15. ILLUSTRATIVE EXERCISES.
(1a) The words in italics are categorematic.
(1) “Honesty is the best policy.”
(2) “A wise teacher never scolds.”
(3) “The woodcock has a long bill and eyes high up on the head.”
NOTE—If there is any doubt as to such words as never, on, etc., being syncategorematic, attempt to use them as subject or predicate of a proposition; e. g., John is never.
(1b) Underscore the categorematic words in the following:
(1) “Socrates was the greatest teacher of pagan times.”
(2) “Play is nature’s way of teaching a child how to work.”
(3) “A man may be what he chooses if he is willing to pay the price.”
(2a) In the following, words enclosed in parentheses are logical terms:
(1) (“All men) are (mortal.”)
(2) (“The law of identity) is (one of the primary laws of thought.”)
(3) (“Judging) is (the process of conjoining and disjoining notions.”)
(2b) Indicate the logical terms in the sentences under 1b.
(3a) The logical characteristics of the term teacher are
(1) general term,
(2) distributive term,
(3) concrete term,
(4) connotative term,
(5) positive term,
(6) relative term.
(3b) The logical characteristics of other terms are as follows:
(1) Goodness—general, abstract, non-connotative, positive, abstract.
(2) Soft—general, concrete, non-connotative, positive, “hard” is its opposite, “not-soft” is its contradictory, absolute.
(3) Disagreeable—general, concrete, non-connotative, “agreeable” is its opposite, “not-disagreeable” is its contradictory, nego-positive, absolute.
(4) Aristotle—singular, concrete, non-connotative, positive, absolute.
(5) Class—general, collective, concrete, connotative, positive, relative.
(3c) Give the logical characteristics of the following terms: justice, Abraham Lincoln, tree, library, America, president, principle, sympathy, dumb, nation.