CHAPTER II.
[1] The biographical details are to a great extent drawn from Forsyth's Life of Cicero.
[2] Or diosaemeia.
[3] Pro Quintio.
[4] Pro S. Roscio Amerino.
[5] See De Off. ii. 14.
[6] Pro Roscio Comoedo.
[7] Pro M. Tullio.
[8] Divinatio in Caecilium.
[9] In Verrem. The titles of the separate speeches are De Praetura Urbana, De Iurisdictione Siciliensi, De Frumento, De Signis, De Suppliciis.
[10] Pro Fonteio.
[11] Pro Caecina.
[12] Pro Matridio (lost).
[13] Pro Oppio (lost).
[14] Pro Fundanio (lost).
[15] Pro A. Cluentio Habito.
[16] Pro lege Manilia.
[17] Pro G. Cornelio.
[18] In toga candida.
[19] Pro. Q. Gellio (lost).
[20] De lege Agraria.
[21] Pro C. Rabirio.
[22] Pro Calpurnio Pisone (lost).
[23] In L. Catilinam.
[24] Pro Muraena.
[25] Pro Cornelio Sulla (lost).
[26] Pro Archia poeta.
[27] Pro Scip. Nasica.
[28] Orationes Consulares.
[29] Pro A. Themio (lost).
[30] Pro Flacco.
[31] Orationes post reditum. They are ad Senatum, and ad Populum.
[32] De domo sua.
[33] De haruspicum responsis.
[34] Pro L. Bestia.
[35] Pro Sextio.
[36] De Provinciis Consularibus.
[37] Pro Coelio.
[38] Pro Can. Gallo_ (lost).
[39] In Pisonen.
[40] Pro Plancio.
[41] Pro Scauro (lost).
[42] Pro G. Rabirio Postumo_ (lost).
[43] Pro T. Annia Milone.
[44] Pro Marcello.
[45] Pro Q. Ligario.
[46] Pro Rege Deiotaro.
[47] Orationes Philippicae in M. Antonium xiv.
[48] Such are the speeches for the Manilian law, for Marcellus, Archias, and some of the later Philippics in praise of Octavius and Servius Sulpicius.
[49] It will be remembered that Milo and Clodius had encountered each other on the Appian Road, and in the scuffle that ensued, the latter had been killed. Cicero tries to prove that Milo was not the aggressor, but that, even if he had been, he would have been justified, since Clodius was a pernicious citizen dangerous to the state.
[50] Rosc. Com. 7.
[51] In Verr. ii. v. 11.
[52] In Vatin. 2.
[53] Pro Font. 11.
[54] Pro Rabir. Post. 13.
[55] Cat. iii. 3.
[56] Pro Coel. 3.
[57] Phil. ii. 41.
[58] In Verr. v. 65.
[59] Pro Coel. 6.
[60] Pro Cluent. pass.
[61] Forsyth; p. 544.
[62] He himself quotes with approval the sentiment of Lucilius:
nec doctissimis; Manium Persium haec legere nolo; Iunium Congum volo.
[63] De Republica, De Legibus and De Officiis.
[64] N. D. ii. 1, fin.
[65] De Off. i. 43.
[66] See Acad. Post. ii. 41.
[67] De Off. i. 2.
[68] De Fin. ii. 12.
[69] De Fin. ii. 12.
[70] E.g. the sophisms of the Liar, the Sorites, and those on Motion.
[71] Ac. Post. 20.
[72] De Leg. i. 13 fin. Perturbatricem autem harum omnium rerum Academian hanc ab Arcesila et Carneado recentem exoremus ut sileat. Nam si invaserit in haec, quae satis scite nobis instructa et composita videntur, nimias edet ruinas. Quam quidem ego placare cupio, submovere non audeo.
[73] i. 28.
[74] Tusc, i. 12, a very celebrated and beautiful passage.
[75] The Paradoxes are—(1) oti monon to kalon agathon, (2) oti autarkaesaearetae pros eudaimonian, (3) oti isa ta amartaemata kai ta katorthomata, (4) oti pas aphron mainetai. We remember the treatment of this in Horace (S. ii. 3). (5) oti monos o sophos eleutheros kai pas athron doulos, (6) oti monos o sophos plousios.
[76] A well-known fragment of the sixth book, the Somnium Scipionis, is preserved in Macrobius.
[77] Latrant homines, non loquuntur is his strong expression, and in another place he calls the modern speakers clamatores non oratores.
[78] Calamus.
[79] Atramentum.
[80] Called Librarii or A manu.
[81] Caesar generally used as his cipher the substitution of d for a, and so on throughout the alphabet. It seems strange that so extremely simple a device should have served his purpose.
[82] This is Servius's spelling. Others read Temelastis, or Talemgais, Orelli thinks perhaps the title may have been ta en elasei (Taenelasi, corrupted to Tamelastis) i.e. de profectione sua, about which he tells us in the first Philippic.
[83] Brut. 75.
[84] Brut. 80.
[85] Sextilius Ena, a poet of Corduba. The story is told in Seneca, Suas. vi.