LANGUAGES OF THE ORINOCO BASIN.
| Opone and Carare. | Peba. | Yahua. | Saliva. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Man, | comoley, | huano, | cocco. | |
| Woman, | watoa, | huaturuna, | gnacu. | |
| Sun, | bueno, | wana, | hini, | mumesechecocco. |
| Moon, | cano, | remelane, | arimaney, | vexio. |
| Fire, | fotó, | feula, | jigney, | egussa. |
| Water, | tuna, | ain, | aah, | cagùa. |
| Head, | iube, siyoco, | raino, | firignio. | |
| Eye, | ieu, yeo, | vinimichi, | huiranca, | pacuté. |
| Ear, | itana, stana, | mituva, | ontisiui, | aicupana. |
| Mouth, | rito, | huiçama, | aajà. | |
| Nose, | iena, yena, | vinerro, | unirou, | incuu. |
| Tongue, | inu, syno. | |||
| Tooth, | viala. | |||
| Hand, | iaso, iyaso, | vi-nitaily, | hui janpana, | immomó. |
| Foot, | idebu, stuyo, | vi nimotay, | muniumatu, | caabapa. |
| House, | mune, | lowarrey, | rore. | |
| 1, | tomeulay, | tekini. | ||
| 2, | nomoira, | nanojui. | ||
| 3, | tamoimansa, | munua. | ||
| 4, | namerayo, | naïrojuiño. | ||
| 5, | taonella, | tenaja. |
The Opone and the Carare have evidently been subjected to foreign influences, but still retain the characteristics of the Carib dialects.
The Peba and the Yahua are not attached to the Carib family. They, however, reveal the traces of its influence, and appear to have adopted many words from it. Probably they are largely jargons, and between themselves indicate a rather close relationship.
Of the Saliva, which seems to stand alone, the materials are inadequate. Some texts, with an effort at a grammatical analysis, are given in the Mithridates, III., s. 625.
LANGUAGES OF THE ORINOCO BASIN.—(Continued.)
| Otomaca. | Piaroa. | Guaraouna. | Guahiba. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Man, | andoua, | ovo, | guarao, | pebi. |
| Woman, | ondoua, | ysaho, | ibama, tira, | petiriba, C., pihaoua. |
| Sun, | noua, | morho, | hoke, | wameto, C., icatia, isota. |
| Moon, | oura, | chawa, | guanica, | oamito. |
| Fire, | noua, | ocoura, | hècouno, | isoto. |
| Water, | ia, | ahiia, | ho, | mera. |
| Head, | chû, | pemoto hocota, C., ibun. | ||
| Eye, | chiahere, | yto huto. | ||
| Ear, | cacoco, | pemohuyo roto, C., nu tanipara. | ||
| Mouth, | chaha, | doco, | pinpierda. | |
| Nose, | chihino, | ca-icari, | pepomuteito. | |
| Tongue, | chame, | peeberta. | ||
| Tooth, | chacou, | ca-ycay, | bono. | |
| Hand, | chumu, | ca-mahu, | napi. | |
| Foot, | chinepo, | omu, | petahu. | |
| House, | hanouco, | ta-habo (my). | ||
| 1, | enga, | itchaca, | cahene. | |
| 2, | dé, | manamo, | nawanube. | |
| 3, | yakia, | dianamo, | acueyani. | |
| 4, | depitade, | urabocaya, | penaya autsiva. | |
| 5, | ionga pinibo, | uabachi, | cahecobe. |
The above four lengue matrice were among the most important on the Orinoco. The Guaraouna or Warrau was, and continues to be, spoken by the tribes of the delta, who are numerous and intelligent, when they have a fair chance to live undisturbed.
Of the Otomaca only the merest fragments have been published, and my vocabulary is nearly empty.
Several recent travelers have brought back information about the Piaroa and Guahiba, some of which may be found in the eighth volume of the Bibliothèque Linguistique Américaine (Paris, 1882), with observations by M. Adam. C. refers to Chaffanjon.
LANGUAGES OF THE ORINOCO BASIN.—(Continued.)
| Omagua. | Yarura. | Betoya. | Correguaje. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Man, | ava, mena, | pume, | umasoi, | emiud, pai. |
| Woman, | huaina, cunia, | ibi, ain, | ro. | |
| Sun, | huarassi, | do, | teo-umasoi, | ense. |
| Moon, | yase, | goppe, | teo-ro, | paimia. |
| Fire, | tata, | condé, | futui. | |
| Water, | uni, | uui, | ocudú, | ocŏ. |
| Head, | yacue, | pacchá, | rosaca, | sijope. |
| Eye, | zaicana, | batchioo, C., jonde, | ufoniba, | ñancoca. |
| Ear, | nami, | cajoroso. | ||
| Mouth, | yuru, | yaoo, C. | ||
| Nose, | ti, | nappe, | jusaca, | jinquepui. |
| Tongue, | cumuera, | hihn, C., toppono, | ineca, | chimenu. |
| Tooth, | say, | hundee, C., | cojini. | |
| Hand, | pua, | icchi, | rum-cosi, | jete. |
| Foot, | pueta, | tahoo, C., | rem-ocá, | coapi. |
| House, | uca, | guce. | ||
| 1, | uyepe, | canāme, | edojojoi. | |
| 2, | mucuica, | adotchami, ñoeni, | edoi. | |
| 3, | iruaca, | tarani, | ibutu. | |
| 4, | adoitchemī. | |||
| 5, | canikiro. |
The Omagua is a well-marked Tupi dialect. Adam has shown the grammatical concordances clearly (Compte-Rendu du Cong. des Amer., 1888, p. 496).
The Yarura and Betoya reveal faint resemblances in the words for “sun” and “tongue”; but not enough to justify assuming a relationship. Their grammars are quite unlike, that of the Yarura preceding by suffixes, that of the Betoya by prefixes (see Müller, Sprachwissenschaft, Bd. II., Ab. I., s. 361).
The Correguaje shows less analogy to the Betoya in the above vocabulary than in a more extended comparison. The word for water, ocŏ, reappears in a number of dialects not akin to this stock, and is perhaps allied to the Chinchasuyu yacu (see anté, p. [205]).