SECT. LXVIII.—ON SCIRRHUS AND SCLEROMA.
The uterus becomes scirrhous, sometimes all at once without any preceding complaint, but most frequently after having been preceded by inflammation, which has neither been resolved nor converted into an abscess. The disease called scleroma is a species of scirrhus, most frequently forming about the neck of the womb, and having also some swelling, but less resisting, and attended with moderate pain. These are accompanied with displacement to the opposite parts, swelling powerfully resisting in proportion to the pain, with heaviness and difficulty of motion, not of the limbs only but of the whole body, and aversion to exertions. When not properly cured, a dropsical cachexia supervenes. In the commencement we must have recourse to venesection, or purging with the hiera of Archigenes; then to cataplasms of dried figs, grease of wool, nitre, or wormwood, and cupping with scarifications; and to the soothing ointments (malagmata), namely the Polyarchium, that from seeds, and that from bay-berries; to hip-baths prepared with the decoction of dried figs, mugwort, pennyroyal, and marshmallows; to pessaries of turpentine, galbanum, myrrh, iris, and the grease of wool; to dropaces and the use of the natural baths, namely, the nitrous and bituminous. When the strength permits, a course of hellebore may also be tried.
An emollient pessary. Of Pontic wax, of nard ointment, of each, oz. iij; of the ointments of iris, that of privet, and that called Gleucinum, of each, oz. ij; of the grease of bears and geese, of butter, of the sordes of unwashed wool, of stags’ marrow, of turpentine, of each, oz. j.—Another: Of poley, dr. ij; of myrrh, dr. iv; having triturated with Mindesian wine, and mixed it with Irinum, give to be applied.—Another: Of Tuscan wax, of the fat of calves, of turpentine, of stags’ marrow, of Attic honey, of old oil, equal parts. The following is an alterative which answers also for inflation: Of the dried white grape without its stones, oz. iij; of the leaves of the green rue, oz. ij; of sea water, oz. iss; of cumin, dr. iv; of honey, q. s.; having anointed the pessary, dip it in the oil of privet, and apply. And the pessary called golden, the Libanian, and the Enneapharmacus suit well with this affection; but the Titian is more particularly applicable.
Commentary. Our author’s account of these diseases is taken from Aëtius, who professes to copy from Soranus the Methodist. None of the other authorities has treated of them so fully. Bernard justly remarks (ap. Nonni Ep. 208) that if the ancients had not been familiar with inspectiones cadaverum, they could not have described the diseases of particular parts of the uterus so accurately as they have done. Actuarius briefly states that scirrhus of the uterus is to be treated by applications of a digestive and emollient nature, namely, emollient oils and fats, mixed with such things as galbanum, bdellium, and the like.
Of the Arabians, Avicenna is the most minute, but his treatment is borrowed from the Greeks. Haly Abbas remarks that scirrhus has a tendency to terminate in dropsy, and it is attended with sallowness, weakness, loss of appetite, amenorrhœa, swelling of the breasts and belly. His remedies are similar to those for cancer.
See an interesting account of this disease by Lodovicus Mercatus (ap. Gynæcia, 951.)