ACCENT AND PUNCTUATION.
1. Why is a word divided into syllables?
For the purpose of showing their proper pronunciation and etymological composition.
2. What is Accent?
A greater stress of voice placed on one syllable of a word than the others.
3. What kind of words have no accent?
Monosyllables.
4. Why?
Accent implies comparison, and there can be no comparison with one syllable.
5. How many kinds of accent?
Common, Emphatic, and Discriminating.
6. What is common accent?
Ordinary accent of spelling.
7. How many kinds of common accent?
Two.
8. What are they?
Primary and secondary.
9. What is primary accent?
The principal accent.
10. What is secondary accent?
The partial accent.
11. What kind of accent is essential to every word of more than one syllable?
Primary.
12. How close can primary and secondary accent come together?
Not closer than two syllables.
13. How many primary accents can one word have?
Only one.
14. How many secondary accents can a word have?
Two.
15. In case of two secondary accents, where are they placed?
On the first and third.
16. In case of two secondary, where is the primary accent?
On the last but two.
17. Do the primary and secondary ever change places?
They do.
18. In words of two syllables, where is the accent?
Usually on the first.
19. In trisyllables, what syllable is accented?
Usually the first.
20. Are there any exceptions?
There are.
21. In polysyllables, where is the accent?
On the antepenult usually.
22. In all words ending in ation, where is the accent?
On the syllable next to the last.
23. What is Emphatic accent?
Accent used for emphatic distinction.
24. Have monosyllables any accent?
They have sometimes an emphatic, or poetic.
25. What is Discriminating accent?
That used to determine parts of speech.
26, Give some examples.
Au'gust, Au-gust'; Reb'el, Re-bel'.
27, What is Punctuation?
The use of certain characters to aid the reader in determining the thought of the writer.
28. How many kinds of punctuation are there?
Four.
29. What are they?
Rhetorical, Etymological, for Reference, and for the Printer.
30. What is Rhetorical punctuation?
That used for rhetorical effect.
31. What is Etymological punctuation?
That used in Orthography and Orthoepy.
32. What is Reference punctuation?
That used to refer the reader to the margin of the page.
33. What is punctuation for the Printer?
That used by the writer to inform the printer the kind of type to use.
34. What are the principal Etymological points?
Apostrophe, Caret, Dieresis, Macron, Breve, Tilde, Grave Accent, Acute Accent, Circumflex Accent, Hyphen, and Period.
35. What is the use of the Apostrophe?
To indicate the omission of a letter, or letters, of a word.
36. What letter is omitted in the word o'clock?
The letter f.
37. What is the use of the Caret?
To correct an error of omission.
38. Is the Caret used in printed copy or manuscript?
In manuscript.
39. For what is the Dieresis used?
To separate two vowels which would otherwise form a diphthong.
40. Give an example of the use of the Dieresis.
Zoölogy, and Diëresis.
41. What is the use of the Macron?
To mark the long quantity of syllables.
42. What is a long syllable?
One in which the vowel has the long sound.
43. What is the use of the Breve?
To mark the short quantity of syllables.
44. What is a short syllable?
One in which the vowel has the short sound.
45. What kind of a mark is the Tilde?
A Spanish mark.
46. How many uses has the Tilde?
Two.
47. What are they?
Placed over n it gives the sound of ny as, in cañon. In English it indicates certain sounds of the vowels.
48. How many accent marks are there?
Three.
49. What are they?
Grave, Acute, and Circumflex.
50. What is the use of the Grave accent?
To mark the falling inflection.
51. What is the use of the Acute accent?
To mark the primary accent, and the rising inflection.
52. What is the use of the Circumflex?
To mark the peculiar inflection of the voice in the pronunciation of a word.
53. How many uses has the Hyphen?
Three.
54. What are they?
To separate the parts of a compound word; to separate a word into syllables; and to divide a word at the end of a line.
55. When should the Hyphen be used in a compound word?
When the word has not become permanently compounded.
56. When use the Dieresis instead of the Hyphen?
When the syllables are divided by the hyphen, there is no hyphen used between the vowels of the digraph.
57. What is the use of the Period?
To denote an abbreviation.
58. Are there any other uses of the Period?
There are.
59. Where else is the Period used?
In Rhetorical punctuation.
60. Name the points used in Reference punctuation.
Asterisk, Obelisk, Parallels, Section, Paragraph, and Index.
61. Are these marks ever doubled?
They are.
62. Are Letters ever used for reference?
They are.