1809.
On April 22, when Wellesley arrived the troops were brigaded as follows:—
Cavalry. G.O.C., Cotton. 14th Light Dragoons, 16th Light Dragoons, 2 squadrons 20th Light Dragoons, detachment 3rd Hussars K.G.L.: Fane’s brigade (not at the Douro), 3rd Dragoon Guards, 4th Dragoons.
Guards’ Brigade (H. Campbell). 1st Coldstream, 1st 3rd Guards (i.e. Scots), 1 co. 5/60th.
1st Brigade (Hill). 1/3rd, 2/48th, 2/66th, 1 co. 5/60th.
2nd Brigade (Mackenzie). 2/24th (attached), 3/27th, 2/31st, 1/45th.
3rd Brigade (Tilson). Headquarters and 5 cos. 5/60th, 2/87th, 1/88th.
4th Brigade (Sontag). 97th, 2nd Detachments, 1 co. 5/60th.
5th Brigade (A. Campbell). 2/7th, 2/53rd, 1 co. 5/60th.
6th Brigade (R. Stewart). 29th, 1st Detachments.
7th Brigade (Cameron). 2/9th, 2/83rd, 1 co. 5/60th.
K.G.L. (Murray, Langwerth and Drieberg). 1st, 2nd, 5th, and 7th Line K.G.L., detachment Light Battalions K.G.L.
The 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th Brigades each included a Portuguese battalion.
[N.B.—The “Battalions of Detachments” were composed of convalescents and stragglers, left behind from the regiments which had marched from Portugal under Sir John Moore in the preceding autumn.]
The organization in divisions dates from June 18. It was originally as follows:—
Cavalry. G.O.C., Payne. A [Fane], 3rd Dragoon Guards, 4th Dragoons; B [Cotton], 14th and 16th Light Dragoons; Unattached, 2 squadrons 20th Light Dragoons, 23rd Light Dragoons, 1st Hussars K.G.L., detachment 3rd Hussars K.G.L.
1st Division. G.O.C., Sherbrooke. A [H. Campbell], 1st Coldstream, 1st Scots; B [Cameron], 2/9th, 2/83rd; C [Langwerth], 1st and 2nd Line K.G.L., detachment Light Battalions K.G.L.; D [Löw], 5th and 7th Line K.G.L.
2nd Division. G.O.C., Hill. A [Hill], 1/3rd, 2/48th, 3/66th; B [R. Stewart], 29th, 1st Detachments.
3rd Division. G.O.C., Mackenzie. A [Mackenzie] 3/27th, 2/31st, 1/45th; B [Tilson], 5 companies 5/60th, 2/87th, 1/88th.
4th Division. G.O.C., A. Campbell. A [A. Campbell], 2/7th, 2/53rd; B [Sontag], 97th, 2nd Detachments.
The detached companies of 5/60th at Talavera were with I A, I B, II A, IV A, IV B.
Subsequent changes were as follows:—
Cavalry. 20th Light Dragoons and detachment 3rd Hussars K.G.L., left the Peninsula before the end of July.
By June 21 a new brigade, C, was added, under G. Anson, composed of 23rd Light Dragoons and 1st Hussars K.G.L.
On November 1 Granby Calcroft was commanding A for Fane, absent.
By November 24 1st Dragoons (who arrived at Lisbon in October) replaced the 16th Light Dragoons in B, now under Slade, as Cotton was assisting Payne in command of the division; 16th Light Dragoons were transferred to C vice 23rd Light Dragoons, ordered home after their losses at Talavera.
1st Division. 1/40th, from Seville, replaced 2/9th before June 21, 2/9th going to Gibraltar and relieving 1/61st, who joined before Talavera, on which 1/40th were transferred to IV B.
After Talavera 2/24th and 2/42nd were added to I B, 2/83rd being sent down to Lisbon.
At Talavera, H. Campbell was wounded, Stopford replacing him in command of the division and brigade, but from November 8 to December 15, Hulse had the brigade. Langwerth having been killed at Talavera, Beck of 1st Line K.G.L. succeeded to his brigade, but the two K.G.L. brigades were amalgamated under Löw from November 1.
2nd Division. By June 21 Tilson (from III B) had taken over Hill’s own brigade. Before Talavera 1/48th (arrived at Lisbon June 22, on being relieved at Gibraltar by 2/30th) had been added to II B.
In September, a new brigade, C, under Catlin Craufurd, was added, composed of 2/28th, 2/34th, 2/39th, and about the same time 2/31st (from III A) was added to II A. By November 1, 1/57th (from Gibraltar) replaced 1st Detachments in II B, the Battalions of Detachments having been broken up.
From December 15 on II A was under command of Duckworth of 2/48th.
3rd Division. Tilson, moving to II A, was replaced by Donkin (June 21).
Before Talavera 2/24th replaced 3/27th (sent down to Lisbon) in III A.
Mackenzie was killed at Talavera, and the division passed under the command of R. Craufurd, whose brigade, 1/43rd, 1/52nd and 1/95th, arrived just too late for the battle, and was apparently added to the division in place of Mackenzie’s brigade which was amalgamated with Donkin’s. On September 15, 2/87th was ordered down to Lisbon for garrison duty, 2/24th being transferred to II B and 2/31st to II A about the same time.
In October, Donkin gave up his brigade, Mackinnon obtaining command.
4th Division. Myers of 2/7th seems to have commanded IV A for A. Campbell.
By Talavera 1/40th had been added to IV B, of which Kemmis had taken command vice Sontag.
At Talavera A. Campbell was wounded, and had to go home, the division being without a definite G.O.C. till the arrival of Lowry Cole in October.
In September 1/11th (arrived at Lisbon from Madeira in August) was added to IV A. On the Battalions of Detachments being sent home (October), 3/27th, in garrison at Lisbon since after the Douro, replaced the 2nd Battalion in IV B.
Changes in 1810