EVA, Kneberg (Kneberg, 1956): A-35
GENERAL DESCRIPTION: The Eva is a medium to large, basally notched point with an excurvate or recurvate blade.
MEASUREMENTS: The 10 plesiotypes which supplied the features (the illustrated example is included) range in measurements as follows: length—maximum, 96 mm.; minimum, 48 mm.; average, 61 mm.: shoulder width—maximum, 39 mm.; minimum, 25 mm.; average, 33 mm.: stem width—maximum, 26 mm.; minimum, 11 mm.; average, 18 mm.: stem length—maximum, 7 mm.; minimum, 5 mm.; average, 6 mm.: thickness—maximum, 10 mm.; minimum, 8 mm.; average, 9 mm.
FORM: The cross-section is biconvex. Shoulders are simple-barbed and inversely tapered. The blade is usually excurvate but may be recurvate. The distal end is acute. Basal notches range from 1 to 7 mm. deep and average 4 mm. deep. The notch width range is from 3 to 9 mm.; notch width average is 6 mm. Retouching often leaves the stem longer than the barbs. The stem is either straight or contracted. Stem side edges may be straight or excurvate. The stem base is usually straight but may be excurvate; it is usually thinned by retouching and may be lightly ground.
FLAKING: The blade and hafting area are shaped by strong, broad, shallow, random flaking. The blade face is thinned from edge to center by broad secondary flaking. Some fine retouch appears along the blade and hafting area edges. The basal notches are formed perpendicular to the base by removal of one broad flake from opposite faces on each side of the stem. Retouching often shortened the barbs; in some cases a barb was almost completely worked away. No retouch was noted in the notches.
COMMENTS: The point is named after the Eva Site in Benton County, Tennessee. The illustrated example is among the 10 measured plesiotypes from the Plevna Site, Cambron 79, in Madison County, Alabama. Lewis and Lewis (1961) describe most examples from the Eva Site as having recurvate blade edges and sometimes displaying barbs longer than the stems. Examples of the type were in association at the Eva Site with materials dated by radiocarbon method at 7200 B. P. Lewis and Lewis (1961) also describe a smaller, narrower variant found at later levels as Eva II. Four examples of the Eva type were recovered from Zone A—one each from Levels 3, 7, 9 and 11—at Stanfield-Worley Bluff Shelter in Colbert County, Alabama (DeJarnette, Kurjack and Cambron, 1962). Four examples were recovered from the bottom of Stratum II (Archaic) at Flint Creek Rock Shelter (Cambron and Waters, 1961). At Little Bear Creek Site in Colbert County, Alabama (Webb and DeJarnette, 1948b), one example was recovered from the 8-foot level (below the shellmidden). Numerous surface finds in North Alabama also indicate an early Archaic association. The 7200 B. P. date at Eva Site appears acceptable.