CANTO VII

The witches sonne loues Florimell:
2 she flyes, he faines to die.
Satyrane saues the Squire of Dames
4 from Gyants tyrannie.

1 The witch's son loves Florimell: 2 she flies, he fains to die.

flies > flees fains > rejoices, is glad; hence: wishes

3 Satyrane saves the Squire of Dames 4 from giant's tyranny.

307.1

LIke as an Hynd forth singled from the heard,
2 That hath escaped from a rauenous beast,
Yet flyes away of her owne feet affeard,
4 And euery leafe, that shaketh with the least
Murmure of winde, her terror hath encreast;
6 So fled faire Florimell from her vaine feare,
Long after she from perill was releast:
8 Each shade she saw, and each noyse she did heare,
Did seeme to be the same, which she escapt whyleare.

1 Like a hind forth singled from the herd, 2 That has escaped from a ravenous beast, 3 Yet flies away, of her own feet afeard,

afeard > frightened

4 And every leaf, that shakes with the least 5 Murmur of wind, her terror has increased; 6 So fled fair Florimell from her vain fear,

vain > foolish; empty

7 Long after she from peril was released: 8 Each shade she saw, and each noise she did hear,

shade > shadow

9 Did seem to be the same which she escaped whilere.

whilere > erewhile: a while before

307.2

All that same euening she in flying spent,
2 And all that night her course continewed:
Ne did she let dull sleepe once to relent,
4 Nor wearinesse to slacke her hast, but fled
Euer alike, as if her former dred
6 Were hard behind, her readie to arrest:
And her white Palfrey hauing conquered
8 The maistring raines out of her weary wrest,
Perforce her carried, where euer he thought best.

1 All that same evening she in flying spent,

flying > fleeing

2 And all that night her course continued: 3 Nor did she let dull sleep once to relent,

relent > lessen, abate

4 Nor weariness to slack, her haste, but fled 5 Ever alike, as if her former dread

alike > in the same manner dread > dread; object of dread

6 Were hard behind, her ready to arrest:

hard > close arrest > catch, apprehend

7 And her white palfrey, having conquered

palfrey > {Saddle-horse for ladies} conquered > won, got possession of

8 The mastering reins out of her weary wrist, 9 Perforce her carried wherever he thought best.

Perforce > Forcibly; perforce

307.3

So long as breath, and hable puissance
2 Did natiue courage vnto him supply,
His pace he freshly forward did aduaunce,
4 And carried her beyond all ieopardy,
But nought that wanteth rest, can long aby.
6 He hauing through incessant trauell spent
His force, at last perforce a downe did ly,
8 Ne foot could further moue: The Lady gent
Thereat was suddein strooke with great astonishment.

1 So long as breath and able puissance

able puissance > sufficient strength

2 Did native courage to him supply,

native > innate, natural courage > vigour

3 His pace he freshly forward did advance, 4 And carried her beyond all jeopardy; 5 But naught that wants rest can long aby.

aby > abide, endure, remain

6 He, having through incessant travel spent

travel > travel; travail

7 His force, at last perforce adown did lie,

adown > down

8 Nor foot could further move: the lady gent

gent > noble, high-born; graceful, elegant

9 Thereat was sudden struck with great astonishment,

Thereat > As a result of that astonishment > dismay; bewilderment

307.4

And forst t'alight, on foot mote algates fare,
2 A traueller vnwonted to such way:
Need teacheth her this lesson hard and rare,
4 That fortune all in equall launce doth sway,
And mortall miseries doth make her play.
6 So long she trauelled, till at length she came
To an hilles side, which did to her bewray
8 A little valley, subiect to the same,
All couerd with thick woods, that quite it ouercame.

1 And forced to alight: on foot might algates fare,

might algates fare > [she must proceed; algates = at any rate, anyhow]

2 A traveller unwonted to such way;

unwonted > unaccustomed way > manner of travel

3 Need teaches her this lesson hard and rare,

rare > (An intensive, qualifying "hard")

4 That Fortune all in equal launce does sway,

equal > [an] impartial; [the] same launce > scales, balance (WU) sway > weigh; press down; sway

5 And mortal miseries does make her play.

play > game, sport; play (i.e. side-to-side motion of the scales)

6 So long she travelled, till at length she came

So > Thus

7 To a hill's side, which did to her bewray

bewray > reveal

8 A little valley, subject to the same,

subject to > under

9 All covered with thick woods, that quite it overcame.

overcame > overran; dominated

307.5

Through +the tops+ of the high trees she did descry
2 A litle smoke, whose vapour thin and light,
Reeking aloft, vprolled to the sky:
4 Which, chearefull signe did send vnto her sight,
That in the same did wonne some liuing wight.
6 Eftsoones her steps she thereunto applyde,
And came at last in weary wretched plight
8 Vnto the place, to which her hope did guyde,
To find some refuge there, and rest her weary syde.

1 the tops > th'tops 1609

1 Through the tops of the high trees she did descry 2 A little smoke, whose vapour, thin and light, 3 Reeking aloft, uprolled to the sky:

Reeking > Rising (used of smoke, vapour, etc.) uprolled > rolled up

4 Which cheerful sign did send to her sight 5 That in the same did won some living wight.

That in the same > [The impression that under the smoke] won > dwell wight > person

6 Eftsoons her steps she thereto applied,

Eftsoons > Thereupon thereto applied > directed to that place

7 And came at last in weary wretched plight 8 To the place, to which her hope did guide,

guide > [guide her]

9 To find some refuge there, and rest her weary side.

side > sides, body; hence: self

307.6

There in a gloomy hollow glen she found
2 A little cottage, built of stickes and reedes
In homely wize, and wald with sods around,
4 In which a witch did dwell, in loathly weedes,
And wilfull want, all carelesse of her needes;
6 So choosing solitarie to abide,
Far from all neighbours, that her deuilish deedes
8 And hellish arts from people she might hide,
And hurt far off vnknowne, whom euer she enuide.

1 There in a gloomy hollow glen she found 2 A little cottage, built of sticks and reeds 3 In homely wise, and walled with sods around,

wise > style

4 In which a witch did dwell, in loathly weeds

loathly weeds > loathsome clothing

5 And wilful want, all careless of her needs;

want > penury

6 So choosing solitary to abide,

So > (The sense is primarily "thus"; but the word may also serve "that" in the next line ["so that her deuilish deedes …">[) solitary > solitarily

7 Far from all neighbours, that her devilish deeds 8 And hellish arts from people she might hide, 9 And hurt far off, unknown, whomever she envied.

envied > felt a grudge against; disliked, hated

307.7

The Damzell there arriuing entred in;
2 Where sitting on the flore the Hag she found,
Busie (as seem'd) about some wicked gin:
4 Who soone as she beheld that suddein stound,
Lightly vpstarted from the dustie ground,
6 And with fell looke and hollow deadly gaze
Stared on her awhile, as one astound,
8 Ne had one word to speake, for great +amaze,+
But shewd by outward signes, that dread her sence did daze.

8 amaze, > amaze. 1596

1 The damsel, there arriving, entered in; 2 Where sitting on the floor the hag she found, 3 Busy (as seemed) about some wicked gin:

seemed > [it seemed] gin > scheme, stratagem; contrivance

4 Who, soon as she beheld that sudden stound,

soon > [as soon] stound > {Time or peril or alarm; hence: alarming or startling sight}

5 Lightly upstarted from the dusty ground,

Lightly > Quickly upstarted > started up

6 And, with fell look and hollow deadly gaze,

fell > fierce, terrible

7 Stared on her awhile, as one astound,

astound > amazed, confounded

8 Nor had one word to speak, for great amaze,

amaze > confusion; amazement

9 But showed, by outward signs, that dread her sense did daze.

307.8

At last turning her feare to foolish wrath,
2 She askt, what deuill had her thither brought,
And who she was, and what vnwonted path
4 Had guided her, vnwelcomed, vnsought?
To which the Damzell full of doubtfull thought,
6 Her mildly answer'd; Beldame be not wroth
With silly Virgin by aduenture brought
8 Vnto your dwelling, ignorant and loth,
That craue but rowme to rest, while tempest ouerblo'th.

1 At last, turning her fear to foolish wrath, 2 She asked what devil had her thither brought, 3 And who she was, and what unwonted path

unwonted > unaccustomed

4 Had guided her, unwelcomed, unsought? 5 To which the damsel, full of doubtful thought,

doubtful > fearful

6 Her mildly answered: "Beldam, be not wroth

mildly > graciously; mildly Beldam > {Respectful form of address to an elderly woman}

7 With silly virgin, by adventure brought

silly > helpless; innocent adventure > chance; hence: misfortune

8 To your dwelling, ignorant and loath, 9 That crave but room to rest, while tempest overblows."

room > place, space while > until [the] overblows > blows over, blows itself out

307.9

With that adowne out of her Christall eyne
2 Few trickling teares she softly forth let fall,
That like +two+ Orient pearles, did purely shyne
4 Vpon her snowy cheeke; and therewithall
She sighed soft, that none so bestiall,
6 Nor saluage hart, but ruth of her sad plight
Would make to melt, or pitteously appall;
8 And that vile Hag, all were her whole delight
In mischiefe, was much moued at so pitteous sight.

3 two > to conj. Hughes; cf. 106.47:8

1 With that adown out of her crystal eyes

adown > down crystal > clear, luminous

2 Few trickling tears she softly forth let fall,

Few > [A few]

3 That, like two orient pearls, did purely shine

two > (See Textual Appendix. If Hughes's conjecture is accepted, this word should be removed from the Shadow Text) orient > (Coming from the Orient; best quality, having a special lustre; brilliant, lustrous, sparkling)

4 Upon her snowy cheek; and therewithal

therewithal > therewith, with that

5 She sighed soft, that none so bestial,

that none > [so that no one]

6 Nor savage heart, but ruth of her sad plight

savage > [a] savage ruth > pity sad > sad; grievous

7 Would make to melt, or piteously appal;

piteously > [by means of feeling pity] appal > quell

8 And that vile hag, all were her whole delight

all > although

9 In mischief, was much moved at so piteous sight.

mischief > misfortune, disaster; evil at so > by such a

307.10

And gan recomfort her in her rude wyse,
2 With womanish compassion of her plaint,
Wiping the teares from her suffused eyes,
4 And bidding her sit downe, to rest her faint
And wearie limbes a while. She nothing quaint
6 Nor s'deignfull of so homely fashion,
Sith brought she was now to so hard constraint,
8 Sate downe vpon the dusty ground anon,
As glad of that small rest, as Bird of tempest gon.

1 And gan recomfort her in her rude wise,

gan recomfort > did console; began to console rude wise > clumsy manner

2 With womanish compassion of her plaint,

compassion of > compassion for; fellow-feeling for plaint > grieving, complaint

3 Wiping the tears from her suffused eyes, 4 And bidding her sit down, to rest her faint 5 And weary limbs awhile. She, nothing quaint,

nothing > not at all, in no way quaint > fastidious, prim

6 Nor sdeignful of so homely fashion,

sdeignful > disdainful so > such [a] fashion > style, manner [of seating]

7 Sith brought she was now to so hard constraint,

Sith > Since so > such constraint > affliction, oppression

8 Sat down upon the dusty ground anon,

anon > straightway

9 As glad of that small rest, as bird of tempest gone.

tempest gone >

307.11

Tho gan she gather vp her garments rent,
2 And her loose lockes to dight in order dew,
With golden wreath and gorgeous ornament;
4 Whom such whenas the wicked Hag did vew,
She was astonisht at her heauenly hew,
6 And doubted her to deeme an earthly wight,
But or some Goddesse, or of Dianes crew,
8 And thought her to adore with humble spright;
T'adore thing so diuine as beauty, were but right.

1 Tho gan she gather up her garments rent,

Tho gan she > Then she began to rent > torn

2 And her loose locks to dight in order due,

dight > arrange due > fitting, proper

3 With golden wreath and gorgeous ornament;

wreath > circlet; coronet

4 Whom such when the wicked hag did view, 5 She was astonished at her heavenly hue,

at > by hue > appearance

6 And doubted her to deem an earthly wight,

wight > woman

7 But +or+ some goddess, or of Diana's crew,

or > either crew > (Of nymphs: cf. 306.17:2)

8 And thought her to adore with humble spirit; 9 To adore thing so divine as beauty, were but right.

307.12

This wicked woman had a wicked sonne,
2 The comfort of her age and weary dayes,
A laesie loord, for nothing good to donne,
4 But stretched forth in idlenesse alwayes,
Ne euer cast his mind to couet prayse,
6 Or ply him selfe to any honest trade,
But all the day before the sunny rayes
8 He vs'd to slug, or sleepe in slothfull shade:
Such laesinesse both lewd and poore attonce him made.

1 This wicked woman had a wicked son, 2 The comfort of her age and weary days, 3 A lazy lourd, for nothing good to do,

lourd > sluggard; lout (formed on French lourd, heavy; for another interpretation, see SC, gloss to "Julye". The spelling "loord" may also be intended to connote "lord") for nothing good to do > [good for nothing]

4 But stretched forth in idleness always, 5 Ne ever cast his mind to covet praise,

Ne ever > And never praise > merit; virtue (here esp. that associated with praiseworthy deeds)

6 Or ply himself to any honest trade,

ply > apply

7 But all the day before the sunny rays 8 He used to slug, or sleep in slothful shade:

slug > act lazily, waste his time

9 Such laziness both lewd and poor at once him made.

lewd > ignorant; good for nothing; unchaste at once > together, simultaneously

307.13

He comming home at vndertime, there found
2 The fairest creature, that he euer saw,
Sitting beside his mother on the ground;
4 The sight whereof did greatly him adaw,
And his base thought with terrour and with aw
6 So inly smot, that as one, which +had+ gazed
On the bright Sunne vnwares, doth soone withdraw
8 His feeble eyne, with too much brightnesse dazed;
So stared he on her, and stood long while amazed.

6 had > hath 1590

1 He, coming home at undern-time, there found

undern-time > {The third hour of the day, i.e. about 9 a.m.; noon; the afternoon or evening. Hamilton (1980) suggests that "noon" makes good contextual sense, since the witch's son finds Florimell as dazzling as "the bright Sunne"}

2 The fairest creature that he ever saw, 3 Sitting beside his mother on the ground; 4 The sight whereof did greatly him adaw,

whereof > of whom adaw > confound, daunt, daze (from OFr adanter: cf. SC, gloss to "Februarie"); also, on a second reading of Cantos vii and viii: awaken (cognate with "dawn") whence: arouse (i.e. sexually. "Daw" (aphetic for "jackdaw") in early Scottish and northern dialect also means "simpleton" (cf. Hubberd 913); thus Spenser might have intended that the verb "to adaw" should also connote "to dumbfound")

5 And his base thought with terror and with awe 6 So inly smote that, as one who had gazed

inly > inwardly

7 On the bright sun unwares does soon withdraw

unwares > unwittingly

8 His feeble eyes, with too much brightness dazed, 9 So stared he on her, and stood long while amazed.

So > (The parenthesis causes a problem, but the meaning is clear)

307.14

Softly at last he gan his mother aske,
2 What mister wight that was, and whence deriued,
That in so straunge disguizement there did maske,
4 And by what accident she there arriued:
But she, as one nigh of her wits depriued,
6 With nought but ghastly lookes him answered,
Like to a ghost, that lately is reuiued
8 From Stygian shores, where late it wandered;
So both at her, and each at other wondered.

1 Softly at last he gan his mother ask

gan > did

2 What mister wight that was, and whence derived,

mister wight > sort of person (mister = occupation; hence: class, sort)

3 That in so strange disguisement there did mask,

so > such disguisement > {Disguise; clothing different from that which is considered customary} mask > disguise [herself]; masquerade

4 And by what accident she there arrived: 5 But she, as one nigh of her wits deprived, 6 With naught but ghastly looks him answered,

ghastly > frightful, terrible (as if induced by fear of the supernatural)

7 Like a ghost, that lately is revived

revived > brought back to life

8 From Stygian shores, where late it wandered;

Stygian > {Of the River Styx, one of the five rivers of hell; the river across which dead souls must pass. See Aen. 6.312 ff.} late > recently

9 So both at her, and each at other wondered.

wondered > marvelled

307.15

But the faire Virgin was so meeke and mild,
2 That she to them vouchsafed to embace
Her goodly port, and to their senses vild,
4 Her gentle speach applide, that in short space
She grew familiare in that desert place.
6 During which time, the Chorle through her so kind
And curteise vse conceiu'd affection bace,
8 And cast to loue her in his brutish mind;
No loue, but brutish lust, that was so beastly tind.

1 But the fair virgin was so meek and mild 2 That she to them vouchsafed to embase

embase > degrade, humiliate

3 Her goodly port, and to their senses vile

port > rank, social station

4 Her gentle speech applied, that in short space

gentle > gracious, courteous; noble; gentle applied > directed that > [so that] space > time

5 She grew familiar in that desert place.

familiar > {On a family footing} desert > lonely

6 During which time the churl, through her so kind

churl > rustic, boor

7 And courteous use, conceived affection base, 8 And cast to love her in his brutish mind;

cast > resolved

9 No love, but brutish lust, that was so beastly tinded.

beastly tinded > bestially kindled

307.16

Closely the wicked flame his bowels brent,
2 And shortly grew into outrageous fire;
Yet had he not the hart, nor hardiment,
4 As vnto her to vtter his desire;
His caytiue thought durst not so high aspire,
6 But with soft sighes, and louely semblaunces,
He ween'd that his affection entire
8 She should aread; many resemblaunces
To her he made, and many kind remembraunces.

1 Closely the wicked flame his bowels burnt,

Closely > Secretly; closely bowels > {Heart, breast; internal organs generally}

2 And shortly grew into outrageous fire;

outrageous > violent; outrageous

3 Yet had he not the heart, nor hardiment,

had he > [he had] hardiment > boldness

4 As to her to utter his desire; 5 His caitiff thought dared not so high aspire,

caitiff > servile; despicable

6 But with soft sighs, and lovely semblances,

lovely > loving

7 He weened that his affection entire

weened > imagined, supposed entire > entire; unreserved; inward (cf. e.g. 408.23:9); blameless

8 She should aread; many resemblances

aread > divine resemblances > shows (of some quality; here, of love)

9 To her he made, and many kind remembrances.

remembrances > mentions, notices (i.e. he also paid her many compliments)

307.17

Oft from the forrest wildings he did bring,
2 Whose sides empurpled were with smiling red,
And oft young birds, which he had taught to sing
4 His mistresse prayses, sweetly caroled,
Girlonds of flowres sometimes for her faire hed
6 He fine would dight; sometimes the squirell wild
He brought to her in bands, as conquered
8 To be her thrall, his fellow seruant vild;
All which, she of him tooke with countenance meeke and mild.

1 Oft from the forest wildings he did bring,

wildings > wild apples

2 Whose sides empurpled were with smiling red,

empurpled > reddened

3 And oft young birds, which he had taught to sing 4 His mistress' praises, sweetly carolled;

carolled > sung; sang, celebrated [her praises] with song

5 Garlands of flowers sometimes for her fair head 6 He finely would dight; sometimes the squirrel wild

dight > prepare; arrange

7 He brought to her in bonds, as conquered

as > [as though]

8 To be her thrall, his fellow servant vile;

thrall > slave vile > lowly, wretched

9 All which she of him took with countenance meek and mild.

of > from mild > mild; gracious, kind (cf. 307.15:1)

307.18

But past awhile, when she fit season saw
2 To leaue that desert mansion, she cast
In secret wize her selfe thence to withdraw,
4 For feare of mischiefe, which she did forecast
Might +by+ the witch or +by+ her sonne compast:
6 Her wearie Palfrey closely, as she might,
Now well recouered after long repast,
8 In his proud furnitures she freshly dight,
His late miswandred wayes now to remeasure right.

5 by > be 1596, 1609 5 by > that _1596, 1609; in the 1590 reading, "be" must be understood before _compast

1 But past awhile, when she fit season saw

past awhile > [when some time had passed] season > occasion; opportunity

2 To leave that desert mansion, she cast

desert > lonely mansion > lodging, place of abode cast > resolved

3 In secret wise herself thence to withdraw,

wise > manner

4 For fear of mischief, which she did forecast

mischief > evil forecast > conjecture

5 Might by the witch or by her son compassed:

compassed > [be] contrived

6 Her weary palfrey, closely as she might

palfrey > {Saddle-horse for ladies} closely > [as] secretly might > could

7 (Now well recovered after long repast), 8 In his proud furnitures she freshly dight,

furnitures > harness, fittings dight > arranged

9 His late miswandered ways now to remeasure right.

late > recent miswandered > errant remeasure > traverse again, retrace

307.19

And earely ere the dawning day appeard,
2 She forth issewed, and on her iourney went;
She went in perill, of each noyse affeard,
4 And of each shade, that did it selfe present;
For still she feared to be ouerhent,
6 Of that vile hag, or +her+ vnciuile sonne:
Who when too late awaking, well they kent,
8 That their faire guest was gone, they both begonne
To make exceeding mone, as they had bene vndonne.

6 her > that 1609

1 And early, ere the dawning day appeared, 2 She forth issued, and on her journey went; 3 She went in peril, of each noise afeard,

afeard > frightened

4 And of each shade that did itself present;

shade > shadow

5 For still she feared to be overhent

still > continually overhent > overtaken (cf. 304.49:8)

6 Of that vile hag or her uncivil son:

Of > By uncivil > uncivilized, barbaric

7 Who, when too late awaking, well they kenned

kenned > discovered

8 That their fair guest was gone, they both began 9 To make exceeding moan, as they had been undone.

moan > lamentation as > [as if]

307.20

But that lewd louer did the most lament
2 For her depart, that euer man did heare;
He knockt his brest with desperate intent,
4 And scratcht his face, and with his teeth did teare
His rugged flesh, and rent his ragged heare:
6 That his sad mother seeing his sore plight,
Was greatly woe begon, and gan to feare,
8 Least his fraile senses were emperisht quight,
And loue to frenzy turnd, sith loue is franticke hight.

1 But that lewd lover did the most lament

lewd > ignorant; lewd (cf. 307.12:9)

2 For her depart that ever man did hear;

depart > departure

3 He knocked his breast with desperate intent,

intent > frame of mind; purpose

4 And scratched his face, and with his teeth did tear 5 His rugged flesh, and rent his ragged hair:

rent > tore

6 That his sad mother, seeing his sore plight,

That his > [His; so that his]

7 Was greatly woe-begone, and began to fear 8 Lest his frail senses were emperished quite,

emperished > impaired

9 And love to frenzy turned, sith love is frantic hight.

sith > since hight > called

307.21

All wayes she sought, him to restore to plight,
2 With herbs, with charms, with counsell, and with teares,
But tears, nor charms, nor herbs, nor counsell might
4 Asswage the fury, which his entrails teares:
So strong is passion, that no reason heares.
6 Tho when all other helpes she saw to faile,
She turnd her selfe backe to her wicked leares
8 And by her deuilish arts thought to preuaile,
To bring her backe againe, or worke her finall bale.

1 All ways she sought, him to restore to plight,

plight > health

2 With herbs, with charms, with counsel, and with tears,

charms > spells

3 But tears, nor charms, nor herbs, nor counsel might

might > could

4 Assuage the fury which his entrails tears: 5 So strong is passion, that no reason hears. 6 Tho, when all other helps she saw to fail,

Tho > Then helps > {Means of assistance}

7 She turned herself back to her wicked lears,

lears > doctrines, lessons

8 And by her devilish arts thought to prevail, 9 To bring her back again, or work her final bale.

work > cause bale > torment, suffering; infliction of death (final bale = death: cf. 106.48:7, 109.51:8)

307.22

Eftsoones out of her hidden caue she cald
2 An hideous beast, of horrible aspect,
That could the stoutest courage haue appald;
4 +Monstrous+ mishapt, and his backe was spect
With thousand spots of colours queint elect,
6 Thereto so swift, that it all beasts did pas:
Like neuer yet did liuing eye detect;
8 But likest it to an Hyena was,
That feeds on womens flesh, as others feede on gras.

4 Monstrous > Monstrous, 1590

1 Eftsoons out of her hidden cave she called

Eftsoons > Thereupon; forthwith; presently

2 A hideous beast, of horrible aspect,

hideous > hideous; odious; perhaps: immense aspect > appearance; visage

3 That could the stoutest courage have appalled;

stoutest > bravest; boldest appalled > caused to fade; hence: quelled

4 Monstrous mis-shapen, and his back was specked

mis-shapen > deformed; shaped with evil intent, misformed (as 101.55:9)

5 With thousand spots of colours quaint elect,

quaint > cunningly, ingeniously, strangely; and adj. elect > elected: chosen (if "quaint" is adv.); [and] select (if "quaint" is adj.)

6 Thereto so swift that he all beasts did pass:

Thereto > Moreover pass > surpass

7 Like never yet did living eye detect;

Like > [The like]

8 But likest he to a hyena was,

likest he to > [he most like]

9 That feeds on women's flesh as others feed on grass.

307.23

It forth she cald, and gaue it streight in charge,
2 Through thicke and thin her to pursew apace,
Ne once to stay to rest, or breath at large,
4 Till her he had attaind, and brought in place,
Or quite deuourd her beauties scornefull grace.
6 The Monster swift as word, that from her went,
Went forth in hast, and did her footing trace
8 So sure and swiftly, through his perfect sent,
And passing speede, that shortly he her ouerhent.

1 It forth she called, and gave it straight in charge

straight > straightway; strait: strictly

2 Through thick and thin her to pursue apace,

apace > swiftly, at speed

3 Nor once to stay to rest, or breathe at large,

stay > halt at large > at liberty, freely

4 Till her he had attained, and brought in place,

attained > overtaken, caught in place > there (i.e. back to the witch's cottage)

5 Or quite devoured her beauty's scornful grace. 6 The monster, swift as word that from her went, 7 Went forth in haste, and did her footing trace

footing > trail

8 So sure and swiftly, through his perfect scent,

scent > {Sense of smell}

9 And passing speed, that shortly he her overhent.

passing > surpassing overhent > overtook

307.24

Whom when the fearefull Damzell nigh espide,
2 No need to bid her fast away to flie;
That vgly shape so sore her terrifide,
4 That it she shund no lesse, then dread to die,
And her flit Palfrey did so well apply
6 His nimble feet to her conceiued feare,
That whilest his breath did strength to him supply,
8 From perill free he her away did beare:
But when his force gan faile, his pace gan wex areare.

1 Whom when the fearful damsel nigh espied,

nigh > close (qualifying the creature)

2 No need to bid her fast away to fly;

fly > flee

3 That ugly shape so sore her terrified 4 That it she shunned no less than dread to die,

dread to die > [the fear of death]

5 And her flit palfrey did so well apply

flit > fleet, swift apply > adapt, conform

6 His nimble feet to her conceived fear 7 That, whilst his breath did strength to him supply, 8 From peril free he her away did bear: 9 But when his force gan fail, his pace gan wax arear.

gan > began to; did wax arear > grow rearwards, hence: slacken

307.25

Which whenas she perceiu'd, she was dismayd
2 At that same last extremitie full sore,
And of her safetie greatly grew afrayd;
4 And now she gan approch to the sea shore,
As it befell, that she could flie no more,
6 But yield her selfe to spoile of greedinesse.
Lightly she leaped, as a wight forlore,
8 From her dull horse, in desperate distresse,
And to her feet betooke her doubtfull sickernesse.

1 Which when she perceived, she was dismayed 2 At that same last extremity full sore,

At > By full sore > very greatly, exceedingly grievously

3 And of her safety greatly grew afraid; 4 And now she gan approach to the sea-shore,

gan > began to

5 As it befell, that she could fly no more,

that > [so that] fly > flee

6 But yield herself to spoil of greediness. 7 Lightly she leapt, as a wight forlore,

Lightly > Quickly wight > person, woman forlore > forsaken

8 From her dull horse, in desperate distress,

dull > slow, sluggish

9 And to her feet betook her doubtful sickerness.

betook > entrusted sickerness > security

307.26

Not halfe so fast the wicked Myrrha fled
2 From dread of her reuenging fathers hond:
Nor halfe so fast to saue her maidenhed,
4 Fled fearefull Daphne on th'AEg{ae}an strond,
As Florimell fled from that Monster yond,
6 To reach the sea, ere she of him were raught:
For in the sea to drowne her selfe she fond,
8 Rather then of the tyrant to be caught:
Thereto feare gaue her wings, and neede her courage taught.

1 Not half so fast the wicked Myrrha fled

Myrrha > (Whose incestuous desire for her own father led to her transformation into a tree: see Met. 10.312 ff.)

2 From dread of her revenging father's hand: 3 Nor half so fast, to save her maidenhead, 4 Fled fearful Daphne on the Aegean strand,

Aegean > (Daphne was the daughter of the river-god Peneus, in
Thessaly, the largest division of Greece, which is bounded on the
east by the Aegean Sea)
strand > shore

5 As Florimell fled from that monster yond,

yond > mad, furious; also: yonder

6 To reach the sea, ere she of him were raught:

of > by raught > reached, laid hold of, seized

7 For in the sea to drown herself she fond,

fond > [would] fond: [would] try; or perhaps a contortion of: fained: was eager, desired

8 Rather than of the tyrant to be caught:

of > by

9 Thereto fear gave her wings, and need her courage taught.

Thereto > To that purpose

307.27

It fortuned (high God did so ordaine)
2 As she arriued on the roring shore,
In minde to leape into the mighty maine,
4 A little boate lay houing her before,
In which there slept a fisher old and pore,
6 The whiles his nets were drying on the sand:
Into the same she leapt, and with the ore
8 Did thrust the shallop from the floting strand:
So safetie found at sea, which she found not at land.

1 It fortuned (high God did so ordain) 2 As she arrived on the roaring shore 3 (In mind to leap into the mighty main)

main > main ocean, high sea; sea

4 A little boat lay hoving her before,

hoving > {Lingering; floating; heaving, rising and falling with the waves}

5 In which there slept a fisher old and poor,

fisher > fisherman

6 The whiles his nets were drying on the sand:

The whiles > While

7 Into the same she leapt, and with the oar 8 Did thrust the shallop from the floating strand:

shallop > dinghy strand > shore

9 So safety found at sea, which she found not at land.

307.28

The Monster ready on the pray to sease,
2 Was of his forward hope deceiued quight;
Ne durst assay to wade the perlous seas,
4 But greedily long gaping at the sight,
At last in vaine was forst to turne his flight,
6 And tell the idle tidings to his Dame:
Yet to auenge his deuilish despight,
8 He set vpon her Palfrey tired lame,
And slew him cruelly, ere any reskew came.

1 The monster, ready on the prey to seize,

seize > {Fasten his claws: SUS}

2 Was of his forward hope deceived quite;

forward > eager; well advanced; presumptuous, extreme deceived > deprived

3 Nor dared essay to wade the perilous seas,

essay > try

4 But, greedily long gaping at the sight,

greedily > eagerly

5 At last in vain was forced to turn his flight, 6 And tell the idle tidings to his dame:

idle > empty, futile

7 Yet, to avenge his devilish despite,

despite > rage, malice

8 He set upon her palfrey tired lame,

lame > [and lame]

9 And slew him cruelly, ere any rescue came.

307.29

And after hauing him embowelled,
2 To fill his +hellish+ gorge, it chaunst a knight
To passe that way, as forth he trauelled;
4 It was a goodly Swaine, and of great might,
As euer man that bloudy field did fight;
6 But in vaine sheows, that wont yong knights bewitch,
And courtly seruices tooke no delight,
8 But rather ioyd to be, then seemen sich:
For both to be and seeme to him was labour lich.

2 hellish > bellish 1596

1 And after having him embowelled,

embowelled > disembowelled

2 To fill his hellish gorge, it chanced a knight

gorge > maw

3 To pass that way, as forth he travelled; 4 He was a goodly swain, and of great might,

goodly > well-favoured; fine swain > young man; gallant (with connotation of "rustic")

5 As ever man that bloody field did fight;

man > [any man] field > battle

6 But in vain shows, that wont young knights bewitch,

vain > empty, useless; foolish, proud shows > {Ostentatious displays, pretensions} wont > are accustomed bewitch > [to bewitch]

7 And courtly services took no delight,

courtly > [in courtly] took > [he took]

8 But rather joyed to be, than seem such:

joyed > rejoiced, took pleasure

9 For both to be and seem to him was labour like.

labour like > [the same labour]

307.30

It was to weete the good Sir Satyrane,
2 That raungd abroad to seeke aduentures wilde,
As was his wont in forrest, and in plaine;
4 He was all armd in rugged steele vnfilde,
As in the smoky forge it was compilde,
6 And in his Scutchin bore a Satyres hed:
He comming present, where the Monster vilde
8 Vpon that milke-white Palfreyes carkas fed,
Vnto his reskew ran, and greedily him sped.

1 It was to weet the good Sir Satyrane,

to weet > to wit

2 That ranged abroad to seek adventures wild,

abroad > broadly, widely; in different directions

3 As was his wont in forest, and in plain; 4 He was all armed in rugged steel unfiled,

unfiled > [not smoothed with the file]

5 As in the smoky forge it was compiled,

compiled > constructed, hence: fashioned, hammered out

6 And in his scutcheon bore a satyr's head:

scutcheon > escutcheon, shield satyr > (Satyrs are horned forest spirits, man-like above and goat- like below, usually portrayed as more or less lustful. In Roman mythology, Satyr, one of the satyrs, is a companion of Bacchus with long, pointed ears, behind which are the stumps of horns, with the tail of a goat, bristly hair, and a flat nose. See 106.20 ff.)

7 He coming present, where the monster vile

present > there; speedily (said of a remedy); ready with assistance

8 Upon that milk-white palfrey's carcase fed, 9 To his rescue ran, and greedily him sped.

greedily > eagerly, zealously sped > sent with speed; hence: caused to run away (but see 307.32:4)

307.31

There well perceiu'd he, that it was the horse,
2 Whereon faire Florimell was wont to ride,
That of that feend was rent without remorse:
4 Much feared he, least ought did ill betide
To that faire Mayd, the flowre of womens pride;
6 For her he dearely loued, and in all
His famous conquests highly magnifide:
8 Besides her golden girdle, which did fall
From her in flight, he found, that did him sore apall.

1 There well perceived he that it was the horse 2 Whereon fair Florimell was wont to ride,

wont > accustomed

3 That of that fiend was rent without remorse:

of > by rent > torn to pieces remorse > pity, compassion

4 Much feared he, lest aught did ill betide

aught > anything ill betide > evilly happen

5 To that fair maid, the flower of women's pride; 6 For her he dearly loved, and in all 7 His famous conquests highly magnified:

magnified > glorified

8 Besides her golden girdle, which did fall

Besides > {By the side, nearby}

9 From her in flight, he found, that did him sore appal.

appal > dismay

307.32

Full of sad feare, and doubtfull agony,
2 Fiercely he flew vpon that wicked feend,
And with huge strokes, and cruell battery
4 Him forst to leaue his pray, for to attend
Him selfe from deadly daunger to defend:
6 Full many wounds in his corrupted flesh
He did engraue, and muchell bloud did spend,
8 Yet might not do him dye, but aye more fresh
And fierce he still appeard, the more he did him thresh.

1 Full of sad fear, and doubtful agony,

sad > grievous; heavy; sad doubtful agony > fearful mental anguish

2 Fiercely he flew upon that wicked fiend, 3 And with huge strokes, and cruel battery

battery > battering; assault with many blows

4 Him forced to leave his prey, to attend

leave his prey > (Apparently contradicting 307.30:9) attend > turn his energies

5 Himself from deadly danger to defend: 6 Full many wounds in his corrupted flesh

Full > Exceedingly

7 He did engrave, and mickle blood did spend,

engrave > cut, carve mickle > much

8 Yet might not do him die, but ay more fresh

might not do him die > [could not kill him] ay > ever

9 And fierce he still appeared, the more he did him thrash.

still > ever, continually

307.33

He wist not, how him to despoile of life,
2 Ne how to win the wished victory,
Sith him he saw still stronger grow through strife,
4 And him selfe weaker through infirmity;
Greatly he grew enrag'd, and furiously
6 Hurling his sword away, he lightly lept
Vpon the beast, that with great cruelty
8 Rored, and raged to be vnder-kept:
Yet he perforce him held, and strokes vpon him hept.

1 He wist not how him to despoil of life,

wist > knew

2 Nor how to win the wished victory, 3 Sith him he saw still stronger grow through strife,

Sith > Since still > ever; yet

4 And himself weaker through infirmity;

infirmity > weakness; hence: fatigue; also, in tune with the allegory: weakness of character, moral frailty

5 Greatly he grew enraged, and furiously 6 Hurling his sword away, he lightly leapt

lightly > quickly

7 Upon the beast, that with great cruelty 8 Roared, and raged to be under-kept: 9 Yet he perforce him held, and strokes upon him heaped.

perforce > by force

307.34

As he that striues to stop a suddein flood,
2 And in strong banckes his violence +enclose+,
Forceth it swell aboue his wonted mood,
4 And largely ouerflow the fruitfull plaine,
That all the countrey seemes to be a Maine,
6 And the rich furrowes flote, all quite fordonne:
The wofull husbandman doth lowd complaine,
8 To see his whole yeares labour lost so soone,
For which to God he made so many an idle boone.

2 enclose > containe sugg. various editors

1 As he that strives to stop a sudden flood, 2 And in strong banks its violence enclose,

enclose > [does] contain, [to] contain

3 Forces it swell above its wonted mode,

swell > [to swell] wonted > customary mode > way of being; hence: level

4 And largely overflow the fruitful plain,

largely > copiously; freely

5 That all the country seems to be a main,

That > [So that] main > {Broad expanse of water}

6 And the rich furrows float, all quite fordone:

fordone > ruined

7 The woeful husbandman does loud complain, 8 To see his whole year's labour lost so soon, 9 For which to God he made so many an idle boon.

idle boon > useless prayer

307.35

So him he held, and did through might amate:
2 So long he held him, and him bet so long,
That at the last his fiercenesse gan abate,
4 And meekely stoup vnto the victour strong:
Who to auenge the implacable wrong,
6 Which he supposed donne to Florimell,
Sought by all meanes his dolour to prolong,
8 Sith dint of steele his carcas could not quell:
His maker with her charmes had framed him so well.

1 So him he held, and did through might amate:

So > Thus, in this manner might amate > strength subdue

2 So long he held him, and him beat so long, 3 That at the last his fierceness gan abate,

gan > did

4 And meekly stoop to the victor strong: 5 Who, to avenge the implacable wrong 6 Which he supposed done to Florimell, 7 Sought by all means his dolour to prolong,

dolour > pain

8 Sith dint of steel his carcase could not quell:

Sith > Since dint > dint; blow, impact carcase > body quell > destroy; kill

9 His maker with her charms had framed him so well.

charms > spells framed > made

307.36

The golden ribband, which that virgin wore
2 About her +sclender+ wast, he tooke in hand,
And with it bound the beast, that lowd did rore
4 For great despight of that vnwonted band,
Yet dared not his victour to withstand,
6 But trembled like a lambe, fled from the pray,
And all the way him followd on the strand,
8 As he had long bene learned to obay;
Yet neuer learned he such seruice, till that day.

2 sclender > slender 1609

1 The golden riband, which that virgin wore

riband > ribbon

2 About her slender waste, he took in hand, 3 And with it bound the beast, that loud did roar 4 For great despite of that unwonted bond,

despite > disdain; defiance unwonted > unaccustomed

5 Yet dared not his victor to withstand, 6 But trembled like a lamb, fled from the prey,

the prey > [the action of preying; hence: the scene of the attack]

7 And all the way him followed on the strand,

strand > shore

8 As he had long been learned to obey;

As > [As though] learned > taught

9 Yet never learned he such service, till that day.

307.37

Thus as he led the Beast along the way,
2 He spide far off a mighty Giauntesse,
Fast flying on a Courser dapled gray,
4 From a bold knight, that with great hardinesse
Her hard pursewd, and sought for to suppresse;
6 She bore before her lap a dolefull Squire,
Lying athwart her horse in great distresse,
8 Fast bounden hand and foote with cords of wire,
Whom she did meane to make the thrall of her desire.

1 Thus as he led the beast along the way, 2 He spied far off a mighty giantess, 3 Fast flying, on a courser dappled grey,

flying > fleeing

4 From a bold knight, that with great hardiness 5 Her hard pursued, and sought to suppress;

hard > closely; strenuously suppress > stop, arrest; vanquish

6 She bore before her lap a doleful squire

squire > knight's attendant

7 (Lying athwart her horse in great distress, 8 Fast bound, hand and foot, with cords of wire),

Fast > Firmly

9 Whom she did mean to make the thrall of her desire.

thrall > slave

307.38

Which whenas Satyrane beheld, in hast
2 He left his captiue Beast at liberty,
And crost the nearest way, by which he cast
4 Her to encounter, ere she passed by:
But she the way shund nathemore for thy,
6 But forward gallopt fast; which when he spyde,
His mighty speare he couched warily,
8 And at her ran: she hauing him descryde,
Her selfe to fight addrest, and threw her lode aside.

1 Which when Satyrane beheld, in haste 2 He left his captive beast at liberty, 3 And crossed the nearest way, by which he cast

cast > contrived; resolved

4 Her to encounter, ere she passed by:

encounter > go to meet; face as an adversary

5 But she the way shunned nathemore for-thy,

But > (Pleonastic) nathemore for-thy > not at all for that reason (i.e. she did not alter her course because of that)

6 But forward galloped fast; which when he spied, 7 His mighty spear he couched warily,

couched warily > {Carefully lowered and placed in its rest, ready for attack}

8 And at her ran: she, having him descried, 9 Herself to fight addressed, and threw her load aside.

addressed > prepared

307.39

Like as a Goshauke, that in foote doth beare
2 A trembling Culuer, hauing spied on hight
An Egle, that with plumy wings doth sheare
4 The subtile ayre, stouping with all his might,
The quarrey throwes to ground with fell despight,
6 And to the battell doth her selfe prepare:
So ran the Geauntesse vnto the fight;
8 Her firie eyes with furious sparkes did stare,
And with blasphemous bannes high God in peeces tare.

1 Like a goshawk, that in foot does bear 2 A trembling culver, having spied on high

culver > dove; woodpigeon

3 An eagle (that with plumy wings does shear 4 The subtile air, stooping with all his might),

subtile > rarefied stooping > swooping; descending from a height; descending on his prey

5 The quarry throws to ground with fell despite,

The quarry > [Her prey] fell > fierce, terrible despite > rage; defiance

6 And to the battle does herself prepare: 7 So ran the giantess to the fight; 8 Her fiery eyes with furious sparks did stare,

stare > glare

9 And with blasphemous bans high God in pieces tore.

bans > curses, imprecations

307.40

She caught in hand an huge great yron mace,
2 Wherewith she many had of life depriued,
But ere the stroke could seize his aymed place,
4 His speare amids her sun-broad shield arriued;
Yet nathemore the steele a sunder riued,
6 All were the beame in bignesse like a mast,
Ne her out of the stedfast sadle driued,
8 But glauncing on the tempred mettall, brast
In thousand shiuers, and so forth beside her past.

1 She caught in hand a huge great iron mace, 2 Wherewith she many had of life deprived,

Wherewith > With which

3 But, ere the stroke could seize its aimed place,

seize > take possession of; fasten upon (latter is SUS)

4 His spear amidst her sun-broad shield arrived:

amidst > in the middle of

5 Yet nathemore the steel asunder rived,

nathemore > not at all rived > split; tore

6 All were the beam in bigness like a mast;

All > Although

7 Nor her out of the steadfast saddle drove, 8 But, glancing on the tempered metal, burst 9 In thousand shivers, and so forth beside her passed.

307.41

Her Steed did stagger with that puissaunt strooke;
2 But she no more was moued with that might,
Then it had lighted on an aged Oke;
4 Or on the marble Pillour, that is pight
Vpon the top of Mount Olympus hight,
6 For the braue youthly Champions to assay,
With burning charet wheeles it nigh to smite:
8 But who that smites it, mars his ioyous play,
And is the spectacle of ruinous decay.

1 Her steed did stagger with that puissant stroke;

puissant > powerful

2 But she no more was moved with that might

might > force

3 Than it had lighted on an aged oak;

it had > [had it] lighted on > alighted on, struck

4 Or on the marble pillar that is pight

pight > placed

5 Upon the top of Mount Olympus' height,

height > summit ("The assumption that Mount Olympus was the site of the Olympic Games appears also in Sidney's Apology for Poetry; but Spenser may have been misled by the obscure language of the Mythologiae of Natales Comes (5.1)": Maclean (1982) 286)

6 For the brave youthly champions to essay,

essay > attempt

7 With burning charet wheels, it nigh to smite:

charet > chariot

8 But who that smites it mars his joyous play,

who that > [whoever]

9 And is the spectacle of ruinous decay.

spectacle > example; model, pattern decay > downfall, destruction

307.42

Yet therewith sore enrag'd, with sterne regard
2 Her dreadfull weapon she to him addrest,
Which on his helmet martelled so hard,
4 That made him low incline his lofty crest,
And bowd his battred visour to his brest:
6 Wherewith he was so stund, that he n'ote ryde,
But reeled to and fro from East to West:
8 Which when his cruell enimy espyde,
She lightly vnto him adioyned side to syde;

1 Yet therewith sore enraged, with stern regard

therewith > with that ["with that puissaunt strooke">[ stern > fierce, merciless regard > aspect; look, gaze; care, attention

2 Her dreadful weapon she to him addressed,

to > at addressed > directed

3 Which on his helmet martelled so hard

martelled > hammered (esp. as with an iron war-hammer; SU)

4 That made him low incline his lofty crest,

That > [That it]

5 And bowed his battered visor to his breast: 6 Wherewith he was so stunned that he no'te ride,

Wherewith > With which no'te > could not

7 But reeled to and fro from east to west: 8 Which when his cruel enemy espied, 9 She lightly to him adjoined side to side;

lightly > quickly to him adjoined side to side > [came alongside him]

307.43

And on his collar laying puissant hand,
2 Out of his wauering seat him pluckt perforse,
Perforse him pluckt, vnable to withstand,
4 Or helpe himselfe, and laying thwart her horse,
In loathly wise like to a carion corse,
6 She bore him fast away. Which when the knight,
That her pursewed, +saw+ with great +remorse,+
8 He neare was touched in his noble spright,
And gan encrease his speed, as she encreast her flight.

7 saw > saw, 1609 7 remorse, > remorse 1609

1 And, on his collar laying puissant hand,

puissant > powerful

2 Out of his wavering seat him plucked perforce,

perforce > by force

3 Perforce him plucked, unable to withstand, 4 Or help himself, and laying thwart her horse,

laying > [laying him] thwart > athwart, across

5 In loathly wise, like a carrion corse,

loathly wise > [a] loathsome manner carrion corse > dead body

6 She bore him fast away. Which when the knight 7 That her pursued saw, with great remorse

remorse > compassion

8 He near was touched in his noble spirit,

near > closely; hence: deeply

9 And gan increase his speed, as she increased her flight.

gan > did

307.44

Whom when as nigh approching she espyde,
2 She threw away her burden angrily;
For she list not the battell to abide,
4 But made her selfe more light, away to fly:
Yet her the hardy knight pursewd so nye,
6 That almost in the backe he oft her strake:
But still when him at hand she did espy,
8 She turnd, and semblaunce of faire fight did make;
But when he stayd, to flight againe she did her take.

1 Whom when nigh approaching she espied, 2 She threw away her burden angrily; 3 For she list not the battle to abide,

list > chose abide > await, attend, await the issue of; face, endure

4 But made herself more light, away to fly:

fly > flee

5 Yet her the hardy knight pursued so nigh 6 That almost in the back he oft her struck: 7 But still, when him at hand she did espy,

still > ever, continually

8 She turned, and semblance of fair fight did make; 9 But when he stayed, to flight again she did herself take.

307.45

By this +the+ good Sir Satyrane gan +wake+
2 Out of his dreame, that did him long entraunce,
And seeing none in place, he gan to make
4 Exceeding mone, and curst that cruell chaunce,
Which reft +from him+ so faire a cheuisaunce:
6 At length he spide, whereas that wofull Squire,
Whom he had reskewed from captiuaunce
8 Of his strong foe, lay tombled in the myre,
Vnable to arise, or foot or hand to styre.

1 the > omitted from 1596 and 1609 1 wake > awake 1609 5 from him > him from 1609

1 By this the good Sir Satyrane gan wake

By this > By this time gan > did; began to

2 Out of his dream, that did him long entrance, 3 And, seeing none in place, he began to make

none in place > no one there

4 Exceeding moan, and cursed that cruel chance

moan > lamentation

5 Which reft from him so fair a chevisance:

reft > took chevisance > enterprise, knightly enterprise (catachr.)

6 At length he spied where that woeful squire, 7 Whom he had rescued from captivance

captivance > captivity (WUS)

8 Of his strong foe, lay tumbled in the mire, 9 Unable to arise, +or+ foot or hand to stir.

or > either

307.46

To whom approching, well he mote perceiue
2 In that foule plight a comely personage,
And louely face, made fit for to deceiue
4 Fraile Ladies hart with loues consuming rage,
Now in the blossome of his freshest age:
6 He reard him vp, and loosd his yron bands,
And after gan inquire his parentage,
8 And how he fell into +that+ Gyaunts hands,
And who that was, which chaced her along the lands.

8 that > the 1590

1 To whom approaching, well he might perceive

might > could

2 In that foul plight a comely personage,

foul plight > [befouled state, i.e. the squire is covered in mud] personage > {The body and appearance as distinct from the clothing}

3 And lovely face, made fit to deceive

lovely > loving, kind; lovable deceive > betray, prove false to

4 Frail ladies' heart with love's consuming rage,

Frail > weak; morally weak

5 Now in the blossom of his freshest age: 6 He reared him up, and loosed his iron bonds,

iron > [wire: see 307.37:8]

7 And after gan inquire his parentage,

gan inquire > did ask about

8 And how he fell into that giant's hands, 9 And who that was, who chased her along the lands.

lands > land, landscape (contrived for the rhyme)

307.47

Then trembling yet through feare, the Squire bespake,
2 That Geauntesse Argante is behight,
A daughter of the Titans which did make
4 Warre against heauen, and heaped hils on hight,
To scale the skyes, and put Ioue from his right:
6 Her sire Typh{oe}us was, who mad through merth,
And drunke with bloud of men, slaine by his might,
8 Through incest, her of his owne mother Earth
Whilome begot, being but halfe twin of that berth.

1 Then, trembling yet through fear, the squire bespoke,

bespoke > said

2 "That giantess Argante is behight,

Argante > "Shining", "Glistening" (i.e. with lust); "Swift-footed" (argos, shining, glistening, is also applied in classical Greek to the legs of running dogs, as rapid motion is said to cause a flickering light. Argante is described as "fast flying" at 307.37:3, and has a "sun-broad shield" (307.40:4). Alter- natively, the name might be derived from that of Arges, one of the Titans) behight > named (catachr.)

3 A daughter of the Titans which did make

Titans > (A slip for the Giants, who piled Mount Ossa on Mount Pelion in order to scale Mount Olympus and dethrone Jupiter (Met. 1.151 ff.))

4 War against heaven, and heaped hills on high, 5 To scale the skies, and put Jove from his right: 6 Her sire Typhoeus was, who, mad through mirth,

sire > father

7 And drunk with blood of men slain by his might, 8 Through incest, her of his own mother, Earth,

of > by Earth > (Typhoeus was the youngest son of Ge (Earth) and Tartarus, who was in turn the son of Ge and Aether (Sky))

9 Whilom begot, being but half twin of that birth.

Whilom > Anciently

307.48

For at that berth another Babe she bore,
2 To weet the mighty Ollyphant, that wrought
Great wreake to many errant knights of yore,
4 +And many hath to foule+ confusion brought.
These twinnes, men say, (a thing far passing thought)
6 Whiles in their mothers wombe enclosd they were,
Ere they into the lightsome world were brought,
8 In fleshly lust were mingled both yfere,
And in that monstrous wise did to the world appere.

4 And many hath to foule > Till him Chylde Thopas to 1590. The change distances Ollyphant from Chaucer's tale (see Glossary), which actually breaks off before Olifaunt is killed; and Spenser recalls that his Ollyphant features later in the story (311.3 ff.)

1 "For at that birth another babe she bore, 2 To weet the mighty Ollyphant, that wrought

To weet > To wit Ollyphant > "Elephant" (based on "Olifaunt", a character in Chaucer's Tale of Sir Thopas 7.807-9)

3 Great wreak to many errant knights of yore,

wreak > harm, injury, damage errant > itinerant (a "knight errant" roamed in quest of adventure; the word-order here also implies the sense of erring, deviating, etc.) yore > old

4 And many has to foul confusion brought.

many > a great number (singular) confusion > discomfiture, ruin

5 These twins, men say (a thing far passing thought),

passing > surpassing

6 While in their mother's womb enclosed they were, 7 Ere they into the lightsome world were brought,

lightsome > bright, luminous

8 In fleshly lust were mingled both yfere,

yfere > together

9 And in that monstrous wise did to the world appear.

wise > fashion

307.49

So liu'd they euer after in like sin,
2 Gainst natures law, and good behauioure:
But greatest shame was to that maiden twin,
4 Who not content so fowly to deuoure
Her natiue flesh, and +staine+ her brothers bowre,
6 Did wallow in all other fleshly myre,
And suffred beasts her body to deflowre:
8 So whot she burned in that lustfull fyre,
Yet all that might not slake her sensuall desyre.

5 staine > straine 1596, 1609

1 "So lived they ever after in like sin,

like > similar

2 Gainst Nature's law, and good behaviour:

Gainst > Against

3 But greatest shame was to that maiden twin, 4 Who, not content so foully to devour

devour > {Consume destructively; cf. Luke 15.30}

5 Her native flesh, and stain her brother's bower,

bower > bedroom; hence: bed

6 Did wallow in all other fleshly mire, 7 And suffered beasts her body to deflower,

suffered > allowed

8 So hot she burnt in that lustful fire; 9 Yet all that might not slake her sensual desire.

all that > [all that perversion] might > could

307.50

But ouer all the countrey she did raunge,
2 To seeke young men, to quench her flaming +thurst+,
And feed her fancy with delightfull chaunge:
4 Whom so she fittest finds to serue her lust,
Through her maine strength, in which she most doth trust,
6 She with her brings into a secret Ile,
Where in eternall bondage dye he must,
8 Or be the vassall of her pleasures vile,
And in all shamefull sort him selfe with her defile.

2 thurst > thrust 1590

1 "But over all the country she did range, 2 To seek young men, to quench her flaming thirst, 3 And feed her fancy with delightful change: 4 Whomso she fittest finds to serve her lust,

Whomso > Whomever

5 Through her main strength, in which she most does trust,

main > mighty; very great; remarkable

6 She with her brings into a secret isle, 7 Where in eternal bondage die he must, 8 Or be the vassal of her pleasures vile,

vassal > slave

9 And in all shameful sort himself with her defile.

sort > manner, method; company

307.51

Me seely wretch she so at vauntage caught,
2 After she long in waite for me did lye,
And meant vnto her prison to haue brought,
4 Her lothsome pleasure there to satisfye;
That thousand deathes me leuer were to dye,
6 Then breake the vow, that to faire Columbell
I plighted haue, and yet keepe stedfastly:
8 As for my name, it mistreth not to tell;
Call me the Squyre of Dames that me beseemeth well.

1 "Me, seely wretch, she so at vantage caught,

seely > helpless, innocent; pitiable so > thus, in that manner vantage > advantage (i.e. to Argante)

2 After she long in wait for me did lie, 3 And meant to her prison to have brought,

meant > intended

4 Her loathsome pleasure there to satisfy; 5 That thousand deaths me liefer were to die,

That > [So that] me liefer were to > [I would rather]

6 Than break the vow that to fair Columbell

Columbell > "Little Dove"; "Pretty Dove"

7 I plighted have, and yet keep steadfastly:

plighted have > have pledged

8 As for my name, it misters not to tell;

misters not > is not necessary

9 Call me the Squire of Dames: that me beseems well.

beseems > suits

307.52

But that bold knight, whom ye pursuing saw
2 That Geauntesse, is not such, as she seemed,
But a faire virgin, that in martiall law,
4 And deedes of armes aboue all Dames is deemed,
And aboue many knights is eke esteemed,
6 For her great worth; She Palladine is hight:
She you from death, you me from dread redeemed.
8 Ne any may that Monster match in fight,
But she, or such as she, that is so chaste a wight.

1 "But that bold knight, whom you pursuing saw 2 That giantess, is not such as she seemed, 3 But a fair virgin, that in martial law

law > ways; manner of life

4 And deeds of arms above all dames is deemed, 5 And above many knights is eke esteemed,

eke > also

6 For her great worth; she Palladine is hight:

Palladine > (The name seems to be formed on that of Pallas Athene, the Greek goddess of wisdom, Minerva in Roman mythology. She is represented as a virgin divinity, immune to sexual love) hight > named

7 She you from death, you me from dread redeemed. 8 Nor any may that monster match in fight, 9 But she, or such as she, that is so chaste a wight."

wight > person

307.53

Her well beseemes that Quest (quoth Satyrane)
2 But read, thou Squyre of Dames, what vow is this,
Which thou vpon thy selfe hast lately ta'ne?
4 That shall I you recount (quoth he) ywis,
So be ye pleasd to pardon all amis.
6 That gentle Lady, whom I loue and serue,
After long suit and weary seruicis,
8 Did aske me, how I could her loue deserue,
And how she might be sure, that I would neuer swerue.

1 "Her well beseems that quest," quoth Satyrane,

beseems > suits

2 "But read, you Squire of Dames, what vow is this,

read > declare

3 Which you upon yourself have lately taken?" 4 "That shall I you recount," quoth he, "iwis,

you > [to you] iwis > certainly, indeed, assuredly

5 So be you pleased to pardon all amiss.

So be you > [If you will be] all amiss > [all in it that is objectionable]

6 That gentle lady, whom I love and serve,

gentle > noble; gracious

7 After long suit and weary services, 8 Did ask me how I could her love deserve, 9 And how she might be sure that I would never swerve.

307.54

I glad by any meanes her grace to gaine,
2 Bad her commaund my life to saue, or spill.
Eftsoones she bad me, with incessaunt paine
4 To wander through the world abroad at will,
And euery where, where with my power or skill
6 I might do seruice vnto gentle Dames,
That I the same should faithfully fulfill,
8 And at the twelue monethes end should bring their names
And pledges; as the spoiles of my victorious games.

1 "I, glad by any means her grace to gain, 2 Bade her command my life to save, or spill.

spill > destroy

3 Eftsoons she bade me with incessant pain

Eftsoons > Thereupon; presently pain > effort; pain

4 To wander through the world abroad at will, 5 And everywhere, where with my power or skill

skill > knowledge; skill

6 I might do service to gentle dames;

do service to > profess love to; supply the sexual needs of, copulate with gentle > gentle; gracious

7 That I the same should faithfully fulfil, 8 And, at the twelve months' end, should bring their names 9 And pledges as the spoils of my victorious games.

307.55

So well I to faire Ladies seruice did,
2 And found such fauour in their louing hartes,
That ere the yeare his course had compassid,
4 Three hundred pledges for my good desartes,
And thrise three hundred thanks for my good partes
6 I with me brought, and did to her present:
Which when she saw, more bent to eke my smartes,
8 Then to reward my trusty true intent,
She gan for me deuise a grieuous punishment.

1 "So well I to fair ladies service did, 2 And found such favour in their loving hearts, 3 That, ere the year its course had compassed,

compassed > accomplished; encircled

4 Three hundred pledges for my good deserts,

deserts > deeds, merits

5 And thrice three hundred thanks for my good parts

parts > acts; qualities, capacities; also, perhaps: private parts (as 202.37:5)

6 I with me brought, and did to her present: 7 Which when she saw, more bent to eke my smarts

eke > augment smarts > pains

8 Than to reward my trusty true intent, 9 She gan for me devise a grievous punishment.

gan > did

307.56

To weet, that I my trauell should resume,
2 And with like labour walke the world around,
Ne euer to her presence should presume,
4 Till I so many other Dames had found,
The which, for all the suit I could propound,
6 Would me refuse their pledges to afford,
But did abide for euer chast and sound.
8 Ah gentle Squire (quoth he) tell at one word,
How many foundst thou such to put in thy record?

1 "To weet, that I my travel should resume,

To weet > To wit travel > travel; travail

2 And with like labour walk the world around,

like > similar

3 Ne ever to her presence should presume

Ne ever > And never

4 Till I so many other dames had found,

so many > [the same number of]

5 Who, for all the suit I could propound, 6 Would me refuse their pledges to afford, 7 But did abide for ever chaste and sound."

abide > remain

8 "Ah, gentle squire," quoth he, "tell, at one word,

gentle > noble; gentle

9 How many found you such to put in your record?"

307.57

In deed Sir knight (said he) one word may tell
2 All, that I euer found so wisely stayd;
For onely three they were disposd so well,
4 And yet three yeares I now abroad haue strayd,
To find them out. Mote I (then laughing sayd
6 The knight) inquire of thee, what were those three,
The which thy proffred curtesie denayd?
8 Or ill they seemed sure auizd to bee,
Or brutishly brought vp, that neu'r did fashions see.

1 "Indeed, sir knight," said he, "one word may tell 2 All, that I ever found so wisely staid;

staid > faithful; staid

3 For only three they were disposed so well, 4 And yet three years I now abroad have strayed, 5 To find them out." "Might I" (then, laughing, said 6 The knight) "inquire of you, what were those three, 7 Which your proffered courtesy denied?

denied > refused

8 Or ill they seemed sure advised to be,

Or > Either ill > badly, poorly

9 Or brutishly brought up, that never did fashions see."

307.58

The first which then refused me (said hee)
2 Certes was but a common Courtisane,
Yet flat refusd to haue a do with mee,
4 Because I could not giue her many a Iane.
(Thereat full hartely laughed Satyrane)
6 The second was an holy Nunne to chose,
Which would not let me be her Chappellane,
8 Because she knew, she said, I would disclose
Her counsell, if she should her trust in me repose.

1 "The first which then refused me," said he, 2 "Certes was but a common courtesan,

Certes > Assuredly

3 Yet flat refused to have a do with me,

a do > ado; a do (in the sexual sense; cf. 101.51:6)

4 Because I could not give her many a jane."

jane > {A small silver Genoese coin}

5 (Thereat full heartily laughed Satyrane.)

Thereat > Thereupon; as a result of that full > very

6 "The second was a holy nun to choose,

to choose > by choice

7 Who would not let me be her chaplain, 8 Because she knew, she said, I would disclose 9 Her counsel, if she should her trust in me repose.

counsel > confidences, secrets

307.59

The third a Damzell was of low degree,
2 Whom I in countrey cottage found by chaunce;
Full little weened I, that chastitee
4 Had lodging in so meane a maintenaunce,
Yet was she faire, and in her +countenance+
6 Dwelt simple truth in seemely fashion.
Long thus I woo'd her with dew obseruance,
8 In hope vnto my pleasure to haue won;
But was as farre at last, as when I first begon.

5 countenance > countenaunce 1590

1 "The third a damsel was of low degree,

degree > rank, social station

2 Whom I in country cottage found by chance; 3 Full little weened I that chastity

Full > Very weened > imagined

4 Had lodging in so mean a maintenance,

maintenance > livelihood, means of subsistence; hence: condition, way of life

5 Yet was she fair, and in her countenance 6 Dwelt simple truth in seemly fashion. 7 Long thus I wooed her with due observance, 8 In hope +to+ my pleasure to have won;

to > [her to]

9 But was as far at last, as when I first began.

307.60

Safe her, I neuer any woman found,
2 That chastity did for it selfe embrace,
But were for other causes firme and sound;
4 Either for want of handsome time and place,
Or else for feare of shame and fowle disgrace.
6 Thus am I hopelesse euer to attaine
My Ladies loue, in such a desperate case,
8 But all my dayes am like to wast in vaine,
Seeking to match the chaste with th'vnchaste Ladies traine.

1 "Save her, I never any woman found 2 That chastity did for itself embrace, 3 But were for other causes firm and sound; 4 Either for want of handsome time and place,

handsome > suitable

5 Or else for fear of shame and foul disgrace. 6 Thus am I hopeless ever to attain 7 My lady's love, in such a desperate case, 8 But all my days am like to waste in vain,

like > likely

9 Seeking to match the chaste with the unchaste ladies' train."

train > company, assembly; hence: number

307.61

Perdy, (said Satyrane) thou Squire of Dames,
2 Great labour fondly hast thou hent in hand,
To get small thankes, and therewith many blames,
4 That may +emongst+ Alcides labours stand.
Thence backe returning to the former land,
6 Where late he left the Beast, he ouercame,
He found him not; for he had broke his band,
8 And was return'd againe vnto his Dame,
To tell what tydings of faire Florimell became.

4 emongst > among 1609

1 "Pardie," said Satyrane, "you Squire of Dames,

Pardie > Truly; "by God"

2 Great labour fondly have you hent in hand,

fondly > foolishly hent > taken

3 To get small thanks, and therewith many blames:

therewith > with that blames > reproofs

4 That may amongst Alcides' labours stand."

That > [That great labour]

5 Thence back returning to the former land

land > [place]

6 Where late he left the beast he overcame,

late > lately he overcame > [that he had overcome]

7 He found him not; for he had broken his bond, 8 And was returned again to his dame, 9 To tell what tidings of fair Florimell became.

tidings > happenings, occurrences became > had befallen (i.e. the beast has returned to tell the witch what happened to Florimell)