2. EPICHEIREMA.

An epicheirema is a syllogism in which one or both of the premises is an enthymeme. To put it in another way: An epicheirema is a syllogism in which one or both of the premises is supported by a reason.

When one premise is an enthymeme the syllogism is termed a single epicheirema; whereas when both premises are enthymemes it becomes a double epicheirema.

Single epicheirema.

All men are mortal, because all men die,

Socrates was a man,

∴ Socrates was mortal.

Double epicheirema.

All men are mortal, because all men die,

Socrates was a man, because he was a rational animal,

∴ Socrates was mortal.

It is obvious that supporting each premise with a reason lends strength to the argument. This justifies the use of the epicheirema.