CONTENTS

PAGE
[Chapter I.]—Civilization and Learning in Ireland in Pagan Times1
[Chapter II.]—The Beginnings of Classical Learning15
[Chapter III.]—Irish Monasticism30
[Chapter IV.]—The Relation of the Irish Monastic Schools
to the General Educational Situation (550–900 A.D.)71
[Chapter V.]—Centres of Intellectual Life in Irish Monasteries93
[Chapter VI.]—Course of Studies119
[Chapter VII.]—Scope and Influence of Irish Scholarship171
Bibliography:—(a) [Sources]195
(b)[Secondary Authorities]198

“The ages which deserve an exact enquiry are those times (for such there were) when Ireland was the School of the West, the quiet habitation of sanctity and literature.”

—Extract from a letter written by Dr. Samuel Johnson (1709–1780) to Charles O’Connor (1710–1791), published in Edward O’Reilly’s Irish Writers, pp. i., ii. Dublin, 1770.


“Le peuple monastique des temps barbares, le peuple missionare, et destiné à apporter la lumière de la foi et de la science dans les ténèbres croissantes de l’Occident, c’est le peuple Irlandais dont on connait mieux les malheurs que les services et dont on n’a pas assez étudié l’étonnante vocation.”

—Ozanam, Frederic. La Civilisation Chrétienne chez les Francs, Ch. 4.


Roddet in cach cill caid

Etir tir is tuinnd is traig

Foglaim ecnai crabud De

Lubair cretra commairge.

—From a poem attributed to Flann Fine, the Irish name of Aldfrith, King of Northumbria (d. 704 A.D.), who studied in Ireland.

Text in Eriu, viii., p. 67.  Translation, p. 71.

This stanza is written in Old Irish, a language that can be read today by only a small number of scholars. The following translation, which is not in the source book, was made by Paul Walsh who published the entire poem in Eriu.

There were yielded in every holy church,

on land and water and beach,

learning of wisdom, piety to God,

ecclesiastical duty, relics, and protection.


Here is the stanza in modern Irish orthography.

Tuilleadh Feasa ar Éirinn óigh

Do chruinnigheasa ó scoith-seanóir;

Beag mo stuaim, gidh mór mo ghrádh

Ar an oileán uasal, Eire áin.

An t-Ughdar.


THE
EARLY IRISH MONASTIC
SCHOOLS