];
M. angustirostris, [123]
Marsh, restoration of Hesperornis, [46];
head of Ichthyornis, [48];
on Laopteryx, [25] n.;
on Odontornithes, [45], [49] n.
Martineta, [185]
Mascarene Islands, [17]
Matthews, discovery of Loddigesia, [437]
Mavis, [515]
Maxillopalatine process, [11]
May-bird, [289]
Maynard, on flamingo, [107]
Megacephalon, [190] f., [194];
M. maleo, [192]
M. inepta, [248]
Megalaema, [450]
Megalapteryx, [42]
Megalestris antarctica, [305];
M. catarrhactes, [304];
M. chilensis, [305];
M. maccormicki, [305]
Megaloprepia, [326], [327], [346];
M. formosa, [346];
M. magnifica, [346]
Megapodiidae, [186], [190] f., [194];
habits, [191]
M. bernsteini, [194];
M. cumingi, [194];
M. duperreyi, [194];
M. eremita, [194];
M. forsteni, [194];
M. freycineti, [194];
M. geelvinkianus, [194];
M. laperousii, [194];
M. layardi, [194];
M. macgillivrayi, [194];
M. nicobariensis, [194];
M. pritchardi, [194];
M. sanghirensis, [194];
M. tenimberensis, [194];
M. tumulus, [194];
M. wallacii, [194]
Megarhynchus, [473];
M. pitangua, [474]
Megatriorchis doriae, [159]
Megistanes, [26], [32] f., [38]
Melanerpes, [461];
M. candidus, [461];
M. flavifrons, [461];
Melanism, [4] n.
Melanobucco, [449]
Melanocharis unicolor, [570]
Melanocorypha, [497];
M. calandra, [498];
M. sibirica, [497];
M. yeltoniensis, [497]
M. nigra, [221]
Melanophoyx ardesiaca, [91]
Melanoptila, [514], [515], [519]
Melanopyrrhus, [561];
M. orientalis, [560]
Melanorhectes, [532]
Melanotis, [519]
Meleagrinae, [198], [204], [206];
habits, [206]
Meleagris, [199], [201], [202];
fossil, [241];
M. gallipavo, [206], [206] n.;
Melidora, [383]
M. canorus, [156]
M. phrygia, [566]
Meliphagidae, [543] n., [564] f.;
habits, [566] f.
Meliphaginae, [564] f.
Melirrhophetes, [566]
Melitograis, [565]
M. gularis, [390]
Mellisuga minima, [431], [432], [438]
Melopelia leucoptera, [342];
M. meloda, [342]
Melophus, [583]
M. undulatus, [367]
Melopyrrha, [583]
Melospiza, [586]
Melville–see Strickland
Membrane on bill, in Malacorhynchus, [111];
in Hymenolaemus, [111], [116];
of toes, [10]
Menura, [491] f.;
M. superba, [491] f., [492], [493];
Menuridae, [491] f.;
habits, [493]
Mercerat–see Moreno
M. armata, [116];
M. columbiana, [116];
M. frenata, [116];
M. garleppi, [116];
M. leucogenys, [116];
M. turneri, [116]
Merganettinae, [111], [112], [116];
Merganser, [114];
habits, [116]
Mergulus, [315];
M. alle, [321]
Mergus, [111];
M. albellus, [115];
M. americanus, [115];
M. australis, [115];
M. brasilianus, [115];
M. comatus, [115];
M. serrator, [113], [115], [116]
M. forsteri, [389]
M. apiaster, [388], [389], [389];
M. natalensis, [389];
M. ornatus, [387];
M. superciliosus, [388];
M. viridis, [389]
Merrem, on classification, [14]
Merry-thought, [8]
Merulaxis, [490]
Mesembriornis, [44]
Mesitae, [186] f.
Mesites, [186] f.;
M. unicolor, [187];
M. variegatus, [187]
Mesitidae, [186] f.
Mesobucco, [450]
Mesomyodi, [467]
Mesopicus goertan, [462]
Mesopteryx, [42]
Metabolus, [507]
Metacarpals, [8]
Metallura, [434]
Metapteryx bifrons, [40]
Metatarsal bones, [10];
in penguins, [55]
Metopia, [478]
Metopiana peposaca, [113], [123]
M. africanus, [298];
M. albinucha, [298];
Metriopelia aymara, [339];
M. melanoptera, [339]
Mexican star, [438]
Mexico, to which region does it belong? [16]
Meyer, A. B., on Cacomantis, [355];
on Celebes cuckoos, [356] n., [357] n.;
on hybrid grouse, [237] n.;
on Notornis, [250] n.
Meyer, H. v., on Archaeopteryx, [23]
Micranous hawaiiensis, [311];
M. leucocapillus, [311];
M. tenuirostris, [311]
Micrastur, [156]
Micrathene, [400];
Microchera, [433]
Microcorax, [552];
M. leucognaphalus, [553]
Microeca, [509]
Microglossus, [364];
M. aterrimus, [373]
Microhierax, [147];
M. erythrogenys, [174];
M. eutolmus, [174];
M. fringillarius, [173] f.;
M. latifrons, [174];
M. melanoleucus, [174];
M. sinensis, [174]
Micromonacha lanceolata, [447]
Micropalama himantopus, [286]
Microparra capensis, [298], [300]
M. blewitti, [223];
M. erythrorhyncha, [223];
M. manipurensis, [223]
Micropus, [504];
M. melanoleucus, [505]
Microsittace ferruginea, [365]
Migration, [17];
causes, directions, mode, [18] f.;
in southern hemisphere [19];
Committee's reports, [19] n.
Millais, on hybrid grouse, [237] n.
Milne-Edwards, on Aegialornis, [315] n., [426];
on Mesites, [186] n.;
on Palaelodidae, [108] n.;
on Strigidae, [398] n.;
and Grandidier, on Aepyornis, [43] n.;
and Oustalet, on Dromaeus ater, [38] n.
Milnea, fossil, [300]
M. chimachima, [152];
M. chimango, [152]
fossil, [181];
M. aegyptius, [170];
M. affinis, [170];
M. govinda, [170];
M. melanotis, [170];
M. migrans, [170]
Mimeta, mimicry, [543] n., [568]
Mimicry–see Buchanga, Mimeta, Philemon, Surniculus, Tylas, Xenopirostris
Mimidae, [495]
habits, [518]
M. modulator, [519];
M. polyglottus, [518] f.;
M. trifasciatus, [515];
M. triurus, [519]
Mino, [561]
M. apiata, [498];
M. hova, [496];
M. javanica, [496]
Mitrephanes, [474]
Mitua, [195];
M. mitu, [196];
M. salvini, [197];
M. tomentosa, [197]
M. varia, [574]
Mniotiltidae, [494], [573] f.;
habits, [574]
Moa, [26], [41]; breast-bone, [7];
structure, etc., [42]
Möbius, on geographical distribution, [16]
habits, [518] f.
M. badius, [582];
M. rufo-axillaris, [582]
Molybdophanes caerulescens, [101]
Momotinae, [379] f.;
habits, [380]
Momotus brasiliensis, [381], [381]
Monacha, [447] f.
Monal, [215]
Monk, [568]
Monticola, [510];
M. cyanus, [510];
M. saxatilis, [510]
Montifringilla, [586];
M. nivalis, [586]
Moor-Buzzard, [155]
Moor-hen (= Water-Hen), [244]-[246], [249]
Mooruk, [36]
Moreno and Mercerat, on fossil Cathartidae, [140] n.;
on fossil Penguins, [59];
on "Stereornithes," [44]
Morphnus, [147];
M. guianensis, [159];
M. taeniatus, [159]
Moseley, on Penguins, [57] n.
Mosenthal and Harting, on ostrich farming, [30]
Motacilla, fossil, [496];
M. alba, [500];
M. flava, [500];
M. lugubris, [500];
M. melanope, [500];
M. vidua, [500]
Motacillinae, [498] f.;
habits, [500] f.
Mother Carey's Chicken, [67]
Motmot, [376], [379] f., [381];
habits, [380]
Moult, [4] f.
Mounds of Megapodes, [191] f.
Mountain-Cock, [244];
-Witch, [336]
Mouse-bird, [439]
Muirfowl, [238]
Mules, [203]
Müller, Johannes, on classification, [14];
on classification by song-muscles, [466]
Mullerornis, [43]
Mulsant, on humming-birds, [432]
Munia, [579];
M. oryzivora, [577];
M. punctulata, [577]
Murdoch, on Tringa maculata, [281] n.
Murie, on classification, [14];
on emeus, [37] n.;
on hornbill, [392] n.;
on Rhinochetus, [263] n.
Murmures, [426]
Murre, [319]
Muscicapa atricapilla, [507], [509];
M. grisola, [507];
M. parva, [507]
Muscicapidae, [494], [506] f., [525], [531];
habits, [508]
Muscipipra, [473]
M. macloviana, [475]
M. mexicana, [477];
M. regia, [474]
Musophaga, [359];
Musophagidae, [351], [359]. f., [439];
habits, [360] f.;
toes, [10];
the pigments turacoverdin and turacin in, [3] n., [360]
Mussel-picker, [276]
Mutton-bird, [63]
M. americana, [98];
M. australis, [98];
Myiagra, [506]
Myiarchus, [474], [475], [477];
M. crinitus, [476]
Myiobius, [474]
Myiodectinae, [509], [513], [515]
Myiomoira, [514], [515], [518]
Myiopsittacus monachus, [365], [370]
M. luctuosa, [345];
M. melanura, [345];
M. spilorrhoa, [345];
M. subflavescens, [345]
Myrmeciza, [488]
Myrmotherula pygmaea, [489]
Myrtle-sucker, [426]
Mystacornis, [503]
Myzomela sanguinolenta, [565]
Myzomelinae, [564] f.
N. inca, [311]
Nail, on beak of Anseres, [11]
Nanodes, [363]
Nape, [20]
Nasal, [11]
Nasica, [484]
Native-Companion, [254];
-Hen, [249]
Nauclerus, [146];
N. riocouri, [171]
Nauseous bird, [329]
Nearctic Region, [15] f.;
its contents, [16]
Neck of rib, [6]
Necrastur alacer, fossil, [181]
Necrobyas harpax, fossil, [414];
N. rossignoli, fossil, [414]
Necropsittacus rodericanus, fossil, [375]
Necrornis, fossil, [361]
Nectarinia, [569]
Nectariniidae, [427], [568] f.;
habits, [569] f.
Nelly, [65]
Nelson, on Tringa maculata, [281] n.
Nemura, [516]
Neochloe, [536]
Neochmia phaëton, [578]
Neoctantes, [488]
Neodrepanis, [569]
Neogaea, [15]
N. petrophila, [367];
N. pulchella, [367]
Neophron, [143], [145], [151];
N. ginginianus, [145];
N. percnopterus, [145];
N. pileatus, [145]
Neopsittacus, [373]
Neopus, [160];
N. malayensis, [161]
Neornis, [514]
Neornithes, [25] f.;
a Sub-Class, [23];
N. Ratitae, [25]
N. denhami, [261]
Neotropical Region, [15] f.;
its contents, [16]
Nerves of bill, in Snipe, [290] n.
Nesochen sandvicensis, [131]
Nesoenas mayeri, [343]
Nesolimnas, [244];
N. dieffenbachi, [247]
N. aucklandica, [125]
Nesopelia, [342]
Nesospiza, [583]
Nestlings, condition of, [21] f.
Nestor, Mountain, [375]
N. esslingi, [374];
N. meridionalis, [374];
N. norfolcensis, [366], [374];
N. notabilis, [364] f., [374], [375];
habits, [374]
Netta rufina, [123]
Nettion albigulare, [126];
N. andium, [126];
N. bernieri, [126];
N. brasiliense, [126];
N. capense, [126];
N. carolinense, [126];
N. castaneum, [126];
N. crecca, [125] f.;
N. flavirostre, [126];
N. formosum, [126];
N. georgicum, [126];
N. gibberifrons, [126];
N. punctatum, [126];
N. torquatum, [126]
Nettopus, [112];
N. albipennis, [134];
N. auritus, [134];
N. coromandelianus, [134];
N. pulchellus, [133] f.
Newton, A., on Anatidae, [136];
on Bird of Paradise, [543] n.;
on classification of Passeres, [467];
on Dodo, [329] n.;
on Eurypyga, [266];
on Fregata, [72];
on geographical distribution, [16] f.;
on Great Auk and its literature, [321] n.;
on habits of Shoveller, [124] n.;
on Hierofalco, [180] n.;
on Humming-birds, [426] n.;
on mimicry, [543] n.;
on mode of progression of young Grebes, [54] n.;
on Oscines, [495];
on Secretary-bird, [142] n.;
on Solitaire, [331] n.;
on Strigidae, [398] n.;
on Syrrhaptes (chick), [325];
on trachea of Swans, [112] n.;
on Turkey, [206] n.;
on Widow-bird, [577] n.
Newton, E., on Phaëthon, [73] n.;
on Solitaire, [331]
Newton, A. and E., on Eulampis holosericeus, [428]
Newton, E., and Gadow, H., on Dodo, [329] n., [330]
Newtonia, [506]
New Zealand Region, [15] f.;
its contents, [16]
Nidicolae, [21]
Nidifugae, [22]
Night-heron–see Heron, Night-
Nightingale, [512], [515], [516];
Ceylon-, [506];
Palestine-, [506]
Night-jar, [415] f.;
habits, [416] f.;
toes, [10];
Pennant-winged, [418]
N. affinis, [409];
N. albaria, [409];
N. boobook, [408];
N. maculata, [409];
N. natalis, [409];
N. novae zealandiae, [409];
N. obscura, [409];
N. scutulata, [408];
N. strenua, [408]
Nipponia, young, [103];
N. nippon, [102]
Nisaëtus, [160];
N. bellicosus, [161];
N. fasciatus, [161];
N. morphnoïdes, [161];
N. pennatus, [161];
N. spilogaster, [161]
Nisoïdes moreli, [157]
Nitzsch, on classification, [14];
on Alectorides and Fulicariae, [243];
on powder-down patches in Falconidae, [147];
on Macrochires, [420];
on Odontoglossae, [105];
on Picariae, [376];
Pterylographie, [2]
Noble, on Falconry, [146], [178]
Noddy, [310]–see Tern, Noddy
Nomenclature of external parts, in Falcon, [20]
Nomonyx dominicus, [118]
Nonnula, [447];
N. rubecula, [447]
North, on Emeu's nest, [37] n.;
on Gypoictinia, [170] n.
Nostril, [20];
external, [11];
in Petrels, [60];
in Rhinochetus, [264]
Notched bill, [12]
Nothocrax, [195];
N. urumutum, [196]
N. pentlandi, [185]
N. darwini, [185];
N. maculosa, [185]
Noto-coracomorphae, [531] n.
Notogaea, [15]
Notophoyx picata, [91]
Notornis, [243], [244], [251];
little keel to sternum, [26];
N. mantelli, [250]
Nucha, [20]
Nucifraga, [552];
N. caryocatactes, [553]
Numenius, [268], [270], [287] f.;
bill, [12];
fossil, [300];
N. cyanopus, [288];
N. hudsonicus, [289];
N. longirostris, [288];
N. minutus, [289];
N. phaeopus, [288] f.;
N. tenuirostris, [288];
N. variegatus, [289]
N. cornuta, [205];
N. coronata, [205];
N. marungensis, [205];
N. melaegris, [205];
N. mitrata, [205];
N. ptilorhyncha, [205], [206];
N. reichenowi, [205]
Numidinae, [198]-[201], [204];
habits, [205] f.
Nunlet, [447]
Nutcracker, [553], [555], [556]
habits, [538]
Nutmeg-bird, [577]
N. acadica, [405];
N. tengmalmi, [405]
fossil, [415];
Nycterodius violaceus, [90]
Nyctibiinae, [415], [416], [418]
Nyctibius, [415], [417], [418]
Nycticorax, [87], [88], [90], [265];
young, [94];
N. caledonicus, [90];
N. goisagi, [90];
N. griseus, [90];
N. leuconotus, [90];
N. megacephalus, fossil, [95];
N. naevius, [90];
N. pauper, [90];
N. pileatus, [90];
N. sibilatrix, [90];
N. violaceus, [90]
N. amictus, [389]
N. uvaeensis, [363]
Nyroca, habits, [123];
fossil, [136];
N. americana, [122];
N. baeri, [122];
N. brunnea, [123];
N. ferina, [122];
N. innotata, [122];
N. nationi, [123];
N. vallisneria, [122]
Oar-feathers, [21]
Oates, on Sturinidae, [559]
Occiput, [20]
O. oceanicus, [65]
Oceanodroma, [61], [62], [67] f.;
O. cryptoleucura, [68];
O. furcata, [68];
O. hornbyi, [68];
O. leucorrhoa, [68]
Ochromela, [509]
Ocreate metatarsus, [60]
Ocreated, [10]
O. australis, [247];
O. earli, [247];
O. fuscus, [247];
O. greyi, [247];
O. hectori, [247];
O. insignis, fossil, [251];
O. sylvestris, [247]
Ocyphaps, [326];
O. lophotes, [337]
Odontoglossae, [105]
Odontolcae, [45] f.;
a subdivision of Neornithes, [23] f.
Odontophorinae, [198], [199], [202], [204], [230] f.
Odontophorus, [199], [203], [232];
O. guianensis, [232]
Odontopteryx toliapica, fossil, [86]
Odontotormae, [45]
Oedemia, [111];
habits, [120];
O. americana, [119];
O. carbo, [120];
O. deglandi, [120];
O. nigra, [119];
O. perspicillata, [113], [120]
Oedicnemidae, [268], [269], [297]
O. affinis, [297];
O. bistriatus, [297];
O. capensis, [297];
O. dominicensis, [297] n.;
O. grallarius, [297];
O. scolopax, [297];
O. senegalensis, [297];
O. superciliaris, [297];
O. vermiculatus, [297]
O. capensis, [339]
Oesophagus, [12]
Oestrelata, [66];
O. brevipes, [66];
O. haesitata, [66]
Oil-bird, [419]
Oil-glands, [21]
Oiseau-mouche, [426]
Old Squaw, [121]
Oligomyodae, [466]
Oligura, [502]
Oncostoma, [473]
One-wattled Cassowary, [35]
Onychognathus, [559]
Onychotes gruberi, [165]
Open-bill, [97]
Operculum of nostrils, [11];
in Caprimulgidae, [415];
in Columbae, [325];
in Plovers, [270];
in Procellariidae, [60];
in Rhinochetus, [264]
Opisthocoelous, [6]
affinity to Cuculi, [241];
Opisthodactylus, [45]
Opisthoprora euryptera, [437]
Ophrysia superciliosa, [218]
Orange colour in Birds, its nature, [3] n.
Orbit, [20]
Orchesticus, [575]
ὄρχιλος, [426]
Orchilus ecaudatus, [473]
Oreicola, [511]
Oreocorys, [498]
O. cristata, [567] n.
Oreonympha nobilis, [436]
Oreophasinae, [194], [195], [198]
Oreophasis, [195];
O. derbianus, [198]
Oreophilus ruficollis, [273]
Oreopsittacus, [363]
Oreortyx pictus, [230] f.
Oreoscoptes, [514], [515], [519]
Oreotrochilus, [431] f., [436];
O. chimborazo, [428];
O. pichincha, [428], [430], [436]
Oriental Region, [17]
Oriole, [542] f.;
habits, [543];
Oriolidae, [542] f.;
habits, [543]
Oriolus ardens, [542];
O. cruentus, [542];
O. hosii, [542];
O. kundoo, [542];
O. steerii, [542];
O. trailli, [542];
Ornithion imberbe, [474], [476]
O. canicollis, [197];
O. ruficauda, [197];
Orthnocnemus, fossil, [251]
Ortygornis, [226]
O. virginianus, [231], [232] f.
Ortyxelus, [293];
families of, [495] f.;
structure, [496];
Osculatia purpurea, [336];
O. sapphirina, [336]
Osmotreron, [348];
O. aromatica, [349];
O. olax, [349];
O. pompadora, [349];
O. vernans, [348] f.
Osprey, [137], [149], [180] f.;
habits, [181]
fossil, [69];
O. gigantea, [65]
Osteornis, fossil, [496]
Ostinops, [580]
breast-bone, [7];
claws of toes, [10];
farming, [30];
feathers, [30]
habits, [262] f.
O. cervicalis, [335];
O. insularis, [335];
O. nobilis, [335]
fossil, [263];
O. alpestris, [496] f.;
O. peregrina, [496]
Otogyps, [143];
O. auricularis, [144];
O. calvus, [144]
Otophanes, [416]
Ourissia, [426]
Ousel, Ring-, [510];
Water-, [519]
Oustalet–see Milne-Edwards
Oven-bird, [485];
nest, [485]
Oviedo, on a Humming-bird, [426]
Owen, on Archaeopteryx, [23];
on Dinornithidae, [41];
on Dodo, [330]
Owl, [175], [179], [180], [397] f.;
clavicles do not always unite, [8], [398];
habits, [400] f.;
toes, [10];
American Screech-, [413];
Barn-, [403];
Brown, [405];
Burrowing, [400], [409] f., [410];
Grass-, [404];
Hairy, [408];
Lapp-, [405];
Laughing, [408];
Marsh-, [406] f.;
of Pallas Athene, [411];
Pigmy-, [407];
Saw-whet, [405];
Short-eared, [400], [402], [403], [406];
Tengmalm's, [405];
White, [403];
Wood-, [401], [402], [405], [406];
Woodcock-, [407]
Oxbird, [279]
Ox-pecker, [561]
Oxylabes, [503]
Oxynotus, [526]
Oxypelia, [326];
O. cyanopis, [340]
Oxypogon guerini, [436] f.
Oxyrhamphus, [477]
Oxyurus, [484]
bill, [11]
Paauw, [263] n.
P. simplex, [533]
Pachycephalinae, [531] f.
Pachyornis, [42];
P. elephantopus, [42]
Pachyrhamphus, [480], [482], [483]
Paeoptera, [532]
Pagodroma nivea, [67]
Pagophila, [301];
P. eburnea, [306]
Palaearctic region, [15] f.
Palaeeudyptes antarcticus, fossil, [59]
Palaegithalus, fossil, [496]
Palaelodidae, [70], [105], [108]
Palaeocercus cuvieri, fossil, [181]
Palaeociconia, fossil, [99]
Palaeocorax, fossil, [496]
Palaeocycnus, fossil, [136]
Palaeogaea, [15]
Palaeogrus, fossil, [256]
Palaeohierax gervaisi, fossil, [181]
Palaeolimnas, fossil, [251]
Palaeopelargus, fossil, [99]
Palaeoperdix, fossil, [240]
Palaeornis, [362]-[365], [368];
P. eupatria, [368];
P. exsul, [366];
P. torquata, [368]
Palaeortyx, fossil, [240]
Palaeospheniscus bergii, fossil, [59];
P. menzbieri, fossil, [59];
P. patagonicus, fossil, [59]
Palaeospiza, fossil, [496]
Palaeotetrix, fossil, [241]
Palaeotringa, fossil, [300]
Palamedea, [109];
P. cornuta, [110]
Palamedeae, [108] f.
Palamedeidae, [108] f.;
habits, [109] f.;
rib, [6];
young, [109]
Palatine, [11]
P. dolii, [563]
Pamprodactylous, [10]
Pandion, [146];
habits, [181];
P. carolinensis, [181];
P. haliaëtus, [180] f.;
P. leucocephalus, [181];
P. solitarius, [165]
young, [180]
Panoplites, [437] f.
Panterpe insignis, [435]
Panuridae, [541] f.
Panurus biarmicus, [541] f., [541]
Panychlora, [433]
Panyptila, [420], [421], [424];
toes, [10];
P. cayennensis, [424];
P. sancti hieronymi, [424]
Papilla of feather, [2]
Parabuteo unicinctus, [166]
P. carunculata, [546]
P. apoda, [543], [546], [551];
P. augustae victoriae, [551];
P. minor, [546];
P. rubra, [546];
P. rudolphi, [546]
Paradise-bird–see Bird of Paradise
Paradise-Pie, [546]
Paradiseidae, [543] f., [557] n.;
habits, [550] f.
Paradisornis, [545], [546], [550]
Ground-, [364];
Rock-, [367];
Rose-banded, [368];
Roselle, [368];
Rose-ringed, [368];
Uvaean, [363]
Paramythia montium, [559] n.
Paraptenodytes antarcticus, fossil, [59]
habits, [540]
Parietal, [11]
Parisoma, [508]
Parker, T. J., on Aepyornis, [43] n.;
on Apteryges, [38];
on Megistanes, [38];
on Dinornithidae, [42]
Parker, W. K., on classification, [14];
on Oscines, [495];
on Picidae, [457];
on Rhinochetus, [263] n.
Parotia, [550];
P. lawesi, [551];
Parra, [270];
P. gymnostoma, [298];
dance of, [300];
P. melanopygia, [298];
P. nigra, [298];
P. variabilis, [298]
Parridae, [268]-[71], [297] f.;
habits, [299] f.
Parrot, [351], [361] f., [366];
bill, [12];
cere, [11];
clavicles sometimes absent, [8];
habits, [364] f.;
toes, [10];
voice, [13];
Alexandrine, [368];
Amazon-, [370];
Black, [359];
Ground-, [362];
Kaka, [374];
Monk-, [370];
Norfolk Island, [374];
Owl-, [366];
Phillip Island, [374];
Vasa, [369]
Parson-bird, [567]
Partial migrants, [18]
Partridge, [198]-[200], [202], [203];
habits, [224] f.;
American, [198], [203], [230];
Bamboo-, [218] f.;
Barbary, [228];
Black, [226];
French, [228];
Greek, [228];
Mountain-, [336];
hybrids, [224];
(Ruffed Grouse), [233];
Snow-, [230];
Spruce-, [236]
P. britannicus, [539];
P. caeruleus, [539];
P. cristatus, [539];
P. cyanus, [539];
P. flavipectus, [539];
P. niger, [539];
P. palustris, [539];
P. sultaneus, [539]
Passaros de sol, [543]
Passer, [583];
P. insularis, [583];
P. jagoënsis, [583];
P. simplex, [585]
Passeres, voice-muscles, [13];
anisomyodae, [467];
Passeriformes, [466] f.
P. roseus, [560]
Patagona, [430];
Patella, [22];
of Grebes, [49]
Paul, on Humming-bird's nest, [436]
Pauxis, [195];
P. galeata, [197]
P. muticus, [207];
P. nigripennis, [207]
Pavo del Monte, [197]
Peacock, [199], [200], [203], [204], [206] f.;
Japanned, [207];
Pheasant, [208]
Pea-fowl, [207];
superstition about, [207]
Pea-hen, [207]
Peale, discovery of Didunculus, [331] f.
Pectineal process of pubis, [9]
Pectoral arch, [8]
Pectus, [20]
fossil, [241];
P. phasianellus, [234]
Pedionomidae, [186], [187], [189]
Pedionomus, [187];
Peewit, [275]
Pelagodroma, [60], [63], [65];
P. marina, [65]
Pelagornis, fossil, [86]
Pelargodes, fossil, [99]
Pelargomorphae, [70]
Pelargopsis, [383];
P. gurial, [387]
Pelecanoïdes, [60];
P. exsul, [68];
P. garnoti, [68];
P. urinatrix, [68]
fossil, [86];
habits, [84] f.;
P. conspicillatus, [84];
P. erythrorhynchus, [83];
P. fuscus, [83] f.;
P. minor, [83];
P. mitratus, [83];
P. molinae, [84];
P. onocrotalus, [83];
P. rufescens, [83];
P. sharpii, [83]
habits, [84] f.;
fabled to feed its young with blood, [85] f.;
outgrowth of culmen shed, [5] n., [83];
Crested, [84]
Pellorneum, [504]
Pelvis of Apteryx, [9]
P. albipennis, [197];
P. cristata, [197];
P. jacucaca, [195];
P. montagnii, [197];
P. obscura, [197];
P. pileata, [197]
Penelopides manillae, [395]
Penelopina, [195];
P. nigra, [197]
(Auk), [321];
habits, [55] f.;
meaning of name, [55];
moult, [5]
Penis, in Anseriformes, [108];
in Ratitae, [26]
Pennae, [2]
P. ecaudata, [244], [250], [251]
Penthetria ardens, [577]
Perdicinae, [198], [204], [218]
Perdicula, [223];
P. argoondah, [223];
P. asiatica, [223]
P. barbata, [225];
P. cinerea, [224];
P. daürica, [225];
P. hodgsoniae, [225];
P. montana, [224];
P. sifanica, [225]
Perdiz, [335];
chico, [185];
comun, [185];
grande, [184]
Perdrix d'Angleterre, [323]
Perisoreus infaustus, [554]
Perissoglossa, [573]
Peristera, [326]-[328], [334];
P. cinerea, [339];
P. geoffroyi, [339];
P. mondetoura, [339] f.
Peristerinae, [325] f., [334] f.
Perkins, on Drepanididae, [562] n.
P. apivorus, [172];
P. celebensis, [172];
P. cristatus, [172];
P. ptilorhynchus, [172];
P. tweeddalii, [172]
Pervious nostrils, [11]
Petherick, on Balaeniceps, [94] n.
Petit Duc, [412]
breast-bone, [7] f.;
derivation of name, [68];
habits, [61] f.;
nostrils, [11];
size, [61];
Diving, [62];
Leach's, [68];
Wilson's, [65]
Petrochelidon, [522], [523], [525];
Petronia, [586];
Petrophassa albipennis, [337]
Peucaea, [585]
Peucedramus, [573]
Pezophaps solitarius, [328], [330] f.
P. formosus, [367]
P. amethystina, [348]
Phaenopepla, [529];
P. nitens, [530]
Phaenoptila, [529];
P. melanoxantha, [530]
Phaenorrhina, [326];
P. goliath, [345]
fossil, [86];
P. americanus, [72] n.;
P. flavirostris, [72];
P. rubricauda, [72]
habits, [72] f.
Phaëthornis, [427], [430], [431], [435]
Phaëthornithinae, [435]
Phaëthusa magnirostris, [314]
Phalacrocorax, [70]-[72], [75];
fossil, [86];
habits, [78] f.;
P. africanus, [77];
P. carunculatus, [77];
P. dilophus, [76];
P. featherstoni, [77];
P. graculus, [77];
P. imperialis, [77];
P. lucidus, [77];
P. novae hollandiae, [76];
P. onslowi, [77];
P. pelagicus, [76];
P. perspicillatus, [77];
P. punctatus, [77];
P. pygmaeus, [78];
P. urile, [77];
P. varius, [77]
Phalaenoptilus, [417];
P. nuttalli, [415]
Phalanges, of fingers, [9];
of toes, [10]
Phalarope, [270];
Grey, [278];
Red-necked, [279]
Phalaropodinae, [278] f.
bright colour of hen, [4];
male incubates, [271];
P. fulicarius, [278];
P. hyperboreus, [278] f.;
P. wilsoni, [279]
Phalcobaenus, [152];
P. albigularis, [152];
P. carunculatus, [152];
P. megalopterus, [152]
P. chalcoptera, [338];
P. elegans, [338]
Pharaoh's hen, [145]
Pharomacrus, [441];
P. mocinno, [441], [442], [444], [444];
P. pavoninus, [442]
Phases of colour in owls, [400]
Phasianidae, [186], [198], [219];
habits, [202] f.
Phasianinae, [198], [204], [206]
fossil, [240];
P. chrysomelas, [210];
P. colchicus, [210], [211], [212];
P. decollatus, [210];
P. elegans, [210];
P. ellioti, [211];
P. humiae, [211];
P. mongolicus, [211];
P. persicus, [210];
P. principalis, [210];
P. satscheunensis, [210], [211];
P. shawi, [210];
P. soemmerringi, [211], [212];
P. strauchi, [210];
P. tarimensis, [210];
P. vlangali, [210];
P. zerafshanicus, [210]
Phasidus, [201];
Pheasant, [192], [198], [199], [202], [203], [211], [493];
in Britain, [210];
Argus-, [207];
Blood-, [217];
Copper-, [212];
Crow-, [356];
Eared, [214];
Golden, [209] f.;
Green, [212];
Horned, [216];
Koklas, [212];
Lady Amherst's, [210];
Native, [193];
Peacock-, [208];
Pukras, [212];
Reeves's, [212];
Ring-necked, [210];
(Ruffed Grouse), [233];
Silver-, [213];
Stinking, [242]
Phedina, [523]
Phegornis, [269];
P. mitchelli, [292]
Pheucticus, [585]
Phibalura, [479], [480], [482], [483];
P. flavirostris, [480]
Philacte canagica, [132]
P. corniculatus, [567]
Philepitta, [471];
P. schlegeli, [471] f.
Philetaerus, [579];
P. socius, [577]
Philohela minor, [290]
Philortyx fasciatus, [231]
Phimosus infuscatus, [101]
Phloeocryptes, [486]
P. kubaryi, [336];
P. luzonica, [335];
P. rufigula, [335];
P. stairi, [335];
P. tristigma, [335]
Phlogopsis, [488]
Phlogothraupis, [575]
Phoebe, [476]
Phoebetria, [60];
P. fuliginosa, [63]
P. carnifex, [480]
Phoeniconaias minor, [107]
Phoenicoparrus andinus, [107]
Phoenicophaës, [352];
P. pyrrhocephalus, [357]
Phoenicophainae, [351], [357];
habits, [357]
Phoenicopteri, [70] f., [105] f., [108]
Phoenicopteridae, [70], [105] f., [112];
apparently shed wing-quills simultaneously, [4];
habits, [107]
Phoenicopterus, fossil, [108];
sifting apparatus of bill, [12], [107];
young, [107];
P. chilensis, [106];
P. ruber, [105] f.
Pholidauges, [559];
P. leucogaster, [560] f.
Pholidornis, [570]
Phonygammus, [545], [550], [551];
P. jamesi, [548]
Phororhachos, [44];
fossil, [260];
P. gracilis, [45];
P. inflatus, [45];
P. longissimus, [45];
P. modicus, [45];
P. platygnathus, [45];
P. sehuensis, [45]
P. badius, [404] f.
Phoyx purpurea, [93]
Phrygilus, [586]
Phyllergates, [514]
Phylloscopus, [514], [515], [517], [518]
Phytotoma, [483];
P. angustirostris, [483];
P. raimondii, [483];
P. rara, [483];
P. rutila, [483]
P. cayana, [357]
Pica, [552];
P. mauritanica, [355], [552], [553];
P. nuttalli, [553];
P. rustica, [355], [553], [554]
Picaflor, [426]
Picariae, [376];
of Nitzsch, [466]
Picarii, [466]
toes, [10]
Picicorvus columbianus, [553]
habits, [458] f.
Picoïdes, [462];
P. tridactylus, [462]
Picolaptes, [487]
Piculet, [464]
Picumninae, [464]
P. africanus, [464];
P. micromegas, [464];
P. ochraceus, [464]
Picus, [464];
bill, [12];
fossil, [465];
P. martius, [458], [463], [464];
P. obsoletus, [462]
Pie, [175];
Sea-, [276]
Pierrot, [362]
P. chrysomelas, [507]
Pigafetta, on Bird of Paradise, [543]
Pigeon, [325] f.;
breeds of, [327] n.;
origin of domestic, [327], [344];
habits, [327] f.;
operculum of nostrils, [11];
Brush Bronze-wing, [338];
Common Bronze-wing, [338];
Crested Bronze-wing, [337];
Fruit-, [325], [327], [328], [344]-[347];
hollondais, [346];
Partridge Bronze-wing, [337];
Plumed Bronze-wing, [337];
Snow-, [344];
Tooth-billed, [325], [332], [333];
Tumbler-, [327];
White-bellied, [336]
Pigment of feathers, [3], [3] n.
Pigmy Parrot, [371] f.
Pilerodius pileatus, [90]
Pimlico, [567]
Pingré, on Solitaire, [330] f.
Pintados, [204]
Pintail–see Duck
Pipile, [195];
P. cujubi, [197];
P. cumanensis, [197];
P. jacutinga, [197]
Pipilo, [585]
Pipit, [498] f.;
habits, [500] f.;
moult, [5];
Red-throated, [500];
Richard's, [500];
Rock-, [500];
Tawny, [500];
Water-, [500]
Pipra leucocilla, [478];
P. mentalis, [478];
P. serena, [478];
P. suavissima, [478];
P. velutina, [478]
P. riefferi, [483]
habits, [479]
Piprinae, [477] f.
Piprisoma, [571]
Piprites, [477]
Pitangus, [475];
P. bolivianus, [476]
Pithecophaga, [146];
P. jefferyi, [160]
Pitta, [469] f.;
P. angolensis, [471];
P. baudi, [471];
P. brachyura, [470];
P. caerulea, [470] f.;
P. cucullata, [470];
P. cyanea, [471];
P. cyanoptera, [471];
P. granatina, [471];
P. iris, [471];
P. mackloti, [471];
P. maxima, [471];
P. moluccensis, [470];
P. novae guineae, [470];
P. nympha, [471];
P. oatesi, [470];
P. strepitans, [471]
Pittasoma, [488]
habits, [469] f.
Pitylus, [575]
Pityriasis, [532];
P. gymnocephala, [532]
Plain-Wanderer, [190]
Plant-cutters, [483]
Plantain-eater, [351], [359] f., [439];
habits, [360] f.;
toes, [10]
Platalea, [100];
bill, [12];
fossil, [105];
young, [105];
P. flavipes, [104];
P. leucorodia, [100], [103], [104], [104];
Plataleinae, [99] f.;
habits, [103]
Platycercus, [363], [364], [367];
P. elegans, [367] f.;
P. eximius, [368]
Platylophus, [532]
Platyrhynchinae, [473] f.
Platyrhynchus, [473]
Platysmurus, [552];
P. aterrimus, [553]
Plectropterinae, [111], [133] f.
P. gambensis, [134];
P. niger, [134];
P. rüppelli, [134];
P. scioanus, [134]
Plectrorhynchus, [565]
Plegadis, [100];
P. falcinellus, [101];
P. guarauna, [101];
P. ridgwayi, [101]
Pliny, on death of Aeschylus, [151];
on Trochilus, [426]
habits, [578] f.
Ploceinae, [577] f.
Ploceipasser mahali, [579]
habits, [80] f.;
P. anhinga, [79];
P. chantrii, [80];
P. levaillanti, [80];
P. nanus, fossil, [86];
P. novae hollandiae, [79] f.;
P. parvus, fossil, [86]
Golden, [272];
Green, [275];
Grey, [272];
Kentish, [273];
Kill-deer, [274];
Little Ringed, [273];
Norfolk, [297];
Plumae, [2]
Plumule, [2]
Pluvianellus sociabilis, [276]
Pluvianus, [293];
P. aegyptius, [295]
Pneumaticity, of Chauna, [109];
of Sula, [72]
Pochard, [122]
Podager, [416]
Podargidae, [415]-[417], [419]
Podargus, [415], [417], [419];
P. cuvieri, [417]
Podica, [267];
P. petersi, [268];
P. senegalensis, [267]
functionless tail, [26];
habits, [53] f.;
structure, etc., [49] f.
Podicipedes, [49]
Podicipes auritus, [53];
P. caliparaeus, [53];
P. cristatus, [53];
P. dominicus, [53];
P. griseigena, [53];
P. gularis, [52];
P. holboelli, [53];
P. nestor, [53];
P. nigricollis, [53];
P. pelzelni, [53];
P. rollandi, [53];
P. rufipectus, [53];
P. taczanowskii, [53];
P. tricolor, [53]
Podilymbus, [49];
P. podiceps, [53]
Podoces, [558];
P. biddulphi, [558];
P. hendersoni, [558];
P. panderi, [558]
Poecilonetta bahamensis, [125];
P. erythrorhyncha, [125];
P. galapagensis, [125]
Poeocephalus, [364];
Poëphila mirabilis, [578]
P. dubius, [449] f.
Polioaëtus ichthyaëtus, [164];
P. plumbeus, [164]
Poliohierax insignis, [174];
P. semitorquatus, [174]
Poliolophus, [505]
Polioptilinae, [509], [514], [515]
Pollex, [8]
Polyborinae, [146]-[148], [151] f.
Polyboroïdes, [146];
P. radiatus, [154];
P. typicus, [154]
Polyborus, [146]-[148], [152], [153];
P. cheriway, [152];
P. lutosus, [152];
Polygamy, in Galline Birds, [202];
questionable in Opisthocomus, [242]
Polygonal bodies imbedded in vanes, [3]
Polymyodi, [466]
Polyplectron, [200], [202], [203], [208];
P. bicalcaratum, [208];
P. chinquis, [208];
P. germaini, [208];
P. inocellatus, [208];
P. napoleonis, [208];
P. nehrkornae, [208];
P. schleiermacheri, [208]
Polytmus, [427]
Pomatostomus, [568]
Poor Soldier, [567]
Poor-Will, [417]
Porphyrio, [243], [245], [246], [250];
P. caerulescens, fossil, [251];
P. caeruleus, [250];
P. mackintoshi, fossil, [251];
P. reperta, [251];
P. veterum, [250]
Porphyriola, [244];
P. alleni, [250];
P. martinica, [250];
P. parva, [250]
Porphyriops, [244];
P. crassirostris, [250];
P. melanops, [250]
Porphyriornis nesiotis, [244], [249]
Porphyrocephalus spurius, [367]
Port Egmont Hen, [305]
Porzana bailloni, [246], [248];
P. carolina, [248];
P. maruetta, [248]
P. palmeri, [249] f.
Post-thoracic rib, [6]
Posterior limbs, [9]
Pouch, [21];
gular, in Bustards, [261]
Poule Rouge, [251]
Powder-down, feathers, [3];
patches, [22];
in Accipitres, [147];
in Ardeae, [87];
in Artamus, [531];
in Eurypygidae, [266];
in Falconidae, [147];
in Gymnoderus, [481];
in Leptosoma, [378];
in Mesites, [187];
in Podargidae, [416];
in Psittaci, [364];
in Rhinochetus, [264];
in Tinamidae, [183]
Praecoces, [22]
Praemaxilla, [11]
Prairie, Chicken, [234];
-Hen, [235];
Lesser Prairie-Hen, [235]
P. rubetra, [511]
Pre-Tertiary Birds, [2]
Presphenoid, [11]
Principal shaft, or rhachis of feather, [3]
Priocella, [61];
P. glacialoïdes, [67]
Priofinus cinereus, [67]
Prion, [60], [61], [66], [112];
sifting apparatus of bill, [12];
P. ariel, [66];
P. desolatus, [66]
Prionirhynchus, [380]
Prioniturus, [363]
P. squalidus, [571];
P. vincens, [570]
Prionodura, [551];
Prionopinae, [531] f.
Prionops, [532]
P. temnurus, [443] f.
Prismatic, hues in feathers, cause of, [3];
structure of vanes, [4]
Pristorhamphus, [570]
P. tethys, [68]
Procellariidae, [59] f.;
habits, [61] f.
Procellariiformes, [59] f., [70]
Procellariinae, [59], [60], [65] f.
Procelsterna, [311]
P. furcata, [525];
Procnemial, [22];
process, of Colymbiformes, [49]
Procoelous, [6]
Prodotiscus, [451] f.;
P. insignis, [452];
P. regulus, [452]
Progura gallinacea, fossil, [350]
Proherodius oweni, fossil, [95]
P. cafer, [570]
Propelargus, fossil, [99]
Prosobonia leucoptera, [283]
P. novae zealandiae, [567]
Protibis, fossil, [105]
Protonotaria, [573]
Proventriculus, [12]
Provinces, [17]
Proximal, [22]
Prymnacantha, [427];
P. popelarii, [438] f.
Psamathia, [515]
P. dalhousiae, [468] f.
Psaroglossa, [559]
Psephotus, [365]
Pseudapteryx gracilis, fossil, [40]
Pseudodacnis, [575]
Pseudogeranus, [254]
Pseudogerygone, [507];
P. rubra, [507]
Pseudogryphus, [137];
P. californianus, [139]
Pseudogyps, [143];
P. africanus, [145];
P. bengalensis, [145]
Pseudonestor, [562]
Pseudorhectes, [532]
Pseudotantalus ibis, [97]
Pseudotriccus, [474]
Psilopogon pyrolophus, [450]
Psilorhamphus, [488]
Psilorhinus, [553]
Psittaci, [351] f., [361] f., [376];
bill, [12];
cere, [11];
clavicles sometimes absent, [8];
habits, [364] f.;
metatarsals, [10];
toes, [10];
voice, [13]
Psittacidae, [351], [362] f., [366] f.
Psittacula, [363], [364], [368], [370]
Psittacus, [364];
fossil, [375];
P. erithacus, [362], [369], [370];
P. timneh, [369]
Psophia crepitans, [257], [258];
P. leucoptera, [258];
P. napensis, [258];
P. obscura, [258];
P. ochroptera, [258];
P. viridis, [258]
Psophiidae, [243], [256], [257] f.;
habits, [258]
Psophodes, [503]
claws shed, [203];
moult, [5]
Pteridophora, [545];
P. alberti, [548]
Pternistes, [225] f.;
P. afer, [225];
P. boehmi, [226];
P. cranchi, [225] f.;
P. humboldti, [225];
P. infuscatus, [226];
P. leucoscepus, [226];
P. nudicollis, [225];
P. rubricollis, [225];
P. rufipictus, [226];
P. swainsoni, [226]
fossil, [325];
P. arenarius, [323];
P. bicinctus, [323];
P. coronatus, [323];
P. decoratus, [323];
P. gutturalis, [323];
P. lichtensteini, [322], [323];
P. quadricinctus, [323];
P. personatus, [323];
P. variegatus, [323]
habits, [322] f.;
toes, [10]
Pteroclo-Columbine, [268], [321]
Pteroclurus, [322];
P. alchata, [323];
P. exustus, [324];
P. namaqua, [324];
P. senegallus, [324]
Pteroglossus, [456];
P. aracari, [456];
P. beauharnaisi, [454], [456];
P. torquatus, [455]
Pteronetta hartlaubi, [134]
Pterophanes, [427];
Pteroptochidae, [469], [489], [490]
P. albicollis, [491];
P. rubecula, [490]
Pterygoid, [11]
Pterylae, feathered spaces, [2]
Pterylographie, of Nitzsch, [2]
Pterylosis, [2]
Ptilochlorinae, [477] f.
Ptilochloris, [478];
P. squamata, [479]
Ptilogenys caudatus, [529];
P. cinereus, [530]
Ptilonorhynchidae, [496]
Ptilopachys fuscus, [219]
Ptilopus, [326], [327], [347];
P. aurantiifrons, [348];
P. dupetit-thouarsi, [347];
P. jambu, [347];
P. nanus, [348];
P. superbus, [348];
P. swainsoni, [347]
Ptilorhis, [544], [550], [551];
P. magnifica, [545];
P. paradisea, [545];
P. victoriae, [551]
Ptilorhynchidae, [543]
P. violaceus, [549], [549], [551], [552]
Ptilosclera versicolor, [373]
P. limbata, [564]
Ptychorhamphus, [316];
P. aleuticus, [318]
P. castanea, [212];
P. darwini, [213];
P. macrolopha, [212];
P. meyeri, [212] f.;
P. nipalensis, [212];
P. xanthospila, [213]
Tufted, [317]
fossil, [69];
P. assimilis, [66];
P. brevicauda, [63];
P. conradii, fossil, [69];
P. eyermani, fossil, [69];
P. gravis, [66];
P. griseus, [66];
P. major, [66];
P. obscurus, [66];
P. yelkouanus, [66]
Puttock, [165]
Pycnaspidean, [479]
Pycnonotidae, [504] f., [531];
habits, [505] f.
P. haemorrhous, [506];
P. xanthopygus, [506]
Pycnopygius, [565]
Pycnorhamphus, [584]
Pycraft, on Archaeopteryx, [23] n.
Pygarrhicus, [484]
Pygmornis, [430]
Pygopodes, [49]
P. margaritata, [488]
Pygosceles, [55];
P. adeliae, [57];
P. taeniata, [57]
absent in Archaeopteryx, [25];
absent in Hesperornithes, [25], [26];
absent in Ratitae, [25], [26];
absent in Tinamidae, [25], [26], [182];
occasionally found in Apteryx, [26] n.;
occasionally found in Struthio, [26] n.
Pyranga, [575]
Pyrenestes, [577]
Pyriglena, [489]
P. orenocensis, [483]
P. flammiceps, [577]
Pyrrholaemus, [518]
Pyrrhula, [583];
P. enucleator, [584];
P. europaea, [584]
Pyrrhuloxia, [583]
Pyrrhuphonia, [576]
in Ratitae, [26];
Quadratojugal, [11]
Quail, [199], [200], [203], [220] f.;
Bush-, [223];
Bustard-, [188];
Chinese, [219];
Common, [220];
Least Swamp-, [219];
Painted, [219];
Swamp-, [219] f.
Quebranta-huesos, [145]
Queest, [344]
Querquedula, [112];
Q. circia, [125];
Q. cyanoptera, [125];
Q. discors, [125];
Q. puna, [125];
Q. versicolor, [125]
Quill, or barrel of feather, [3]
Quills shed simultaneously by Anatidae, [4], [113];
by Phoenicopteridae, [4], [107];
by Rallidae, [4] n.
Quiscalinae, [579] f.
Quiscalus, [581];
Q. versicolor, [580]
Quit-quit, [572] f.
Races of birds, [15]
Rackelhahn, [237]
Racquet-shaped, [22]
Radii, [2]
breast-bone, [7];
flightless, [244];
lose wing-quills simultaneously, [4] n.;
King-, [246];
Sora-, [248];
Rain-bird, [357], [460], [468]
Rain-goose, [52]
Rainbow, [434]
Rallicula, [244], [246], [248]
Rallina, [248]
Rallus, fossil, [251];
R. aquaticus, [246];
R. crepitans, [246];
R. elegans, [246];
R. longirostris, [246];
R. maculatus, [246];
R. madagascariensis, [246];
R. sandvicensis, [251];
R. virginianus, [246]
Rami, [2]
Ramsay, on Cassowaries, [34] n.
Raptorial, [154]
Ratitae, [109];
coracoid and scapula fused, [8];
incisura ischiadica, [9];
meaning of name, [7];
no pygostyle, [6] n.;
structure, [26];
a subdivision of Neornithes, [23] f.
Rattlewing, [121]
Raven, [554], [555], [555], [556]
Razorbill, [316], [317], [320] f.
in Archaeopteryx, [25];
no true, in Grebes, [50]
R. americana, [278];
R. andina, [278];
R. avocetta, [278];
R. novae hollandiae, [278];
R. rubricollis, [278]
Red Bird, [331]
Redbreast, [516]
beak elongated in summer, [5] n.
Redshank, [283];
Dusky, [283];
Spotted, [283]
Redstart, [511], [512], [515]-[517];
Black, [511]
Reed-Pheasant, [541] f., [541]
Reeve, [285]
Regent-bird, [549]
Regerhinus, [147];
R. cayennensis, [173];
R. megarhynchus, [173];
R. uncinatus, [173];
R. wilsoni, [173]
Regions, of Heilprin, [15] f.;
of Huxley, [15] f.;
of Newton, [16] f.;
of Sclater, [15] f.;
of Wallace, [15] f.;
of others, [16] f.
Regulidae, [495]
Regulinae, [509]
Regulus, [513]-[515], [517], [518]
Reinhardt, on Dodo, [330]
Reinwardtoenas, [326];
R. browni, [343];
R. reinwardti, [343]
primarii, [20];
secundarii, [20];
of Cassowaries, [33]
Remiornis, [45]
Reò, [379]
Reptilia, difference from Birds, [1] f.
Reticulated, [10]
Rhachis of feather, [3]
Rhamphastidae, [445], [448], [453] f.;
habits, [454] f.
R. carinatus, [455];
R. vitellinus, [455]
Rhamphocaenus, [488]
Rhamphococcyx, [352];
R. calorhynchus, [357]
Rhamphocoelus, [575];
Rhamphocorys, [497]
Rhamphodon, [426], [430], [431], [435];
R. naevius, [432]
Rhamphomantis, [351]
Rhamphomicron heteropogon, [437];
R. microrhynchum, [437]
Rhamphotheca, [11];
of Ratitae, [26]
Rhea, [30] f.;
breast-bone, [7];
feathers, [32];
fossil, [31];
R. darwini, [30] f.;
R. macrorhyncha, [30]
Rheidae, structure, etc., [30] f.
R. ocellatus, [208]
Rhinoceros-bird, [561]
Rhinochetidae, [243], [263] f.
Rhinochetus, [186], [187], [243];
habits, [265];
operculum of nostrils, [11];
R. aura, [140];
R. burrovianus, [140];
R. perniger, [140]
R. vigil, [393]
Rhinopomastus, [397]
Rhinoptilus, [295]
Rhinortha, [351]
R. motacilloïdes, [508]
Rhizothera dulitensis, [225];
R. longirostris, [225]
Rhodinocincla, [515]
Rhodonessa caryophyllacea, [134]
Rhodostethia, [300], [301], [304];
R. rosea, [310]
Rhopocichla, [504]
Rhopophilus, [513]
Rhopoterpe, [488]
Rhyacornis, [516]
male incubates, [271];
R. australis, [292];
R. capensis, [292];
R. semicollaris, [292]
Rhynchocyclus, [473]
Rhynchopidae, [300]
habits, [304];
R. albicollis, [310];
R. flavirostris, [310];
R. intercedens, [310];
R. melanura, [310];
R. nigra, [310]
Rhynchortyx cinctus, [232];
R. spodiostethus, [232]
Rhynchostruthus, [583]
Rhynchotus, [183];
R. maculicollis, [184];
Rhytidoceros plicatus, [394];
R. subruficollis, [393];
R. undulatus, [394]
Rictal, [22]
Ridge of bill, [20]
Ridged structure of vanes of feathers, [3]
Ridgway, on Ardea occidentalis, [93] n.;
on Ciconiidae, [95] n.;
on Dissura, [96] n.;
on Humming-birds, [432];
see Baird
-bird, [545]
Riporre, [238]
Rissa, [301];
R. brevirostris, [303], [306];
R. tridactyla, [305] f.
Road-runner, [357]
Robin, [354], [512], [515], [516];
American, [510];
Australian, [511];
Cape-, [512] n.;
Corean, [512];
Hill-, [503];
Indian, [512] n.;
Japanese, [512];
Persian, [512];
New Zealand, [512] n.
habits, [377] f.;
R. roulroul, [221]
Roofed, of tail, [22]
Rose-sucker, [426]
Rosenberg, v., on Nasiterna, [372]
Rostratula, [292]
Rostrhamus, [146], [147], [149];
R. sociabilis, [171]
Rotche, [321]
Rothschild, on Apteryx, [39];
on Bird of Paradise, [550];
on Drepanididae, [562] n.;
on Houbara, [262] n.
Roy, on Flight, [61] n.
Royal Birds, [136]
Rubigula, [505]
Ruc, [43]
Rump, [20]
dances of, [482];
nest, [482] f.;
R. crocea, [480]
Rupicolinae, [479] f.
Rupornis magnirostris, [167];
R. nattereri, [167];
R. pucherani, [167];
R. ruficauda, [167];
R. ridgwayi, [169];
R. saturata, [167]
Ruticilla, [509];
R. moussieri, [512];
R. phoenicurus, [511]
Saddle-back, [558]
Sagittarius, [141]
Sagittate, [22]
St. Hilaire, on Aepyornis, [43]
Saker, [179]
Salmon, on Creciscus, [249] n.
Saltator, [575]
Salvadori, on Anatidae, [111], [136];
on Birds of Paradise, [543] n.;
on Cassowaries, [33];
on Columbae, [325];
on Podicipes, [52];
on Psittacidae, [362]
Salvadorina, [113];
S. waigiuensis, [116]
Salvin, F. H., on fishing with Cormorants [79];
and Brodrick, on Falconry, [148] n.;
see also Freeman
Salvin, O., on Humming Birds, [432];
on Lämmergeier, [151] n.;
on Motmots, [380] n.;
on nest of Panyptila, [424];
on classification of Petrels, [59] n.;
see Sclater
Sandeman, on Honey-guide, [452] n.
Sanderling, [282]
Sand-Grouse–see Grouse, Sand-
Sand-Lark, [273]
Sandpiper, [268];
Bonaparte's, [280];
Broad-billed, [282];
Buff-breasted, [282];
Curlew-, [280];
Marsh, [284];
Pectoral, [280] f.;
Purple, [281];
Purple, male incubates, [271];
Semipalmated, [282];
Spoon-billed, [282];
Spotted, [286];
Stilt-, [286];
White-winged, [283];
Wood-, [284]
Sap-sucker, [461]
S. phaon, [434];
S. sparganura, [434]
fossil, [136];
S. carunculata, [134];
S. melanonota, [134]
Sarciophorus tectus, [275]
Sarcogeranus, [254]
Sarcorhamphidae, [137] f.
Sarcorhamphus, [137];
Sasia, [464]
Saunders, on Black-headed Gull and allies, [308];
on Laridae, [306] f.;
on Stercorariidae, [300]
Saurognathae, [457]
Sauropsida of Huxley, [1] f.
Sauzier, bones of Dodo, [330]
Savannah-blackbird, [359]
Savery, figure of Dodo, [329] f.
Saxicoline, [516]
Scales, nature of, [2] n.
Scaniornis, fossil, [108]
unites with coracoids in Fregata, [72]
Scapus, [3]
S. inca, [341];
S. squamosa, [341]
Scaup, [121]
Sceloglaux, [398], [400], [401];
S. albifacies, [408]
Schistospiza, [583] f.
Schizoeaca, [484]
Schizorhis, [360];
S. concolor, [361]
S. respublica, [547]
Schomburgk, on Rupicola, [482]
Scissor-bill, [310]
Sclater, on classification, [14];
edits translation of Nitzsch's Pterylographie, [2] n.;
on geographical distribution, [15] f.;
on Alectorides and Fulicariae, [243];
on Anatidae, [113];
on method of feeding in Cormorant, [78] n.;
on Cotingidae, [479];
on Dendrocolaptidae, [484];
on Formicariidae, [488];
on Galbulidae and Bucconidae, [445] n.;
on Icteridae, [579];
on incubation of Ostrich, [29];
on classification of Passeres, [467];
on Penguins, [56] n., [57] n.;
on Picariae, [376];
on Pipridae, [477] n.;
on Rhamphastidae, [455];
on Tanagridae, [575] n.;
on Tyrannidae, [473];
and Hudson, on Aramus, [257] n.;
and Hudson, on Bitterns, [88] n.;
and Salvin, on Ptilochloris buckleyi, [479] n.
Scleroptila, [226]
Sclerurinae, [484] f.
Sclerurus, [486]
Scolephagus, [581];
fossil, [496]
Scolopacinae, [268], [269], [271], [289]
S. megala, [270];
S. minor, [270];
S. rochusseni, [290];
S. rusticula, [289] f., [290];
S. saturata, [290];
S. stenura, [270]
Scops, [398], [399], [401], [403], [412];
S. asio, [413];
S. brucii, [413];
S. capnodes, [413];
S. flammeola, [413];
S. giu, [412] f.;
S. icterorhynchus, [413];
S. leucotis, [413];
S. rutilus, [413];
S. semitorques, [412]
Scoptelus, [397]
habits, [95];
Scoter, [119];
habits, [120];
Surf, [120];
Velvet, [119]
S. bouvieri, [414];
S. peli, [414];
S. ussheri, [414]
Scotornis climacurus, [418]
Screamer, Crested, [110];
Horned, [110]
Scrub-bird, [491]
Scutellae, [10]
Scutellated, [10]
Scutelliplantar, [496]
Scytalopus, [490];
S. magellanicus, [491]
Scythrops, [351];
S. novae hollandiae, [356]
Sea-Eagle, habits, [163] f.;
-Hen, [305];
-Pheasant, [125];
-Pie, [276];
Secretarius, [141]
Secretary-Bird, [137], [141], [141], [258];
habits, [142] f.
Seebohm, on Sula, [74] n.
Seena aurantia, [314]
Selasphorus platycercus, [438];
S. piperivora, [456];
S. spectabilis, [456]
Seleucides, [544], [550], [551];
S. ignotus, [545]
Semi-rings of bronchi, [21]
Semioptera, [545], [550], [551];
S. wallacii, [548]
S. australis, [152]
Septum, of nostrils, [11]
Sericornis, [518]
Sericossypha, [575]
S. melinus, [549], [551], [552]
Seriemá, [243], [258], [259], [260]
Serilophus, [469]
Serin, [584]
Serinus canarius, [585];
S. canicollis, [585];
S. hortulanus, [584]
Serpentariidae, [137], [141] f.
Serpentarius secretarius, [141], [141];
habits, [142] f.;
S. robustus, fossil in France, [143]
Serrated bill, [12]
Serresius, [326];
S. galeatus, [346]
S. ruticilla, [512] n.
Settler's Clock, [386]
Shaheen, [179]
Shank, [9]
Sharpe, on genus Ardea, [91] n.;
on Birds of Paradise, [543] n.;
on Brachypteri and Cisticolae, [513];
on Eudromias, [270] n.;
on plumage of Falconidae, [157];
on Ortyxelus, [295] n.;
families of Oscines, list of, [495];
on Owls, [400];
on Podicipes, [52] n.;
on Sturnidae, [559];
on Strix, [404];
on Thamnobiae, [510];
on Timeliidae, [502]
Sheartail, Peruvian, [438]
Shearwater, [61]-[63], [65], [66];
Manx, [68]
Sheath-bill, [268];
bill, [11]
Sheld-Drake, [114], [128], [128];
Ruddy, [129]
Shell-Ibis, [97]
Shelley on Capitonidae, [449];
on Cuculidae, [351];
on Promerops (Nectariniidae), [568] n.;
on Weaver-birds, [576] n.
Shield, frontal or on bill, [12]
Shikra, [157]
Shoulder-girdle, [8]
Cuckoo-, [525] f.;
Lesser Grey, [534];
Red-backed, [535];
Wood-, [535];
Woodchat-, [534]
Shufeldt, on Cypselus melanoleucus, [421] n.
Sialia, [509], [510], [515], [517]
Sibia, [502]
Sibree, on Coua, [357] n.;
on Leptosoma, [379] n.
Sigelus, [355]
Sigmodus, [532]
S. cristatellus, [318];
S. pusillus, [318];
S. pygmaeus, [318]
Siptornis albiceps, [485];
S. hudsoni, [487];
S. maluroïdes, [487];
S. striaticeps, [487];
S. sulphurifera, [487]
Sirkeer, [357]
Siskin, [584]
S. inquieta, [508]
habits, [538]
Sittiparus, [503]
Siva, [502]
Skeat, on the name Parrot, [362]
Skeleton, [5] f.;
appendicular, [5];
axial, [5] f.;
of Carinate Bird, [8];
of trunk of Falcon, [7]
Skin, [2] n.
Skua, [81], [268], [300]-[303];
Arctic, [305];
Buffon's, [305];
Pomatorhine, [305]
Skull, [10] f.;
of Wild Duck, [11]
Slater, bones of Solitaire, [331]
bill, [11];
Common, [290] f.;
Double, [291];
Painted, [292];
Pin-tailed, [292];
Solitary, [291];
Wood-, [291]
Snow-Cock, [229];
-Partridge, [230];
-Pheasant, [229]
Solan Goose, [73], [75], [302]
Solitaire, [325];
habits, [331];
of Bourbon, [330];
Somateria, [114];
S. dresseri, [118];
S. mollissima, [118] f.;
S. spectabilis, [111], [118] f.;
S. v-nigrum, [118]
Sporaeginthus, [579]
-Hawk, see Hawk, Sparrow-;
Hedge-, [354], [512], [515]-[517];
House-, [584];
Java-, [577];
Song-, [586]
Spatula, [111];
S. capensis, [124];
S. clypeata, [124];
S. platalea, [124];
S. rhynchotis, [124]
Species of Birds, [15]
Speculum, [22];
in ducks, [114] f.
Speed of flight, [20]
Spel of Capercaillie, [237]
S. cunicularia, [400] f., [409] f., [410]
Sperling, on Sooty Tern, [312] n.
Spermestes, [577]
S. maxillaris, [543]
Sphenisci, [54] f.;
fingers, [9];
metatarsals, [10]
Spheniscidae, [54] f., [71], [109];
habits, [55] f.
Sphenisciformes, [54] f., [59]
Spheniscus, [55];
S. demersus, [57];
S. magellanicus, [57];
S. mendiculus, [57];
S. formosae, [350];
S. permagnus, [350];
S. sieboldi, [350];
S. sororius, [350];
S. sphenurus, [349] f.
Sphenocichla, [521]
Sphenura, [517]
Sphyropicus, [461];
Spicules beneath toes–see Toes
Spiloglaux novae zealandiae, [409]
Spilornis, [154];
S. cheela, [154];
S. holospilus, [154];
S. sulaënsis, [154];
S. undulatus, [154]
Spinal cord, [5]
Spindalis, [575]
Spiza, [583];
S. guiraca, [587]
Spizaëtus, [160];
S. coronatus, [160];
S. ornatus, [160];
S. tyrannus, [160]
Spiziapteryx, [146];
S. circumcinctus, [174]
Spiziastur melanoleucus, [161]
Spizilauda deva, [496]
Spodiopsar, [561];
S. burmanicus, [560]
Spoonbill, [70], [99] f., [104];
bill, [12];
habits, [103]
Sporadinus, [433]
Sporaeginthus amandava, [577]
Spring moult, [4] f.
Spur-fowl, [218]
Squamosal, [11]
Square, of tail, [22]
Squatarola helvetica, [272]
Squatter, [337]
Stachyridopsis, [503]
Stachyris, [504]
Stactolaema anchietae, [450];
S. olivaceum, [450]
Standard wing, [548]
Starling, [559], [560], [560]-[562];
habits, [561] f.;
American, [579];
Red-winged, [580];
Tree-, [559]
Starnoenas, [327];
S. cyanocephala, [335]
Steatornis, [417];
nest, [419];
S. caripensis, [419]
Steering feathers, [21]
Steganopodes, [70] f.;
nostrils, [12];
toes, [10]
Steganopodous, [71]
Steganopus wilsoni, [279]
Stegnolaema montagnii, [197]
Stejneger, classification, [14];
families of Oscines, list, [495];
on Stercorariinae, [300]
Stephanophorus, [575]
Stercorariidae, [300]
Stercorariinae, [300] f., [304];
habits, [302] f.
Stercorarius crepidatus, [301], [305];
S. pomatorhinus, [301], [305];
S. richardsoni, [305]
Stereornithes, [25], [43] f., [260];
structure, [44] f.
S. albigena, [313];
S. albistriata, [314];
S. aleutica, [312];
S. anaestheta, [312];
S. antillarum, [311];
S. balaenarum, [312];
S. bergii, [312];
S. bernsteini, [312];
S. cantiaca, [312];
S. elegans, [312];
S. eurygnatha, [312];
S. forsteri, [314];
S. frontalis, [312];
S. fuliginosa, [312];
S. hirundinacea, [313];
S. longipennis, [313];
S. lorata, [312];
S. lunata, [312];
S. macrura, [313];
S. maxima, [312];
S. media, [312];
S. melanauchen, [311];
S. melanogaster, [314];
S. minuta, [311];
S. nereis, [312];
S. saundersi, [311];
S. sinensis, [311];
S. superciliaris, [311] f.;
S. trudeaui, [311];
S. virgata, [313];
S. vittata, [313]
Sterninae, [300] f., [310] f.;
habits, [303] f.
Sternotracheal muscles, two pairs in Anseriformes, [108]
Stictonetta, [111];
S. naevosa, [123]
Stictospiza, [579]
Stint, Little, [279] f., [282];
Temminck's, [280]
Stiphrornis, [514]
Stirling and Zietz on Genyornis, [38] n.
Stock Eagle, [463]
Stolzmann on Loddigesia, [437]
Stomach, [12]
Stone-Curlew, see Curlew, Stone-;
-Runner, [273]
Stonehatch, [273]
Stork, [70], [86], [95] f., [105], [148];
habits, [96];
Black, [99];
Saddle-billed, [98];
Strepera, [532]
Strepsilas, [268];
S. interpres, [276];
S. melanocephalus, [276]
Streptocitta, [561]
Striated feathers, [4]
Strickland, on Aepyornis, [43];
on Widow bird, [577] n.;
and Melville, on Dodo, [329] n.;
on Solitaire, [331] n.
clavicles do not always unite, [8];
toes, [10]
Strigidae, [398] f.;
habits, [400] f.
Stringopinae, [362] f., [366] f.
little keel to sternum, [7], [26];
fossil, [415];
S. aurantiaca, [404];
S. candida, [404];
S. capensis, [404];
S. castanops, [404];
S. flammea, [400], [403] f., [404];
S. novae hollandiae, [404];
S. tenebricosa, [404]
Struthio, toes and claws, [10];
S. asiaticus, fossil, [27];
S. australis, [27];
S. chersonensis, fossil, [27];
S. karatheodori, fossil, [27];
S. molybdophanes, [27]
Struthiolithus chersonensis, fossil, [27]
Struthionidae, structure, etc., [27]
Sturnella, [500], [581], [582];
S. defilippii, [500];
Sturnellinae, [579] f.
Sturnia, [559]
Sturnidae, [494], [558] n., [559];
fossil, [496];
habits, [561] f.
S. contra, [560]
Sturnornis, [559]
Sturnus, [559];
S. unicolor, [560];
S. vulgaris, [560], [560], [561]
Subclamatores, [467]
Sub-classes of Aves, [23]
Suboscines, [467]
Sub-regions, [17]
Sugar-bird, [573]
fossil, [86];
S. abbotti, [74];
S. capensis, [73];
S. cyanops, [74];
S. leucogaster, [74];
S. piscator, [74];
S. serrator, [73];
S. variegata, [74]
habits, [75]
Sultan-bird, [539]
Sun-bird, [355], [427], [568] f.;
habits, [569] f.;
Splendid, [569]
Sun-bittern, [243], [266] f., [266]
Supra-angular, [11];
-occipital, [11]
Surf-bird, [270]
S. funerea, [411];
S. dicruroïdes, mimicry, [529];
S. lugubris, [355]
Swallow, [420], [522] f., [524] f., [524];
habits, [524] f.;
moult, [5];
-tail, [435];
-wing, [448];
Bank-, [525];
Chimney-, [422];
Cliff-, [525];
Sea-, [303];
Wood-, [530] f.
habits, [114];
marks, [136];
trachea enters keel of sternum, [13];
young, [135] f.;
Bewick's, [136];
Polish, [135];
Tame, [135]
breast-bone, [6] f.;
habits, [421] f.;
American Chimney, [421];
Tree-, [422]
Sycalis, [586];
S. pelzelni, [586]
Sycobrotus, [578]
Sylviella, [514]
Sylviinae, [494], [506], [509], [513], [573];
fossil, [496];
habits, [517]
Sylviorthorhynchus, [484]
Syma, [382];
S. torotoro, [386]
Symphemia, [284]
Symphysis, [21]
Synallaxinae, [484] f.
Synallaxis, [484], [486], [487];
S. semicinerea, [485]
Synoecus, [200];
S. australis, [219];
S. raalteni, [220]
Synthliborhamphus, [316];
S. antiquus, [318];
S. wumizusume, [318]
Sypheotis, [260];
S. aurita, [262]
Syrigma sibilatrix, [90]
S. albigulare, [406];
S. aluco, [405];
S. indranee, [405];
S. lapponicum, [405];
S. leptogrammicum, [405];
S. nebulosum, [406];
S. newarense, [405];
S. nivicola, [405];
S. nuchale, [406];
S. occidentale, [406];
S. ocellatum, [405];
S. perspicillatum, [406];
S. rufipes, [406];
S. sinense, [405];
S. uralense, [405];
S. virgatum, [406];
S. woodfordi, [406]
padded foot, [322];
no hallux, [322];
S. paradoxus, [322], [323], [323], [324];
breeding, [325];
T. sirkee, [357]
Tachornis, [425] f.;
T. squamata, [425]
Tachycineta, [522], [523], [525];
T. albiventris, [524];
T. leucorrhous, [525]
T. cinereus, [121]
Tachyornis, [315] n.;
fossil, [426]
Taczanowski and Stolzmann, on Loddigesia, [437] n.
Tadorna, [112];
T. cornuta, [111], [113], [128], [128];
T. radjah, [128]
Taenioptera, [473], [475]-[477];
T. dominicana, [475]
Taeniopterinae, [473] f.
Tail, [20];
in Archaeopteryx, [25];
coverts, [20];
functionless in Tinamidae, [182];
in Woodpecker, [457]
Tailor-bird, [518]
Talegallus, [190] f.;
T. cuvieri, [192];
T. fuscirostris, [193];
T. jobiensis, [193]
Tanager, [575] f.;
habits, [576];
Brazilian, [576]
habits, [576]
Tan-cho, [254]
fossil in France, [99];
T. cinereus, [97];
T. leucocephalus, [97];
T. loculator, [97]
Tanysiptera, [383];
T. dea, [385];
T. nympha, [385];
T. sabrina, [385]
Taoperdix, fossil, [240]
Tapaculo, [491]
Taphaëtus branchialis, fossil, [181]
Tapinopus, fossil, [251]
Tarapo, [366]
Tarrock, [306]
Tarsus, [10]
Taste, in Birds, [12]
Tatare, [515]
Tatton on Didus borbonicus, [330]
Taxaspidean, [471]
Tchitrea, [507]
Teal, [125] f.
Tectrices, [21]
of Archaeopteryx, [24];
of Hesperornis, [46] f.;
of Ichthyornis, [49]
Tegetmeier, on breeds of Pigeons, [327] n.;
on Fowls, [208] n.;
on Pheasants, [212] n.
Telephonus, [532]
Telespiza, [583]
Telmatornis, fossil, [251]
Temenuchus, [559]
Temnurus truncatus, [553]
Tephrocorys cincrea, [498]
Teracus littoralis, fossil, [181]
Terekia cinerea, [286]
Teretistris, [573]
Terminology, [20] f.
Tern, [82], [268], [300], [301], [310] f.;
habits, [303] f.;
Arctic, [313];
Black, [314];
Gull-billed, [314];
Lesser, [311];
Marsh-, [314];
Roseate, [313];
Sandwich, [312];
Whiskered, [314] f.;
White-winged Black, [314]
Terpsiphone, [506], [507], [509];
T. mutata, [508];
Tertials, [22]
Téru-téru, [275]
T. frantzii, [451];
T. rhamphastinus, [451]
T. kamtschaticus, [237];
T. medius, [237];
T. parvirostris, [237];
T. urogalloïdes, [237];
T. urogallus, [200]-[202], [236] f.;
T. urogallus, fossil, [241];
T. uralensis, [236]
Tetraogallus, [202];
T. altaicus, [229];
T. caspius, [229];
T. caucasicus, [229];
T. henrici, [229];
T. himalayensis, [229];
T. tibetanus, [229]
Tetraonidae, claws shed, [5] n.
Tetraoninae, [198]-[201], [204], [233] f.;
shed horny fringes of toes, [203]
Tetraophasis obscurus, [229];
T. széchenyii, [230]
Tetrastes, [199], [203], [234]
Textor, [579];
T. albirostris, [578]
Thalassaëtus, [146];
T. branickii, [163];
T. pelagicus, [163]
Thalassiornis leuconota, [118]
Thalassoeca antarctica, [67]
Thalassogeron, [65]
Thamnistes, [489]
Thamnobia, [510], [512] n., [513], [516]
Thamnobiae, of Sharpe, [510], [513]
Thamnocharis, [489]
Thamnophilinae, [488] f.
Thamnophilus, [489];
T. albinuchalis, [489]
Thaumastura cora, [438]
Thaumatibis, [99];
T. gigantea, [102]
Theristicus, [100];
T. branickii, [102];
T. caudatus, [101];
T. melanopis, [102]
Thigh, [22]
Thinocorys orbignianus, [296];
T. rumicivorus, [296]
Thinocorythidae, [268]-[270], [296];
habits, [296]
Thinornis novae zealandiae, [274]
Thorn-bird, [487]
T. harpyia, [159]
Thraupis, [575]
Throat, [20]
Babbling, [503];
Water-, [574]–see also Redwing, Fieldfare
Thryophilus pleurostictus, [522]
Thryothorus, [521]
Thumb, [8]
Thyrorhina, [244]
Tiaris, [584]
Tibia, [9]
Tichodroma, [571];
T. muraria, [571]
Tickellia, [514]
Ticks, on Cypselus, [425] n.
Tiercel, [178]
Tiga javanensis, [462] f.
Tiger-Bittern, [90]
T. brasiliense, [90]
Tigrornis, [87];
T. leucolophus, [90]
T. maculata, [503]
Timeliae, [502]
Timeliidae, [501] f., [504], [506], [510] n., [513] n.;
habits, [503]
Timpoy, [223]
Tinami, [182] f.
Tinamidae, [182] f.;
functionless tail, [26];
habits, [183];
quadrate-bone, [26]
Tinamiformes, [182] f.;
position of the Order, [182], [186]
T. ingoufi, [184]
Tinamou, [183] f.;
habits, [183];
Great, [184]
T. tao, [184]
Tinker-bird, [449]
Tinnunculus, [175];
T. alaudarius, [175];
T. alopex, [176];
T. caribbaearum, [176];
T. cenchris, [175];
T. cenchroïdes, [176];
T. cinnamominus, [176];
T. dominicensis, [176];
T. gracilis, [176];
T. isabellinus, [176];
T. japonicus, sub-species, [175];
T. moluccensis, [176];
T. neglectus, sub-species, [175];
T. newtoni, [176];
T. pekinensis, [176];
T. punctatus, [176];
T. rupicoloïdes, [176];
T. rupicolus, [176];
T. saturatus, sub-species, [175];
T. sparverioïdes, [176];
Tit, habits, [540];
Bearded, [541] f.;
Bottle-, [540];
Coal-, [539];
Marsh-, [539]
Tityra, [480];
Tityrinae, [479] f.
T. rhodogaster, [444]
habits, [382]
T. cinereum, [474] f.
Todus, [381];
T. hypochondriacus, [382];
T. multicolor, [382];
T. subulatus, [382];
habits, [382]
in Archaeopteryx, [25];
in Grouse and Lerwa, [199];
of Hesperornis, [47];
only two anterior in Cholornis, [502];
with spicules below, in Owls, [398];
in Falconidae, [146];
in Pandion, [180];
reversible outer in Pandion, [180];
shed horny fringes of, in Tetraoninae, [203] f.;
of Struthionidae, [27];
in various families, [10]
Tomia, [20]
Tominejo, [426]
Tongue, [12];
in Coerebidae, [572];
in Dicaeidae, [570];
in Drepanididae, [562];
in Meliphagidae, [564];
in Mniotiltidae, [573];
in Nectariniidae, [569];
in Trochilidae, [427];
in Zosteropidae, [568]
Topaz, Crimson, [436]
Topaza pella, [436];
T. pyra, [436]
Torillo, [188] n.
Tortola cordillerana, [339]
Tortolita, [340]
Totaninae, [278]
fossil, [300];
T. brevipes, [285];
T. calidris, [283];
T. flavipes, [283] f.;
T. fuscus, [283];
T. glareola, [284];
T. glottis, [284];
T. guttifer, [284];
T. hypoleucus, [270];
T. melanoleucus, [284];
T. ochropus, [284];
T. semipalmatus, [269], [284];
T. solitarius, [284];
T. stagnatilis, [284]
Toucan, [390], [445], [448], [451], [453] f.;
habits, [454] f.;
Ariel, [455]
Trachea convoluted, in Aramidae, [256];
in Manucodia and Phonygammus, [545];
in Platalea, [100];
in Rhynchaea, [270];
dilatation, [13];
dilated in Chauna, [109] n.;
enlarged or with "labyrinth" in Anatidae, [113];
looped in Anseranas, [113];
in Cracidae, [195];
in Rhynchaea, [292];
in Tantalus ibis, [96];
in Tetrao urogallus and Guttera, [200];
penetrates keel of sternum in certain Swans, [112];
in Cranes, [252];
use and formation, [13]
Tracheal syrinx, [22]
T. caerulescens, [262]
Tracheo-bronchial syrinx, [22]
Tracheophones, [466]
Trachycomus, [505]
Trachyphonus, [450];
T. cafer, [450] f.;
T. margaritatus, [451]
Cabot's, [217]
Tragopan, [199]
Train-bearer, [434]
Transverse process of vertebra, [6]
Transylvanus, Maximilianus, on Bird of Paradise, [543]
Traversia, [472];
T. lyalli, [472]
Treron nasica, [349];
T. nipalensis, [349]
Triarctic, [16]
T. effluxus, fossil, [251];
T. mortieri, [249];
T. roberti, fossil, [251];
T. ventralis, [249]
Trichoglossidae, [351], [362] f., [373] f.
T. novae hollandiae, [373]
T. leucomelan, [450]
Tricholimnas, [245];
T. lafresnayi, [247]
Trichophoropsis, [504]
Tridactylous, [457] n.
fossil, [300];
T. acuminata, [281];
T. alpina, [279];
T. bairdi, [280];
T. canutus, [281];
T. couesi, [281];
T. crassirostris, [282];
T. fuscicollis, [280];
T. maculata, [280] f.;
T. maritima, [281];
T. minuta, [279] f.;
T. minutilla, [279] f.;
T. platyrhyncha, [268];
T. ptilocnemis, [281];
T. ruficollis, [279];
T. striata, [281];
T. subarquata, [280];
T. subminuta, [280];
T. temmincki, [280]
Tringinae, [268], [269], [271], [278] f.
Triptorhinus, [490];
Trochalopterum, [504];
T. chrysopterum, [502];
T. phoeniceum, [502]
Trochilidae, [419], [420], [426] f.;
habits, [428] f.;
operculum of nostrils, [11]
Trochilinae, [435]
Trochilus, [426];
T. alexandri, [438];
Trochocercus, [506]
Troglodytes, [521];
T. aedon, [522];
T. domesticus, [522];
T. formosus, [521];
T. parvulus, [521]
Troglodytidae, [494], [509], [521] f.
habits, [442] f.
Trogon ambiguus, [442];
T. gallicus, fossil, [445];
T. mexicanus, [443];
T. surucura, [443]
Trogonidae, [441] f.;
habits, [442] f.
Tropic-bird, [70], [72], [73];
habits, [72] f.
Tro-tro, [223]
Trouessart, on Geographical Distribution, [16]
True rib, [6]
Trumpeter, [243], [257] f., [257]
Tryngites rufescens, [282]
Tsipoy, [223]
Tuberculum of rib, [6]
Tubinares, [59] f.;
nostrils, [11]
Tumbler, [327]
Turaco, Green-mantled, [360]
Turacoena, [326];
T. menadensis, [343];
T. modesta, [343]
Turacus, [360];
T. corythaix, [361];
T. fischeri, [361]
habits, [515] f.
Turdinus, [503]
Turdus, [510];
fossil, [496];
T. hancii, [510];
T. horsfieldi, [510];
T. iliacus, [510];
T. merula, [510];
T. migratorius, [510];
T. musicus, [510];
T. pilaris, [510];
T. torquatus, [510];
T. varius, [510];
habits, [206];
origin of domestic, [206] n.;
specific name, [206] n.;
-Buzzard, [138], [140], [152];
Native, [262]
Turnagra, [509], [510], [513], [516]
habits, [188];
T. albiventris, [189];
T. blanfordi, [189];
T. castanonota, [189];
T. dussumieri, [189];
T. fasciata, [188];
T. hottentotta, [189];
T. leucogaster, [189];
T. maculosa, [189];
T. melanogaster, [189];
T. nana, [189];
T. nigricollis, [189];
T. powelli, [189];
T. pugnax, [188];
T. pyrrhothorax, [189];
T. rufilata, [188];
T. saturata, [189];
T. sylvatica, [187], [188] n., [189];
T. taigoor, [188];
T. tanki, [189];
T. varia, [189];
T. velox, [189]
Turnstone, [276]
T. abbotti, [341];
T. aldabranus, [341];
T. comorensis, [341];
T. communis, [341];
T. coppingeri, [341];
T. douraca, [341];
T. dussumieri, [341];
T. isabellinus, [341];
T. orientalis, [341];
T. picturatus, [341];
T. risorius, a cage-bird, [341];
T. rostratus, [341];
T. senegalensis, [342];
T. semitorquatus, [341];
T. tigrinus, [341]
T. delegorgii, [343];
T. iriditorques, [343];
T. sharpii, [343]
Turumti, [178]
T. eduardi, [533];
mimicry, [533]
Tympanic cavity, [11]
Tympaniform membrane, [13], [21]
Tympanistria, [327];
T. bicolor, [339]
Tympanuchus, air-sacs, [201];
T. americanus, [235];
T. cupido, [235];
T. pallidicinctus, [235]
Tyrannidae, [469], [473], [479], [494];
habits, [475] f.
Tyranninae, [473] f.
Tyrannulus, [474]
T. pipiri, [474]
Tyrant-bird, habits, [475] f.
Tystie, [319]
Uintornis, fossil, [465]
its quills, [22]
Umbrette, [70]
Unfeathered spaces, or apteria, [2]
Uncinate process, of ribs, [6], [7];
absent in Archaeopteryx, [23];
in Palamedeidae, [108]
Upper arm-bone, [8]
Upucerthia, [486]
Upupa africana, [397];
U. indica, [397];
U. marginata, [397];
U. somalensis, [397]
habits, [395] f.
Uratelornis, [378];
U. chimaera, [378]
Uria, [315];
fossil, [321];
U. arra, [320];
U. brünnichi, [319];
U. californica, sub-species, [319];
U. troile, [319]
Uroaëtus, [146];
U. audax, [163]
Urobrachya, [577]
Urodrepanis, [569]
Urogalba amazonum, [446];
U. paradisea, [446]
Uroleuca, [552]
Uropelia campestris, [340]
Uropygium, [20]
Urospatha martii, [380] f.
Urosticte, [427]
Urubitinga anthracina, [168];
U. zonura, [167]
Vanellus, [268]-[270], [274] f.;
V. cayennensis, [275];
V. chilensis, [275];
V. coronatus, [275];
V. cristatus, [275];
V. inornatus, [275];
V. melanopterus, [275];
V. resplendens, [275]
Vanes, [2]
Vanga, [533]
Vaulted, of tail, [22]
Vent, [20]
Ventral, [22]
Ventriculus, [12]
Verreaux, on Secretary-bird, [142] n.
Verreauxia, [464]
Vertebrae, cervical, dorsal, sacral, pelvic, caudal, [5] f.;
of Woodpecker, [6]
Vertebral Column, [5]
Vertebrarterial foramen, [6]
Vertebrata, difference of Birds from other, [1] f.
Vertex, [20]
Vexillum, [2]
V. principalis, [577]
Viduinae, [576] f.
Vigors, on Toucan, [454] n.
V. australis, [349];
V. crassirostris, [349];
V. waalia, [349]
Vireo, [536]
Vireolanius, [536];
V. melitophrys, [536];
V. pulchellus, [536]
Vireonidae, [536]
Vireoninae, [531]
Vireosylvia, [536]
Vizor-bearer, [432]
Vogt, on Archaeopteryx, [23] n.
Voice-muscles, [13]
Voice, organs of, [12] f.
Volatinia, [585]
Vomer, [11]
Vorondreo, [378]
Vosmaer, on Secretary-bird, [141]
Vultur, [143];
fossil, [145];
V. cinereus, [143];
V. monachus, [143]
Bearded, [150];
Black (of New World), [138], [140];
Black (of Old World), [143], [145] n.;
Californian, [139];
Eared, [144];
New-World, [137] f.;
habits, [137] f.;
Pondicherry, [144];
White-backed, [145]
Vulturidae, [137], [143] f., [150], [151]
Wagner, on Archaeopteryx (Griphosaurus), [23]
Wagtail, [498] f.;
habits, [500] f.;
moult, [5];
Blue-headed, [500];
Grey, [500];
White, [500];
Walghvogel, [329]
Wallace, on Geographical Distribution, [15] f.;
on Birds of Paradise, [543] n., [550];
on Humming-birds, [432]
Walpole, on Didunculus, [332]
Warbler, [513];
habits, [517] f.;
American, [573] f.;
Black-cap, [517];
Black-and-White, [574];
Garden-, [517];
Savi's, [518];
Sedge-, [517];
Willow-, [517];
Wood-, [517]
Warrior, [437]
Water-Cock, [249]
Water-hen (= Moor-hen) loses wing-quills simultaneously, [4] n.
Waterton, on Humming-birds, [432]
Wattle-bird, [566]
Wavy, [133]
Wax-like tips to feathers, [3]
Weaver-bird, [368], [576] f., [577];
habits, [578] f.
Webs, of feathers, [2];
of toes, [10];
in Alcidae, [315];
in Anatidae, [112];
in Colymbidae and Podicipedidae, [49];
in Laridae, [301];
in Limicolae, [269];
in Steganopodes, [71]
Whale-bird, [66]
Whale-head, [93]
Whaup, [287]
Whew, [126]
Whimbrel, [288] f.
Whip-poor-Will, [417]
Whip-Tom-Kelly, [536]
White colour in Birds, its nature, [3] n.
White, on Furnarius, [486]
White Crow, [145]
White-eye, [568]
White-throat, [517]
Whitmee, on Didunculus, [332]
Whooper, [135]
Whymper, on Condor, [138]
Wideawake Fair, [312]
Widow-bird, [577]
Wigeon–see Duck
Willet, [284]
Willock, [319]
Wilson, A., on Humming-birds, [432];
on Passenger Pigeon, [342]
Wilson, S. B., and Evans, on Drepanididae, [562] n.;
on Meliphagidae, [568] n.
Windpipe, use and formation, [13]
Wing, [8]
Wing-coverts, [20]
Wing-quills–see Quills
Wing-spurs, [9]
Wire-bird, [274]
Wires, of Birds of Paradise, [3], [545] f.
Witthoos, figure of Didus borbonicus, [330]
bill, [11]
Wood-Hen, [247]
Wood-Mason, on Rhynchaea, [292] n.
Woodpecker, [149], [445], [457] f.;
bill, [12];
habits, [458] f.;
vertebra, [6];
Californian, [461];
Great Black, [463];
Green, [460];
Ivory-billed, [463];
Pileated, [463];
Wood-Swallow, [530] f.
Wren, [426], [519], [521] f., [521];
Bush-, [472];
Rock-, [472]
Wrist, [8]
Wryneck, [445], [457], [459], [464] f., [465]
Xanthocephalus, [581]
Xanthochroism, [4] n.
Xanthocorys, [499]
Xantholaema haematocephala, [449]
Xanthomelus, [550];
X. aureus, [548]
Xanthomixis, [503]
Xanthura luxuosa, [554]
Xema, [301];
X. furcatum, [310];
Xenerpestes, [484]
Xenicus, [472];
X. gilviventris, [472];
X. longipes, [472]
Xenocichla, [505]
Xenopipo atronitens, [478]
X. polleni, mimicry, [533]
Xenopsaris, [482]
Xenorhynchus, fossil, [99];
X. australis, [98]
Xipholena, [480];
X. pompadora, [480]
Yaffle, [460]
Yarrell's British Birds, [212] n., [285] n.
Yellow colour in Birds, its nature, [3] n.
Yellow Hammer, [584]
Yellowshank, [283] f.
Yelper, [278]
Young, moult late, [4];
in Turdinae and Sylviinae, [513];
of Megapodiidae fly early, [191]
Zanclostomus, [351]
Zapornia, [246];
Z. pumilus, [89]
Zenaida, [326], [328], [334], [342];
Z. amabilis, [342]
Zenaidura, [327];
Z. carolinensis, [342]
Zeocephus, [507]
Zietz–see Stirling
Zonaeginthus bellus, [577]
Zonerodius heliosylus, [90]
Zonibyx, [272]
Zonotrichia, [586]
Zoomelanin, [3] n.
Zoonerythrin, [3] n.
Zoothera, [510]
Zooxanthin, [3] n.
Zosteropidae, [568]
Zosterops, [568];
Z. caerulescens, [568];
Z. japonica, [568];
Z. lateralis, [568];
Z. simplex, [568]
Zygodactylous feet, [10];
in Cuculiformes, [351];
in Picidae, [457]
END OF VOL. IX
THE CAMBRIDGE NATURAL HISTORY.
Edited by S. F. Harmer, Sc.D., F.R.S., Fellow of King's College, Cambridge, Superintendent of the University Museum of Zoology; and A. E. Shipley, M.A., Fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge, University Lecturer on the Morphology of Invertebrates.
To be completed in Ten Volumes. 8vo. Price 17s. net each.
Intended in all respects to be a Standard Natural History accurate enough to be of use to the Student, and at the same time popular enough for the general reader who desires trustworthy information as to the structure and habits of all members of the Animal Kingdom, from the Protozoa to the Mammals. The Volumes are fully illustrated by original figures drawn where possible from nature. When complete the Series is one which should be indispensable in all Libraries, whether public or private.
NOW READY. VOLUME II.
WORMS, LEECHES, ETC.
Flatworms. By F. W. Gamble, M.Sc. Vict., Owens College. Nemertines. By Miss L. Sheldon, Newnham College, Cambridge.–Thread-worms, etc. By A. E. Shipley, M.A., Fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge.–Rotifers. By Marcus Hartog, M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, D.Sc. Lond., Professor of Natural History in the Queen's College, Cork.–Polychaet Worms.–By W. Blaxland Benham, D.Sc. Lond., Hon. M.A. Oxon., Aldrichian Demonstrator of Comparative Anatomy in the University of Oxford.–Earthworms and Leeches. By F. E. Beddard, M.A. Oxon., F.R.S., Prosector to the Zoological Society, London.–Gephyrea, etc. By A. E. Shipley, M.A., Fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge.–Polyzoa. By S. F. Harmer, M.A., Fellow of King's College, Cambridge.
CAMBRIDGE REVIEW.–"Several of the groups treated of in this volume are unknown by sight even to the general reader, and possess no popular name whatsoever; and as only a few insignificant details are known of the habits of the animals composing them, their treatment in the volume before us has necessarily been to a large extent anatomical. This circumstance renders the book of especial value to students, more particularly as in some cases the articles on the groups in question are the first comprehensive ones dealing with their respective subjects.... Most of the articles are of a very high order of merit–taken as a whole, it may be said that they are by far the best which have as yet been published.... We may say with confidence that the same amount of information, within the same compass, is to be had in no other zoological work."
GUARDIAN.–"Taken as a whole, the articles are by far the best that have been written on their respective subjects, and the present volume will have a high value for zoological students besides its attractions for the general reader."
NATURAL SCIENCE.–"This second volume of the Cambridge Natural History is certain to prove a most welcome addition to English Zoological literature. It deals with a series of animal groups, all deeply interesting to the specialist in morphology; some important from their economic relations to other living things, others in their life-histories rivalling the marvels of fairy-tales. And the style in which they are here treated is also interesting; history and the early observations of the older writers lend their charm; accounts of habits and mode of occurrence, of life, in a word, from the cradle to the grave, are given in ample detail, accompanied by full references to modern and current literature. The whole is admirably illustrated."
MACMILLAN AND CO., Ltd., LONDON.
SHELLS.
NOW READY. VOLUME III.
Molluscs and Brachiopods. By the Rev. A. H. Cooke, M.A., A. E. Shipley, M.A., and F. R. C. Reed, M.A.
TIMES.–"There are very many, not only among educated people who take an interest in science, but even among specialists, who will welcome a work of reasonable compass and handy form containing a trustworthy treatment of the various departments of Natural History by men who are familiar with, and competent to deal with, the latest results of scientific research. Altogether, to judge from this first volume, the Cambridge Natural History promises to fulfil all the expectations that its prospectus holds out."
FIELD.–"We know of no book available to the general reader which affords such a vast fund of information on the structure and habits of molluscs."
KNOWLEDGE.–"If succeeding volumes are like this one, the Cambridge Natural History will rank as one of the finest works on natural history ever published."
ATHENÆUM.–"The series certainly ought not to be restricted in its circulation to lecturers and students only; and, if the forthcoming volumes reach the standard of the one here under notice the success of the enterprise should be assured."
MANCHESTER GUARDIAN.–"We have only to congratulate the naturalists of Cambridge on the success of this first instalment of their new venture, and to express the opinion that, if the succeeding volumes are completed in the same style, the work will fill a distinct gap in zoological literature."
INSECTS AND CENTIPEDES.
NOW READY. VOLUME V.
Peripatus. By Adam Sedgwick, M.A., F.R.S.–Myriapods. By F. G. Sinclair, M.A.–Insects. Part I. By David Sharp, M.A. Cantab., M.B. Edin., F.R.S.
FIELD.–"Although written for the student and the specialist, the book is not the less adapted to all intelligent readers who wish to make themselves thoroughly acquainted with the habits, structure, and the modern classification of the animals of which it treats. To such it cannot be recommended too strongly."
SCIENCE GOSSIP.–"Every library, school, and college in the country should possess this work, which is of the highest educational value."
Prof. RAPHAEL MELDOLA, F.R.S., F.C.S., in his Presidential Address to the Entomological Society of London, said:–"The authors of this volume are certainly to be congratulated upon having furnished such a valuable contribution to our literature. When its successor appears, and I will venture to express the hope that this will be at no very distant period, we shall be in possession of a treatise on the natural history of insects which, from the point of view of the general reader, will compare most favourably with any similar work that has been published in the English language."
ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE.–"We venture to think the work will be found indispensable to all who seek to extend their general knowledge beyond the narrowing influence of exclusive attention to certain orders or groups, and that it will take a high position in 'The Cambridge Natural History' series."
BIRDS.
NOW READY. VOLUME IX.
Birds. By A. H. Evans, M.A., Clare College, Cambridge. With numerous Illustrations by G. E. Lodge.
COMPLETE LIST OF SERIES.
VOLUME I.
Protozoa, Marcus Hartog, M.A., Trinity College (Professor of Natural History in the Queen's College, Cork); Sponges, W. J. Sollas, Sc.D., F.R.S., St. John's College (Professor of Geology in the University of Oxford); Jelly-fish, Sea-Anemones, etc., S. J. Hickson, M.A., Downing College (Beyer Professor of Zoology in the Owens College, Manchester); Star-fish, Sea-Urchins, etc., E. W. Macbride, M.A., St. John's College (Professor of Zoology, M‘Gill University, Montreal).
VOLUME II.
Flatworms, etc., F. W. Gamble, M.Sc. (Vict.), (Demonstrator and Assistant-Lecturer in Zoology in the Owens College, Manchester); Nemertines, Miss L. Sheldon, Newnham College; Thread-worms, etc., A. E. Shipley, M.A., Christ's College; Rotifers, etc., Marcus Hartog, M.A., Trinity College, D.Sc. (Lond.), (Professor of Natural History in the Queen's College, Cork); Polychaet Worms, W. B. Benham, D.Sc. (Lond.), Hon. M.A. (Oxon.), Aldrichian Demonstrator of Comparative Anatomy in the University of Oxford; Earth-worms and Leeches, F. E. Beddard, M.A. (Oxon.), F.R.S. (Prosector to the Zoological Society); Gephyrea, A. E. Shipley, M.A., Christ's College; Polyzoa, S. F. Harmer, M.A., King's College.
[Ready.
VOLUME III.
Molluscs, A. H. Cooke, M.A., King's College; Brachiopods (Recent), A. E. Shipley, M.A., Christ's College; Brachiopods (Fossil), F. R. C. Reed, M.A., Trinity College.
[Ready.
VOLUME IV.
Spiders, Mites, etc., C. Warburton, M.A., Christ's College (Zoologist to the Royal Agricultural Society); Scorpions, Trilobites, etc., M. Laurie, B.A., King's College, D.Sc. (Edinb.), (Professor of Zoology in St. Mungo's College, Glasgow); Pycnogonids, etc., D'Arcy W. Thompson, C.B., M.A., Trinity College (Professor of Zoology in University College, Dundee); Crustacea, W. F. R. Weldon, M.A., F.R.S., St. John's College (Jodrell Professor of Zoology in University College, London).
VOLUME V.
Peripatus. A. Sedgwick, M.A., F.R.S., Trinity College; Centipedes, etc., F. G. Sinclair, M.A., Trinity College; Insects, Part I., D. Sharp, M.A., F.R.S.
[Ready.
VOLUME VI.
Insects, Part II., D. Sharp, M.A., F.R.S.
[Shortly.
VOLUME VII.
Balanoglossus, etc., S. F. Harmer, Sc.D., F.R.S., King's College; Ascidians and Amphioxus, W. A. Herdman, D.Sc. (Lond.), F.R.S. (Professor of Natural History in University College, Liverpool); Fishes, T. W. Bridge, Sc.D., Trinity College (Professor of Zoology in the Mason University College, Birmingham).
VOLUME VIII.
Amphibia and Reptiles, H. Gadow, M.A., F.R.S., King's College.
VOLUME IX.
Birds, A. H. Evans, M.A., Clare College. With numerous Illustrations by G. E. Lodge.
[Ready.
VOLUME X.
Mammals, F. E. Beddard, M.A. (Oxon,), F.R.S. (Prosector to the Zoological Society).
MACMILLAN AND CO., Ltd., LONDON.