Index.
A
Aboite river, 35.
Act creating Illinois county, 9, 15.
Act enabling Illinois to form a state government, 115.
Agricultural Society, formed, 168.
Agriculture, 130, 165. See also Farming, Fruits, etc.
Albemarle county, Va., 153, 154.
Alton, founding of, 196, 204;
land donations for church and school, 142.
Alvord, Clarence W., 5.
American Bottom, 130, 134, 157; map, in pocket.
American Fur Company, 157, 158.
American House, Springfield, 207.
Anarchy in Illinois, 40 et seq.;
ended, 69.
Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, founded, 194.
Anderson, Robert, mention, 207.
Antanya, Michael, 67.
Anti slavery agitation. See under Slavery.
Anti slavery Society, Morgan Co., 183.
Arkansas Post, 63.
Arks, 125, 126;
price of, 161.
See also Flat-boats.
Assenisipia, mention, 46.
Augusta county, Va., 15.
Austin, Moses, 196.
B
Bagargon, Mr., elected magistrate, 61.
Baker, David J., 145.
Baltimore, 123, 160, 161.
Bandits, 155.
Bank of Cairo, 114.
Bank of Edwardsville, 207.
Bank of Mt. Carmel, 199.
Baptists, organized, 172;
found Shurtleff college, 174;
divided on slavery, 175.
Barbour, Philip, mention, 40.
Barges, 94, 129, 160.
Barter, 130. See also under Money.
Bates, Edward, 204.
Batteaux, 94.
Baynton, Wharton and Morgan, trading firm, 10.
Bears, 14, 173.
Beauchamp, William, 197, 198.
Beef, cost of, 164.
Bellefontaine, 51.
Bellevue, Iowa, terrorized by mob, 208.
Bentley, Capt., 26.
Biddle, Nicholas, mention, 209.
Biggs, William, leg. coun., 113.
Birds, 14.
Birkbeck, Morris, founds English settlement, 124;
method of fencing, 165.
Birkbeck's Settlement. See English Settlement, The.
Black Hawk, 81.
Black Hawk War, 146;
mention, 207.
“Black Laws,” 176, 186.
“Blue Laws,” of Mt. Carmel, 200.
Blue Point, 157.
Bond, Shadrach, delegate to Congress, 113;
governor of Illinois, 145, 208.
Books, 132.
Bosseron, Maj. F., 18, 24.
Bountylands. See Military bounty lands.
Brady, ——, 38.
Brandy, price of, 97.
Brashears, Capt., mention, 26.
Brick houses, 131.
Bridges, 114.
British at Michilimackinac attempt to divert Indian trade, 69;
expeditions against Illinois settlers, 31-39, 107.
British Michilimackinac Company, 49.
Buffalo, 14.
Building, cost of, 168.
Burr, Aaron, mention, 203.
Butter, price of, 164.
C
Cahokia, attacked by British and Indians, 33;
bounty lands, 57;
commons, 72;
court, 17;
distress at, 25;
population, 12.
Cahokia Indians, 53.
Cairo, Bank of, 114;
dykes at, 114.
Calhoun, original name of Springfield, 207.
Calico, price of, 130.
Calvé, ——, trader, 33.
Canadian French settlers, 19.
Canal route ceded, 110.
Carbonneaux, Francis, 42-46.
Carlyle, eastern limit of frontier, 107;
salt discovered, 18, 23, 171.
Carolinas, The, settlers from, 91.
Carondelet, Baron de, orders expulsion of Americans from Ft. Massac, 73.
Cartwright, Peter, journey to Baltimore, 1816, 123;
personal traits, 191, 192;
purchases land, 139;
reasons for moving to Illinois, 166;
representative from Sangamon Co., 191.
Cass, Gov. Lewis, averts Indian war, 135;
protects Galena, 150.
Catholicism, slow increase of, 175.
Cattle, allowed to run at large, 20;
raising of, 130.
See also Live-stock.
Census of 1801, 88.
Cessions of land, by Indians, 44, 79-81, maps, 72, 104, 136;
by individuals, 10, 24, 71, 196;
by Virginia to United States, 45, 46;
congressional, 57, 70, 72, 79.
Charleston, Va., emigration from to Illinois, 190.
Chicago, in 1830, 190;
massacre at, 109;
platted, 142;
post-office, 151;
route to, 152;
valuable port, 116.
Chicago Historical Society, 5, 11.
Chicago river, Indians cede tract six miles square at, 79.
Chickasaws, allies of Spain, 73.
Chippewa Indians, 134.
Cincinnati, trip from to Illinois, 1823, 154.
Clark, George Rogers, 14, 40, 45 et seq.;
land granted to, 46;
seizes Spanish goods, 54.
Clay, Henry, mention, 210.
Clergy, 174, 175, 196.
Climate, 95.
Clinton, De Witt, mention, 203.
Coal, in Illinois, 14, 131, 142, 165.
Cobbett, William, 160.
Coffee, price of, 130.
Coles, Gov. Edward, character, 210;
emancipates slaves, 209;
governor, 145, 208;
message against slavery, 183;
special envoy to Russia, 209;
urges law to prevent kidnapping, 182.
College township, reserved by Ordinance of 1787, 101, 102.
Colleges, McKendree, 174;
Shurtleff, 174.
Collot, Gen. [George Henry] Victor, “Journey in N. A.,” 14, etc.;
Map of the Country of the Illinois, in pocket.
Commerce in territorial period, 95, 96, 129.
Committee of Workingmen of Wheeling, Va., 144.
Commodities, prices of, 49, 59, 130, 164.
Commons, Cahokia, 72.
Congress, delegate of N. W. Territory in, 76. 77;
donates land, 142;
early Illinoisians in, 146;
memorialized:—by Galena, 150;
by Illinois, 87, 100, 101, 138;
petitioned, 53, 74, 75, 77, 78, 81, 86, 88.
Constitution of Illinois, provisions of, 117.
Constitutional Convention, 1824, 182, 183;
votes for and against, chart of, 184.
Cook, Daniel P., non-resident proprietor of Springfield, 205;
representative in Congress, 145.
Corn, price of, 96, 164.
Cotton, production of, in United States 122, 129;
raised in Illinois, 167, 168.
Counterfeiting, penalty for, 148.
Counties in Illinois, 1824, list of, 183.
Courts, 15, 17, 60, 62.
See also under Illinois, Kaskaskia, Vincennes.
Cox, Col. Thomas, joint owner of Springfield, 206-208.
Crawford, William Henry, Secretary of [pg 259] War, announces land policy, 109.
Crockett, David, mention, 205.
Croghan, George, description of Vincennes, 13.
Cruzat, Spanish Commandant at St. Louis, 39.
Cumberland Presbyterians, 143.
D
Dalton, Capt., 34;
elected magistrate, 61.
Dartmouth College, mention, 206.
Davis, Jefferson, mention, 207.
Deane, Silas, mention, 34.
Debtors, imprisonment of, 147.
Deer, 14.
Demoulin, Dumoulin, or De Moulin, John, 74.
Demunbrunt, Demunbrun, or De Munbrun, Thimothé, 22, 41.
Detroit, land office at, 80;
mention, 190;
threatened by de la Balme, 35, 36.
Dickinson College, mention, 210.
Dixon's ferry. See Ogee's ferry.
Dodge, Capt. John, 22-23, 26-27, 67.
Ducharme, trader, 33.
Ducoigne, ——, 68.
Duncan, Joseph, 145.
E
Easton, Joseph, emigrant from England, 1633, 203.
Easton, Rufus, founder of Alton, 203;
political career, 204.
Edgar, John, career of, 174, 193, 194;
correspondence concerning anarchy in Illinois, 67;
land holdings of, 10, 101;
letter to St. Clair, 85.
Edwards, Ninian, appointed governor of Illinois Territory, 111, 113, 145;
in War of 1812, 107, 108;
message of 1828, 149;
on prices of public lands, 138;
political career of, 210;
wages offered by, 130.
Edwards county, Birkbeck's settlement in. See English Settlement.
Edwardsville, Bank of, 207;
public lands at, 105, 137.
Ellery, Abm. R., mention, 203.
Emancipation. See under Slavery.
Emigration and immigration, 127, 176 et seq.;
causes of:—from New England, 120,
from the South, 121, 189;
cost of, 124;
food supply for emigrants, 119, 133;
increase, 180;
opposition to immigration, 91.
English Settlement, The, 124, 157, 161, 169;
cost of transportation to, 100;
ships produce to New Orleans 154.
See also Birkbeck, Morris; also Flower, George.
Enos, Pascal Paoli, joint proprietor of Springfield, 205, 206.
Enos, Maj.-Gen. Roger, 206.
Ernst, Ferdinand, mention, 167.
Extinguishment of Indian land titles, 77, 79, 81, 109, 144, 146.
F
Falls of Ohio, 30, 64, 65, 160, 162.
See also Ft. Harmar;
also Shipping-port.
Farming methods 168.
Federal Government owns land, 158.
Fencing, 165 n., 169.
Ferguson, Thomas, leg. coun., 13.
Ferries, 83, 114, 152.
Fever, 95.
See also under Health.
Fever river, 134;
lead mines at, 150.
Financial panic, 1819, 188-189.
Fisher, Dr. George, rep., 113.
Fisher, Myers, mention, 195.
Flat-boats, 94, 124, 125, 129, 154, 160.
See also Arks.
Flax, 129.
Florida, Province of, 71.
Flour, price of, 49, 50, 94, 163, 164.
Flour-mills, 167;
built by John Edgar, 193.
Flower, George, 124.
See also English Settlement.
Food, scarcity, 21-23, 25, 28, 30;
supply of, 133.
See also under names of food products.
Fort Chartres, cannon from, 108;
inhabitants, 12.
Fort Dearborn, massacre at, 109;
mention, 190.
Fort Edwards, terminus of mail route, 151.
Fort Harmar, 64.
Fort Jefferson, 24, 25, 30.
Fort La Motte, mention, 107.
Fort Massac, 73, 79, 95, 107.
Fort Nelson, mention, 32.
Fort Russell, established, 108.
Fort Stanwix, mention, 56.
Fort Wayne, Treaty of, 79.
Fox Indians, 33, 81.
Fox river, first flour-mill on, 167.
Franklin, Benjamin, mention, 34, 195.
Fredonian, mention, 197.
Free masons, organized, 194
Freehold qualifications, 77, 112, 113.
Freeholders, housekeepers privileged as, 147.
Freight charges, 94, 124, 160 et seq.
French, Augustus C., 145.
French settlers, attitude toward Americans, 47-49;
land holdings 13, 18, 99;
misled by La Balme, 34;
offered free land by Spanish, 55;
priests, emigrate from Illinois co., 68;
towns, character of, 11.
French-Swiss from Lord Selkirk's colony reach Galena, 172.
Frontier, The, 48, 91, 100, 147, 206;
Carlyle eastern limit of, 107.
Frontiersman, analysis of character of, 191, 201, 202.
Fruit, 129, 133, 168.
Fuel, scarcity of, 131.
Fulton county separated from Madison, 188.
Fur trade, 96.
See also American Fur Company.
Furs, 130.
G
Gage, Gen. Thomas, 10.
Galena, 150-53; lead-mining, 172.
Gallatin county, saline, 170;
slaves in, 180.
Game, 14, 51, 132.
Gamelin, Antoine, clerk of District Court, Post Vincennes, 60.
George, Capt. Robert, mention, 40.
Germain, Lord George, mention, 32.
Gibault, Father Pierre, mention, 68.
Governor and judges, 58, 62.
Grammar, John, rep., 113.
Grand Ruisseau, 52.
Granger, Postmaster-General Gideon, mention, 203.
Gratiot, Charles, 39.
Great Britain, King's proclamation, 1763, 10.
Great Western Road, 157.
Greene county, separated from Madison, 188.
Greenville, Treaty of, 79.
H
Hamilton, Alexander, 138;
mention, 91.
Hamilton, Gen., leads British against Vincennes, 15.
Hampden Sidney College, mention, 209.
Hamtramck, Maj. John F., at Kaskaskia, 53;
petitioned for troops, 65.
Hancock, John, mention, 34.
Harmar, Gen. Josiah, 50; advice to French, 52;
expedition from Vincennes to Kaskaskia, 51;
on emigration from Illinois, 64;
refuses request for troops, 69.
Harrison, Benjamin, 40;
receives petition for General Assembly, 85.
Health, 27, 91, 95.
Henry, Mr., elected magistrate, 61.
Henry, Patrick, 209;
instructions concerning Illinois County, 9.
Hinde, Thomas S., career in Illinois, 196, 197;
description of Peter Cartwright, 192.
Hog raising, 14, 20.
Hogs, 144.
Honey, 129, 130, 133.
Hooker, Rev. Thomas, founder of Hartford, Conn., 203.
Horse stealing, 65, 67, 69.
Hubbard, Adolphus Frederick, 210.
Hubbard, Gurdon Saltonstall, agent American Fur Company, 157.
Hubbard's Trail, extent of, 157.
Hunting, as occupation, 132.
Huron (Ouisconsin or Wisconsin) Territory, claims Galena, 150.
I
Iles, Elijah, career of, 205, 206.
Iles, Elizabeth Crockett, mention, 205.
Illinois:—
Country, British in, 10 et seq.;
climate, 14, 95;
Collot's description of, 14;
map, in pocket:
conditions in 1787, 50, 51;
development, 97, 98;
enters second grade of territorial government, 85, 86;
French population, 10, 12, 13, 30;
French settlers offered free land by Spanish, 55;
game in, 14, 51;
governor and judges, 58;
Indian owners of, 10 et [pg 261] seq.;
inhabitants of, 12, 13;
immigration to, 91, 92;
labor conditions in, 96, 97;
population in 1767, 1772, 1788, 70;
in 1790, 1800, 1810; 91, 97;
racial conflicts in, 54, 55;
rivers of, 92, 94;
roads, 13, 14, 93, 94, 131;
separation from Indiana, 85 et seq.;
squatters in, 71.
County (1778-1783), Act creating, 9, 15;
Act renewed, 25;
Act dissolved, 31;
anarchy, 40 et seq.;
anomalous position, 18;
bankrupt, 40;
civil organization, 15;
condition in 1780, 25, 26;
courts, 15;
extent of, 9, 10;
French inhabitants dissatisfied, 30;
hardships in early period, 21, 22;
judges, election of, 17;
military and civil authorities conflict, 25-27;
military operations, 19, 22-24, 32-39;
money scarce, 21;
Spanish claims, 38.
Territory, books in, 132;
boundaries, 90;
cattle raising, 130;
commerce in, 96, 129;
delegates in Congress, 113;
election of officials, 112;
enters second grade of territorial government, 112;
extent, 89;
formed, 89-90;
governor and judges, 111, 113;
immigration to, 120, 121, 124, 126, 132;
Indian troubles in, 106 et seq.;
internal improvements proposed, 114;
internal revenue, 1814, 128;
judges for, 111;
land office authorized, 103;
land policy, 111;
laws, 111, 112, 114;
legislature, 100, 113;
legislature southern in nativity, 112 n., 113;
manufactures, 1810, 128, 129;
newspapers in, 132;
petitions for state government, 115;
physical features, 86;
population, 1810, 91;
post-roads, 131;
productions, 129 et seq., 133;
qualifications for representative, 113;
slavery, see general alphabet;
suffrage in, 112;
taxes, 133;
transportation, 114, 129, 130.
State, admission proposed, 115, opposed, 118;
agriculture in 1820, 165;
“Black Laws,” 176, 186;
boundary, eastern, 90, northern, 115;
cattle raising, 130;
cessions of Indian lands, 134, 135;
coal in, 14, 142, 165;
constitution completed, 117;
cost of living in, 130;
counties, list of, 183;
debtors, 147;
election in 1822, 181;
election laws, 1826, 148;
emigration, see General alphabet;
Enabling Act of 1818, 115;
food supplies, 133;
government southern in character, 145;
governors, list of, 145;
House of Representatives, mention, 185;
in Congress, 118, 146;
Indian agents, 134;
Indian land claims, 134, 135;
Indian traders, 134;
Indian wars, 146, 207;
internal revenue, 128;
judicial circuit, 173;
land, see general alphabet;
laws, southern influence on, 186;
manners and customs, 128 et seq., 165;
manufactures, 128;
money, substitutes for, 130;
New Englanders in, 146;
newspapers, 132;
northern boundary changed, 115;
population required for admission, 116, 117;
postal facilities in, 151, 158, 159;
products of, 129, 167 et seq.;
public lands, 136;
salt springs legislation, 101;
school tax, 148;
senators and representatives, 145;
settlement typical, 5;
slavery, see general alphabet;
southern influence in, 183, 184, 186;
taxation, 1828, compared with that of Kentucky, 149, 150;
transportation, cost of, 150; facilities, 124, see also general alphabet;
treasury receipts 149;
squatter population, 148;
voting in 1820, 148.
Illinois and Michigan Canal, estimated cost of transportation by, 141;
route ceded, 110;
mention, 115.
Illinois Company, holdings of, 10, 44.
Illinois Herald, 132.
Illinois Intelligencer, 132, 140.
Illinois Land Company, 10 et seq.
Illinois river settlements, 134.
Illinois Navigation Company, 114, 115.
Illiteracy of French inhabitants, 13.
Immigration. See with Emigration.
Indentured servitude, 117, 176 et seq.
Indian agents, 134.
Indians, 11, 12;
employed by British, 32;
land cessions, maps: 1705-1801, 72;
1809-1818, 104;
1818-1830, 136;
reservations, 134, 135;
titles to land extinguished, 77, 79, 81, 109, 144, 146;
traders, 134;
tribes: Cahokias, 52;
Chickasaws, 73;
Chippewas, 134;
Foxes, 33, 81;
Kaskaskias, 12;
Kickapoos, 110;
Menominees, 134;
Mitchas, 52;
Mitchigamias, 12;
Ottawas, 135;
Ouias, 29;
Peorias, 12, 52;
Piankashaws, 81;
Potawatomies, 134;
Sauks, 33, 81;
Sioux, 31;
Tamarois, 110;
Winnebagoes, 135.
Indiana, population, 91, 181;
route to, from North Carolina, 156;
slavery, 185.
Indiana Territory, divided, 81, 88, 89;
formed, 84.
J
Jacksonville, 156;
English emigrants at, 189.
Jarrott's mill, 167.
Jefferson, Thomas, mention, 203, 204.
Johnson, Capt. elected magistrate, 61.
Johnson, Col. R. M., 163.
Jones, John Rice, career of, 195, 196;
death, 196;
mention, 68;
with Clark, 54.
Jones, Rev. William, rep., 113.
Judges, election of, 17, 58, 111.
Judy, Samuel, leg. coun., 113.
Jurors paid, 58.
Jury, trial by, 60.
Justices of the peace, not paid, 23.
K
Kane, Elias K., 145.
Kaskaskia, bounty lands, 57;
court, 17, 19;
judicial district of, 44;
land office at, 103, 136, 137, 138, 143.
Kaskaskia Indians, 12.
Keel-boats, 125, 129;
rates, 161.
Kenton, Simon, 179.
Kentucky, emigration to Illinois, 189;
journey from, to Illinois, 1819, 155;
mention, 21, 24, 32, 33, 189;
population, 1790, 1800, 1810, 91, 93;
1820, 181.
Kentucky boats, 93, 94.
Kentucky Gazette, 189.
Kickapoo Indians, 110.
Kidnapping of negroes, 186.
King's proclamation, 1763, 10.
Knox county, 75 n., 86.
Kohos (Cahokia), mention, 27.
L
La Balme, Col. Augustin Mottin de, career of, 33 et seq.
Labor questions, 96, 97, 99, 130, 169.
Lafayette, Marquis de, entertained by John Edgar, 193;
mention, 209.
Lake Michigan, advantages to Illinois of port on, 115, 116.
Land, Act of 1791, 72; canal, 141, 142;
cessions by Indian tribes, 72, 104, 110, 136;
cession by Virginia to U. S., 45, 46;
church and school, 141, 142;
classified for taxation, 84;
cultivation of, 166;
fertility of, 14, 165;
form of holdings, 13, 38;
French deeds to, 13;
government entry of, 130;
Kickapoo cession of, 1819, 134;
military, 100;
owned by Federal Government, 158;
prices, 57, 80, 88, 92, 103-5, 136-8, 143;
rental of, 166;
Spanish donate to French, 55;
tavern sites, 75;
taxes on, 130;
unoccupied in Kentucky, Ohio and Indiana, 98.
See also Public lands.
Land-claims, 10;
in Illinois, 140.
Land-companies, 10, 11.
Land-frauds, referred to Congress, 99, 100.
Land-grants, investigated, 57.
Land-holders, non-resident, mention, 140, 145.
Land-offices 80;
in Illinois, 44 et seq., 103.
Land-titles, insecure, 51, 71;
King's proclamation, 1763, 10.
Laws: “Black Laws,” 176, 186;
“Blue Laws,” 200;
territorial, 111-14.
La Valiniere, Pierre Huet de, mention, 68.
Lead, output of, 1823-1827, 151.
Lead region, rush to, 1826, 172.
Le Dru, removes to St. Louis, 68;
signs petition, 66.
Le Grand, signature on land grant, 45.
Legras, Col. P., at Vincennes, 18.
Limestone beds at Alton, 204.
Lincoln, Abraham, in Black Hawk War, 207.
Linctot, 38 n., 39 n.
Live-stock, 27, 83, 169. See also Cattle.
Log canoes, 93.
Log houses, cost of, 168.
Long Prairie, 74.
Louis XVIII. of France, mention, 209.
Louisiana, emigration to, 86;
province of, 91.
Louisiana Gazette, report of steamboat speed, 162.
Luzerne, Chevalier, 30, 36.
Lyon, Matthew, on price of lands, 88.
M
McCarty, Richard, 19, 20, 26, 27;
killed, 29.
McDowell, William, 196.
McIlvaine, Miss Caroline M., 5.
McKendree College, opened by Methodists in 1828, 174.
McLean, John, 145.
McMaster, John Bach, 5.
Madison, Governor of Kentucky, 197.
Madison, James, mention, 209.
Madison, John, 196.
Madison county, population 1820, 1824, 1825, 132, 188.
Magistrates, 59 et seq., 67.
Mail routes 1825-1830, 158, 159.
Malaria, 91, 95.
Manufactures, 128, 129.
Maple sugar, 129.
Marietta, O., 71.
Marriage, mixed, 51;
without priest, 12.
Mary of the Incarnation, Mother, 11.
Maryland, settlers from, 91.
Mason and Dixon's line, 179.
Massachusetts, emigration to Illinois, 189.
Mechanics' lien, 149.
Menard, Pierre, leg. coun., 113, 208;
Lt.-Gov., 145.
Menominee Indians, 134.
Methodist Episcopal Church, 174;
mention, 191.
Meurin, Father, mention, 12.
Michigan, legislature meets in summer, 152.
Michilimackinac, British at, 32, 39, 46, 47, 69.
Miliet, Mr., elected magistrate, 61.
Military bounty lands, 57.
Military organization, etc. See under Illinois.
Military Tract, land in, sold for taxes, 140.
Mills, 83, 167.
Miro, Estevan, Governor of Louisiana and Florida, proclamation of, 63, 71.
Mississippi river, navigation of, 21;
settlement on hindered, 88.
Missouri, population, 82, 181;
slavery in, 179, 180.
Missouri Compromise, 178.
Mitchigamia Indians, 12, 52.
Money, scarcity, 21, 22.
Monroe, President James, letter to Jefferson, 97;
mention, 209.
Montgomery, Lieut.-Col. John, 15 et seq.
Morals. See Public morals.
Morgan, ——, member of trading company, 10.
Morgan, George, agent of Indiana Company, 56;
land frauds, 56, 57.
Morgan county, anti-slavery society, 183;
freehold rights to housekeepers, 147;
separated from Madison, 188.
Morrison, William, landholdings of, 74, 100, 101.
Mount Carmel, Bank of, 199;
donation of land for church and schools, 142;
founding of, 196, 198;
incorporation, 200.
Murray, Edward, 23.
Murray, William, mention, 10.
N
Negroes, 12, 64;
punishment of, 179.
See also Slavery.
New Design, founded. 91, 92, 95;
mention, 83.
New England, immigrants from, 146.
New Jersey Land Company, 11.
New Madrid (L'Anse a la Graisse), 63 et seq.
New Orleans, flour market, 193;
mention, 26.
New Orleans boats, 93, 94.
Newspapers:—
Illinois Herald, 132;
Illinois Intelligencer, 132, 140;
Kentucky Gazette, 189;
Louisiana Gazette, 162;
Shawnee Chief, 132;
Western Intelligencer, 132.
Non-resident landholders, 140, 145.
North Carolina, route from, to Indiana, 156.
Northwest Territory, bounties in, 84;
congressional delegate seated, 76;
divided, 76, 84, 85;
enters second degree, 75;
first sale of public land in, 75;
judges, 62;
laws, 83, 84;
magistrates, 61;
mention, 58;
taxation, 83.
O
Ogee's (Dixon's) ferry, 152.
Oglesby, Rev. Joshua, rep., 113.
Ohio, emigration to, 76, 190;
population, 91, 181;
public land sale, 144.
Ohio Company, 71.
Ohio river, boundary of Illinois, 10;
settlers, 88;
settlers northwest of, 18, 19.
Ordinance of 1784, 46.
Ordinance of 1787, 40;
amendments to, 115, 116;
anti-slavery article, 176 et seq.;
college township reserved by, 101;
effect on Illinois country, 54, 55;
violation of, 87.
Ottawa Indians, 135.
Ouia, town, 30.
Ouia (Wea) Indians, 29.
Ouisconsin (Wisconsin) Territory, Galena claimed by, 150.
P
Paget, M., mill built by, 193.
Palestine, sale of public lands at, 137.
Parker, Joseph, of Kaskaskia, 53, 54.
Peck, Rev. John M., Baptist minister, 124, 125, 192.
Peltry, debts paid in, 21, 43, 60.
Peoria, Indian agent at, 134;
mention, 79.
Peoria Indians, 12.
Philips, Joseph, territorial secretary, 113.
Piankashaw Indians, 81.
Pierre, Eugenio, 38.
Pike county, separated from Madison, 188.
Pioneer clergy, 191 et seq.
Pirogues, 93, 94, 160.
Plums, at Smith's Prairie, 129.
Pollock, Oliver, 40.
Polypotamia, mention, 46.
Pope, Nathaniel, and the northern boundary, 115, 116;
delegate in Congress, 113.
Population, 1788, 70;
1785-1799, 82;
1801, 88;
1790-1810, 91;
1818, 116;
1812, 113;
1820-1840, 187, 188;
French, 1766-1777, 12.
Post routes. See Mail routes.
Post Vincennes, court regulations for, 59, 135.
See also Vincennes.
Potatoes, price, 97, 164.
Potawatomie Indians, 134.
Prairie du Chien, inhabitants, 1801, 88.
Prairie du Rocher, bounty lands, 57;
inhabitants, 1766-1777, 12;
1801, 88.
Prairies, 83, 86, 97, 109, 131, 156;
fertility of, 165 et seq.;
settlement, 130, 131.
Preëmption rights, 72, 75, 77, 78, 100, 102, 111, 113, 139, 144, 152;
in various states, 102 et seq.
Presbyterians, at Galena, 175;
Cumberland Presbyterians, 143.
Prices of commodities, 49, 59, 97, 130, 131, 164;
of land, see under Land.
Priests, French, emigrate from Illinois, 68.
Pro-slavery agitation. See under Slavery.
Provisions, scarcity of, 21-23, 25, 28.
Public lands, donated for schools and internal improvements, 142;
price of in various states, 103, 104, 105;
proceeds of sales applied to roads and schools, 116;
receipts from sale of, 143;
sales in Illinois, 77, 81, 105, 106, 137, 143;
sales in other states, 103, 104, 144;
tax regulations of, up to 1818, 130.
Public morals, 28, 29.
Publications. See Books, Newspapers.
Q
Quebec, Bishop of, pastoral letter, 1767, 12.
R
Randolphs, The, mention, 209.
Randolph county, formed, 75 n., 83;
slaves in, 180.
Rangers, volunteer for guard service, 108, 109.
Regulators of the Valley, 147.
Religious denominations, 172 et seq.
Reynolds, Gov. John, 145, 196.
Richland Creek, settlement, 78.
River craft, 93, 94, 126, 129.
Rivière du Chemin, fight at, 37.
Roads, 86, 116, 153 et seq.;
Illinois settlements to Galena, 151;
repairs, 158;
Shawneetown to Birkbeck's settlement, 157;
to Kaskaskia, Cahokia and St. Louis, 101, 102, 157;
Vandalia to Springfield, 157.
See also under Illinois; also Toll roads.
Rock river, 152.
Rock Spring Seminary (Shurtleff College) founded by Baptists in 1827, 174.
Rogers, Capt. ——, defense of, 28, 29.
Roosevelt, Theodore, “Winning of the West,” 9.
Rush, Benjamin, mention, 195.
S
St. Clair, Gov. Arthur, 10, 64;
at Kaskaskia, 69;
establishes counties, 83;
president of Congress, 54.
St. Clair, James, 74.
St. Clair, John Murray, 10, 193.
St. Clair, William, 74.
St. Clair county, divided, 83;
formed, 75 n., 82.
St. Josephs, expedition against, 37, 38.
St. Louis, attacked by British, 33;
population of, 1817, 132;
Treaty of, 1804, 81.
St. Marie, Joseph, goods confiscated by Spanish, 63.
St. Philips, inhabitants of, 12.
St. Pierre, Father, leaves Cahokia, 68.
Ste. Geneviève, garrisoned by Spanish, 74.
Saline creek salt works, slave labor at, 117.
Saline river reservation, sale of, 142.
Saline spring in Gallatin county, 170, 171.
Salt, discovered at Carlyle, 1823, 171;
legislation concerning, 101;
prices of, 170 et seq.;
works, New York, 153.
Sangamon county, emigration to, 1810-1825, 188;
housekeepers as freeholders, 147;
separated from Madison, 188.
Sauk Indians, 33, 81.
Schools, academic, funds given for, 199;
common, established, 173;
early, 173;
land granted for, 116, 141, 142;
teachers, 173, 174.
Scotch-Irish opposed to slavery, 92.
Selkirk, Lord, colony, 172.
Seminaries, location of, 174.
Servitude, indentured, 117, 176, 177, 179.
Shawnee Chief, 132.
Shawneetown, description, 1817, 125-7;
land-office at, 103;
road to Kaskaskia, 101, 102, 157;
sale of public lands, 105, 137.
Shipping, 93, 94, 125, 129.
Shippingport, Falls of Ohio, mention, 162.
Short, Jacob, rep., 113.
Shurtleff College (Rock Springs Seminary) founded by Baptists in 1827, 174.
Sickness. See under Health.
Sioux Indians, 31, 32.
Skiffs, 93, 94.
Slave code, enacted in 1819, 179.
Slavery, 64, 65, 176 et seq.;
abolition recommended by Coles, 185;
anti-slavery article of Ordinance of 1787, 55, 177, 180;
“Black Laws” of Illinois, 176, 186;
children of slaves, 177;
constitutional provisions, 178;
decrease of, 187;
effect on settlement, 177;
freeing of slaves, 64, 65, 177, 179;
French slaveholders, 55, 176, 177;
importation of slaves authorized, 87;
increase, 180, 181;
indentured servitude, 117, 176 et seq.;
legalization, 176;
number of slaves, 1820, 1840, 187;
Ordinance of 1787, 55, 176, 177, 180;
whipping of slaves, 179.
Slave-trade, abolition of, 178.
Smith's Prairie, fruit at, 129.
Soulard, Mr., 152.
Southern influence in Illinois, 145, 180.
Spain claims the Illinois country, 38;
offers free land to Illinois settlers, 55, 71;
refuses to allow navigation of Mississippi, 21.
Spanish, aggression upon United States, 73;
trouble Illinois settlers, 21, 24.
Sprigg, Judge William, 111.
Springfield, called Calhoun when founded, 196;
first store, 206;
land-office at, 144;
sales of public land, 137, 143;
terminus of mail route, 158.
Squatters in Illinois, 50, 58, 72, 99, 148.
State Historical Society of Wisconsin. See under Wisconsin.
Steamboats, first on Ohio and Mississippi, 123;
speed and rates of, 160, 162, 163.
Stephenson, Benjamin, delegate in Congress, 113.
Stuart, Judge Alexander, 111, 113.
Stuart, John T., mention, 207.
Suffrage, qualifications, 77, 78, 112-14, 117, 147, 148.
Sugar, maple, 129.
Supreme Court, U. S., decision of, 11.
T
Talbott, Benjamin, leg. coun., 113.
Tallmadge, James, opposes admission of Illinois, 118, 179.
Tamarois, Indians, 110.
Tardiveau, Bartholomew, 51, 52, 55, 69.
Tavern-keepers (housekeepers) given freehold privileges, 147.
Tavern-sites, land ceded for, 75, 79.
Taxation, in N.-W. terr., 83;
of land, 130, 133;
of live-stock, 83.
Taylor, Zachary, mention, 207.
Tazewell, L. W., mention, 209.
Tea, price of, 130.
Teachers, salaries of, 174.
Tennessee, lands sold for taxes, 189.
Tennessee wagon, 155.
Thomas, Judge Jesse B., signs petition for retention of slavery in Illinois, 111, 178;
territorial judge, 113, 145.
Timber, want of, 131.
Todd, Col. John, Jr., 15, 16 et seq.
Toll roads, 157.
Tomahawk rights, 51.
Trading firms: Baynton, Wharton and Morgan, 10;
British Michilimackinac Company, 49.
Trammell, Philip, rep., 113.
Transportation,
cost:
via canals, 141;
via rivers, 124, 125, 126, 160;
improvement in facilities, 157;
land, 93, 126, 154-7, 161;
water, 83, 92 et seq., 114, 126, 129.
See also River craft, Wagons.
Treaties.—Fort Wayne, 1803, 79;
Greenville, 1795, 79;
St. Louis, 1804, 81;
Spain-U. S., commercial treaty, 73;
Vincennes, 1803, 79;
1805, 81.
Trottier, F., 36.
Turbine wheel, 167.
Turner, Frederick Jackson, 5.
Turnpike, 93.
U
United States Supreme Court decision, 11.
V
Vandalia, mention, 188, 189;
land-office at, 207;
public lands sold, 137.
Vegetables, 168.
Vehicles, 152, 155, 156;
emigrant wagons, 159, 164;
Tennessee wagon, 155.
Vermilion saline, 142.
Vincennes, accept inducements of Morgan, 63;
attack on, 32, 73;
court, 17, 59;
description of, 13;
levy of troops at, 54;
treaty, 1803, 79;
treaty, 1805, 81.
See also Post Vincennes.
Virginia, Augusta county, 15;
Board of Commissioners for the Settlement of Western Accounts, 42-44;
cedes Western lands to the United States, 45, 46;
emigration from, to Illinois, 91, 92, 190, 201;
legislation for protection of Illinois county, 9;
military bounty lands, 46;
money, 21, 23, 24.
Vote, August 2, 1824, 183;
chart of, 184.
W
Wabash Land Company, 10 et seq., 88.
Wabash Navigation Company, 200.
Wabash river, boundary line, 90, 154;
expedition on, 41;
landholders on, 10, 87, 88.
Wages, 96, 169.
Wagons, first, Galena to Chicago, 152.
See also Vehicles.
War of 1812, 106 et seq.; mention, 118.
Water supply, 86.
Wayne county, separated from Illinois, 86.
Wea. See Ouia.
West, The, Commerce of, 96.
Western Christian Monitor, mention, 197.
Western frontier. See Frontier; also Wilderness.
Western Intelligencer, 132.
Western Territory, Ordinance for government of, 46.
Westward movement, 190.
Wharton, ——, member of trading firm, 10.
Wheat, price of, 164.
Wheeling, Va., Committee of Workingmen, 144.
Wild animals, 14.
Wilderness, description of, 86;
mention, 95.
See also Frontier.
Wilderness Road, 93.
Wilkins, John, British Commandant in Illinois, 10.
Wilkinson, Gen. James, 204.
Williams, Maj., 39.
Wilson, Alexander, rep., 113.
Winnebago Indians, 135, 151.
Winnebago war, 135, 146, 207.
Winston, Richard, 17, 18;
sheriff at Kaskaskia, 26, 41, 61.
Wirt, William, mention, 209.
Wisconsin, southern boundary, 150.
Wisconsin, State Historical Society of, 11.
Wolves, 14;
bounty for, 84, 148.
Wood, scarcity of retards settlement, 165.
Wyllys, Maj., 69.
Y
Yorkshire, England, emigrants from, reach Jacksonville, 189.
Z
Zewapetas, 63.
