VOCABULARY
In the case of nouns, the singular with the postpositive definite article and the indefinite plural are given in parenthesis. When a dash takes the place of a plural ending it indicates that the indefinite plural is the same as the indefinite singular. The vertical lines within a word indicate to what part the endings are to be added.
The principal parts of irregular and strong verbs are given in full.
/*[4] A.
ack, ah, oh, alas. adel, (-n), nobility, afton (-en, aftnar), evening. aftondagg (-en), evening dew. aftonrodnad (-en, -er), sunset glow. aftonsol (-en, -ar), evening sun. aftonvind (-en, -ar), evening breeze. akt, attention, giv —, look out, take notice. akt|a (-ade, -at), to consider worthy, respect, notice; — sig, beware. akt|giva (-gav, -givit), to notice, pay attention. aktning (-en), respect. al (-en, -ar) alder. aldrig, never. alf (-en, -er), elf. all, (allt, alla), all. allena, (allen), alone. allenast, only. Allfader (-n), Father of All, Oden. alltför, altogether too. alltid, always, forever. alltren, already. alltjämt, all the time, always. alltså, thus. alltnog, enough. alltsedan, ever since. allvar (-et), seriousness. allvarsam, serious, grave. almträd (-et, —), elm. aln (-en, -ar), yard, ell. altare (-t, -n), altar. altarrund (-en, -er), altar circle. amm|a (-ade, -at), to nurse. an, on, forward, up. an|a (-ade, -at), to apprehend, divine. an|bringa (-bragte, -bragt), to attach, put. and|as (-ades, -ats), to breathe. and|e (-en, -ar), spirit. andedrag (-et, —), breath. andre, andra, other, second. anfall (-et, —), attack. ankare (-t, -n), anchor. ankartåg (-et, —), anchorchain. anklag|a (-ade, -at), to accuse. anlete (-t, -n), face, countenance. anletsdrag (-et, —), features. annan, (ann, annat, def., andre, andra), other, different, else. annars, otherwise. annorlunda, different. anor, no sing., ancestral traits, descent. an|slå (-slog, -slagit, -slagen), to strike, touch; slå an en sång, strike up a tune or song. arbet|a (-ade, -at) to work, form. an|taga (-tog, -tagit, -tagen), to accept, suppose. arbete, (-t, -n), work, labor. arm (-en, -ar), arm. arm, miserable, poor. armring (-en, -ar), armring, bracelet. art (-en, -er), kind, nature. arv (-et, —), inheritance. arvgård (-en, -ar), ancestral estate. arving|e (-en, -ar), heir. asablod (-et), blood of the gods. asafrände (-n, -r), kinsman of the gods. asagäst (-en, -er), guest of the gods. asaljus (-et), light of the gods. asar (def. sing. asen) gods. asason (-en, -söner), son of the gods. aska (-n), ashes, dust. att, to, that. av, by, of, from, with. av och an, back and forth. avbild (-en, -er), image. av|bryta (-bröt, -brutit, -bruten), to break, interrupt. avfall (-et, —), desertion, apostasy. av|göra (-gjorde, -gjort), to decide. avgrund (-en, -er), abyss, precipice, hell. avgrundslåg|a (-an, -or), flame of hell. avsides, out of the way, remote. avsked (-et, —), farewell, dismissal. avstånd (-et, —), distance. avundsjuk, jealous. ax (-et, —), head of grain. ax|el (-eln, -lar), shoulder.
B.
back|e (-en, -ar), hill. bad (-et —), bath. bad, see bedja. bad|a (-ade, -at), to bathe. bak, behind. bakstam (-men, -mar), stern. baktill, behind, in the rear. Baldersbål (-et), Balder's pyre or stake. Balderslund (-en), Balder's grove. balk (-en, -ar), code, barrier. ban|a (-an, -or), course, path. band, see binda. band (-et, —), band, bond. bane, murderer, death by violent means. bannlys|a (-te, -t), to banish. bar, see bära. bar, bare. bara, merely, only. bark (-en), bark. barm (-en, -ar), bosom. barn (-et, —), child. barndom (-en), childhood. barndomsdag (-en, -ar), childhood day. barndomskärlek (-en), childhood love. barndomsminne (-t, -n), memory of childhood. barndomsvän (-nen, -ner), childhood friend. barndomsvärld (-en, -ar), childhood world. barnlek (-en, -ar), child's play, pl. childish games. barnslig, childish. bautasten (-en, -ar), memorial stone. be, abbrev. bedja. beckad, covered with pitch. becksvart, pitch black. bedja, be (bad, bedit or bett), to pray, ask. bedrift (-en, -er), achievement. be|driva (-drev, -drivit, -driven), to carry on. bedröv|a (-ade, -at), to distress, grieve. befallja (-de, -t), to command. be|grava (-grov, -gravit, -graven), to bury. be|gråta (-grät, -grätit, -gråten), to mourn, bewail. begyn|na (-te, -t), to begin. begär (-et —), desire. begär|a (-de, -t), to demand, ask. behag (-et), delight, charm, comeliness. behag|a (-ade, -at) to please. behärsk|a (-ade, -at), to dominate, rule. be|hålla (-höll, -hållit, -hållen), to retain. behöv|a (-de, -t), to need. beklag|a (-ade, -at), to deplore, pity; — sig, complain. bekrans|a (-ade, -at), to deck with flowers. belägen, situated. ben (-et —), leg, bone. benrad (-en, -er), spinal column, skeleton. bereda (beredde, berett), to prepare. berg (-et —), mountain. bergfast, firm as a mountain. bero (-dde, -tt), to depend; på, be dependent on. beryktad, famous. berömd, famous. be|se (-såg, -sett, -sedd), to view, inspect. besegr|a (-ade, -at), to conquer. besinn|a (-ade, -at), to consider. be|sjunga (-sjöng,-sjungit, -sjungen), to praise or celebrate with song. beskrev, see beskriva. be|skriva (-skrev, -skrivit, -skriven), to describe. beslut (-et, —), decision. be|sluta (-slöt, -slutit), to decide. besmittad, unclean, infected. besteg, see bestiga. be|stiga (-steg, stigit, -stigen), to ascend. beställsam, officious. bestämd, firm, decisive. bestäm|ma (-de, -t), to decide, determine, designate. beständig, constant. besviken, deceived. besvurit, see besvärja. be|svärja (pres. besvär, -svor, -svurit, -svuren), to implore, adjure. be|sätta (-satte, -satt), to set, mount (with jewels). besök|a (-te, -t), to visit. bet, see bita. bet|a (-ade, -at), to graze, betagen, enraptured, betal|a (-ade, -at), to pay. beteckna (-ade, -at), to signify. beting (-et, —), condition. beting|a (-ade, -at), to earn, demand. be|tyda (-tydde, -tytt), to signify, mean. betänk|a (-te, -t), to reflect, ponder. bi (-et, -n), bee. bid|a (-ade, -at), to bide, wait. bifall (-et), permission, assent. bild (-en, -er), picture, scene. billig, reasonable, cheap. biltog, outlawed. binda, (band, pl. bundo, bundit, bunden), to bind, restrain. bister, grim, harsh. bita (bet, bitit, biten), to bite, cut, gnaw. bitter, bitter. bjuda (bjöd, bjudit, bjuden), to invite, offer, bid. bjudning (-en, -ar), invitation. bjälk|e (-en, -ar), joist, beam. bjöd, see bjuda. björk (-en, -ar), birchtree. björkskog (-en, -ar), birch woods. björn (-en, -ar), bear. björnhud (-en, -ar), bearskin. björnram (-en, -ar), paw of bear. björnskinnsman (-nen, -män), man clad in bearskin. blad (-et, —), blade, leaf. bland, among. bland|a (-ade, -at), to mix. blank, bright, polished. blek, pale. blekblå, pale blue. bleklagd, pale-faced. blekn|a (-ade, -at), to turn pale. bleknad, pale, having turned pale. blev, see bliva. bli, abbrev. of bliva. blick (-en, -ar), glance, look. blick|a (-ade, -at), to look. blid, gentle. blidk|a (-ade, -at), to propitiate. blind, blind. blindskär (-et, —), submerged rock. bliva, bli (blev, blivit, bliven), to become; — efter, to be left behind. blixt (-en, -ar), lightning, thunderbolt, flash. blixtr|a (-ade, -at), to lighten, flash. blod (et), blood. blod|a (-ade, -at), to stain with blood. blodfläckad, bloodstained. blodig, bloody. blodlös, bloodless. blodman (-nen, -män), headsman. blodregn (-et), blood rain. blodröd, blood red. blodshämnd (-en), blood vengeance. blodörn (-en, -ar), blood eagle. blomdoft (-en, -er), fragrance of flowers. blomkalk (-en, -ar), flower cup. blomm|a (-ade, -at), to blossom. blomm|a (-an, -or), flower. blomster (-ret, —), flower, blossom. blomsterdoft (-en, -er), rose fragrance. blomstergördjel (-em, -lar), flower girdle. blomsterkransad, wreathed in flowers. blomsterkront, decked or crowned with flowers. blomstervidj|a (-an, -or), rose willow. blomstervärld (-en), flower world. blomsteräng (-en, -ar), flowery meadow or field. blomstr|a (-ade, -at), to blossom. bloss (-et,—), torch. blossa (-ade, -at), to blaze, flash. blot (-et), blood sacrifice. blot|a (-ade, -at), to sacrifice. blott, only, merely. blott|a (-ade, -at), to lay bare. blyg|as (-des, -ta), to be ashamed. blå, blue. blånande, blue. blånad, blue. blås|a (-te, -t), to blow. blåvit, light blue, or blue white. blåögd, blue-eyed. bländ|a (-ade, -at), to dazzle. blöda (blödde, blött), to bleed. bo (-et, -n), dwelling place, nest. bo (-dde, -tt), to dwell, live. bock (-en, -ar), buck, he-goat. bog (-en, -ax), shoulder of an animal. bok (-en, -ar), beech tree. bolster (-ret, -rar), pillow, mattress. bona (-ade, -at), to polish. bonde (-n, bönder), yeoman. bondelag (et, —), group of yeomen. bondeson (-en, -söner), yeoman's son. boning (-en, -ar), dwelling, abode. bord, om —, on board. bord (-et, —), table. borg (-en, -ar), castle. borr|a (-ade, -at), to bore, scuttle. bort, borta, away. bot (-en, böter), fine, penance. bott|en (-nen, -nar), bottom. bottenlös, bottomless. bra, good, well. bragd (-en, -er), achievement. brak (-et), crash, loud noise. brand (-en, bränder), firebrand, fire. brandgul, flame-colored. brann, see brinna. bras|a (-an, -or), fire, blaze. brant (-en, -er), precipice, edge, declivity. brant, steep. bred, broad. breda (bredde, brett), to spread. bredvid, beside. bring|a (-an, -or), chest of a horse or other animal. bring|a (-ade or bragte, -at or bragt), to bring. brinna (brann, pl. brunno, brunnit, brunnen), to burn. brista (brast, pl. brusto, brustit, brusten), to break, to be lacking in; — i gråt, to burst into tears. bro (-n, -ar), bridge. broder (-n, bröder), brother. brodersfamn (-en), brother's embrace. brokig, variegated. bror, contr. of broder. brottande (-t), wrestling. brott|as (-ades, -äts), to wrestle. brottslig, criminal. brud (-en, -ar), bride. brudgumm|e (-en, -ar), bridegroom. brudpar (-et, —), bridal couple. brudsmyckad, decked as a bride. brudsång (-en, -er), bridal song. brun, brown. brunno, see brinna. brusa (-ade, -at), to gush, roar. brutit, see bryta. bryg|ga (-de, -t), to brew. bryn (-et, —), edge, horizon. brynj|a (-an, -or), coat of mail. brynjohatare (-n, —), armor hater, sword. bryta (bröt, brutit, bruten), to break, violate. bräcklig, frail. brädd (-en, -ar), brim, edge. brän|na (-de, -t), to burn. bröd (-et, —), bread. brödrafred (-en), fraternal peace. brödren, for bröderna. bröllop (-et, —), wedding. bröllopsdag (-en, -ar), wedding day. bröllopsdräkt (-en, -ar), wedding costume. bröllopsgård (-en, -ar), house where a wedding is celebrated. bröst (-et, —), breast, bosom. bröt, see bryta. bud (-et, —), command, commandment, message, messenger. bud|a (-ade, -at), to call, summon. [stick, summons. budkavl|e (-en, -ar), lit. bid- budskap (-et, —), message. buk (-en, -ar), belly. bukt (-en, -er), bay. buktig, bent, convex, irregular. bull|er (-ret), commotion, noise. bunden, see binda. bundo, see binda. buro, see bära. busk|e (-en, -ar), bush, shrub. bygg|a (-de, -t), to build. byte (-t, -n), prize, booty. både, båd', both. båg|e (-en, -ar), bow. bågig, curved. bål, (-et, —), stake, pyre. bång (-et), bluster, fuss. bångstyrig, refractory. båt|a (-ade, -at), to be of avail. bäck (-en, -ar), brook, stream. bädd (-en, -ar), bed. bädd|a (-ade, -at), to make a bed. bägare (-n, —), goblet, cup. bägge, both. bälte (-t, -n), belt. bältestad (-en), waist line. bänk (-en, -ar), bench, seat. bär (-et, —), berry. bära (bar, pl. buro, burit, buren), to carry, bear, lead. bärga (-ade, -at), to rescue; bärgad sol, sun that has set. bärsärk (-en, -er), berserk. bärsärksgång (-en), berserk fury. bärsärksskägg (-et), berserk's beard. bäst, best. bättre, better. bävan, indecl., trepidation. böj|a (-de, -t), to bend. böjlig, flexible. bölj|a (-an, -or), wave, billow. bölja (-ade, -at), to surge. bön (-en, -er), prayer. böra (borde, bort), ought. börd (-en), rank. börd|a (-an, -or), burden. börj|a (-ade, -at), to begin. början, indecl., beginning.
D.
dag (-en, -ar), day. dag|as (-ades, -ats), to dawn, dag|er (-ern, -rar), dawn. dagg (-en), dew. dagglans (-en), daylight splendor. dagsljus (-et), daylight. dal (-en, -ar), valley. dans (-en, -ar), dance. dans|a (-ade, -at), to dance. dar, contr. of dagar. darr|a (-ade, -at), to tremble. de, they, the, those. del|a (-ade or -te, -at or -t), to divide, share, give. dem, them, those. den, the, that one, that, it. densamme, the same. denna, detta, this one. deras, their. dess, its; till —, until. desslikes, likewise. det, it, the, there. diar, no. sing., chiefs having priestly and royal functions. dig, you, yourself, thee, thyself. dikt (-en, -er), poem, fiction, invention. dikt|a (-ade, -at), to invent, imagine, compose. dimm|a (-an, -or), fog. din, ditt, dina, your, yours, thy, thine. disarsal (-en, -ar), abode of the inferior gods. dit, thither. djup (-et, —), depth; adj. deep. djupblå, deep blue. djuptänkt, profound. djur (-et, —), animal. djärv, brave. djärvhet (-en), bravery, presumption. dock, yet, nevertheless, anyway. dock|a (-an, -or), doll. dockspel (-et, —), doll's play. doft|a (-ade, -at), to exhale perfume, scent. dog, see dö. dom (-en, -ar), judgment, verdict. dom (-en, -er), dome. domare (-n, —), judge. domarsten (-en, -ar), judgment seat. domarstol (-en, -ar), judgment seat. dopp|a (-ade, -at), to dip. dotter (-n, döttrar), daughter. drag (-et, —) feature. dra, abbrev. of draga. drack, see dricka, draga (drog, dragit, dragen), to draw, pull, go. drakje (-en, -ar), dragon. drakskepp (-et, —), dragon ship. drapja (-an, -or), dirge. dricka (drack, pl. drucko, druckit, drucken), to drink. dristig, bold. driva (drev, drivit, driven), to drive, drift. driv|a (-an, -or), snow drift. driven, wrought, embossed. drog, see draga. dropp|a (-ade, -at), to drip. dropp|e (-en, -ar), dröp. drott (-en, -ar), king. drottning (-en, -ar), queen. drottkväde (-t, -n), royal song. drucko, see dricka. druv|a (-an, -or), grape. dryck (-en, -er), drink. dryckesbord (-et, —), drinking table. drunkn|a (-ade, -at), to drown. dryckeshorn (-et, —), drinking horn. dryckessal (-en, -ar), drinking hall. dryg, lasting, overbearing, self-important. dråpslag (-et, —), heavy blow, death blow. dräkt (-en, -en), garb. dräng (-en, -ar), young man, man-servant. dräp|a (-te, -t), to kill. dröj|a (-de, -t), to tarry. dröm (-men, -mar), dream. dröm|ma (-de, -t), to dream. du, thou. dubbel, double. dugg|a (-ade, -at), to drizzle. duk (-en, -ar), cloth, canvas. dum, foolish. dund|er (-ret), thunder, roar. dundr|a (-ade, -at), to roar, thunder. dunkel, dark, dim. duv|a (-an, -or), dove. duvoving|e (-en, -ar), dove's wing. dvaldes, see dväljas. dväljas (dvaldes, dvalts), to live, dwell. dvärg (-en, -ar), dwarf. dy (-n), mud, slime. dygd (-en, -er), virtue. dygn (-et, —), day of twentyfour hours. dyk|a (-te or dök, -t), to dive. dyrbar, costly. dyrk|a (ade, -at), to worship. dyrköpt, dearly bought. dyster, morose, gloomy. då, then, when. dåd (-et, —), deed. dån (-et), din, noise. dån|a (-ade, -at), to rumble, faint. dår|a (-ade, -at), to deceive, fascinate. dåraktig, foolish. dår|e (-en, -ar), fool. dårskap (-en, -er), foolishness. däck (-et, —), deck. däld (-en, -er), valley. därav, thereof. där, there, where. därefter, thereafter, thereupon. däremot, on the other hand. därför(e), therefore. därhos, besides, In addition. däri, therein. därifrån, therefrom. därigenom, thereby, through it. därin, in there, into it. därmed, thereby. därnäst, thereafter, next. däromkring, thereabout. därpå, thereupon, thereafter. därstädes, there. därtill, thereto. därunder, under or during. däruppe, up there. däruppå, thereon, upon it. därur, out of it. därutöver, beyond, above it däråt, in that direction, towards. däröver, above it. dö (dog, dött), to die. död, dead. död (-en, -ar), death. dödlig, deadly, mortal. dödsblek, death pale. dödsrunja (-an, -or), death rune, dödssång (-en, -er),death song, dödsörn (-en, -ar), death eagle, dölja (dolde, dolt or döljt, dold), to conceal. döm|a (-de, -t), to judge, dön|a (-ade, -at), to rumble, dörr (-en, -ar), door, dörrsven (-nen, -ner), guard, dörrpost (-en, -er), doorpost döva (-ade, -at), to deafen.
E.
ed (-en, -er), oath. eder, you, your. efter, after, behind. egen, own, peculiar. egg (-en, -ar), edge. ehur, although, albeit. einheriar, the blest, no sing. ej, not. eja, ah. ek, (-en, -ar), oak; af eke, of oak. ekebänk (-en, -ar), oak bench. eld (-en, -ar), fire. eldig, fiery. eldprov (-et, —), fire test. eldhav (-et, —), ocean of fire. eldröd, fiery red. eldsken (-et, —), glow of fire. eldstad (-en, -städer), fireplace. eldsvärd (-et, —), flaming sword. eller, or. emellan, between. emot, towards, against. emot|taga (-tog, -tagit, tagen), to accept, receive. emottog, see emottaga. emedan, because. ena, den —, one, the one. en, ett, a, one. enahanda, same. endast, only, solely. ende, enda, endaste, sole, only. endräkt (-en), concord. ens, even. ensam, alone. enslig, lonely. envar, everyone, each one. envigskamp (-en), duel. er, you, your. eriksgat|a (-an, -or), royal journey. ettersvälld, swelled by poison. evar, wheresoever. evig, eternal. evighet (-en, -er), eternity.
F.
fader (-n, fäder), father. fager, pretty. falk (-en, -ar), falcon, falkving|e (-en, -ar), falcon's wing. fall (-et, —), fall, falla, (föll, fallit, fallen), to fall. falsk, false. famn (-en), embrace. famna (-ade, -at), embrace. fann, see finna, far, abbrev. of fader, fara (for, farit, faren), to travel, go, depart. far|a (-an, -or), danger. fart (-en), speed, course, farväl, farewell. fas|a (-an, -or), terror, fast, firm. fast, although, fastän, although, fatt, gripa —, få —, hold, seize. fatt|a (-ade, -at), to seize, hold, comprehend, take. fatt|as (-ades, -ats), to fail, be the matter with. feg, cowardly. fejd (-en, -er), conflict. fel (-et, —), mistake, error. fel|a (-ade, -at), to err, fail. fem, five. femton, fifteen. fest (-en, -er), feast, entertainment. fick, see få. fiende (-n, -r), enemy. fik|a (-ade, -at), to seek, hanker after. finge, see få. fing|er (-ret, rar), finger. finna (fann, pl. funno, funnit, funnen), to find. finnas (fanns, funnits), to be found, exist. finn|e (-en, -ar), Finlander. fira (-ade, -at), to celebrate. fisk (-en, -ar), fish. fjord (-en, -ar), fiord, bay. fjäder (-ern, -rar), feather. fjäll (-en, -ar, or —), mountain. fjällig, scaly. fjärd (-en, -ar), bay. fjärde, fourth. fjäril (en, -ar), butterfly. fjärran, far away, distant. fjättr|a (-ade, -at), to chain. flagg|a (-an, -or), flag. flamma (-ade, -at), to flame, flare. flamm|a (-an, -or), flame, fire. flax|a (-ade, -at), to flap the wings, flicker. flick|a (-an, -or) girl. flintkniv (-en, -ar), flint knife. flitig, diligent. flockvis, in flocks. flod (-en, -er), river. flugen, see flyga. flutit, see flyta. fly (-dde, -tt), to flee. flyga, (flög, flugit, flugen), to fly, speed. flykt (-en), flight. flykt|a (-ade, -at), to flee. flyktig, flighty, evanescent. flyta (flöt, flutit, fluten), to flow, drift, float. fläck (-en, -ar), spot, blemish. fläck|a (-ade, -at), to tarnish. fläcklös, spotless. fläkt (-en, -ar), breeze, gust of wind. flärd (-en), vanity, deceit. fläsk (-et), pork. flät|a (-ade, -at), to braid. flöd|a (-ade, -at), to flow, pour. flög, see flyga. flöt, see flyta. fnys|a (-te, or fnös, -t), to sniff, snort. fnös, see fnysa. fog|a (-ade, -at), to join, — hop, to join together. folk (et, —), people. for, see fara. fordom, formerly. fordr|a (-ade, -at), to demand. fordran, indecl., demand. forna, former. forntid (-en), antiquity, former time. forntidabild (-en, -er), ancient image. forntidsminne (-t, -n), memory of the past. fors (-en, -ar), rapids, current. fort, fast, hurriedly. fosterbroder (-n, -bröder), fosterbrother. fosterdotter (-ern, -döttrar), fosterdaughter. fosterfader (-n, -fäder), fosterfather. fosterjord (-en), native soil. fosterson (-en, -söner), fosterson. fostrare (-n, —), fosterer. fot (-en, fötter), foot. fradga (-n), foam. fragga, see fradga. fram, forth, along. fram|bryta (-bröt, -brutit), to advance, press forth. framför|a (-de, -t), to deliver, bring. framför(e), before, in front of. framme, at destination, there. framsus|a (-ade, -at), to murmur, rustle forth. fred (-en), peace. fredlig, peaceable. frestare (-n, —), tempter. frestelse (-n, -r), temptation. fri, free. fri|a (-ade, -at), to court, woo. friare (-n, —), wooer. friboren, freeborn. frid (-en), peace. fridlyst, protected, inviolate. fridlös, peaceless, outlawed. fridsam, peaceable. fridsbud (-et, —), peace messenger, message of peace. fridsmö (-n, -r), peace maiden. fridsäll, peaceable, peace loving. frieri (-et, -er), courtship. frihet (-en, -er) liberty, freedom. frisk, healthy, fresh. fristad (-en, -städer), haven of refuge. frod|as (-ades, -ats), to flourish, grow, luxuriate. from, pious. fromhet (-en), piety. fromhetsgud (-en), god of piety. fromma, indecl., gain, advantage. fross|a (-ade, -at), to revel, gormandize. fru (-n, -ar), lady, wife. frukt (-en, -er), fruit. frukt|a (-ade, -at), to fear. frust|a (-ade, -at), to snort, sputter. frysa (frös, frusit, frusen), to freeze. fråg|a (-ade, -at), to ask. fråg|a (-an, or), question. från, from. fräck, brazen. fräls|a (-ade or -te, -at or -t), to save, rescue. främling (-en, -ar), stranger. främmande, strange. främst, foremost. frände (-n, -r), male relative. fränk|a (-an, -or), female relative. fräs|a (-te, -t), to frizzle, sputter, foam. frö (-et, -n), seed. fröjd (-en, -er), joy, pleasure. full, full. fullbräddad, filled to the brim. fullvuxen, full grown. fulländ|a (-ade, -at), to complete. funno, see finna. fur|a (-an, -or), fir, pine; av furu, of pine wood. furst|e (-en, -ar), prince. fyll|a (-de, -t), to fill. fyllig, plump. fyra, four. få, few. få (fick, pl. fingo, fått), to get, be allowed, receive, be compelled. fåfäng, vain. fåg|el (-eln, -lar), bird. fågelbo (-et, -n), bird's nest. fåkunnig, ignorant. fål|e (-en, -ar), colt, steed. fåll|a (-ade), to hem. fång|a (-ade, -at, -ad or fången), to capture. får (-et, —), sheep. fäder (pl. of fader, father), ancestors. fädernedal (-en, -ar), native valley. fädernesland (-et, —), native country. fädernestrand (-en, -stränder), native shore. fägn|a (-ade, -at), to please. fäll|a (-de, -t), to strike down, fell. fält (-et, —), field. färd (-en, -er), journey; å färde, on the way, pending. färdig, ready. färg (-en, -er), color. färg|a (-ade, -at), to color. färglös, colorless. fäst|a (-ade, -at), to fasten, bind, attach. fäste (-t, -n), stronghold, hilt, firmament. fästning (-en, -ar), fortification. föda (födde, fött), to give birth to, nourish. födelse or födsel (-n), birth. föga, little. följ|a (-de, -t), to follow, accompany. föll, see falla. fönst|er (-ret, —), window. för, for, before, in behalf of. för (-en), prow. för|a (-de, -t), to bring, conduct. förakt|a (-ade, -at), to despise. föraktlig, scornful, despicable. förbannelse (-n, -r), curse. förbi, past. för|binda (-band, pl. -bundo, -bundit, -bunden), to bandage, unite. förbittrad, incensed. förbittring (-en), anger. förblev, see förbliva för|bliva (-blev, -blivit, -bliven), to remain. för|blöda (-blödde, -blött), to bleed to death. förbrän|na (-de, -t), to consume by fire. fördjup|a (-ade, -ät), de deepen. fördraga (-drog, -dragit, -dragen), to tolerate. fördunkl|a (-ade, -at) to make dim. föröm|a (-de, -t), to condemn. före, before. förebild (-en, -er), prototype, model. fören|a (-ade or -te, -at or -t), to unite. förening (-en, -ar), union. förespel (-et, —), prelude. förespråkersk|a (-an, -or), female pleader, advocate. före|stå (-stod, -stått), to be near at hand, be imminent. för|flyta (-flöt, -flutit, -fluten), to pass by, elapse. för|frysa (-frös, -frusit, -frusen), to freeze severely. förfärlig, terrible. förfölj|a (-de, -t), to pursue. förglöm|ma (-de, -t), to forget. för|gråta (-grät, -gråtit,) to pass the time in weeping; förgråten, red-eyed or swollen from weeping. för|gå (-gick, -gått, -gången), to pass by (time); förgås, to perish. förgård (-en, -ar), outer court. förgäten, forgotten. förgäves, in vain. förgöm|ma (-de, -t), to conceal. förhand, på —, beforehand. förhoppning (-en, -ar), hope, expectation. förhoppningsfull, hopeful. förjag|a (-ade, -at), to drive away. förkast|a (-ade, -at), to reject. förklar|a (-ade, -at), to explain. för|kläda (-klädde, -klätt), to disguise, masque. förklädning (-en, -ar), disguise. förlama (-ade, -at), to paralyze. förliden, past. förlik|a (-te, -t), to reconcile. förlit|a (-ade, or förlet, -at), to depend upon. förlor|a (-ade, -at), to lose. förlov, med —, pardon me. för|låta (-lät, -låtit, -låten), to forgive. förlät, see förlåta. förmörk|a (-ade, -at), to darken. förnam, see förnimma. för|nimma, (-nam, -nummit, -nummen), to hear, perceive, ascertain. förnummit, see förnimma. förny|a (-ade, -at), to renew. förnöj|a (-de, -t), to please. förolämpad, insulted. förpläg|a (-ade, -at), to feed, entertain. förr, before, formerly. för|råda (-rådde, -rått, rådd), to betray. förrän, förrn, before, until. förrost|a (-ade, -at), to rust. försak|a (-ade, -at), to renounce, deny oneself. församl|a (-ade, -at), to gather, assemble. för|sjunka (-sjönk, -sjunkit, -sjunken), to sink down, försjönk, see försjunka. för|skjuta (-sköt, -skjutit, -skjuten), to reject. försmå (-dde, -tt), to disdain. för|smälta (-smalt, -smultit), to melt. förson|a (-ade, -at), to propitiate. försonare (-n, —), propitiator. försoning (-en), atonement, reconciliation. försoningsdag (-en, -ar), day of atonement. för|sova, sig (-sov, sovit), to oversleep. först, first. förströ (-dde, -tt), to divert, amuse. förlstå (-stod, -stått, -stådd), to understand. förstäm|ma (-de, -t), to depress. förstör|a (-de, -t), to destroy. försvann, see försvinna. försvar|a (-ade, -at), to defend. försvinna (-svann, pl. -svunno, -svunnit, -svunnen), to disappear. försök|a (-te, -t), to try. förtäl|a (-ade, -at), to relate, slander. försvunnit, see försvinna. förteg, see förtiga. för|tiga (-teg, -tegat), to conceal, keep back. förtjust, pleased, delighted. förtjän|a (-ade, -at), to earn, deserve. förtjänst (-en, -er), merit. fortork|a (-ade, -at), to dry up, wither. förtro (-dde, -tt), to entrust, confide. förtrogen (vän), confidential friend. fortroll|a (-ade, -at), to bewitch. förtryck gagn|a (-ade, -at), to benefit. gala (gol, galit), to crow. galder (-n, galdrar), incantation. galt (-en, -ar), boar. gammal, old. gamman, indecl., pleasure, joy. gap (-et, —), mouth, jaws. gapa (-ade, -at), to yawn, gape. gav, see giva. geirsodd (-en), death rune. gemensam, common, mutual. gen, short, near. genast, at once. genmäl|a (-de, -t), to retort. genom, through. genomborr|a (-ade, -at), to pierce, thrust through. genomströmm|a (-ade, -at), to flow through. gestalt (-en, -er), figure, body. gick, see gå. giftoman (-nen, -män), one who gives another in marriage. giljarfärd (-en, -er), wooing trip or expedition. ginge, gingo, see gå. gissning (-en, -ar), guess. giva, ge (gav, g&vo, givit, given), to give. givmild, generous. gjallarhorn (-et), giallarhorn, the trumpet of Heimdall. gjord, see göra. gjuta (göt, gjutit, gjuten), to pour, mold, shed. glad, glad, happy, merry. gladde, see glädja. glans (-en), splendor, glasrut|a (-an, -or), window pane. glatt, smooth. glesn|a (-ade, -at), to grow sparse. glittr|a (-ade, -at), to glitter. glädja (pr. gläder, gladde, glatt), to make glad, rejoice. gläder, see glädja. glädje (-n), joy. glättig, glad, happy. glöd (-en), glow. glöda (glödde, glött), to glow. glödhet, glowing hot. glöm|ma (-de -t), to forget. glömska (-n), oblivion, forgetfulness. gnist|a (-an, -or), spark. gnistr|a (-ade, -at), to sparkle. gnugga (-ade, -at), to rub. gny (-et), commotion, murmur. gnägg|a (-ade, -at), to neigh. god, good. godo, med or i —, willingly. gods (-et, —), goods, property. golv (-et, —), floor. grav (-en, -ar), grave. gravhög (-en, -ar), barrow, grave mound. gravöl (-et), funeral feast. gren (-en, -ar), branch. grep, see gripa. griff|el (-eln, -lar), pencil. grift (-en, -er), grave. gripa (grep, gripit, gripen), to seize. gro (-dde, -tt), to sprout, grow. groll (-et), grudge, quarrel. grop (-en, -ar), dimple, pit. grovhyvlad, rough planed. grubb|la (-ade, -at), to brood. gruml|a (-ade, -at), to make turbid. grund, shallow. grund (-et, —), shoal; till —, to the bottom. grund (-en, -er), basis, foundation. grundmurad, provided with solid floor and walls of masonry. grus, (-et), gravel, earth, i — in ruins. gry (-de, -tt), to dawn, break. grym, fierce, cruel. gråhårig, grayhaired. gråskäggig, having gray beard. gråta (grät, gråtit), to weep. gråtersk|a (-an, -or), woman who weeps. gräns (-en, -er), boundary, limit. gräs (-et), grass. gräselig or gräslig, hideous. grät, see gråta. grön, green. grönklädd, covered with verdure. grönlummig, leafy, with dense foliage. grönsk|a (-ade, -at), to turn or grow green. grönska (-n), verdure. grönvirkad, crocheted in green. gubb|e (-en, -ar), old man. gud (-en, -ar), god. gudabarm (-en, -ar), divine bosom. gudablod (-et), blood of the gods, of divine ancestry. gudabälte (-t, -n), divine girdle. gudaglans (-en), divine splendor. gudahus (-et, —), temple. gudakrans (-en, -ar), divine wreath. gudalund (-en, -ar or -er), sacred grove. gudatimrad, god-built. gudinn|a (-an, -or), goddess. gudomlig, divine. gul, yellow, golden. guld, gull (-et), gold. guldbelagd, gold inlaid. guldfot (-en, -fötter), gold foot. guldgul, golden yellow. guldhjälm, (-en, -ar), gold helmet. guldhov (-en, -ar), gold-shod hoof. guldinlagd, gold inlaid. guldkam (-men, -mar), golden comb. guldkammig, golden combed. guldklo (-n, -r), golden claw. guldring (-en, -ar), gold ring. guldsadlad, with gold-mounted saddle. guldsköld (-en, -ar), gold shield. guldstol (-en, -ar), golden chair or seat. guldsträng (-en, -ar), gold string. guldtand (-en, -tänder), golden tooth. gull, see guld. gullhov, see guldhov. gullmanig, with golden mane. guln|a (-ade, -at), to turn yellow. gung|a (-ade, -at), to rock. gyllene, golden. gyllenläder (-ret), gilded leather, bronze leather. gå (gick, pl. gingo, gått, gången), to go, extend, move. gång (-en, -ar), path, walk, course. gång (-en, -er), time, occasion. gångare (-n, —), steed, horse. går, i —, yesterday. gård (-en, -ar), homestead, estate, yard. gåv|a (-an, -or), gift. gåvo, see giva. gäck|a (-ade, -at), to scorn, deceive. gäld|a (-ade, -at), to make amends for. gäll|a (-de, -t), to be of account, — lifvet, life is at stake. gärd (-en, -er), tribute, reward. gärna, willingly, freely. gäst (-en, -er), guest. gäst|a (-ade, -at), to visit as guest. gästabud (-et, —), banquet, feast. gästfri, hospitable. gästfrihet (-en), hospitality. gäl (-en, -ar), pool. gäm|ma (-de, -t), to conceal. gära (gjorde, gjort, gjord), to do, make. gärd|el (-eln, -lar), girdle, göt, see gjuta. ha, abbrev. of hava. hag|e (-en, -ar), pasture, grove. hade, see hava. hagelskur (-en, -ar), shower of hail, hail storm. hagl|a (-ade, -at), to hail. halm (-en), straw. hak|a (-ade, -at), to hook. hals (-en, -ar), neck. halt|a (-ade, -at), to limp, hobble. halv, half. halvbränd, half burnt. halvdränkt, half submerged. halvrund (-en, -er), semicircle. halvslocknad, half extinguished. halvsläckt, half extinguished. halvvred, vexed, angry. hammare (-n, — or hamrar), hammer. hamn (-en, -ar), harbor. hamr|a (ade, -at), to hammer. han, he. hand (-en, händer), hand. handfull, handful. handkraft (-en), physical power. handsbred, one hand wide. handslag (-et, —), hand clasp. han|e (-en, -ar), cock. hang, see hänga, hann, see hunno. hans, his. harm (-en), anger. harp|a (-an, -or), harp. harpoljud (-et, —), sound of the harp. harpoton (-en, -er), tone of the harp. hast, haste. hast|a (-ade, -at), to hasten. hastig, speedy. hat (-et), hatred. hat|a (-ade, -at), to hate. hatt (-en, -ar), hat. hav (-et, —), ocean. hava, ha (hade, haft), to have. havsbrud (-en, -ar), ocean bride. havsskum (-met), ocean spray. havstroll (-et, —), sea monster. havsval (-en, -ar), whale. havsörn (-en, -ar), sea eagle. hed (-en, -ar), heath. heden, heathen. heder (-n), honor. hedersgubb|e (-en, -ar), worthy or venerable old man. hejsan, hey, hurrah. hel, whole, entire. helt, quite, entirely. helgedom (-en, -ar), temple. helig, sacred, holy. hell, hail. heller, either. hellre, helst, rather, more or most willingly. helstekt, roasted whole. hem (-met, —), home. hembygd (-en, -er), native place. hemma, at home. hemsk, terrible. hemväg, (-en, -ar), the way home. henne, acc. of hon, her. hennes, gen. of hon, hers. hermelin (-en), ermine. hermelinsmantlad, ermine mantled. herr, sir. herr|e (-en, -ar), master, lord. het, warm. het|a (-te, -at), to be called, named. hillebard (-en, -er), halberd. himlabåg|e (-en, -ar), heavenly arch. himlaflamm|a (-an, -or), lightning flash. himlarand (-en), horizon. him|mel (-meln, -len or -melen, -lar), heaven, sky. himmelsk, heavenly. himmelsblå, azure blue. himlafält (-et, —), firmament, sky. hin, the. hind (-en, -ar), hind, young deer. hind|er (-ret, —), hindrance, obstacle. hindr|a (-ade, -at), to hinder. hingst (-en, -ar), stallion. hinna (hann, pl hunno, hunnit, hunnen), to have time for, overtake. hinsidan, on the other side. hiss|a (-ade, -at), to hoist; — segel, to set sail. hit, hither. hitt|a (-ade, -at), to find. hjalt (-et, —), hilt. hjord (-en, -ar), flock. hjort (-en, -ar), stag. hjul (-et, —), wheel. hjälm (-en, -ar), helmet. hjälmhatt (-en, -ar), helmet, helmet hat. hjälp|a (-te, or halp, -t, or hulpit, hulpen), to assist, help. hjält|e (-en, -ar), hero. hjälteamma (-an, -or), mother of heroes. hjältearm (-en, -ar), heroic arm. hjältebarm (-en, -ar), heroic bosom. hjälteblick (-en, -ar), heroic glance. hjältefader (-n, -fäder), heroic father, father of heroes. hjältebragd (-en, -er), heroic deed. hjältefog (-et), heroic tone or mien. hjältekraft (-en), heroic power. hjältemod (-et), heroic courage. hjältemull (-en), heroic soil, dust of heroes. hjälterykte (-t), heroic fame. hjältesinne (-t), heroic mind. hjälteson (-en, söner), heroic son, son of a hero. hjältesång (-en, -er), heroic song. hjältevrede (-n), heroic anger. hjärta (-t, -n), heart. hjärtlig, hearty, sincere. hjäss|a (-an, -or), crown of the head. holmgång (-en, -ar), duel. hon, she. honom, acc. of han, him. honungG (-en), honey. hop (-en, -ar), crowd, throng. hopfog|a (-ade, -at), to join together. hopp (-et, —), leap. hopp (-et), faith, hope. hopp|a (-ade, -at), to jump. hopp|as (-ades, -ats), to hope. hopträng|a (-de, -t), to compress. horn (-et, —), horn. horndryck (-en), drink from the horn. hos, by, with, at the home of. hot (-et), threat. hot|a (-ade, -at), to threaten. hov (-en, -ar), hoof. hov (-et, —), court. hov, see häva. hovman (-nen, -män), courtier. hud (-en, -ar), skin, pelt. hugg (-et, —), blow, thrust, stroke. hugga (högg, huggit, huggen), to hew, cut, strike. hull (-et), flesh. hulling (-en, -ar), barb, hook. hulpit, see hjälpa. humle (-n), hops. hund (-en, -ar), dog. hundra, hundrade, hundred. hundramilaslätt (-en, -er), plain of a hundred miles. hundraårig, a hundred years old. hungrig, hungry. hunnit, see hinna. hur, huru, how, howsoever. hus (-et, —), house, dwelling. husfolk (-et, —), house servants. husvill, homeless. huvud (-et, -en), head. huvudskall|e (-en, -ar), skull. hucklare (-n, —), hypocrite. håg (-en), mind, inclination. hål (-et, —), hole. håll (-et, —), direction. hålla (höll, hållit, hållen), to hold, keep, contain. hållning (-en), bearing. hån (-et), scorn. hår (-et, —), hair. hård, hard, cruel, severe. hårdhet (-en), hardness, harshness. hårdhänt, rough, severe. hårvuxen, hairy. häg|er (-ern, -rar), heron. hägn|a (-ade, -at), to protect. hägring (-en, -ar), mirage. hälft (-en, -er), a half. häll (-en, -ar), hearth, rock. häls|a (-ade, -ät), ta greet, acclaim. hälsa, (-n), health. hälsning (-en, -ar), greeting. hämnd (-en), revenge. hämn|a (-ade, -at), to avenge. hämt|a (-ade, -at), to bring, fetch. hän, away. hän|da (-de, -t), to happen. häng|a (-de, or hang, -t), to häng. hänglås (-et, —), padlock. hänryckning (-en), ecstasy. häpen, astounded. här, here. här (-en, -ar), army. härbud (-et, —), war messenger, or message. härd (-en, -ar), hearth. härd|a (-ade, -at), to harden. härinne, in here. härj|a (-ade, -at), to devastate. härlig, glorious, beautiful. härmed, herewith. härnad (-en, -er), warfare, warlike expedition. härold (-en, -er), herald. härom, concerning it. härskarbud (-et, -en), word of command. härskarblick (-en, -ar), lordly mien, glance of a ruler. härskarnyck (-en, -er), whim of authority. härskarord (-et, -en), royal command, word of authority. härskri (-et, —, or -n), warcry. härsköld (-en, -ar), war shield. härslag (-et,—), battle. härtåg (-et, —), military expedition. häst (-en, -ar), horse. häv|a (-de, -t), to raise, lift, rise and fall. hävd (-en, -er), annals. höft (-en, -er), hip, hög (-en, -ar),mound, pile, grave. hög, high, loud. högbarmad, high-bosomed. högg, see hugga. högbänk (-en, -ar), high seat, seat of honor. höghornad, long-horned. högre, higher. högsätespelare (-n, —), pillar of the high seat, or seat of honor. högvälvd, high arched. högättad, of high descent. höj|a (-de, -t), to raise, lift. höjd (-en, -er), height, eminence. hök (-en, -ar), hawk. hölj|a (-de, -t), to cover. höll, see hålla. hör|a (-de, -t), to hear, listen. — samman, belong together, — till, belong to. höst (-en, -ar), autumn. höstting (-et, —), fall thing or court. höv|as (-des, -ts), to be fitting, hövding (-en, -ar), chief. hövisk, courtly, polite.G.
H.