CONTENTS

Page
Publisher’s Preface[v]
Author’s Preface, to the First Edition[ix]
Author’s Preface, to the Second and Third Editions[xi]
Summary of Contents[xvii]
Steppes and Deserts[1]
Illustrations and Additions[22]
Cataracts of the Orinoco[153]
Illustrations and Additions[174]
Nocturnal Life of Animals in the Primeval Forest[191]
Illustrations and Additions[202]
Hypsometric Addenda[204]
Ideas for a Physiognomy of Plants[210]
Illustrations and Additions[232]
On the Structure and Mode of Action of Volcanos in different parts of the Earth[353]
Illustrations and Additions[376]
Vital Force, or The Rhodian Genius[380]
Illustration and Note[386]
The Plateau of Caxamarca, the Ancient Capital of the Inca Atahuallpa, and First View of the Pacific from the Ridge of the Andes[390]
Illustrations and Additions[421]
Index[437]

FAC-SIMILE OF THE HAND-WRITING OF BARON HUMBOLDT.
EXTRACTS OF A LETTER TO THE PUBLISHER.