Exercises upon the Different Parts of Italian Speech, with References to Veneroni's Grammar / to which is added an abridgement of the Roman history, intended at once to make the learner acquainted with history, and the idiom of the Italian language

by Ferdinando Bottarelli

On Conjunctions which require the Subjunctive after them.

[See Gram. p. 204.]

The following Conjunctions prima che, acciocchè, finchè, per paura che, sin che, benchè, purchè, a meno che, Iddío voglia che, require the Subjunctive after them.

1. 1. You will speak
   2. parláre
   3. Italian well,
   4. Italiáno bene
   5. provided
   6. purchè
   7. you take pains;
   8. darsi pena
   9. I tell you so,
   10. direacciochè
   11. that
   12. acciochè
   13. you may take courage,
   14. pigliáre corággio
   15. and learn well.
   16. imparáre bene.

1. 1. I remember I told you
   2. ricordársi dire
   3. several times
   4. parécchie volte
   5. that you will never write
   6. mai scrívere
   7. Italian correctly,
   8. Italiáno correttaménte
   9. unless
   10. a meno che
   11. you study the rules.
   12. studiáre regola.

1. 1. I will take so much pains,
   2. darsi pena
   3. that
   4. I hope
   5. sperare
   6. I shall write it
   7. scrívere
   8. well
   9. before
   10. prima
   11. next summer.
   12. próssimo state.

1. 1. You will soon perceive
   2. présto accorgérsi
   3. the effects of it,
   4. effétto
   5. provided
   6. purchè
   7. you follow my directions,
   8. seguíre suggerimento
   9. though
   10. benchè
   11. you think
   12. sembrare
   13. the Italian tongue
   14. Italiáno lingua
   15. is very difficult.
   16. éssere diffícile.

1. 1. Please God
   2. piáccia Iddío
   3. it may be as you say;
   4. éssere come dire
   5. for
   6. perchè
   7. it would be
   8. éssere
   9. a great satisfaction
   10. grande soddisfazióne
   11. to me.

1. 1. I esteem
   2. stimáre
   3. a man
   4. uno
   5. very unhappy
   6. molto infelíce
   7. that has not the fear of God,
   8. avére timóre Iddío
   9. though
   10. benchè
   11. he should possess
   12. possédere
   13. all the treasures
   14. tutto tesóro
   15. in the world,
   16. mondo
   17. even though
   18. benchè
   19. he should have
   20. avére
   21. all the other fine qualities
   22. altro bello qualità
   23. that can make a man
   24. potére réndere úno
   25. perfect.
   26. perfetto.

1. 1. I always praised you
   2. sempre lodáre
   3. very much
   4. molto
   5. before
   6. prima che
   7. you became so idle;
   8. diveníre pigro
   9. and I told you
   10. dire
   11. several times
   12. più volte
   13. that you would lose
   14. pérdere
   15. the good opinion
   16. buóno opinióne
   17. every one had of you,
   18. tutto avére
   19. unless
   20. a meno che
   21. you should be
   22. éssere
   23. as diligent and careful
   24. diligénte premuróso
   25. as you were before.
   26. éssere prima.

1. 1. When I corrected you
   2. quando corréggere
   3. for your faults,
   4. colpa
   5. it was not
   6. éssere
   7. because
   8. perchè
   9. I did not love you;
   10. amáre
   11. on the contrary,
   12. al contrário
   13. it was to the end that
   14. éssere acciocchè
   15. you should employ your time well,
   16. impiegáre témpo
   17. and that you should be
   18. éssere
   19. more diligent
   20. più diligénte
   21. than you are
   22. now.
   23. adesso.

1. 1. Though
   2. benchè
   3. you began
   4. principiáre
   5. to learn Italian
   6. imparáre Italiáno
   7. before me,
   8. prima di me
   9. I hope
   10. speráre
   11. I shall speak it soon
   12. parláre presto
   13. as well as you.
   14. bene quanto voi.

1. 1. I do not believe so,
   2. crédere
   3. unless
   4. a meno che
   5. you have learned
   6. avére
   7. all the rules of the grammar.
   8. tutto régola grammática.

1. 1. Though
   2. benchè
   3. I did not learn them,
   4. imparáre
   5. yet
   6. pure
   7. I will take so much pains,
   8. pigliáre tanto pena
   9. that what I told you
   10. dire
   11. will prove true.
   12. éssere vero.

1. 1. It will be some time
   2. vi vorrà del tempo
   3. before
   4. prima che
   5. you have read them.
   6. léggere.

1. 1. Would to God
   2. volésse Iddío
   3. I had known you
   4. conóscere
   5. sooner,
   6. I should speak
   7. parláre
   8. Italian well now:
   9. Italiáno bene ora
   10. and although
   11. benchè
   12. I had learned
   13. imparáre
   14. when I was young,
   15. éssere gióvine
   16. yet I knew
   17. sapére
   18. but very little of it,
   19. pochíssimo
   20. when I began with you.
   21. quando principiáre.

1. 1. Perhaps
   2. forse
   3. it was not
   4. éssere
   5. your master’s fault;
   6. maéstro colpa
   7. for before
   8. prima che
   9. I composed my grammar,
   10. compórre grammática
   11. I found but few
   12. trováre poco
   13. that would learn grammatically.
   14. imparáre grammaticalménte.

1. 1. It is true
   2. vero
   3. I had a very good master,
   4. avére buóno maéstro
   5. and if I had
   6. se avére
   7. believed him,
   8. crédere
   9. I should have learned
   10. avére imparáto
   11. by rules,
   12. per principj
   13. but I found them
   14. ma trováre
   15. too tedious;
   16. troppo nojóso
   17. and would to Heaven
   18. volésse Cielo
   19. I had followed
   20. avére seguito
   21. his advice,
   22. consíglio
   23. for
   24. perchè
   25. I have a great desire
   26. avére gran voglia
   27. to speak Italian.
   28. parláre Italiáno.

Some Verbs signifying will, desire, leave, or fear, will have the Conjunction che after them, and the following Verb in the Subjunctive.

1. 1. I will leave you
   2. lasciáre
   3. to do that.
   4. fare.

1. 1. I wish
   2. desideráre
   3. you may be
   4. éssere
   5. as honest as
   6. onésto
   7. your father.
   8. padre.

1. 1. I ordered
   2. ordináre
   3. dinner
   4. pranzo
   5. to be ready
   6. éssere pronto
   7. immediately.
   8. subito.

1. 1. That must be done
   2. bisógna fare
   3. quickly.
   4. presto.

1. 1. God permitted
   2. Iddío perméttere
   3. it should happen.
   4. succédere.

1. 1. I am afraid
   2. avére paura
   3. you were mistaken.
   4. ingannársi.

We express the two Anglicisms this day se’nnight, this day fortnight, by d’oggi a otto, d’oggi a quindici.

1. 1. I believe
   2. crédere
   3. I shall go
   4. andáre
   5. into the country
   6. campágna
   7. this day se’nnight,
   8. d’oggi a otto
   9. but I hope
   10. speráre
   11. I shall come back
   12. ritornáre
   13. this day fortnight.
   14. d’oggi a quíndici.

1. 1. I am sure that
   2. éssere sicúro
   3. when once you are there,
   4. quando una volta éssere
   5. you will not return
   6. tornáre
   7. so soon
   8. così présto
   9. to town.
   10. città.

1. 1. I give you my word that
   2. dare paróla
   3. this day fortnight
   4. d’oggi a quíndici
   5. I will come to see you.
   6. veníre vedére.

1. 1. When
   2. quando
   3. will your brother go
   4. fratéllo andáre
   5. to Germany?
   6. Germánia?

1. 1. He expects to go
   2. contare andáre
   3. this day se’nnight,
   4. d’oggi a otto
   5. if it is fine weather.
   6. se fare bel tempo.

The word people, when taken generally for the people of a whole country, is expressed in Italian by the word gente.

1. 1. The French
   2. Francése
   3. had the name of being
   4. avére riputazióne éssere
   5. the most civil people
   6. civíle gente
   7. in the world.
   8. mondo.

1. 1. I should not like
   2. amáre
   3. to live among
   4. vívere fra
   5. the Spaniards,
   6. Spagnuólo
   7. for they are
   8. perchè éssere
   9. very jealous people;
   10. gelóso gente
   11. but I should never be tired
   12. ma éssere mai stanco
   13. of living among
   14. vívere fra
   15. the English,
   16. Inglése
   17. for I believe
   18. perchè crédere
   19. they are
   20. éssere
   21. the most civil
   22. civíle
   23. the most courteous,
   24. cortése
   25. and the most obliging
   26. obbligánte
   27. people in the world.
   28. gente mondo.

When the word people signifies subjects, it is expressed in Italian by the word pópolo.

1. 1. A good prince
   2. buóno príncipe
   3. should prefer
   4. preferíre
   5. the happiness of his people
   6. felicità pópolo
   7. to his own.
   8. Happy are the people
   9. felíce pópolo
   10. who have a
   11. avére
   12. good prince
   13. buón
   14. to govern them.
   15. governáre.

On the Particle si, it is, they, one, &c. [See Gram. p. 211.] The Particle si is always put before a Verb, and the Verb must be impersonal.

1. 1. I was told that
   2. dire
   3. you speak Italian
   4. parláre Italiáno
   5. very well.
   6. benissimo.

1. 1. They do me
   2. fare
   3. more honour than
   4. onóre
   5. I deserve;
   6. meritáre
   7. I wish it were true.
   8. volére vero.

1. 1. They say
   2. dire
   3. you are going to be married.
   4. stare per maritársi.

1. 1. They say so,
   2. dire così
   3. indeed;
   4. in verità
   5. but
   6. ma
   7. they are
   8. much mistaken.
   9. molto ingannársi.

1. 1. I was assured that
   2. assicuráre
   3. the lady’s father and your’s
   4. [1]signóra padre
   5. had concluded
   6. conchiúdere
   7. the articles of marriage.
   8. articólo matrimónio.

1. 1. If they say so,
   2. se dire così
   3. it is
   4. without
   5. senza
   6. any foundation.
   7. alcúno fondaménto.

1. 1. I am very glad
   2. rallegrársi
   3. to see you,
   4. vedére
   5. for I was told
   6. perchè dire
   7. you were gone to
   8. France.
   9. Fráncia.

1. 1. Pray who told you
   2. di grazia dire
   3. such a falsehood?
   4. tale falsità
   5. No matter;
   6. non impórta
   7. and we were also told,
   8. éssere detto
   9. you were to go to
   10. andáre
   11. Italy.
   12. Itália.

[1] The lady’s father and your’s, vostro padre e quello della signora.

The Verb to use in English, signifies in Italian servírsi, assuefársi, accostumársi; when it signifies servírsi, it is commonly followed by a Noun, but otherwise it is followed by a Verb.

1. 1. He who forgets
   2. dimenticare
   3. those things which
   4. cosa
   5. he desires to remember,
   6. desideráre ricordársi
   7. must use helps
   8. dovére servírsi ajúto
   9. to cultivate his memory,
   10. coltiváre memória
   11. or use
   12. o
   13. the greatest diligence
   14. grande diligénza
   15. and attention
   16. attenzióne
   17. when he is reading,
   18. quando léggere
   19. that he may retain
   20. ritenére
   21. profitable instructions;
   22. profittévole istruzióne
   23. for when they have once
   24. perchè quando éssere una volta
   25. slipt out
   26. uscíto
   27. of the memory,
   28. memória
   29. there is need of
   30. bisognáre
   31. fresh reading
   32. nuóva lettúra
   33. to recall them.
   34. richiamáre.

1. 1. All men
   2. tutto uómo
   3. desire riches,
   4. desideráre ricchézze
   5. but all do not use
   6. ma tutto non ne usano
   7. riches rightly;
   8. bene
   9. when they are come to
   10. quando avére acquistato
   11. honours and wealth,
   12. onóre opulénza
   13. they are still greedy
   14. ancóra avído
   15. to heap up more.
   16. accumuláre
   17. He who
   18. desires
   19. desideráre
   20. nothing,
   21. niente
   22. wants nothing:
   23. avér bisógno
   24. it is a wise man’s part
   25. sávio uómo
   26. to restrain his desires.
   27. dovére moderáre desidério.

The Impersonal Verb impórta, requires a Dative Case.

1. 1. It much concerns
   2. molto impórta
   3. young people
   4. gioventù
   5. to avoid bad company,
   6. schiváre cattívo compagnía
   7. as they would
   8. come
   9. beware of the plague;
   10. guardársi peste
   11. it is more hurtful
   12. nuocévole
   13. to the mind,
   14. spirito
   15. than the most contagious disease
   16. contagióso malattía
   17. to the body.
   18. corpo.

1. 1. It concerns me,
   2. impórta
   3. and all men
   4. tutto
   5. to look to ourselves;
   6. badáre
   7. the world is full of
   8. mondo piéno
   9. knaves and knavery.
   10. furbo furbéria
   11. It is hard to be known,
   12. diffícile sapére
   13. and he is hard to be found,
   14. trováre
   15. who is fit to be trusted.
   16. fidársi.

1. 1. The greatest caution
   2. grande cautéla
   3. is to be used
   4. adopráre
   5. in the presence of children;
   6. presénza ragázzo
   7. masters must
   8. maéstro dovére
   9. behave themselves
   10. comportársi
   11. very warily,
   12. prudentémente
   13. lest scholars learn evil of them;
   14. per timóre che scoláro imparáre del male
   15. and it greatly concerns
   16. molto impórta
   17. boys
   18. gióvane
   19. to imitate
   20. imitáre
   21. their master’s virtues.
   22. maéstro virtù.

When the word to speak, is joined with truth, it is expressed in Italian by dire.

1. 1. You promised me
   2. prométtere
   3. several times
   4. spesse volta
   5. you would be diligent,
   6. éssere diligénte
   7. and that you would never
   8. mai
   9. keep bad company;
   10. praticáre cattívo compagnia
   11. I perceive that
   12. accorgérsi
   13. you do not speak always the truth, for
   14. dire sempre verità
   15. I met you to-day
   16. incontráre oggi
   17. with a man
   18. con uómo
   19. whose company
   20. compagnía
   21. I forbade you.
   22. proibíre
   23. A man who
   24. uno
   25. does not delight in
   26. amáre
   27. speaking always the truth,
   28. dire sempre verità
   29. is unworthy of
   30. indégno
   31. enjoying the society of
   32. godére società
   33. honest people.
   34. onésto gente.

When in English a period begins by these words, I wish, I would, we express them thus in Italian, vorréi potér, with the following Verb in the Infinitive Mood.

1. 1. I wish I could
   2. potére
   3. serve you,
   4. servire
   5. I would do it
   6. fare
   7. with all my heart.
   8. tutto cuóre.

1. 1. I wish I could
   2. see
   3. vedére
   4. your sister,
   5. sorélla
   6. I would give her
   7. dare
   8. something
   9. qualche cosa
   10. that was sent to me
   11. éssere mandáto
   12. for her.

1. 1. I wish I could
   2. speak Italian
   3. parláre Italiáno
   4. as well as you do,
   5. it would be
   6. éssere
   7. a great satisfaction
   8. grande soddisfazióne
   9. to me.

1. 1. I wish I could
   2. do
   3. fare
   4. what you desire of me,
   5. desideráre
   6. I would not refuse it you.
   7. ricusáre.

1. 1. I wish I could
   2. be reconciled with
   3. éssere riconciliáto
   4. your brother,
   5. fratéllo
   6. for
   7. perchè
   8. he is
   9. an honest man.
   10. galantuómo.

1. 1. I wish I could
   2. go into the country
   3. andáre campágna
   4. with you,
   5. I would not return soon
   6. ritornáre presto
   7. to town,
   8. città
   9. for I would visit
   10. andar a visitáre
   11. all my friends
   12. tutto amíco
   13. who are there.

1. 1. I wish I could
   2. follow
   3. seguíre
   4. your example,
   5. esémpio
   6. I would live
   7. better than I do.
   8. meglio.

Ought and must are to be rendered in Italian by the Present of the Indicative of the Verb dovere, and are not Impersonal.

1. 1. At church
   2. chiésa
   3. people
   4. gente
   5. ought to sit still,
   6. dovére stare quieto
   7. and not to talk.
   8. parláre.

1. 1. At saying lessons,
   2. ripétere lezióne
   3. none ought to speak
   4. dovére parláre
   5. but he who is
   6. destináto
   7. appointed by
   8. the master,
   9. maéstro
   10. whose leave
   11. permésso
   12. ought to be asked,
   13. dovére domandáre
   14. before
   15. prima
   16. the scholars betake themselves
   17. scoláre darsi
   18. to play.
   19. giuóco.

1. 1. The boy
   2. ragázzo
   3. who is chastised
   4. castigáto
   5. on account of
   6. a cagióne
   7. his slothfulness,
   8. infingardággine
   9. has no cause to accues
   10. avére motivo accusáre
   11. his master
   12. maéstro
   13. of severity;
   14. severità
   15. he ought to blame himself,
   16. dovére biasimársi
   17. and resolve
   18. risólvere
   19. to shake off idleness
   20. scuotersi dalla sua pigrízia
   21. for the future.
   22. all’avveníre.

1. 1. The soldier
   2. soldáto
   3. must fight valiantly,
   4. dovére battérsi valorosaménte
   5. that has a mind
   6. avére ánima
   7. enflamed with a desire
   8. accéso desidério
   9. to conquer the enemy;
   10. víncere nemíco
   11. his arm
   12. braccio
   13. must procure him
   14. dovére procuráre
   15. the honour which
   16. onóre
   17. his heart wishes for;
   18. cuóre desideráre
   19. but sometimes
   20. ma qualche volta
   21. secret stratagems
   22. segréto stratagémma
   23. and subtle policy
   24. astúto política
   25. defeat
   26. sconfíggere
   27. the most valiant warriors.
   28. valoróso guerriéro.

1. 1. Children
   2. figlio
   3. must be obedient
   4. dovére obbedíre
   5. to their parents;
   6. genitóre
   7. those that grieve them,
   8. affliggere
   9. purchase to themselves
   10. attirarsi
   11. a curse;
   12. maledizióne
   13. they provoke God
   14. Iddío
   15. to deny them
   16. ricusáre
   17. that length of life
   18. lunghézza vita
   19. which he has promised
   20. avére promésso
   21. to the dutiful.
   22. obbediénte.

To be like, when followed by a Noun, is to be rendered in Italian by rassomigliáre, and will have a Dative Case.

1. 1. Children
   2. figliuólo
   3. are not always like
   4. rassomigliáre sempre
   5. their parents;
   6. genitori
   7. they are sometimes
   8. éssere qualche volta
   9. quite different
   10. differénte
   11. from them.

1. 1. My brother
   2. fratéllo
   3. is not like my father,
   4. rassomigliáre padre
   5. who is of a mild disposition,
   6. benigno índole
   7. and rich in
   8. ricco
   9. the endowments
   10. dote
   11. that adorn the mind,
   12. ornáre ánimo
   13. though poor in estate.
   14. benchè póvero stato.

1. 1. Every man
   2. ognúno
   3. loves those
   4. amáre
   5. who like him,
   6. amáre
   7. and hates those
   8. odiáre
   9. who are hurtful to him:
   10. nuocévole
   11. nature teaches us
   12. natúra insegnáre
   13. to love our friends,
   14. amáre amíco
   15. but religion teaches us
   16. ma religióne insegnáre
   17. to love our enemies.
   18. amáre nemíco.

To be so kind, must be rendered in Italian by avére la bontà, and the following Verb is put in the Infinitive Mood, with the Preposition di.

1. 1. I intreat you
   2. supplicáre
   3. to be so kind as
   4. avére la bontà
   5. to tell me
   6. dire
   7. how you call that
   8. come chiamáre
   9. in Italian.
   10. Italiáno.

1. 1. If you will
   2. se ella volére
   3. be so kind as
   4. avér la bontà
   5. to grant me
   6. accordáre
   7. that favour,
   8. favóre
   9. there is nothing but I will do
   10. niénte fare
   11. to acknowledge it.
   12. per mostrartene la mia riconoscenza.

1. 1. If your brother
   2. fratéllo
   3. will be so kind as
   4. to lend me a horse
   5. prestáre cavállo
   6. for two or three days,
   7. due tre giórno
   8. he would oblige me
   9. obbligáre
   10. infinitely.
   11. infinitaménte.

1. 1. I was this morning
   2. éssere mattína
   3. with your friend
   4. con amíco
   5. Mr. ——
   6. and he was so kind as
   7. avére
   8. to offer me
   9. esibíre
   10. his purse.
   11. borsa.

1. 1. I hope
   2. speráre
   3. you will be so kind as
   4. avére
   5. to recommend me to
   6. raccomandáre
   7. your friends.
   8. amíco.

1. 1. Be so kind as
   2. avére
   3. to tell me when
   4. dire quando
   5. your sister will return
   6. sorélla ritornáre
   7. from the country,
   8. campágna
   9. for I make no doubt but
   10. dubitáre
   11. she will bring me
   12. portáre
   13. news from my uncle.
   14. nuóva zio.

The English phrase, there is nothing but, ought to be rendered in Italian by non v’è niénte che non, and it requires the following Verb to be in the Subjunctive Mood.

1. 1. There is nothing but
   2. non v’è niénte
   3. I would do to deserve
   4. fare meritáre
   5. the honour of
   6. onóre
   7. your friendship.
   8. amicízia.

1. 1. There is nothing but
   2. non v’è niénte
   3. what I would undertake
   4. che non intrapréndere
   5. to oblige my friends.
   6. obbligáre amíco.

1. 1. There is nothing but
   2. non v’è niénte
   3. what I would suffer
   4. soffríre
   5. willingly,
   6. volontiéri
   7. if I were
   8. éssere
   9. so unfortunate as
   10. sfortunáto
   11. to have disobliged you.
   12. avére dispiacére.

1. 1. There is nothing but
   2. non v’è niénte
   3. what an honest man
   4. galantuomo
   5. ought to do,
   6. dovére
   7. to deserve
   8. meritáre
   9. every body’s esteem.
   10. tutto stima.

1. 1. There is nothing but
   2. niénte
   3. what a good prince
   4. buóno príncipe
   5. ought to do,
   6. dovére fare
   7. to make
   8. réndere
   9. his subjects happy.
   10. suddito felíce.

This phrase, to be as good as one’s word, must be rendered in Italian by mantenére la sua paróla.

1. 1. You often promised me
   2. spesso prométtere
   3. to do me service, but I
   4. réndere servízio
   5. will never believe you;
   6. ma mai crédere
   7. it is a very dishonest thing
   8. éssere disonésto
   9. not to be as good as one’s word;
   10. mantenere la sua paróla
   11. for nobody
   12. perchè nissúno
   13. will credit you
   14. prestare fede
   15. afterwards.
   16. dopo.

1. 1. You have often promised me
   2. avére sovente prométtere
   3. to amend your manners,
   4. ammendáre costúme
   5. but you are seldom
   6. ma raramente
   7. as good as your word.
   8. mantenére la sua paróla
   9. I confess that
   10. confessáre
   11. I have not been as good as my word,
   12. avére mantenúto la mia paróla
   13. but I promise that,
   14. ma prométtere
   15. for the future,
   16. all’avveníre
   17. I will behave better
   18. comportársi méglio
   19. than I have hitherto done.
   20. fare fin adésso.

So much as, ought to be rendered in Italian by tanto, or quanto.

1. 1. Your brother
   2. fratéllo
   3. seems to have had
   4. parére avére
   5. a better education
   6. educazióne
   7. than you,
   8. though I am sure
   9. benchè sicúro
   10. your father
   11. padre
   12. did not spend
   13. spéndere
   14. so much
   15. tanto
   16. money upon him
   17. as he did upon you.

1. 1. If we would love God
   2. amáre Iddío
   3. as much as
   4. quanto
   5. He loves us,
   6. amáre
   7. we should not offend him
   8. offéndere
   9. so often.
   10. così spesso.

1. 1. If we would love
   2. amáre
   3. our neigbour
   4. prossímo
   5. as much as
   6. quanto
   7. we love ourselves,
   8. there would not be
   9. éssere
   10. so much
   11. tanto
   12. enmity in the world.
   13. nemicízia mondo.

As long as, must be rendered in Italian by finchè, or mentre che.

1. 1. As or so long as
   2. mentre che
   3. you are not obedient
   4. éssere obbediénte
   5. to your parents,
   6. genitori
   7. God will not bless you.
   8. Iddío benedíre.

1. 1. As long as
   2. finchè
   3. you are idle,
   4. éssere pigro
   5. you will never learn any thing,
   6. mai imparáre niénte
   7. and you will be ignorant
   8. éssere ignoránte
   9. while you live.
   10. finchè vívere.

1. 1. As long as
   2. you are rich,
   3. éssere ricco
   4. you will not want
   5. mancáre
   6. friends.
   7. amíco.

1. 1. As long as
   2. it is in your power
   3. éssere potére
   4. to oblige your friends,
   5. obbligáre amíco
   6. do not refuse
   7. ricusáre
   8. to do them service.
   9. réndere servízio.

I had rather, is expressed in Italian by ameréi méglio, or ameréi piuttósto.

1. 1. I had rather
   2. amáre meglio
   3. lose some small thing,
   4. pérdere piccólo cosa
   5. than go to law with
   6. andáre legge
   7. a litigious man.
   8. litigióso uómo.

1. 1. I had rather
   2. amáre piuttósto
   3. die
   4. moríre
   5. than disoblige you.
   6. dispiacére.

1. 1. I had rather
   2. amáre méglio
   3. live all my life-time with you,
   4. vívere vita tempo
   5. than stay one day
   6. stare giórno
   7. with your brother.
   8. fratéllo.

1. 1. I had rather
   2. endure a slight injury
   3. soffríre piccóla ingiúria
   4. from a friend,
   5. amíco
   6. than to fight with him,
   7. battérsi
   8. though
   9. benchè
   10. I would sooner
   11. die
   12. moríre
   13. than pass for a coward.
   14. passáre codardo.

When we inquire for some person’s name, we make use of the Verb chiamársi.

1. 1. Pray, friend,
   2. di grazia amíco
   3. what is your name?
   4. come chiamársi?

1. 1. My name is
   2. John Baptist.
   3. Giambattísta.

1. 1. What is
   2. come
   3. your brother’s
   4. name?
   5. fratéllo?

1. 1. His name is
   2. George Frederic Augustus.
   3. Giórgio Fedérico Augústo.

1. 1. What was
   2. come
   3. the late king of France’s
   4. defúnto re Fráncia?
   5. name?

1. 1. He was called
   2. chiamársi
   3. Lewis the Sixteenth.
   4. Luígi décimo sesto.

1. 1. What was
   2. come
   3. the queen of France’s
   4. regína Fráncia?
   5. name?

1. 1. Her name was
   2. chiamársi
   3. Mary Antoinette.
   4. Maria Antónina.

1. 1. What was
   2. come
   3. the late regent’s
   4. defúnto reggénte?
   5. name?

1. 1. He was called
   2. chiamársi
   3. the duke of Orleans.
   4. duca Orleans.

To entertain, must be rendered by trattáre.

1. 1. If you will come with me
   2. veníre
   3. into the country,
   4. campágna
   5. I will entertain you
   6. trattáre
   7. very well.
   8. beníssimo.

1. 1. You see
   2. vedére
   3. I do not entertain you
   4. trattáre
   5. like a stranger,
   6. da forestiére
   7. but I treat you
   8. ma trattáre
   9. like a friend.
   10. da amíco.

1. 1. I am sure,
   2. éssere sicúro
   3. if we were
   4. lords,
   5. gran signóre
   6. you could not entertain us
   7. trattáre
   8. better.
   9. méglio.

Dipénde da voi, signifies in English, it lies in your power, it has all its tenses; and is Impersonal.

1. 1. It lies in your power
   2. depéndere
   3. to be a good scholar,
   4. éssere sapiénte
   5. for
   6. perchè
   7. you have as much wit as
   8. avére tanto spírito che
   9. any of your
   10. qualúnque
   11. school-fellows.
   12. condiscépolo.

1. 1. It is in our power
   2. dipéndere
   3. to be
   4. éssere
   5. for ever happy.
   6. sempre félice.

1. 1. It is in his power
   2. dipéndere
   3. to do me
   4. réndere
   5. that service.
   6. servízio.

1. 1. It is in your power
   2. dipéndere
   3. to go abroad;
   4. andár a viaggiáre
   5. for your father
   6. padre
   7. told me
   8. dire
   9. several times
   10. molte volte
   11. he would be very glad
   12. avére caro
   13. to see you
   14. go on your travels.
   15. andáre a viaggiáre.

1. 1. It lies in their power
   2. dipéndere da
   3. to recommend me
   4. raccomandáre
   5. to their friends.
   6. amíco.

Andáre ad incóntrar uno, signifies to go and meet somebody.

1. 1. Sir,
   2. Signóre
   3. I come to beg
   4. veníre domandáre
   5. a favour of you,
   6. favóre
   7. which I hope
   8. speráre
   9. you will not refuse me.
   10. ricusáre
   11. I heard
   12. intendere
   13. your uncle will come
   14. zio veníre
   15. to-morrow to town;
   16. dománi città
   17. you will oblige me
   18. obbligáre
   19. infinitely,
   20. moltíssimo
   21. if you will lend me your horse
   22. prestáre cavállo
   23. to go and meet him,
   24. andáre ad incóntrar
   25. and I assure you
   26. assicuráre
   27. that I will take great care
   28. avére grande cura
   29. of it.

1. 1. Sir, I am very sorry
   2. rincrescere
   3. I cannot oblige you,
   4. non potere servire
   5. for I must
   6. perchè bisógna
   7. go myself to meet
   8. andáre ad incóntrar
   9. my wife,
   10. moglie
   11. who is coming from
   12. veníre
   13. the country;
   14. campágna
   15. but any other time
   16. ma altro volta
   17. it will be
   18. éssere
   19. at your service.
   20. servízio.

We often make use of the Impersonal Verb rincréscere, when we speak of the misfortunes of others, which signifies in English, to be sorry, to be concerned; and then the following word must be in the Genitive Case.

1. 1. I am sorry for
   2. rincréscere
   3. the misfortune
   4. disgrázia
   5. that has befallen
   6. accadére
   7. you.

1. 1. We ought
   2. dovére
   3. to be concerned at
   4. rincréscere
   5. our friend’s
   6. amíco
   7. misfortunes.
   8. sciagúre.

1. 1. I was very much concerned
   2. moltíssimo rincréscere
   3. at your loss.
   4. pérdita.

Mi pare mill’ anni is an Italian expression which signifies to long; we make use of it only in the present of the Indicative, and the following verb must be in the Infinitive with the Preposition di.

1. 1. I long
   2. to see your father
   3. vedére padre
   4. to tell him
   5. dire
   6. how much you deserve
   7. quanto meritáre
   8. to be praised for
   9. éssere lodáto
   10. your diligence.
   11. diligenza.

1. 1. I long
   2. to go into the country,
   3. andáre campagna
   4. to settle a dispute
   5. aggiustáre dispúta
   6. that arose
   7. náscere
   8. amongst my farmers.
   9. fra fattóre.

1. 1. I long
   2. to pay what I owe you,
   3. pagáre dovére
   4. for I do not love
   5. perchè amáre
   6. to be in any body’s debt.
   7. dovére a nessúno.

1. 1. I long
   2. to know
   3. sapére
   4. the Italian language
   5. Italiáno lingua
   6. perfectly well.
   7. perfettaménte bene.

We often make use of avér gran voglia, for to long, and it requires the following Verb to be in the Infinitive mood.

1. 1. I long
   2. to go and see
   3. andáre vedére
   4. Mr. George,
   5. Giórgio
   6. to ask him
   7. domandáre
   8. for the money he owes me,
   9. danáro dovére
   10. but I will put it off
   11. ma differíre
   12. till next week,
   13. fíno próssimo settimána
   14. that you may go with me.
   15. potére venire.

1. 1. I long
   2. to go to Italy,
   3. andáre Italia
   4. for I do not love
   5. piacére
   6. to live in England.
   7. vívere Inghiltérra.

1. 1. I long
   2. to tell you something,
   3. dire qualche cosa
   4. though I do not know
   5. benchè sapére
   6. how to tell it you,
   7. dire
   8. for fear of
   9. per paúra
   10. disobliging you.
   11. dispiacere.

1. 1. I long
   2. to learn Italian,
   3. imparáre Italiáno
   4. and for all that
   5. con tutto ciò
   6. I do not know
   7. sapére
   8. what hinders me
   9. impedíre
   10. from beginning.
   11. principiáre.

Degnársi is often used for to be so kind as, and requires the following verb in the Infinitive Mood.

1. 1. Be so kind as
   2. degnáre
   3. to hear me a moment,
   4. sentíre moménto
   5. and you will see that
   6. vedére
   7. what they told you of me
   8. dire
   9. is a false report.
   10. éssere falso rappórto.

1. 1. Be so kind as
   2. degnáre
   3. to grant me that favour,
   4. accordáre favóre
   5. and I will not trouble you
   6. incomodáre
   7. any more.

Posso appéna, I can hardly, requires the following verb to be in the Infinitive Mood.

1. 1. I can hardly
   2. posso appéna
   3. believe
   4. crédere
   5. what you tell me
   6. dire
   7. of Mr. Gregory,
   8. signóre Gregório
   9. for I always took him for
   10. perchè sempre crédere
   11. a very sober honest man.
   12. sobrio onésto uómo.

1. 1. I could hardly
   2. potere appéna
   3. believe my eyes
   4. crédere ócchio
   5. when I saw you,
   6. quando vedére
   7. for I thought
   8. perchè pensáre
   9. you were in America.
   10. éssere América.

1. 1. I have got such a cold,
   2. éssere talmente infreddáto
   3. and my head is
   4. testa
   5. so heavy, that
   6. pesánte
   7. I can hardly
   8. potere appéna
   9. read a word.
   10. leggere paróla.

Scarce, or hardly must likewise be expressed by appéna.

1. 1. Scarce
   2. appéna
   3. were you gone out
   4. éssere uscíto
   5. last night,
   6. jéri sera
   7. when your friend,
   8. che amíco
   9. sir William Henry,
   10. cavaliére Guglielmo Enrico
   11. came to see me,
   12. veníre vedere
   13. and was very sorry
   14. dispiacere
   15. you did not stay
   16. restáre
   17. a little longer.
   18. poco più.

1. 1. There are
   2. éssere
   3. men in the world
   4. uómo mondo
   5. who are so much
   6. éssere tanto
   7. used to do mischief,
   8. avvézzo fare male
   9. that they are
   10. éssere
   11. hardly
   12. appéna
   13. out of trouble,
   14. uscíto impáccio
   15. but they immediately fall
   16. che súbito cadére
   17. into another.
   18. altro.

1. 1. Scarce
   2. appéna
   3. have you done
   4. avére fatto
   5. a good action,
   6. buóno azióne
   7. but you seem to repent it;
   8. parére pentírsi
   9. for were it not so,
   10. perchè éssere così
   11. you would not so soon again fall into
   12. così presto ricadére
   13. your former ill courses.
   14. primiéra cattiva vita.

To have much ado, must be rendered in Italian by stentáre, and requires the following verb in the Infinitive with the Preposition a.

1. 1. I had much ado
   2. stentáre
   3. yesterday
   4. jéri
   5. to persuade
   6. persuadére
   7. your brother
   8. fratéllo
   9. to stay with me;
   10. restáre
   11. he would go and sup with
   12. andáre cenáre
   13. Mr. Horace,
   14. Signór Orázio
   15. who came to town
   16. veníre città
   17. last night.
   18. jeri sera.

1. 1. I had much ado
   2. stentáre
   3. to make peace with
   4. fare pace
   5. your mother,
   6. madre
   7. she was fully resolved
   8. éssere affátto risolúto
   9. not to forgive you,
   10. perdonáre
   11. therefore
   12. perciò
   13. take care
   14. badáre
   15. for the future
   16. all’avveníre
   17. not to offend her
   18. offéndere
   19. any more.

1. 1. I had much ado
   2. stentáre
   3. to engage your uncle
   4. impegnáre zio
   5. to pass his word
   6. passáre paróla
   7. for a hundred pounds
   8. cento lira
   9. I owe Mr. Clement.
   10. dovére Cleménte.

To be quiet must be rendered in Italian by, star fermo, saldo, or chetársi.

1. 1. You will not be quiet
   2. stare fermo
   3. till you have done
   4. finchè avér fatto
   5. some mischief.
   6. male.

1. 1. Be quiet,
   2. chetársi
   3. or else
   4. altriménte
   5. I will make you
   6. fare
   7. repent it.
   8. pentíre.

1. 1. You would not be quiet
   2. stare saldo
   3. when I bid you,
   4. quando ordinare
   5. you see now
   6. vedere adésso
   7. what you suffer
   8. soffríre
   9. for it.

Abbassár gli occhj, signifies to look down.

1. 1. When you speak to
   2. quando parláre
   3. a person of great quality,
   4. persóna alto qualità
   5. you ought not
   6. dovere
   7. to stare at him,
   8. fissáre
   9. but you ought
   10. ma dovére
   11. sometimes
   12. qualche volta
   13. to look down
   14. abbassare gli occhj
   15. to show him
   16. mostráre
   17. the respect you have
   18. rispétto avére
   19. for him.