FOOTNOTES:
[1] “History of the Ottoman Empire,” vol. ii. p. 356.
[2] “La Motraye,” La Haye, 1727, vol. i. pp. 383, 462.
[3] See the “Relation du Baile Garzoni,” of 1586.
[4] See Gervinus’ “Insurrection et Régéneration de la Grèce,” vol. i. p. 16.
[5] Pozzo di Borgo to Count Nesselrode, November 1828.
“The First Dragoman of the Russian Embassy to Mahmoud Nedim.[A]
“My Dear Highness,—I have communicated the observations of your Highness to His Excellency the Ambassador, who has assured us in his reply that he will use his influence to arrest the Herzegovinian insurrection. No one desires more earnestly than ourselves the success of Your Highness’ projects.
“Your Highness may give the necessary assurances to whom they may concern.” (1873).
[Taken from a pamphlet called “Ussi Inkillab,” which was published at the beginning of the reign of Abdul Hamid—an interesting document in proving this fact.]
[A] Nineteenth Century, January 1903.
[7] See Appendix.—“Bulgarian Atrocities.”
[8] See Appendix—“Bulgarian Atrocities.”
[9] See Appendix.
[10] Nineteenth Century, February 1888.
[11] Boat.
[12] Nineteenth Century, January 1903.
[13] “Blue Book,” Turkey, 2, No. 105.
[14] Nineteenth Century, February 1888, p. 279.
[15] Although a man of this description, unfit for Parliament, was quite fitted to represent his Sovereign at one of the most important Courts of Europe.—Author.
[16] The Director‐General of official and private correspondence between the Palace and the Sublime Porte.
[17] Blue Book, Turkey, 2, 1877, No. 152.
[18] Nineteenth Century, January 1903.
[19] Blue Book, Turkey, 1, 1877, No. 985.
[20] Times, 10th February 1877.
[21] Mr Blunt, H.B.M. Consul at Salonica, addressed the following despatch to Lord Derby:—
“Salonica, 10th February 1877.
“My Lord,
* * * * *
“The leading men with whom I have conversed, and the people in general here, manifest much surprise and some irritation at the sudden dismissal of Midhat Pasha from the Grand Vizierate, in whom they had full confidence that he would carry out reforms.
“The prevailing impression here is, especially among the Turks, that the fall of this popular statesman has been prepared and effected by the Sultan’s immediate entourage.
“In case there is any demonstration at Constantinople, in favour of Midhat Pasha, the popular feeling at Salonica would, I think, coincide with it.[B]—I have, etc.,
“J. E. Blunt.”
[B] Blue Book, Turkey, 15, 1877, No. 171.
[22] At the accession of Abdul Hamid, he was his favourite First Secretary, and was thereupon appointed Grand Vizier.
[23] He had been Grand Vizier in the time of Abdul Aziz, and ruined the Empire by his wretched and Russophil policy.
[24] “Turkey. Constantinople, 11th May.—The doubts I expressed in a recent despatch, concerning the veracity of the chief witnesses in the enquiry about the death of Abdul Aziz, are being confirmed, and the Sultan now hesitates about bringing the affair before a public tribunal. Several important personages, who cannot be suspected of complicity, declare openly that the raising of the question was the result of an intrigue, and at the Palace the opinion is gaining ground that the matter will terminate with the degradation and exile of the Sultan’s two brothers‐in‐law, and the temporary imprisonment of their supposed accomplices, without any formal trial. When the enquiry was first instituted, an old and devoted friend of the dynasty reminded the Sultan of an unsavoury Turkish saying, equivalent to our proverb about the wisdom of letting sleeping dogs lie, and His Majesty has now reason to regret that he did not follow his advice.”—Times, 12th May (p. 5, col. 3).
[25] “Midhat Pasha, on taking refuge at the French Consulate, sent letters to all the other Consuls, requesting the protection of the Powers. The Consuls accordingly held a meeting, and decided to ask instructions from their respective Governments. The reason alleged by Midhat is that he is a victim of personal animosity, and that he is in danger of personal violence, but this ground of defence has been anticipated by the Imperial decision that the whole affair shall be submitted to the regular tribunal, the sittings of which will be public. His Majesty is evidently anxious that the whole matter should be thoroughly sifted, and for this purpose has appointed a sub‐commission to interrogate the native and foreign doctors who held the post‐mortem examination on the body of the late Sultan, as it has been rumoured that the medical report made at the time, is not quite in accordance with the testimony of certain witnesses recently examined. This procedure seems to remove effectually the danger of personal violence, which Midhat alleges as the reason for having put himself under foreign protection.”—Times, 19th May (p. 5, col. 4).
By Indo‐European Telegraph.
“Constantinople, 18th May.—On receiving instructions from his Ambassador, the French Consul at Smyrna requested Midhat Pasha to quit the Consulate, whereupon the latter proceeded to surrender himself to the Turkish Military Governor. A judicial enquiry will be commenced at Smyrna.”
“Turkey. Constantinople, 21st May.—Letters from Smyrna give some details concerning the arrest of Midhat Pasha. Between one and two o’clock on Tuesday morning he was awoke by a bugle‐call. He discovered that troops were advancing under the command of Hilmi Pasha, accompanied by one of the Sultan’s aides‐de‐camp, who had recently arrived from Constantinople. He at once suspected the motive of the nocturnal visit, and as a small body of soldiers were entering the courtyard, he made his escape by a door in the wall of the harem garden, and reached safely the French Consulate. At an early hour the Consul assembled his colleagues, and Midhat Pasha declared to them that he placed himself under the protection of the Powers. Then followed the interchange of despatches with Constantinople and Paris, which I have described in a previous telegram. Midhat Pasha declared that he had no wish to leave the country, and was ready to proceed to Constantinople if he could obtain the necessary guarantees that he would be fairly tried, but Hilmi Pasha thought it prudent to take precautionary measures against a second flight by preventing small boats from approaching that part of the quay. Meanwhile, the French Consul had received stringent orders to withdraw the temporary protection which he had afforded, and accordingly, after having again called his colleagues together, he formally surrendered the fugitive to the Military. Next morning the Minister of Justice arrived in a special steamer to make a judicial enquiry. Midhat Pasha is being carefully guarded in a room in the barracks.”—Times, 23rd May 1881 (p. 7, col. 2).
[26] The Sheik‐ul‐Islam Haïroullah Effendi, and the two brothers‐in‐law of Abdul Hamid—Damad Mahmoud Djelaleddin and Damad Nouri Pashas.
[27] Who had killed the Ministers in Midhat Pasha’s house in 1876.
[28] Times, 5th June 1882, page 8, col. 2.—“Constantinople, 3rd June. According to a despatch from Djeddah, the Dragoman of the British Consulate at that place has gone to Mecca, the bearer of a letter from the British Government to the Grand Shereef, expressing the friendly sentiments of England towards him, and asking for news of Midhat Pasha.
“The Grand Shereef, in reply, is stated to have assured the Dragoman that Midhat Pasha was in no danger of any kind. This step on the part of England has produced considerable sensation among the Arabs, who continue to attribute to the British Government designs of gaining ground and influence in Arabia.”
[29] Afterwards General of Division with title of Pasha, and transferred from Adrianople to Yemen.
[30] About midnight European time.
[31] The following is a list of the officers and men who assassinated Midhat, 29th Redjeb, 1301 of the Hegira, or 12th May 1883.
| Captain | Ibrahim | Circassian. | |
| Non‐Commissioned Officer | Lieutenant Nouri | Native of Coumla. | |
| Soldiers | |||
| 1st | Company of Foot | The Sergeant Ahmed | Native of Adremid. |
| 1st | ” | Coundirédji Ismail | xxx”xxxxYozgad. |
| 2nd | ” | Ahmed | xxx”xxxxKutahia. |
| 2nd | ” | Mehemet | xxx”xxxxKutahia. |
| 2nd | ” | Rédjeb | xxx”xxxxKumuljina. |
| 4th | ” | Osman | xxx”xxxxKara Hissar. |
| 2nd | ” | Berber Ismail[C] | xxx”xxxxAdrianople. |
The following persons were commissioned to deal with Mahmoud Pasha.
| Non‐Commissioned Officer | Lieutenant Memiche | Native of Sparta. | |
| Non‐Commissioned Officer | Lieutenant Mehemet | Eudemiche. | |
| Soldiers | |||
| 2nd | Company of Foot | The Sergeant Hassan | Native of Kutahia. |
| 2nd | ” | The Sergeant Suleiman | xxx”xxxxKara Hissar. |
| 4th | ” | Corporal Mehemet | xxx”xxxxAntalia. |
| 1st | ” | Osman Baltadji | xxx”xxxxKara Hissar. |
| 1st | ” | Ahmed | xxx”xxxxTchoroum. |
| 1st | ” | Ali (Roumelian) | xxx”xxxxSamanli‐Kieuï. |
| 4th | ” | Berber Mustapha | xxx”xxxxDimétoka. |
| 4th | ” | Ali | xxx”xxxxZile. |
[C] These soldiers belong to the conscription of 1296 S.T. except the one who belongs to 1300 S.T.
[32] Turkey, 3, 1876, No. 422.
[33] Ibid., 3, 1877.
[34] Turkey, 3, 1876, Nos. 529 and 530.
[35] Turkey, 3, 1876, No. 1.
[36] Turkey, 1, 1877, Incl. No. 554.
[37] Ibid., No. 559.
[38] Ibid., No. 452.
[39] Ibid., Incl. No. 479.
[40] Turkey, 1, 1877, No. 452.
[41] Ibid., No. 197.
[42] Ibid., 1, 1877, No. 325.
[43] Ibid., No. 324
[44] Ibid., 1, 1877, No. 564.
[45] Ibid., Nos. 470 and 498.
[46] Ibid., No. 508.
[47] Turkey, 1, 1877, No. 516.
[48] Ibid., No. 540.
[49] Ibid., 1, 1877, No. 584.
[50] Ibid., 1, 1877, No. 612.
[51] Turkey, 1, 1877, No. 952.
[52] Turkey, 1, 1877, No. 986.
[53] Ibid., No. 952.
[54] Ibid., No. 950.
[55] Ibid., No. 950.
[56] Turkey, 1, 1877, Nos. 166 and 239.
[57] Ibid., 3, 1876, No. 23.
[58] Ibid., 1, No. 544.
[59] Ibid., 3, 1876, Nos. 459 and 517; and Turkey, 1, 1877, Nos. 551 and 898; and Turkey, 2, 1877, No. 27.
[60] Ibid., 1, 1877, Nos. 528, 541, 551, and 552.
[61] Ibid., 1, 1877, No. 52.
[62] Turkey, 1, 1877, No. 718.
[63] Blue Book, Turkey 2, 1876, No. 1.
[64] Blue Book, No. 2.
[65] Ibid., No. 32.
[66] Turkey, 2, 1876, No. 16.
[67] Ibid., No. 47.
[68] Turkey, 2, 1876, No. 70.
[69] Ibid., No. 71.
[70] Ibid., No. 63.
[71] Turkey, 3, No. 6.
[72] Turkey, 3, 1876, No. 11.
[73] Ibid., 3, 1876, No. 44.
[74] Ibid., 3, 1876, No. 121.
[75] Turkey, 3, 1876, No. 128.
[76] Ibid., 3, 1876, No. 130.
[77] Ibid., 3, 1876, No. 195.
[78] Turkey, 3, 1876, No. 221.
[79] Turkey, 3, 1876, No. 248.
[80] Turkey, 3, 1876, Incl. No. 313. (Lord Odo Russell pronounces this document authentic. 3rd July 1876, No. 363.)
[81] Ibid., 3, 1876, No. 185.
[82] Turkey, 3, 1876, No. 259.
[83] Turkey, 3, 1876, No. 51, Incl.
[84] Turkey, 3, 1876, No. 479.
[85] Ibid., 3, 1876, No. 491.
[86] Turkey, 3, 1876, No. 491.
[87] Turkey, 1, 1877, No. 674 Incl.
[88] Turkey, 3, 1877, No. 57 Incl.
[89] Ibid.
[90] Turkey, 3, 1876, No. 343, Incl.
[91] Ibid., 1, 1877, No. 24.
[92] Ibid., 3, 1876, Incl. 4 in 289.
[93] Ibid., 3, 1876, No. 289, Incl.
[94] Ibid., 5, 1876, Incl. 1 in No. 18.
[95] Ibid., 5, 1876, Incl. 2 in No. 21.
[96] Turkey, 1, 1877, Incl. in No. 222.
[97] Ibid., 5, 1876, No. 22.
[98] Ibid., 3, 1876, No. 252.
[99] Ibid., 3, 1876, No. 273, Incl.
[100] Ibid., 3, 1876, No. 315, Incl.
[101] Turkey, 1, 1877, No. 221.
[102] Ibid., 3, 1876, No 513.
[103] Ibid., 5, 1876, No. 24.
[104] Turkey, 3, 1876, No. 538.
[105] Ibid., 1, 1877, No. 539.
[106] Ibid., 686.
[107] Turkey, Incl. in No. 687.
[108] Ibid., Incl. in No. 961.
[109] Ibid., 2, 1877, Incl. in No. 179.
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