8. OUTLINE.

THE FIVE SPECIAL METHODS OF OBSERVATION AND EXPERIMENT.

(1) Aim of Five Methods.

Fundamental fact of causation.

Aim of analysis.

Methods of

agreement
difference
joint
concomitant variations
residues

(2) Method of Agreement.

Principle stated

Method symbolized

Method illustrated

Distinguishing features of method

A matter of observation and experiment

Advantages and disadvantages

(3) Method of Difference.

Principle stated

Method symbolized

Method illustrated

Advantages and disadvantages

Characteristic features

Agreement and Difference compared

(4) The Joint Method of Agreement and Difference

Principle stated

Method symbolized

Concrete illustrations

Distinguishing features

Advantages and disadvantages

(5) Method of Concomitant Variations

Principle stated

Method symbolized

Concrete illustrations

Distinguishing features

Advantages and disadvantages

(6) The Method of Residues

Principle stated

Method symbolized

Concrete illustrations

Distinguishing features

Advantages and disadvantages

(7) General Purpose and Unity of Five Methods

One fundamental principle