Early European History

by Hutton Webster

SYLLABI

The Illustrated Topics for Ancient History, arranged by D. C. Knowlton (Philadelphia, McKinley Publishing Co., 65 cents), contain much valuable material in the shape of a syllabus, source quotations, outline maps, pictures, and other aids. The following syllabi have been prepared for collegiate instruction:

Botsford, G. W. A Syllabus of Roman History (N. Y., 1915, Macmillan, 50 cents).

Munro, D. C., and SELLERY, G. C. A Syllabus of Medieval History, 395- 1500 (N. Y., 1913, Longmans, Green, and Co., $1.00).

Richardson, O. H. Syllabus of Continental European History from the Fall of Rome to 1870 (Boston, 1904, Ginn, boards, 75 cents).

Stephenson, Andrew. Syllabus of Lectures on European History (Terre
Haute, Ind., 1897, Inland Publishing Co., $1.50).

Thompson, J. W. Reference Studies in Medieval History (2d ed., Chicago, 1914, University of Chicago Press, $1.25). A rich collection of classified references.

ATLASES

An admirable collection of maps for school use is W. R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas (N. Y., 1911, Holt, $2.50), with about two hundred and fifty maps covering the historical field. The latest and one of the best of the classical atlases is Murray's Small Classical Atlas, edited by G. B. Grundy (N. Y., 1904, Oxford University Press, American Branch, $1.35). A special feature of this work is the adoption of the system of colored contours to indicate configuration. The Atlas of Ancient and Classical Geography in "Everyman's Library" (N. Y., 1910, Dutton, 35 cents) might well be purchased by every student. Other valuable works are E. W. Dow, Atlas of European History (N. Y., 1907, Holt, $1.50) and Ramsay Muir, A New School Atlas of Modern History (N. Y., 1911, Holt, $1.25). Much use can be made of the inexpensive and handy Literary and Historical Atlas of Europe by J. G. Bartholomew in "Everyman's Library" (N. Y., 1910, Dutton, 35 cents).

WALL MAPS AND CHARTS

Kiepert's New Wall Maps of Ancient History (Chicago, Rand, McNally, and Co.) and Johnston's Classical Series (Chicago, A. J. Nystrom and Co.) may be obtained singly, mounted on common rollers, or by sets in a case with spring rollers. The text is in Latin. The Spruner-Bretschneider Historical Maps are ten in number, size 62 x 52 inches, and cover the period from A.D. 350 to 1815. The text is in German (Chicago, Nystrom, each $6.00; Rand, McNally, and Co., each $6.50). Johnston's Maps of English and European History are sixteen in number, size 40 x 30 inches, and include four maps of ancient history (Chicago, Nystrom, each $2.50). A new series of European History Maps, thirty-nine in number, size 44 x 32 inches, has been prepared for the study of ancient history by Professors J. H. Breasted and C. F. Huth, and for medieval and modern history by Professor S. B. Harding (Chicago, Denoyer-Geppert Co., complete set with tripod stand, $52.00; in two spring roller cases, $73.00). These maps may also be had separately. The maps in this admirable series omit all irrelevant detail, present place names in the modern English form, and in choice of subject matter emphasize the American viewpoint. The school should also possess good physical wall maps such as the Sydow-Habenicht or the Kiepert series, both to be obtained from Rand, McNally, and Co. The text is in German. Phillips's Model Test Maps and Johnston's New Series of Physical Wall Maps are obtainable from A. J. Nystrom and Co. The only large charts available are those prepared by MacCoun for his Historical Geography Charts of Europe. The two sections, "Ancient and Classical" and "Medieval and Modern," are sold separately (N. Y., Silver, Burdett, and Co., $15.00). A helpful series of Blackboard Outline Maps is issued by J. L. Engle, Beaver, Penn. These are wall maps, printed with paint on blackboard cloth, for use with an ordinary crayon. Such maps are also sold by the Denoyer-Geppert Co., Chicago.

OUTLINE MAPS

The "Studies" following each chapter of this book include various exercises for which small outline maps are required. Such maps are sold by D. C. Heath and Co., Boston, New York, Chicago. Useful atlases of outline maps are also to be had of the McKinley Publishing Co., Philadelphia, Atkinson, Mentzer and Grover, Chicago, W. B. Harison, New York City, and of other publishers.

ILLUSTRATIONS

The best photographs of ancient works of art must usually be obtained from the foreign publishers in Naples, Florence, Rome, Munich, Paris, Athens, and London, or from their American agents. Such photographs, in the usual size, 8 x 10 inches, sell, unmounted, at from 6 to 8 francs a dozen. All dealers in lantern slides issue descriptive catalogues of a great variety of archaeological subjects. In addition to photographs and lantern slides, a collection of stereoscopic views is very helpful in giving vividness and interest to instruction in ancient history. An admirable series of photographs for the stereoscope, including Egypt, Palestine, Greece, and Italy, is issued by Underwood and Underwood, New York City. The same firm supplies convenient maps and handbooks for use in this connection. The Keystone stereographs, prepared by the Keystone View Company, Meadville, Penn., may also be cordially recommended. The architecture, costumes, amusements, and occupations of the Middle Ages in England are shown in Longmans' Historical Illustrations (six portfolios, each containing twelve plates in black-and-white, Longmans, Green, and Co., 90 cents, each portfolio). The same firm issues Longmans' Historical Wall Pictures, consisting of twelve colored pictures from original paintings illustrating English history (each picture, separately, 80 cents; in a portfolio, $10.50). Other notable collections are Lehmann's Geographical Pictures, Historical Pictures, and Types of Nations, and Cybulski's Historical Pictures (Chicago, Denoyer-Geppert Co.; each picture separately mounted on rollers, $1.35 to $2.25). The New England History Teachers' Association publishes a series of Authentic Pictures for Class Room Use, size 5 x 8 inches, price 3 cents each. The Catalogue of the Collection of Historical Material at Simmons College, prepared by the New England History Teachers' Association (2d ed., Boston, 1912, Houghton Mifflin Co., 25 cents), contains an extensive list of pictures, slides, models, and other aids to history teaching. Among the more useful collections in book form of photographic reproductions and drawings are the following:

Fechneimer, Hedwig. Die Plastik der Ägypter (2d. ed., Berlin, 1914, B.
Cassirer, 12 marks). 156 plates of Egyptian sculpture.

Fougères, Gustvae. La vie publique et privée des Grecs et des Romains (2d ed., Paris, 1900, Hachette, 15 francs). An album of 85 pictures.

Furtwängler, Adolf. Masterpieces of Greek Sculpture (N. Y., Scribner, $15.00).

Hekler, Anton. Greek and Roman Portraits (N. Y., 1913, Putnam, $7.50). 311 plates, with comment and bibliography.

Hill, G. F. Illustrations of School Classics (N. Y., 1903, Macmillan, $2.50).

Muzik, H., and Perschinka, F. Kunst und Leben im Altertum (Vienna, 1909,
F. Tempsky; Leipzig, G. Freytag, 4.40 marks).

Osborne, Duffield. Engraved Gems (N. Y., 1913, Holt, $6.00).

Parmentier, A. Album historique (Paris, 1894-1905, Colin, 4 vols., each 15 francs). Illustrations covering the medieval and modern periods, with descriptive text in French.

Rheinhard, Hermann. Album des klassischen Altertums (Stuttgart, 1882,
Hoffman, 18 marks). 72 pictures in colors.

Rouse, W. H. D. Atlas of Classical Portraits. Greek Section, Roman Section (London, 1898, Dent, 2 vols., each 1_s_. 6_d_.). Small, half-tone engravings, accompanied by brief biographies.

Schreiber, Theodor. Atlas of Classical Antiquities (N. Y., 1895,
Macmillan, $6.50).

WORKS OF TRAVEL

To vitalize the study of geography and history there is nothing better than the reading of modern books of travel. Among these may be mentioned:

Allinson, F. G. and Allinson, Anne C. E. Greek Lands and Letters (Boston, 1909, Houghton Mifflin Co., $2.50). An entertaining work of mingled history and geography.

Barrows, S. J. The Isles and Shrines of Greece (Boston, 1898, Little,
Brown, and Co., $2.00).

Clark, F. E. The Holy Land of Asia Minor (N. Y., 1914, Scribner, $1.00).
Popular sketches.

Dunning, H. W. To-day on the Nile (N. Y., 1905, Pott, $2.50).

——— To-day in Palestine (N. Y., 1907, Pott, $2.50).

Dwight, H. G. Constantinople, Old and New (N. Y., 1915, Scribner, $5.00).

Edwards, Amelia B. A Thousand Miles up the Nile (2d ed., N. Y., 1888,
Dutton, $2.50).

Forman, H. J. The Ideal Italian Tour (Boston, 1911, Houghton Mifflin
Co., $1.50). A brief and attractive volume covering all Italy.

Hay, John. Castilian Days (Boston, 1871, Houghton Mifflin Co., $1.25).

Hutton, Edward, Rome (N. Y., 1909, Macmillan, $2.00).

Jackson, A. V. W. Persia, Past and Present (N. Y., 1906, Macmillan, $4.00).

Lucas, E. V. A Wanderer in Florence (N. Y., 1912, Macmillan, $1.75).

Manatt, J. I. Aegean Days (Boston, 1913, Houghton Mifflin Co., $3.00).
Describes the most important islands of the Aegean.

Marden, P. S. Greece and the Aegean Islands (Boston, 1907, Houghton
Mifflin Co., $3.00).

Paton, W. A. Picturesque Sicily (2d ed., N. Y., 1902, Harper, $2.50).

Richardson, R. B. Vacation Days in Greece (N. Y., 1903, Scribner, $2.00).

Warner, C. D. In the Levant (N. Y., 1876, Harper, $2.00).

HISTORICAL FICTION

The following works of historical fiction comprise only a selection from a very large number of books suitable for supplementary reading. For extended bibliographies see E. A. Baker, A Guide to Historical Fiction (new ed., N. Y., 1914, Macmillan, $6.00) and Jonathan Nield, A Guide to the Best Historical Novels and Tales (3d ed., N. Y., 1904, Putnam, $1.75). An excellent list of historical stories, especially designed for children, will be found in the Bibliography of History for Schools and Libraries, parts viii-ix.

Bulwer-Lytton, Edward. The Last Days of Pompeii (Boston, 1834, Little,
Brown, and Co., $1.25).

Champney, Elizabeth W. The Romance of Imperial Rome (N. Y., 1910,
Putnam, $3.50).

Church, A. J. Roman Life in the Days of Cicero (N. Y., 1883, Macmillan, 50 cents).

——— Stories of Charlemagne and the Twelve Peers of France (N. Y., 1902, Macmillan, $1.75).

Cox, G. W. Tales of Ancient Greece (Chicago, 1868, McClurg, $1.00).

Dahn, Felix, Felicitas (Chicago, 1883, McClurg, 75 cents). Rome, 476
A.D.

Doyle, A. C. The White Company (Boston, 1890, Caldwell, 75 cents). The
English in France and Castile, 1366-1367 A.D.

Ebers, Georg, Uarda (N. Y., 1877, Appleton, 2 vols., $1.50). Egypt, fourteenth century B.C.

Eliot, George. Romola (N. Y., 1863, Dutton, 35 cents). Florence and
Savonarola in the latter part of the fifteenth century.

Fénelon, François. Adventures of Telemachus, translated by Dr.
Hawkesworth (Boston, Houghton Mifflin Co., $2.25).

Hale, E. E. In His Name (Boston, 1873, Little, Brown, and Co., $1.00).
The Waldenses about 1179 A.D.

Hardy, A. S. Passe Rose (Boston, 1889, Houghton Mifflin Co., $1.25).
Franks and Saxons of Charlemagne's time.

Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter (N. Y., 1850, Dutton, 35 cents). Massachusetts in the seventeenth century.

Henty, G. A. The Young Carthaginian (N. Y., 1886, Scribner, $1.50).
Second Punic War.

Hugo, Victor. Notre Dame (N. Y. 1831, Dutton, 35 cents). Paris, late fifteenth century.

Irving, Washington. The Alhambra (N. Y., 1832, Putnam, $1.00). Sketches of the Moors and Spaniards.

Jacobs, Joseph (editor). The Most Delectable History of Reynard the Fox
(N. Y., 1895, Macmillan, $1.50).

Kingsley, Charles S. Hypatia (N. Y., 1853, Macmillan, $1.25).
Alexandria, 391 A.D.

——— Westward Ho! (N. Y., 1855, Button, 35 Cents). Voyages of Elizabethan seamen and the struggle with Spain.

Kipling, Rudyard. Puck of Pooks Hill (N. Y., 1906, Doubleday, Page, and
Co., $1.50). Roman occupation of Britain.

Lang, Andrew. The Monk of Fife (N. Y., 1895, Longmans, Green, and Co., $1.25). The Maid of Orleans and the Hundred Years' War.

Lane, E. W. (translator). The Arabian Nights' Entertainments (2d ed., N.
Y., 1859, Macmillan, 35 cents).

London, Jack. Before Adam (N. Y., 1907, Macmillan, $1.50). Prehistoric life.

Manzoni, Alessandro. The Betrothed (N. Y., 1825, Macmillan, 2 vols., 70 cents). Milan under Spanish rule, 1628-1630 A.D.

Mason, Eugene (translator). Aucassin and Nicolette and other Medieval
Romances, and Legends (N. Y., 1910, Dutton, 35 cents).

Newman, J. H. Callista (N. Y., 1856, Longmans, Green, and Co., $1.25).
Persecution of Christians in North Africa, 250 A.D.

Reade, Charles. The Cloister and the Hearth (N. Y., 1861, Dutton, 35 cents). Eve of the Reformation.

Scheffel, J. Von. Ekkehard, translated by Helena Easson (N. Y., 1857,
Dutton, 35 cents). Germany in the tenth century.

Scott, (Sir) Walter. The Talisman (N. Y., 1825, Dutton, 35 cents). Reign of Richard I, 1193 A.D.

——— Ivanhoe (N. Y., Heath, 50 cents). Richard I, 1194 A.D.

Sienkiewicz, Henryk. Quo Vadis? (Boston, 1896, Little, Brown, and Co., $2.00). Reign of Nero.

Stevenson, R. L. The Black Arrow (N. Y., 1888, Scribner, $1.00). War of the Roses.

"Twain, Mark." A Connecticut Yankee at the Court of King Arthur (N. Y., 1889, Harper, $1.75).

Wallace, Lew. Ben-Hur; a Tale of the Christ (N. Y., 1880, Harper, $1.50).

Waterloo, Stanley. The Story of Ab (2d ed., N. Y., 1905, Doubleday,
Page, and Co., $1.50). Prehistoric life.

HISTORICAL POETRY

It is unnecessary to emphasize the value, as collateral reading, of historical poems and plays. To the brief list which follows should be added the material in Katharine Lee Bates and Katharine Coman, English History told by English Poets (N. Y., 1902, Macmillan, 60 cents).

Browning, Robert. Echetlos and Pheidippides.

Burns, Robert. The Battle of Bannockburn.

Byron (Lord). Song of Saul before His Last Battle, The Destruction of Sennacherib, Belshazzar's Feast, Prometheus, "Greece" (The Corsair, canto iii, lines 1-54), "Modern Greece" (Childe Harold, canto ii, stanzas 85-91), "The Death of Greece" (The Giaour, lines 68-141), "The Isles of Greece" (Don Juan, canto in), and "The Colosseum" (Childe Harold, canto iv, stanzas 140-145).

Clough, A. H. Columbus.

Coleridge, S. T. Kubla Khan.

Domett, Alfred. A Christmas Hymn

Drayton, Michael. The Battle of Agincourt.

Dryden, John. Alexander's Feast.

Jonson, Ben. Hymn to Diana.

Keats, John. Ode on a Grecian Urn.

Kingsley, Charles. Andromeda and The Red King.

Landor, W. S. Orpheus and Eurydice.

Longfellow, H. W. "The Saga of King Olaf" (Tales of a Wayside Inn) and The Skeleton in Armor.

Lowell, J. R. Rhoecus and The Shepherd of King Admetus.

Macaulay, T. B. Lays of Ancient Rome ("Horatius," "Virginia," "The Battle of Lake Regillus," and "The Prophecy of Capys"), The Armada, and The Battle of Ivry.

Miller, Joaquin. Columbus.

Milton, John. Ode on the Morning of Christ's Nativity.

Praed, W. M. Arminius.

Rossetti, D. G. The White Ship.

Schiller, Friedrich. The Maid of Orleans, William Tell, Maria Stuart, and Wallenstein.

Scott, (Sir) Walter. "Flodden Field" (Marmion, canto vi, stanzas 19-27, 33-35).

Shakespeare, William. Coriolanus, Julius Caesar, Antony and Cleopatra,
King John, Richard the Second, Henry the Fourth, parts i and ii, Henry
the Fifth, Henry the Sixth, parts i, ii, and iii, Richard the Third,
Henry the Eighth, and The Merchant of Venice.

Shelley, P. B. To the Nile, Ozymandias, Hymn of Apollo, Arethusa, and Song of Proserpine.

Tennyson, Alfred. Ulysses, Oenone, The Death of Oenone, Demeter and
Persephone, The Lotus-Eaters, Boadicea, St. Telemachus, St. Simeon
Stylites, Sir Galahad, and The Revenge: a Ballad of the Fleet.

Thackeray, W. M. King Canute.

Wordsworth, William. Laodamia.

SOURCES

Full information regarding the best translations of the sources of ancient, medieval, and modern history is to be found in one of the Reports previously cited—Historical Sources in Schools, parts ii-iv. The use of the following collections of extracts from the sources will go far toward remedying the lack of library facilities.

Botsford, G. W., and Botsford, Lillie S. Source Book of Ancient History
(N. Y., 1912, Macmillan, $1.30).

Davis, W. S. Readings in Ancient History (Boston, 1912, Allyn and Bacon, 2 vols., $2.00).

Duncalf, Frederic, and Krey, A. C. Parallel Source Problems in Medieval
History (N. Y., 1912, Harper, $1.10).

Fling, F. M. A Source Book of Greek History (N. Y., 1907, Heath, $1.12).

Munro, D. C. A Source Book of Roman History (N. Y., 1904, Heath, $1.12).

Ogg, F. A. A Source Book of Medieval History (N. Y., 1907, American Book
Co., $1.50).

Robinson, J. H. Readings in European History (Abridged ed., Boston, 1906, Ginn, $1.50).

Thallon, Ida C. Readings in Greek History (Boston, 1914, Ginn, $2.00).

Thatcher, O. J., and McNeal, E. H. A Source Book for Medieval History
(N. Y., 1905, Scribner, $1.85).

Webster, Hutton. Readings in Ancient History (N. Y., 1913, Heath, $1.12).

——— Readings in Medieval and Modern History (N. Y., 1917, Heath, $1.12).

Translations and Reprints from the Original Sources of European History (N. Y., 1894-1899, Longmans, Green, and Co., 6 vols., each $1.50).

MODERN WORKS

Most of the books in the following list are inexpensive, easily procured, and well adapted in style and choice of topics to the needs of immature pupils. A few more elaborate and costly volumes, especially valuable for their illustrations, are indicated by an asterisk (*). For detailed bibliographies, often accompanied by critical estimates, see C. K. Adams, A Manual of Historical Literature (3d ed., N. Y., 1889, Harper, $2.50), and the Bibliography of History for Schools and Libraries, parts iii-v.