Domestic Life in Virginia in the Seventeenth Century

by Annie Lash Jester

Tombstones

The well-to-do planters or their families invariably saw that appropriate tombstones with proper inscriptions—lengthy ones, characteristic of the day—were duly placed. Some of these stones remain with barely legible inscriptions; others, the inscriptions on which, fortunately, were copied in a past era, have disappeared altogether. The oldest tombstone in Virginia with a legible inscription is that of Mrs. Alice Jordan at "Four Mile Tree" in Surry County. The inscription, reciting that she was the wife of George Jordan, gives praise in verse to her virtues.

Photo by Flournoy, Virginia State Chamber of Commerce
Four Mile Tree—Surry County
A seventeenth-century home was the basis for this present structure located on a portion of a 2250 acre grant to Henry Browne in 1637. The estate remained in the family for two hundred years. In the adjacent graveyard may be seen the oldest tomb in Virginia with a legible inscription, that of Alice (Miles) Jordan, who died in 1650.

Tombstones in the seventeenth century were real memorials, often giving parentage of the deceased, the name of wife or husband and the number of children. Furthermore, there was, as aforesaid, a eulogy of the deceased and, for men, an account of public service rendered.

With a great deal of pride in family background, those Englishmen in Virginia, whose families were entitled to bear arms, invariably had these cut upon the stones along with the lengthy inscriptions. The stones were ordered from England. As previously mentioned, Mrs. Sarah Yeardley, in 1657, directed that her executor sell her jewels and purchase in England stones for herself and her second husband. Her son, by the first husband, Adam Thoroughgood II of Lower Norfolk County, was equally zealous that proper memorials be placed and directed his executrix (wife), in his will, dated 1679, to have his body interred in the Church at Lynnhaven, and "cause a tombstone of marble to be sent for, with coat of arms of Sir George Yeardley [his wife's father] and myself." Unfortunately, these tombs together with the site of the old Lynnhaven Church, have been washed beneath the waters of Lynnhaven Bay.

The tombstones bearing coats of arms of George Read deceased, 1671 and his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Nicolas Martiau, uncovered during excavations at Yorktown in 1931 were removed to the graveyard surrounding Christ Church. The inscriptions, badly worn, were recut with information then in hand; however, the dates since have been found to be slightly in error. The tombstone of William Cole II, Secretary of State for the Colony, 1690, erected after his death, 1694, at "[Bolthrope]," bore the Cole coat of arms, accompanied by a lengthy inscription, reciting in part that the deceased was "unspotted on the bench, untainted at the bar." Unfortunately, when the graveyard lay neglected for many years and overgrown with vines, other ancient stones, placed there, were broken and portions of them, from time to time, carried away by fishermen to be used as mooring stones for their boats.

Theodorick Bland, deceased, 1671, was buried in the old churchyard now adjacent to the garden at "Westover." The inscription in Latin on his tombstone recites that it was erected "by his most disconsolate widow, a daughter of Richard Bennett Esq." Lewis Burwell, deceased 1653, was buried at his plantation, "Fairfield," in Gloucester County, and the tombstone erected to his memory, bearing arms, recited that he was descended from the ancient family of Burwell of Bedford and Northampton, England.

The tomb of Alice (Lukin) Page, wife of Colonel John Page, stands facing the west entrance to Bruton Parish Church in Williamsburg and is unique in that it bears the Lukin arms alone, indicating that the deceased was the sole heir of her father and thus entitled to his arms. Otherwise, the arms cut upon her stone would have been quartered with those of her husband.

The inscription on the tombstone of Edward Digges, buried on the "E D Plantation" (later, "Bellefield"), 1676, recited that he was the father of six sons and seven daughters. The broken tomb of Major Miles Cary I in a secluded spot in the area of his former plantation, "Windmill Point," in Warwick, was restored some years ago. The inscription relates, in part, that he was killed by the Dutch, during a foray which they made into Hampton Roads in 1667.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bruce, Philip A. Economic History of Virginia in the Seventeenth Century. New York, Macmillan, 1895. 2 vols.

Hening, W. W. Statutes at Large of Virginia, 1619-1792. 13 vols.

Jester, Annie Lash, and Martha Woodroof Hiden. Adventurers of Purse and Person, Virginia, 1607-1625. Printed by Princeton University Press. 1956.

Smith, John. Travels and Works. Edited by Edward Arber. Introduction by A. G. Bradley. Edinburgh, 1910. 2 vols.

Stanard, Mary N. The Story of Virginia's First Century. Philadelphia. 1928.

Strachey, William. The Historie of Travell into Virginia Britannia. Edited by Louis B. Wright and Virginia Freund. London. 1953.

Virginia, Colony. Council and General Court Minutes, 1622-32, 1670-1676. Edited by H. R. McIlwaine. Richmond. 1924.

Virginia Company of London. Records. Edited by Susan Myra Kingsbury. Washington, 1906-1935. 4 vols.

Virginia County Court Records. Manuscript volumes in Archives Division, Virginia State Library, passim.

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INDEX

Accawmack, [19]
Allen, Arthur, [24];
John, [30]
Allerton, Mr., [70]
America, [20]
Anne and Mary, [41]
Apooke (tobacco), [5]
Appomattox River, [19]
Archer's Hope, [22]
Armor, [16], [64]
Arms, [16], [33], [38], [55], [64];
see also Firearms
Artisans, [29], [30], [50], [51]
Assembly 1619, [61]
Atkins, John, [55]
Aubrey, Richard, [68]
Back River, [19];
Northwest Branch of, [19]
Bacon, Nathaniel, [65], [69], [74]
"Bacon's Castle," [24]
Bacon's Rebellion, [24], [35], [46], [60], [69], [70], [75]
Bandoleers, [17], [64]
Barker, William, [20]
Bates, John, [28]
Bathing facilities, [55]
Bayly, Mary, [48]
Beds and bedding, [27], [33], [37], [40], [53], [54]
Beheathland, Dorothy, [9];
Mary, [9];
Robert, [9], [67]
"Bellefield,"[82];
see also "E D Plantation"
Bennett, Edward, [48];
Richard, [23], [82]
Berkeley, Governor Sir William, [11], [23], [35], [46], [58], [60], [69]
Berkeley Hundred, [11];
settlement of, [12]-[14]
Bermuda Islands, [4], [6], [30]
Bernard, Mistress Beheathland, [67];
Mrs. Mary, [67];
Captain Thomas, [22]
Biggs, Richard, [8]
Blakeney, Norfolk, England, [31]
Bland, Giles, [46];
John, [46];
Mrs. Sarah, [45], [46];
Theodorick, [46], [82]
Blaney's, Mr., [16]
Blessing, [6]
Blount, Humphrey, [26]
Blount Point, [23]
Boats: barks, shallops, skiffs, sloops, [17], [36], [59], [79]
"Bolthrope," [42], [81]
Boyse, Alice, [61]
Bradshaw, John, [76]
Branch, Benjamin, [24]
Bray, Arthur of London, [43]
"Bremo," [77], [78]
Brew houses, [73]
Brick, earliest mention of, [7], [21]
Bridger, Elizabeth, [41];
Hester (Pitt), [35], [45];
Colonel Joseph, [34]-[41], [45], [55], [60], [68], [73];
Joseph Jr., [35];
Martha, [41];
Mary, [41]
British Public Record Office, [15]
Brocas, Captain, [23]
Bruton Parish Church, [78], [82]
Buck, Rev. Richard, [4], [20], [49]
"Buckland," [59]
Bullock, James, [71]
Burden, Mary, [43]
Burras, Ann, [1]
Burwell, Lewis, [82]
Bush, John, [16], [21]
Butler, Mrs. Amory, [52], [53], [67];
see also Underwood, Elizabeth
Byrd, William I, [34], [36]
Cahan, John, [36]
Calthrope, Anne, [32];
Christopher, [19], [31]-[34], [57];
Elinor, [32];
James, [33]
Candia, [18]
Carter, Giles, [77]
Carter family, [79]
Cary, Major Miles I, [82]
Cattle, trade jewels for, [66]
Cavaliers, [58]

Chamberlaine, Major Thomas, [24]
Champion, John, [37]
Charles I, King, [2], [17], [58], [62]
Charles II, King, [63]
Charles City:
Corporation, [8], [10], [16];
County, [34], [45], [47], [59], [79]
Charles River Parish, [31], [43]
Charlton, Stephen, [58]
Chesapeake Bay, [15], [18], [19], [31]
Chew, John, [20], [42]
Chicheley, Sir Henry, [58]
Chickahominy Indians, [26]
Chickahominy River, [21]
Chiskiacke Indians, [26]
Chisman, Edward, [16];
Lieutenant John, [16]
Chisman's Creek, [32]
Christ Church (Yorktown), [81]
Christmas 1608, [68], [69]
Chuckatuck, [28], [29]
Chuckatuck Creek, [19]
Claiborne, William, [20]
Cocke, Richard, [76], [78];
Thomas, [29], [60];
Thomas Jr., [77]
Cockerham, William, [45]
Cole, Colonel William II, [23], [81]
College projected, [7]
Collins, John, [8];
Susan, [8]
Colonization, reasons for, [1]
Commonwealth (England), [62], [66]
Constable, Mrs. Rachel, [42]
Coopey, Anthony, [14];
Elizabeth, [14];
Joane, [14]
Copeland, Joseph, [29]
Corbin, Mr., [70]
Costumes, [61]-[65]
Crete, oil from, [18]
Crewes, James, [65]
Criollo, [25]
Croshaw, Major Joseph, [44], [64]
Crowder's, Mr., [16]
Culpeper, Frances, [42]
"Curowoak," [36]
Cutlery, [53]
Dade, Captain Francis, [34]
Dale, Sir Thomas, [7]
Davis, Captain James, [8];
Rachel, [8];
Thomas, [8]
Davison, Christopher, [55]
De La Warr, Lord, [6], [13], [54]
De Vries, Peter, [22], [57]
Deliverance, [6]
"Denbigh," [14], [23], [28], [58]
Digges, Edward, [82];
Mrs. Elizabeth, [50], [53], [55], [60], [67], [75]
Divorce, [46]
Dods, William, [50]
Draper, Mrs. Elizabeth, [66]
Drinking Habits, [72]-[76]
Ducking stool, [47]
Dunthorne, Thomas, [4], [20]
Dutch foray, [82]
Dutch Gap canal, [7]
Dutch traders, [15]
Eastern Shore, [12], [15], [19], [29], [43]
"E D Plantation," [75], [82]
Edwards, John, [49];
Margaret, [49]
Elizabeth City:
Church, [18];
Corporation, [3], [8], [10], [15], [16], [26], [31];
County, [32]
English, Richard, [48]
Epes, Mrs. Elizabeth (Worsham), [79];
Francis, [79]
Essex County, [68]
Evans, Peter, [77]
Fairfax, William, [20]
"Fairfield," Gloucester County, [82]
Falcon, [4]
Farrar, William, [4], [44], [45]
Farrar's Island, [7]
Fashions, [61]-[65]
Felgate, Philip, [63]
Felgate's Creek, [30]
Festivities, [68]-[72]
Finch, Frances, [14];
William, [14]
Firearms, [69], [79];
see also Arms
Fisher, John, [29], [73];
Philip, [29];
Thomas, [29]
Fishing, [71]
Fitzhugh, Sarah, [67];
William, [60], [64], [67]
Fleete, Mrs. Sarah, [43]
Flint, Mary, [8];
Captain Thomas, [8]
Flinton, Pharoah, [16]
Flood, Captain John, [14]
Flowerdieu, Temperance, [4]

Flowerdew Hundred, [22]
Food, preparation of, [55], [56]
Forest, Mrs. Lucy, [1], [3];
Thomas, [1]
Forest Primeval, [25]-[27]
Fort Henry, [31]
"Four Mile Tree," [81]
Fox, Major Richard, [58]
French Ordinary, [72]
Funeral Customs, [77]-[80]
Furniture, [53]-[55]
Gaming, [76], [77]
Gany, Anna, [47];
William, [47]
Gates, Sir Thomas, [6], [7], [73]
George, [8], [15]
Gerrard, Mr., [70];
Mrs. Rose, [67]
Gibson, Thomas, [53]
Gifford, Isabel, [14]
Glassmaking, [4]
Gloves: buckskin, cordovan, kid, [64]
Godwin, Thomas, [41], [42];
Martha (Bridger), [41]
Goldsmiths, [65], [66]
Goodale, "Goody," [47]
Gookin, Daniel, [19], [22], [48], [57];
John, [19], [22], [57], [65]
Gorsuch, Mrs. Anne, [34]
Greene, Joane, [13]
"Greenspring," [23], [29], [35], [46], [60]
Greville, Frances, [13]
Gundry, Anne, [45]
Hair Dressing, [62]
Hallom, Robert, [48];
William, [34]
Ham, Joseph, [26], [27], [52]
Hammond, Colonel Mainwaring, [58]
Hamor, Ralph, [20]
Hampton, [18], [68], [77];
see also Kecoughtan
Hampton Roads, [15]
Hansford, Charles, [72], [74];
Mrs. Elizabeth, [44];
family, [30]
Hatcher, Edward, [71]
Hatchments, [79]
Harris, Thomas, [59], [71];
Major William, [59]
Harvey, Captain John, [15], [20];
also Governor Sir John, [21]
Hay, William, [43]
Henrico:
Corporation, [10], [15], [16];
County, [24], [25], [59], [60], [71], [77], [79];
Town, [7]
Headrights, [8]
Heating facilities, [51]
Herring Creek, [47]
Hickman, William, [50]
Hobson, William, [30]
Hog Island, [48]
Holland, goldsmiths in, [65]
Holt, Randall, [48]
Homes, [3], [6], [7], [20]-[25], [55]
Honeywood, Colonel Philip, [58]
Hopkinson, Daniel, [18], [64], [77]
Horses, [59]-[61];
racing of, [71]
Horsmanden, Daniel, [34];
Ursula, [34];
Warham, [42]
Hospital, [7]
Hospitality, [57]-[59]
Hostelries, [57]
Household, [51]-[57]
Hunlock, Kathryne, [49]
Hunt, George, [42];
Rev. Robert, [4]
Hunting, [69], [70]
Ice house, [75]
Independent Planter, [27]-[30]
Indians, [26], [68], [69], [70]
Industries, [28]-[30]
Isle of Wight County, [8], [20], [21], [34], [35], [46], [50], [55], [60], [67], [77]
Jackson, Henry, [22]
James I, King, [64]
James City Corporation, [10], [16], [20], [22]
James River, [7], [15], [19], [21], [22], [23], [36], [41], [48], [57], [69], [78]
Jamestown, [1], [3], [4], [6], [7], [9], [17], [19], [21]-[23], [25], [58], [60], [68], [72], [75], [78];
Church, [54], [78];
Island, [20], [78]
Jeffreys, Sir Herbert, [69]
Jewelry, [65]-

[68]
Johnson, John, [20]
Jonathan, [10]
Jones, Morgan, [29]
Joones, Elizabeth, [4]
Jordan, Mrs. Alice, [81]

Jordan, Sisley (Ciceley), [4], [44];
George, [81];
Samuel, [44]
Kecoughtan, [15], [16], [18], [19], [21], [25], [68], [77]
Kemp, Richard, [21]
Key, Martha, [8];
Thomas, [8]
"Kingsland," [25]
Kingsmill, Richard, [22]
Kitchens, [55], [56]
Kneaton, Augustine, [30]
Land, private ownership of, [8]
Lane, Thomas, [36], [37]
Langley Air Force Base, [19]
Laundering, [56], [57]
Laydon, John, [3]
Lear, Elizabeth (Bridger), [41];
Thomas, [41]
Lee, Mr., [70]
Lighting facilities, [51], [52]
Ligon, Richard, [60], [71]
"Littletown," [23], [57]
Llewellyn, Daniel, [34], [45], [65]
Lockey, Edward, [44]
London, [11], [18], [22], [37], [43], [45], [55], [64], [66]
London Merchant, [10]
Louis XIV, [63]
Louisiana, [25]
Lower Norfolk County, [21], [35], [47], [52], [55], [63]-[65], [76], [82]
Lukin arms, [82]
Lunsford, Sir Thomas, [58]
Lupo, Lieutenant Albiano, [8];
Elizabeth, [8]
Lynnhaven, [21], [47], [66], [81];
Bay, [81];
Church, [81]
Magazine Ships, [14], [15]
Maids for wives, [10], [11]
Malt-mill, [38], [73]
"Malvern Hill," [29], [71]
"Marie's Mount," [22]
Mariners Museum, [31]
Marmaduke, [11]
Marriage, contracts in, [42], [43];
first, [3]
Martiau, Nicholas, [50], [81]
Martin, Andrew, [71]
Martin's Hundred, [11], [16]
Maryland, [35]
Massacre 1622, [7], [13]
Matches, slow, [16], [64]
Materials, [33], [38], [39]
Mathews, Captain Samuel, [14], [16], [23], [48], [58]
Menefie, George, [9], [19], [20], [22], [57]
Middle Plantation, [69];
see also Williamsburg
Mihill, Edward, [43];
Mrs. Elizabeth, [43]
Mint julep, [75], [76]
Modé, Josias, [72]
Monmouth caps, [9], [12], [64]
Morris, Samuel, [71]
Moryson, Major Francis, [58]
Moseley, Arthur, [65];
Mrs. Susan, [65], [66];
William, [65]
Mulberry Island, [22], [23]
Musical Instruments, [72]
Muster 1625, [15]
Nansemond County, [28], [29], [35], [41];
see also Upper Norfolk County
Nansemond River, [19], [22], [23]
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, [19]
Negroes, [19], [26], [37], [50]
New Poquoson:
area, [26];
parish, [31], [33], [43]
New Poquoson River, [31]
New Town, [20]
Newport News, [11], [16], [19], [22], [57], [58]
Nickolson, Robert, [64], [67]
Ninepins, [76], [77]
Norfolk, [20], [25]
North Carolina, [32]
Northampton County, [49]
Northern Neck, [70]
Northumberland County, [30]
Nottoway region, [32]
Norwood, Colonel Henry, [58]
Offley, Sarah, [65]
"Okenneck," [29]
Old, Susan, [8]
Old Brick Church (St. Luke's), [34]

Old Christmas, [68]
Old Point, [5]
Orchards, [22], [23]
Orient, importations from, [40]
Pace, Izabella, [9];
Richard, [9]
Page, Alice (Lukin), [82];
Frances, [13];
Francis, [78];
Colonel John, [78]
Palisades, [16]
Palmer, Thomas, [47]
Pamunkey (York) River, [68]
Particular Plantations, [11], [12];
Supplies for, [12], [13]
Patience, [4], [6]
Pease Hill Creek Mill, [28]
Peirce, Joane, [6];
Mrs. Joane, [6], [22];
Captain William, [6], [22]
Peirsey, Abraham, [14], [20], [23], [66], [77];
Elizabeth, [66];
Mary, [66]
Peirsey's Hundred, [16]
Perry, Henry, [59];
Micajah, [36], [37];
William, [9]
Perry and Lane, [55]
Peru, [1]
Pettigrew, Andrew, [30]
"Pickthorn Farm," [29]
Pitt, Colonel Thomas, [37], [67]
Plantagenet, Beauchamp, [58]
Plantation Life:
Calthrope, [31]-[34];
Bridger, [34]-[41]
Planters, independence of, [27]-[30]
Pleasants, John, [37]
Pocahontas, [22]
Pollentine, Mrs. Rachel, [21]
Pooley, Rev. Greville, [44], [45]
Population 1625, [15]
Poquoson, [28];
see also New Poquoson
Poquoson River, [31];
New, [19];
Old, [19]
Pott, Doctor John, [20], [48]
Pottery kiln, [29]
Povey, Thomas, [46]
Powell, Colonel, [40];
Captain Nathaniel, [13]
Powhatan, [68]
Purefoy, Lieutenant Thomas, [31]
Ragg, Thomas, [32]
Rappahannock:
Church, [71];
County, [46];
River, [58]
Rathbone, Richard, [77]
Raymer, Adam, [14]
Read, Elizabeth (Martiau), [81];
George, [81]
Recreation, [68]-[72]
Reynolds, Christopher, [48]
Richmond County, [77]
Roanoke Island, [1]
Robins, Mary, [43]
Rolfe, John, [22];
Thomas, [22]
Rolfe House, [21]
Rookings, William, [24]
Rowles, Jane, [14];
Richard, [14]
Royalists, [2], [34], [58]
Royall, Joseph, [61]
St. Luke's Church, [34]
Salford, Joane, [8];
Robert, [8];
Sarah, [8]
Sandys, Sir Edwin, [10];
George, [16], [17], [57]
Savage, John, [43]
Scales, [18], [55]
Seaventure, [4], [6], [30]
Servants, [18], [19], [47]-[51], [80]
Sharpe, Robert, [77]
Sheild, Robert, [43]
Sheppard, Mrs. Elizabeth, [43], [45]
"Shirley," [79]
Silk culture, [17]
Skimeno, [28]
Slader, Mr. Mathew, [71]
Slaughter, Elizabeth, [46];
Francis, [46]
Smalcomb, John, [79]
Smith, Arthur, [45];
Arthur I, [67], [77];
Major John, [34];
John of Nibley, [12];
Captain Roger, [16];
Thomas, [67]
Smith's Fort Plantation, [21]
Smith's (Southampton) Hundred, [11]
Smyth, Richard, [76]
Snoden, Ann, [50]
Somers, Sir George, [6], [73]
Southampton Hundred, [11]
Southey, Thomas, [11]

Southward, [32]
Spanish settlement, [25]
Spence, Ensign William, [20]
Spencer, "Goody," [47]
Sports, [68]-[72]
Stafford County, [60]
Still, liquor, [29], [73]
Steelyards, [18], [55]
Stephens, Francis (Culpeper), [42];
Richard, [20];
Captain Samuel, [42]
Stewart, Charles, [77]
Stockade, [3]
Sturgeon, [5]
Supplies 1625, [16];
after 1625, [17]
Supply, [12], [13], [14]
Surry County, [21], [24], [35], [43], [44], [81]
Susan, [14], [15]
Swan, [4]
Swann, Colonel Thomas, [44];
family, [78]
"Swann's Point," [78]
Tableware and table linen, [52], [53]
Taylor, Dr. James, [46];
Stephen, [49]
Tenants of the Virginia Company, [9], [10]
The Hague, [66]
Thelaball, Mrs. Elizabeth (Mason), [55]
Thornton, Luke, [77]
Thoroughgood, Adam I, [21], [48], [65];
Adam II, [81]
"Thropland," [31]
Tibboth, Mary (Bridger), [41];
Richard, [41]
Tiger, [11]
Tockwough, [5]
Tombstones, [80]-[82]
Townshend, Richard, [48]
Tracy, Joyce, [13];
Mary, [13];
Thomas, [13];
William, [12], [13]
Travel, [59]-[61]
Travis family, [78]
Treasurer, [8]
Triall, [4]
Tristram and Jane, [18], [19], [22], [77]
Tuckahoe, see Tockwough
Turkey-work, [54], [55]
Underwood, Elizabeth, [46], [67];
Colonel William, [46]
Unity, [20]
Upper Norfolk County, [8], [35];
see also Nansemond County
Upton, Captain John, [35], [60]
Varina, Henrico County, [76]
Vehicles, [60]
Virginia Company, [9]-[11], [14]-[17], [26], [73];
land of, [10];
tenants of, [9]
Wagers, [71]
Walker, Colonel John, [43]
Warming pans, [27], [53]
Warren, Thomas, [21], [43]
Warriscoyack, [21];
see also Isle of Wight
Warriscoyack Indians, [26]
Warwick, [11]
Warwick:
City of, [31];
County, [9], [23], [28], [59], [82];
River, [14], [23], [42], [58]
Warwicktown, [25]
Watch, "pendilum," [68]
Water supply, [3], [4], [56]
Waters Creek, [28], [31]
Watts, Edmund, [74], [79]
Webb, Elizabeth, [14]
Werowocomoco, [68]
West, Nathaniel, [13]
West and Shirley Hundred, [8]
West Indies, [6], [37], [40], [73]
Westmoreland County, [29], [67]
"Westover," [82]
Westover, Court at, [47]
"White Marsh," [34]
Williamsburg, [78], [82];
see also Middle Plantation
Willoughby, Mrs. Sarah, [64]
Wills, John, [22];
family, [22]
Windmill, [22]
"Windmill Point," Warwick County, [82]
Womack, Alexander, [71]
Women, Status of, [41]-[47]
Wood, Abraham, [48]
Woodliffe, Captain John, [12]

Woodward, Sara, [45]
Woory, Mrs. Elizabeth, [55]
Wormeley, Colonel Christopher, [37];
Captain Ralph, [58]
Wormeley's Creek, [47]
Worsham, William, [79]
Yeardley, Colonel Francis, [65], [66];

Governor Sir George, [4], [10], [11], [21], [22], [78], [81];
Mrs. Sarah, [66], [81];
see also Offley
York:
County, [28], [30], [32], [33], [42], [44], [47], [50], [71], [72], [74], [75], [79], [80];
River, [31], [69];
see also Pamunkey River
Yorktown, [81]
Young, Richard, [23]

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