Heath's French and English dictionary

by Jean Louis de Lolme

P

p, n.m., the sixteenth letter of the alphabet, p.

p. (initial letter of Père), father (priest).

p. (initial letter of Pour), (com.) per.

paca, n.m., kind of guinea-pig.

pacage, n.m., pasture-land.

pacager, v.n., (jur.) to pasture.

in pace, n.m. V. in pace.

pacha, n.m. (—s), pacha, bashaw.

pachalik (pa-ka-lik), n.m. (—s), pachalic.

pachyderme, n.m. and adj., pachyderm; pachydermatous.

pacificat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., pacificator, pacifier; pacifying, peace-maker.

pacification, n.f., pacification, peace-making, appeasement; adjustment.

pacifier, v.a., to pacify, to appease; to still, to calm. Se —; to become, or to be, pacified.

pacifique, adj., pacific, peaceable, peaceful.

pacifiquement (-fik-mān), adv., peacefully, peaceably, quietly.

pacotille, n.f., (com.) venture, pack, bale, trumpery wares; quantity, stock; seaman’s venture. Marchandises de —; slops; slop-made, ready-made, cheap, goods; salework.

pacotiller, v.n., to traffic in, or take out, small ventures.

pacotilleur, n.m., small sea-trader.

pacte, n.m., compact, contract, pact, agreement.

pactiser, v.n., to covenant, to make a compact with, to compound (with).

pactole, n.m., Pactolus; (fig.) a source of great wealth.

padischa, n.m., (—s) the Sultan of Turkey.

padou, n.m., ferret, narrow tape.

padouane, n.f., Paduan coin (imitation of an ancient medal).

paf, int., slap! bang!

se paffer, v.r., (pop.) to booze, to get drunk.

pæan (pé-an), n.m., pæan.

pagaie, n.f., paddle (of a canoe). Aller à la —; (nav.) to paddle.

en pagale, adv., hurriedly, in disorder; in bulk, unpacked.

paganisme, n.m., paganism, heathenism.

pagayer, v.a. and n., (nav.) to paddle.

pagayeur, n.m., paddler.

page, n.m., page (person). Être hors de —; to be one’s own master.

page, n.f., page (of a book). Le haut, le bas, d’une —; the top, the bottom, of a page. Mettre en —s; (print.) to make up, to click. Metteur en —s; clicker, maker-up.

pagination, n.f., paging.

paginer, v.a., to page, to folio.

*pagne, n.m., cotton drawers (negro’s).

*pagnon, n.m., black broadcloth.

pagode, n.f., pagoda. Manche —; wide sleeve.

paie, n.f. V. paye.

paiement or paîment, n.m. V. payement.

païen, -ne, n. and adj., pagan, heathen. Les dieux des —s; the gods of the pagans.

*paillard, -e, n. and adj., (l.ex.) wanton, lewd person, rake, boon-companion; lecherous, lewd, broad, racy.

*paillarder, v.n., (l.ex.) to practise lewdness, to play the wanton.

*paillardise, n.f., (l.ex.) lechery, lewdness, wantonness.

*paillasse, n.f., straw mattress, palliasse; ticking, tick.

paillasse, n.m., clown, merry-andrew.

*paillasson, n.m., straw-matting; straw-mat; mat, door-mat; window pad.

*paille, n.f., straw; chaff; flaw (of gems, of metals); (manu.) chip; mote. Menue —; chaff. Brin de —; bit of straw. Botte de —; truss or bottle of straw. Chapeau de —; straw-hat. Couleur —; straw-colored. Homme de —; man-of-straw. Un feu de —; straw fire, sudden, short blaze. Tirer à la courte —; to draw lots, to draw cuts. Rompre la — avec quelqu’un; to fall out with any one. Ce diamant a une —; that diamond has a flaw in it. Mourir sur la —; to die a miserable death; to die in the gutter. Être sur la —; to be miserably poor. Cela enlève la —; that takes the cake. Tout, — et blé; everything, to the last penny.

*paille, adj. invariable, straw-colored.

*paillé, -e, adj., (her.) diapered; covered with straw; flawy (of metals); straw-colored.

*paille-en-queue, n.m., (—) tropic-bird, phaeton.

*pailler, n.m., farm-yard, heap of straw, straw-rick, dunghill. Chapon de —; barn-door capon. Être sur son —; to be in one’s stronghold.

*paill-er, -ère, adj., of farm-yards.

*paillet, adj., pale (of red wine).

*pailleter, v.a., to spangle.

*paillette, n.f., spangle.

*pailleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., dealer in straw.

*pailleu-x, -se, adj., flawy (of metals). Du fer —; flawy iron.

*paillon, n.m., wisp of straw, large spangle; bit of solder.

pain, n.m., bread, loaf; cake (of color, etc.). Un —; a loaf. Du —; some bread. Un petit —; a roll. — mollet; soft bread. Du — bis; brown bread. Du — frais, du — tendre; new bread. Du — rassis; stale bread. — de munition; regulation bread. — sans levain; unleavened bread. — de ménage; home-made bread, household bread. Manger son — blanc le premier; to have the best of one’s life first, or to have one’s happiest days over. — chapelé; rasped bread. Il sait son — manger; he knows how to shift for himself. Ne pas valoir le — qu’on mange; not to be worth one’s salt. — quotidien; daily bread. Mettre à quelqu’un le — à la main; to give any one his bread. Avoir son — cuit; to have a competency, to have enough to live on. Avoir du — sur la planche; to have saved money. — de sucre; sugar-loaf. — de savon; cake of soap. — bénit; consecrated bread. C’est — bénit; it serves him right. C’est un long jour qu’un jour sans —; ’tis a long lane that has no turning. Un — à cacheter; a wafer. — d’épice; gingerbread. Tel grain tel —; as you sow, you must mow. Faire passer le goût du —; (fam.) to kill, to do for.

pair, adj., even (of numbers); similar. Non —; odd. — ou non; odd or even.

pair, n.m., peer; equal; par; equality; fellow, equal footing, common level; (of birds) mate. Le change est au —; the exchange is at par. Au —; at par; not behindhand (with one’s task); with board and lodging, but no salary. Être jugé par ses —s; to be tried by one’s peers. Sans —; matchless. Nous voilà — à —; now, we are even. De —; on a par, on an equality. Aller de — avec quelqu’un; to go cheek by jowl with any one. Marcher de — avec; to be on an equal footing with. Traiter quelqu’un de — à compagnon; to be hail-fellow well met with any one. Hors de —; beyond comparison, beyond compare, above the level of others.

paire, n.f., pair, brace, couple. Une — de bœufs; a pair of oxen. Une — de ciseaux; a pair of scissors. Les deux font la —; they are well-matched.

pairement (pèr-mān), adv., (arith.) evenly.

pairesse, n.f., peeress.

pairie, n.f., peerage.

paisible, adj., peaceable, peaceful, quiet, still, calm. Sommeil —; peaceful sleep. Mener une vie —; to lead a peaceful life.

paisiblement, adv., peaceably, peacefully.

paisson, n.f., pasture (in forests).

paître (paissant, pu), v.a. and n., to graze, to feed, to tend. Mener — des moutons; to drive sheep to pasture. Envoyer — quelqu’un; to send any one about his business. Allez —; go about your business.

se paître, v.r., to feed (on).

paix, n.f., peace; quiet; rest, stillness, silence; (c.rel.) osculatory, pax. Troubler la — de; to disturb the peace of. Garder la —; to keep the peace. — fourrée, — plâtrée; hypocritical peace, patched-up peace. Laissez-moi en —; let me alone. Il a fait sa —; he has made his peace. Ne donner ni — ni trève à quelqu’un; to leave no one any rest. Donner, laisser, ficher la — à; to leave any one alone; not to bother any one.

paix! int., peace! be quiet!

pal, n.m., (—s, or paux) pale, stake (punishment); (her.) pale.

paladin, n.m., paladin, champion, knight-errant. C’est un vrai —; he is a perfect knight-errant.

palais, n.m., palace; mansion; court of justice; law-courts; hall; palate (of the mouth); taste. Terme de —; law term. Style du —, style de —; law style. — de justice; law-courts. Jour de —; court day.

palan, n.m., (nav.) tackle, hoisting gear.

palanche, n.f., yoke (for carrying pails).

palançons, n.m.pl., (mas.) props (to support mud-walls till they are dry).

palanque, n.f., (fort.) blindage, blind; stockade.

palanquer, v.a., to hoist, to haul on a tackle.

palanquin, n.m., palanquin.

palastre, n.m., case (of a lock).

palatale, n. and adj. f., (gram.) palatal.

palatin, -e, adj., Palatine.

palatin, n.m., Palatine.

palatin, -e, adj., (anat.) of the palate.

palatinat, n.m., Palatinate.

palatine, n.f., wife of a Palatine; Palatine princess; fur-tippet; tippet, victorine.

pale, n.f., sluice, flood-gate; blade (of an oar); paddle-board; (c.rel.) pall; (orni.) spoon-bill.

pâle, adj., pale, wan, pallid; ghastly. — comme la mort; as pale as death. — de colère; pale with rage. Un peu —; palish, somewhat pale. Bleu —; pale blue. —s couleurs; (med.) chlorosis, green-sickness. Cet ouvrage est d’un style —; the style of that work is tame or colorless.

paléage, n.m., shoveling.

palée, n.f., row of stakes, of pales.

palefrenier (pal-frē-nié), n.m., groom, ostler.

palefroi (pal-froa), n.m., palfrey.

palémon, n.m., prawn.

paléographe, n.m., paleographer.

paléographie, n.f., paleography (study of ancient writings).

paléontologie, n.f., paleontology.

paléontologique, adj., paleontological.

paléontologiste, n.m., paleontologist.

paléothérium, n.m., (—s) (foss.) paleotherium.

paleron (pa-lron), n.m., shoulder-blade, shoulder-bone.

palestine, n.f., (print.) two-line pica.

palestre, n.f., (antiq.) palestra.

palestrique, adj., (antiq.) palestrian, palestric.

palestrique, n.f., (antiq.) palestra (exercises).

palet, n.m., quoit. Jouer au —; to play at quoits.

paletot (pal-to), n.m., paletot; great coat; overcoat. — pilote; pilot-coat. — sac; sack-coat.

palette, n.f., battledore, racket, bat; (paint.) pallet; palette; (surg.) pallet; (gilding) pallet; (horl.) pallet; (tech.) float-board, blade. Sentir la —; to smack of the pallet.

palétuvier, n.m., (bot.) mangrove, mangle; button-tree.

pâleur, n.f., paleness, wanness, tameness, ghastliness. — mortelle; deathlike pallor.

pali, n.m., (philol.) Pahli, Pali. Etudier le —; to study Pahli, the Pali language.

pâli, -e, adj., grown pale.

palier, n.m., landing; landing-place (of a staircase); stair-head, flat, floor. Demeurer sur le même —; to live on the same floor. Un homme est fort sur son —; every man is a king in his own house.

palière, n.f., top-stair. Porte —; landing-door.

palification, n.f., (engineering) palification, pile-driving.

palimpseste, n.m., palimpsest.

palingénésie, n.f., palingenesia, palingenesy, regeneration.

palinod, n.m., palinod (verses made in honor of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin).

palinodie, n.f., palinody, recantation. Chanter la —; (fam., fig.) to retract, to recant.

pâlir, v.n., to grow, to turn, to become pale, to grow dim, to pale. Son étoile pâlit; his star is on the wane. — sur les livres; to pore over books.

pâlir, v.a., to turn, to make pale; to bleach. Le vinaigre pâlit les lèvres; vinegar bleaches the lips. Faire —; to throw into the shade; to pale; to eclipse; to frighten.

palis, n.m., pale, paling; inclosure, fence.

palissade, n.f., palisade, paling; wooden fence; hedgerow; (fort.) stockade.

palissader, v.a., to fence with palisades, to palisade; (fort.) to stockade, to line with trees.

palissage, n.m., (hort.) paling or nailing up.

palissandre or palixandre, n.m., violet ebony, rosewood.

pâlissant, adj., turning pale, waning.

palisser, v.a., (hort.) to pale up, to train, to nail up.

palisson, n.m., (furriers) softening-iron; softening-board.

paliure, n.m., (bot.) dry hawthorn (for hedges).

palixandre, n.m. V. palissandre.

palladium (pal-la-diom), n.m., Palladium; (fig.) palladium; (chem.) palladium.

pallas (pal-lâs), n.f., (astron.) Pallas.

palle, n.f., (c.rel.). V. pale.

palliati-f, -ve (pal-li-), adj., (med.) palliative.

palliatif, n.m., palliative.

palliation (pal-li-), n.f., palliation.

pallier (pal-lié), v.a., to excuse; to palliate, to alleviate, to mitigate.

pallium (pa-li-om), n.m., pallium, pall.

palma-christi, n.m., (—) (bot.). V. ricin.

palmaire, adj., (anat.) palmar; (orni.) webbed.

palmarès, n.m., prize-list, programme (distribution of prizes).

palme, n.f., palm, palm-tree; palm-branch; victory, triumph. Remporter la —; to bear away the palm. La — du martyre; the crown of martyrdom. Huile de —; palm-oil.

palme, n.m., palm, hand’s breadth.

palmé, -e, adj., palmated; webbed; fin-toed; (bot.) handed.

palmette, n.f., palm-leaf (ornament).

palmier, n.m., palm-tree, palm. — en éventail; macaw-tree. — huileux; palm-oil-tree. — du Japon, — à sagou; sago-tree. — marin; sea-palm-tree. — nain; dwarf-palm.

palmifère, adj., (bot.) palmiferous.

palmipède, adj., (orni.) palmiped, fin-footed, web-footed.

palmipède, n.m., (orni.) palmiped.

palmiste, n.m., (bot.) palmetto, cabbage-tree; (orni.) palm-squirrel.

palmite, n.m., palm-sap.

palombe, n.f., (orni.) wood-pigeon, ring-dove.

palonnier, n.m., whipple-tree; (of a coach) swing-bar, pole.

palot, n.m., (pop.) clown, clod-hopper, boor, bumpkin.

pâlot, -te, adj., palish, rather pale.

palpable, adj., palpable.

palpablement, adv., palpably.

palpe, n.f., (ent.) palp, feeler.

palpébral, -e, adj., (anat.) palpebral.

palper, v.a., to feel, to palp; to feel about; to pocket, to receive. — de l’argent; to finger money. — l’eau; to dip the oar.

palpitant, -e, adj., palpitating, panting. Cœur —; throbbing, beating, heart. Des membres —s; quivering limbs.

palpitation, n.f., palpitation; throbbing, throb; beating; quivering, quiver; thrill, flutter, fluttering.

palpiter, v.n., to palpitate, to throb; to pant, to beat; to thrill, to quiver; to flutter. Le cœur lui palpite; his heart flutters.

palplanche, n.f., sheeting-pile (mas.).

palsambleu! par la sambleu! int., zounds! forsooth! (an oath peculiar to Louis XI.).

paltoquet, n.m., clown, clownish fellow; nobody.

paludéen, -ne (-dé-in, -dé-è-n), adj., paludal, marshy. Fièvre —ne; marsh-fever.

paludier, n.m., salt-maker.

paludière, n.f., salt-marsh.

palus (-lûs), n.m., (geog.) marsh, moor, fen.

palustre, adj., paludal.

pâmer, v.n., to swoon away. Faire — de rire; to make any one split his sides with laughing, to make any one die with laughter.

se pâmer, v.r., to swoon away, to swoon; to faint, to faint away. Se — de joie; to be transported with joy. Se — de rire; to be ready to die with laughter, to split one’s sides with laughter.

pâmoison, n.f., swoon, fainting fit, rapture. Tomber en —; to fall into a swoon, to swoon, to faint away.

pampa, n.f., (—s (-pass)), pampas.

pampe, n.f., corn-blade.

pamphlet, n.m., pamphlet.

pamphlétaire, n.m., pamphleteer.

pampiniforme, adj., (anat.) pampiniform.

pamplemousse, n.f., (bot.) shaddock.

pampre, n.m., vine-branch (full of leaves); vine-leaf; (arch.) pampre, vine-branch.

pan, n.m., flap, lappet; skirt; large piece; stretch (of the sky); side, section (of a wall). — d’un habit; flap of a coat. — de muraille; large section of a wall. — coupé; (carp.) cant. À —s coupés; (carp.) cantwise. Tour à six —s; six-sided, six-fronted, tower.

pan! int., slap! flap! smack!

panacée, n.f., panacea, universal remedy, nostrum.

panache, n.m., plume, bunch of feathers; (bot.) streaks of color (in a flower); cap, top (of a church lamp); (arch.) triangular part of an arch. — de mer; amphitrite.

panaché, -e, part., plumed, tufted, striped, streaked, variegated. Tulipe —e, rose —e; striped tulip, striped rose. Glace —e; (cook.) mixed ice-cream.

panacher, v.a., to plume, to streak, to variegate.

se panacher, v.r., to become streaked, to become striped, variegated; to be streaked, to be striped.

panachure, n.f., (of flowers, fruit) variety of colors, variegation; streak.

panade, n.f., (cook.) bread-soup.

se panader, v.r. V. se pavaner.

panage, n.m., pannage.

panais, n.m., (bot.) parsnip.

panama, n.m., Panama-hat.

panard, adj., (of a horse) crook-legged.

panarine, n.f., (bot.) whitlowwort.

panaris, n.m., (med.) whitlow.

pancaliers, n.m., (bot.) Pancaliers cabbage.

pancarte, n.f., toll-table; tariff; paper, writing; placard, bill; visitor’s book. De vieilles —s; old writings.

pancrace, n.m., (antiq.) pancratium. Docteur —; champion disputant.

pancréas (-âs), n.m., (anat.) pancreas; sweet-bread.

pancréatique, adj., (anat.) pancreatic.

pandanées, n.f.pl., (bot.) pandanaceæ.

pandectes, n.f.pl., (Roman jur.) pandects.

pandémonium (-ni-om), n.m., (—s) pandemonium.

pandiculation, n.f., (med.) pandiculation.

pandit, n.m., (—s) Pandit, Pundit.

pandore, n.f., Pandora. La boîte de —; (fig.) (prov.) the source of many evils.

pandour, n.m., pandour (Hungarian soldier); marauder; coarse, brutal man.

pané, -e, part., (cook.) covered with bread crumbs. De l’eau —e; toast and water.

panégyrique, n.m., panegyric.

panégyriste, n.m., panegyrist.

paner, v.a., (cook.) to crumb, to cover with bread crumbs.

panerée (pa-n-rée), n.f., basketful, hamperful.

paneterie (pa-n-trî), n.f., pantry; bread-room.

panetier (pa-n-tié), n.m., pantler, store-keeper.

panetière (pa-n-tièr), n.f., bag or satchel; pouch; scrip.

pangolin, n.m., (mam.) pangolin, short-tailed manis, ant-eater.

panic, n.m., (bot.) panic, panic-grass.

panicule, n.f., (bot.) panicle.

paniculé, -e, adj., paniculate, panicled.

panier, n.m., basket, hamper, pannier; punnet, pottle; crate, creel; scuttle; beehive made of straw, etc.; hoop-petticoat. — d’osier; wicker-basket. — à claire-voie; open-worked basket. — à salade; basket, chaise; (pop.) prison van. — roulant; go-cart. — au papier; waste-paper basket. — à ouvrage; work-basket. — percé; spendthrift. Adieu —s, vendanges sont faites; you come too late, it is all over. Voûte, à anse de —; (arch.) elliptical vault. Le dessus du —; the pick, the best. Le dessous du —; the refuse. Faire danser l’anser du —; to cheat one’s masters, to take the market-penny.

panification, n.f., panification, bread-making.

panifier, v.a., to make bread.

panique, n.f. and adj., panic, sudden fright.

panis (pa-nis), n.m., (bot.) panic-grass.

panne, n.f., shag, plush; fat; (carp.) purlin; face (of a hammer). Culotte de —; plush breeches. En —; lying to. Être en —; (nav.) to lie to. Mettre en —; (nav.) to bring to, to heave to. Se tenir en —; (nav.) to lie to. Ce cochon n’a presque point de —; this pig has scarcely any fat. Être dans la —; (pop.) to be hard up, to be in a hole and corner.

panné, adj., (pop.) shabby, seedy, poor, penniless, hard up, needy.

panneau, n.m., square, panel; snare, trap; pannel (of a saddle). — de lambris; wainscot panel; (hort.) glass-frame; (nav.) hatch. — de porte; panel of a door. Donner dans le —; to fall into the snare.

panneauter, v.n., (hunt.) to set snares, to lay trap-nets.

pannelle, n.f., (her.) poplar leaf.

panneton (pa-n-ton), n.m., (locksmith’s work) key-bit; catch (of window fastenings); bread-pan.

pannicule, n.m., (anat.) adipose membrane; cellular tissue.

panonceau, n.m., scutcheon, escutcheon.

panoplie, n.f., panoply; trophy.

panorama, n.m., panorama.

panoramique, adj., panoramic.

pan pan, onomatopœia, rat-tat-tat; bang, slap, flap.

pansage, n.m., dressing, rubbing, grooming (of horses).

panse, n.f., paunch, belly; rumen, cud (of ruminating animals); lugger-boat (in V. Hugo). Grosse —; pot-belly, paunch. Avoir les yeux plus grands que la —; to have eyes bigger than one’s belly. — d’A; oval of an a. Il n’a pas fait une — d’A; he has done nothing at all, he has not done a stroke.

pansé, -e, part., dressed. Il est bien —; he has had a square meal, or his bellyful.

pansement (pans-mān), n.m., dressing (of wounds); rubbing, grooming (of a horse). V. pansage.

panser, v.a., to dress (wounds); to groom (a horse).

pansu, -e, adj., pot-bellied, tun-bellied, big-bellied; bulging.

pantagruélique, adj., Pantagruel; epicurean; insatiable; sumptuous.

pantagruélisme, n.m., epicurism.

pantagruéliste, n.m., epicure.

pantalon, n.m., pantaloons, pair of pantaloons; trousers, pair of trousers; pantaloon (pantomime). — collant; tight trousers. — rouge; (fig.) French soldier.

pantalonnade, n.f., pantaloon’s dance, buffoonery; false demonstration, make-believe, humbug.

pantelant, -e (pan-tlān, -t), adj., panting, heaving; gasping. Chair —e; quivering flesh.

panteler (pan-tlé), v.n., to gasp for breath, to pant.

pantenne (-tè-n), n.f., punnet, draw-net. Vergues en —; (nav.) yards placed obliquely, and sails badly trimmed. Vaisseau en —; ship riding apeak. Mettre en —; to top up.

panthée, adj.f., pantheistic.

panthéisme, n.m., Pantheism.

panthéiste, n.m., pantheist.

panthéistique, adj., pantheistic, pantheistical.

panthéon, n.m., pantheon; (in Paris) Pantheon (where the great dead are buried), the Westminster Abbey of France.

panthère, n.f., (mam.) panther.

pantière (-tièr), n.f., (hunt.) draw-net, shooting-pouch.

pantin, n.m., dancing Jack, puppet; (b.s.) great gesticulator; trimmer, time-server.

pantographe, n.m., pantograph.

pantographie, n.f., pantography.

pantographique, adj., pantographic, pantographical.

pantoiement, n.m., (hawking) pantess.

pantois, -e, adj., ☉panting, out of breath; short-winded, astonished, stupefied, aghast.

pantomètre, n.m., (geom.) pantometer.

pantomime, n.m., pantomime, pantomimist.

pantomime, n.f., dumb-show; pantomime.

pantomime, adj., pantomimic.

pantoufle, n.f., slipper, slipper-shoe. Être en —s; to be in slippers. Soulier en —; slip-shod shoe, shoe down at heel. Raisonner comme une —; to reason like a jackass. Fer à —; panton-shoe, panton.

pantoufler, v.n., to reason like a jackass.

pantouflerie, n.f., stupid conversation; piece of nonsense, piece of absurdity.

pantouflier, n.m., slipper-maker.

paon (pan), n.m., (orni.) peacock; (astron.) Pavo. — sauvage des Pyrénées; ruff, reeve. — bleu; peacock-fish. Queue-de-—; (min.) iridescent sulphate of copper.

paonne (pa-n), n.f., (orni.) pea-hen.

paonneau (pa-nô), n.m., (orni.) pea-chick.

papa, n.m., papa, dad. Bon —; grandpapa.

papal, -e, adj., papal.

papas (pa-pâ), n.m., pope (Greek priest).

papauté, n.f., papacy, popedom, pontificate.

papavéracées, n.f.pl., (bot.) papaveraceæ.

papaye, n.f., (bot.) papaw (fruit).

papayer, n.m., papaw-tree; papaw.

pape, n.m., Pope; (orni.) papa.

papegai (pap-ghè), n.m., (orni.) popinjay.

papelard (pa-plar), n.m., (fam.) hypocrite.

papelard, -e, adj., (fam.) hypocritical. Air, ton, —; sanctified air, tone.

papelardise (pa-plar-dîz), n.f., (fam.) hypocrisy, sanctimoniousness.

papeline, n.f., poplin.

papelonné, adj., (her.) covered with scales.

paperasse (pap-ras), n.f., old paper; waste paper; (b.s.) paper.

paperasser, v.n., to rummage papers; to scribble away.

paperassier, n.m., everlasting scribbler; rummager of old papers.

paperassi-er, -ère, adj., red-tape; formal.

papesse, n.f., papess. La — Jeanne; Pope Jean.

papeterie (pap-trî), n.f., paper-mill; paper-making; paper-trade; paper-manufacture; paper-manufactory; stationery; stationery box or case. Magasin de —; stationer’s shop.

papetier (pap-tié), n.m., paper-maker; stationer.

papier, n.m., paper. — à écrire; writing-paper. — brouillard; scribbling-paper. — à lettres; note-paper. — gris, goudronné; brown paper. Main de —; quire of paper. Cahier de —; paper-book; quarter of a quire. — cassé; outside sheets. — chantonné; wrinkled paper. — serpent, — de soie; silver-paper. — dentelle; lace-paper. — blanc; white paper, blank paper. — collé; sized paper. — non collé; unsized paper. — mécanique; machine-made paper, machine-paper. — peint, — teint; stained-paper. — de verre; glass-paper, sand-paper. — soufflé, — velouté; flock-paper. — coquille; demy paper, post-demy. — Jésus; super-royal paper, long-royal paper. — pelure; foreign paper, foreign post-paper. — ministre; petition-paper. — buvard; blotting-paper. Couteau à —; paper-knife, paper-cutter. — à calquer; tracing-paper. — rayé; striped paper. — du Nil; papyrus. — naturel; fossil-paper. ☉—s-nouvelles; newspapers. —s de bord; (nav.) ship’s papers. Être bien dans les —s de quelqu’un; to be in any one’s good books, good graces. Être mal dans les —s de quelqu’un; to be in any one’s bad books. Rayez cela de vos —s; strike that out of your books. Brouiller, gâter, du —; to waste, to spoil paper. ☉—-journal; (com.) day-book. Payer en —; to pay in bills. — volant; flying-sheet. — timbré; stamped paper. —-monnaie; paper-money.

papilionacé, -e, or *papillonacé, -e, adj., (bot.) papilionaceous.

papillaire, adj., (anat.) papillary.

papille, n.f., (anat.) papilla.

*papillon, n.m., (ent.) butterfly; butterfly (pers.); (nav.) sky-sail. — de nuit; moth. —s noirs; the blues, spleen.

papillonner, v.n., to flutter about; to hover; to trifle, to flirt.

*papillotage, n.m., twinkling (of the eyes); putting in paper, in curl-papers (of the hair); glitter, tinsel; (print.) mackling, slurring.

*papillote, n.f., curl-paper; sweetmeat in paper; chocolate drop; spangle (of gold or silver); (cook.) paper. Côtelette en —; cutlet fried in paper. Fer à —s; curling-irons.

*papilloter, v.a., to put hair in paper.

*papilloter, v.n., to twinkle, to blink; to dazzle, to be gaudy; (print.) to slur.

papisme, n.m., papism, popery.

papiste, n.m.f., papist.

papiste, adj., papistic, papistical; popish.

pappeu-x, -se, adj., (bot.) downy, pappous.

papule, n.f., (med.) papula, pimple.

papyracé, -e, adj., thin and dry like paper; papyraceous.

papyrus, n.m., (bot.) paper-rush; papyrus.

pâque, n.f., Passover.

pâque or pâques, n.m., Easter. Quinzaine de —s; Passion-week and Easter week. Semaine de —s; Easter-week. In the following expressions Pâques is feminine plural: —s fleuries; Palm-Sunday. —s closes; Low-Sunday. Faire ses —; to receive the Sacrament (at Easter).

paquebot (pak-bô), n.m., packet-boat, packet, liner; steamer. — à vapeur; steam-packet. — de poste; mail-packet. Le — d’Angleterre, d’Espagne; the English, the Spanish mail.

pâquerette, n.f., (bot.) daisy, Easter-daisy.

paquet, n.m., bundle, parcel; packet; mail; trick; mass; lump (pers.); (print.) slip. Faire un —; to make up a parcel. Faire ses —s; to pack up one’s traps, to pack up. Hasarder or risquer le —; to chance it; to take the risk. Faire ses —s pour l’autre monde; to set out for the long journey, to kick the bucket. Faire un — sur quelqu’un; to backbite any one. Donner un — à quelqu’un; to play off a trick on any one. Donner à quelqu’un son —; to give the sack to any one; to silence any one. Recevoir son —, recevoir ses —s; to be discharged, to be sent to the right-about, to get the sack. Cette femme est un vrai —; that woman is a regular dowdy.

paqueter, v.a., to bundle, to bind up in parcels, to roll up.

paquetier (pak-tié), n.m., (print.) piecehand.

paquette, n.f., (bot.) ox-eye daisy.

paqueur, n.m., salt-fish packer.

pâquis, n.m., feeding-ground; pasture.

par, prep., by, through, out of, about, into, in, from, for, for the sake of, at, with; during. De — le roi; in the king’s name. Il a fait cela — crainte; he did it from fear, through fear. Il entra — la porte; he entered by the door. Je compris — là; I understood from that. — passe-temps; by way of diversion. Cela se fait — tout pays; that is done in all countries. — où? which way? — ici; this way. — là; that way. — deçà; this side. — delà; that side. — dedans; within. — dehors; without. —-devers; by, with. —-dessus; over, above, over and above. —-dessus les maisons; above the houses. —-dessous; under, underneath. — devant; before, forwards. — derrière; behind, backwards. — le haut, — en haut; towards the top, upwards. — le bas, — en bas; downwards. Prenez-le — le bras; take his arm. — le passé; formerly. —-ci —-là; here and there; off and on. — aventure; by chance. —-devant; (jur.) in the presence of. Il a passé — Paris; he passed through Paris. Se promener — les rues; to walk about the streets. Jeter — la fenêtre; to throw out of the window. Il faut en passer — là; you must put up with it, you must come to that. Elle finit — le persuader; she, at length, persuaded him. Distribuer — chapitres; to divide into chapters. Aller — bandes; to go in companies. Couper — morceaux; to cut in pieces, into pieces. Donner tant — tête; to give so much per head. Une guinée — soldat; a guinea each soldier. — soi-même; by one’s self, unaided, unassisted.

para, n.m., (—s) para, Turkish coin worth about half a penny.

parabase, n.f., (antiq.) parabasis (prologue).

parabole, n.f., (geom.) parabola; parable. Les —s de Salomon; the proverbs of Solomon.

parabolique, adj., parabolic, parabolical.

paraboliquement (-lik-mān), adv., parabolically.

paracentèse, n.f., (surg.) paracentesis, tapping.

☉parachèvement, n.m., ending, finishing; completion, last touch.

☉parachever, v.a., to finish, to end, to complete, to put the finishing touch to.

parachronisme (-kro-), n.m., parachronism.

parachute, n.m., parachute.

paraclet, n.m., (Bibl.) Paraclete, comforter.

parade, n.f., parade; show, boast; state, pageant, pageantry; (fenc.) parade, parrying; (milit.) parade; burlesque scenes; outside shows (at fairs). Chambre de —; state-room. Lit de —; bed of state. Faire — d’une chose; to make a parade, a display, of anything. Faire —; (nav.) to dress a ship with flags. Ne pas être heureux à la —; not to be quick at repartee, to be a bad hand at repartee. À la —; (milit.) on parade. Habit de —; state, court, official dress.

parader, v.n., to parade, to show off; to cruise. Faire — un cheval; to show off the paces of a horse.

paradigme, n.m., (gram.) paradigm.

paradis, n.m., paradise; (thea.) upper gallery, gods. Le — terrestre; earthly paradise. Ce lieu-ci est un vrai —; this place is a heaven on earth. Oiseau de —; bird of paradise. Pomme de —; apple of paradise. Sur ma part du —; as I hope to be saved. Ne pas le porter en —; to suffer for anything.

paradisier, n.m., (orni.) bird of paradise.

paradoxal, -e, adj., paradoxical.

paradoxalement, adv., paradoxically.

paradoxe, n.m., paradox.

☉paradoxe, adj., paradoxical.

paradoxisme, n.m., (rhet.) paradoxy.

parafe or paraphe, n.m., flourish (added to one’s signature); initials and flourish; paraph, sign manual, signature.

parafer or parapher, v.a., to put one’s flourish, dash, or initials to; to sign.

paraffine, n.f., (chem.) paraffine.

parage, n.m., (nav.) latitude, quarter; parts, place; (l.u.) extraction, descent, lineage; pl., seas. De haute —; of high degree. Dans ces —s; in these seas.

paragoge, n.f., (gram.) paragoge.

paragogique, adj., (gram.) paragogic, paragogical.

paragraphe, n.m., paragraph.

☉paraguante (-gooant), n.f., present, tip, largesse, douceur.

paraître (paraissant, paru), v.n., to appear, to make one’s appearance; to be seen, to be visible; to make a show, to make some figure; to seem, to look; to come out, to be published; (nav.) to heave in sight. — en mer; to loom. Commencer à —; to appear, to come in sight. Ces raisons paraissent bonnes; these reasons seem to be plausible. Quand votre ouvrage paraîtra-t-il? when will your work be published? Chercher à —; to endeavour to make an appearance, to cut a figure. Il n’y a rien qui n’y paraisse; that is very evident, very clear. Faire —; to show; to discover, to exhibit. Il paraît; it appears. Il y paraît; there are appearances of it, it is evident. Il n’y paraît pas; one would not have thought it, there are no signs of it. Il n’y paraît plus; there is no trace of it. Vient de —; just out, just published. Sans qu’il y paraisse; without making any show.

paralipse, n.f., (rhet.) paralipsis.

parallactique, adj., (astron.) parallactic.

parallaxe, n.f., (astron.) parallax.

parallèle, adj., (geom.) parallel.

parallèle, n.f., (geom.) parallel; (fort.) parallel.

parallèle, n.m., parallel, comparison, simile; (geog.) parallel, circle of latitude. Mettre en —; to draw a parallel between, to compare.

parallèlement, adv., parallelly, in parallel lines; comparatively.

parallélépipède or parallélipipède, n.m., (geom.) parallelopiped.

parallélisme, n.m., parallelism.

parallélogrammatique, adj., (geom.) parallelogrammic.

parallélogramme, n.m., (geom.) parallelogram. — articulé; (mec.) parallel-joint. — de Watt; (mec.) parallel motion.

parallélographe, n.m., parallel-ruler.

paralogisme, n.m., paralogism.

paralysa-teur, -trice, adj., n.f., paralyzing.

paralyser, v.a., (med.) to paralyze; to render powerless, to paralyze. Se —; to become paralyzed, to paralyze each other.

paralysie, n.f., (med.) paralysis, palsy. Tomber en —; to have a paralytic stroke. Attaque de —; paralytic stroke.

paralytique, n.m.f. and adj., paralytic; paralytical, palsied.

paramètre, n.m., (geom.) parameter.

parangon, n.m., ☉paragon, model; comparison, parallel; (jewelry) flawless stone, paragon. Gros —; (print.) double pica. Petit —; (print.) paragon. Cela est sans —; that is without a parallel, unparalleled. Faire le — d’une chose avec une autre; to compare one thing with another.

parangon, adj. invariable, (jewelry) without defect, perfect, flawless. Diamant —; diamond without a flaw.

parangonnage, n.m., (print.) ranging.

parangonner, v.a., ☉to compare, to make a comparison of; (print.) to adjust, to range.

parant, -e, adj., ornamental, decking, adorning, dressy.

parapet, n.m., parapet, parapet-wall, breast-work.

paraphe, parapher. V. parafe, parafer.

paraphernal, -e, adj., (jur.) paraphernal. Biens paraphernaux; paraphernal property, paraphernalia.

paraphernaux, n.m.pl., (jur.) paraphernalia, wife’s property.

paraphimosis (-zîs), n.m., (surg.) paraphimosis.

paraphrase, n.f., paraphrase; commentary, amplification.

paraphraser, v.a. and n., to paraphrase, to comment, to amplify.

paraphraseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., (b.s.) amplifier, paraphraser.

paraphraste, n.m., paraphrast.

paraplégie, n.f., (med.) paraplegia.

parapluie, n.m., umbrella. Canne (f.) or manche (m.) de —; umbrella-stick.

parasange, n.f., (antiq.) parasang (Persian measure of distance).

parasélène, n.f., (astron.) paraselene.

parasite, n.m., parasite; hanger-on; sycophant.

parasite, adj., parasitic, parasitical; sycophantic; superfluous, redundant. Plante —s; parasitical plants. Insectes —s; parasitic insects. Mots —s; superfluous, redundant words.

parasitisme, n.m., (med.) parasitism.

parasol (-sol), n.m., parasol. Plante en —; umbelliferous plant.

paratitlaire, n.m., (jur.) author of paratitla, summaries.

paratitles, n.m.pl., (jur.) paratitla, paratitles, summaries, abridgments.

paratonnerre, n.m., lightning-conductor; (nav.) marine conductor, conductor.

paravent, n.m., screen, folding-screen. Chinois de —; guy; grotesque figure. Comédie de —; private performances, theatricals.

parbleu! int., zounds! forsooth!

parc, n.m., park; pen (for cattle); sheepfold; bed, breeding-ground (of oysters); (artil.) park; warren (for game); (agri.) sheepwalk; (nav.) locker. — de construction; shipyard. Les murailles d’un —; the walls of a park.

parcage, n.m., folding (of sheep); penning (of cattle).

parcellaire, adj., in or by small portions, in detail. Cadastre —; register of lands divided into small portions.

parcellaire, n.m., register of a survey in detail.

parcelle, n.f., particle, portion; driblet, installment. — du sol; portion of the soil. Payer par —s; to pay by installments.

parceller, v.a., to portion or parcel out.

parce que, conj., because, inasmuch as, forasmuch as; why, wherefore.

parchemin, n.m., parchment, skin. pl., titles of nobility; descent, pedigree. Allonger le —; to lengthen out deeds uselessly. Il est fier de ses —s; he is proud of his pedigree.

parcheminerie (-mi-n-rî), n.f., parchment-making; parchment-factory; parchment-trade.

parcheminier, n.m., parchment-maker.

parcimonie, n.f., parsimony, sparingness.

parcimonieusement, adv., parsimoniously, sparingly.

parcimonieu-x, -se, adj., parsimonious, sparing.

parcourir, v.a., to travel over, to go over, to run over, to perambulate; to scour, to take a survey (of); to look over; to peruse; to turn over the leaves (of a book). Il a parcouru toute l’Asie; he has travelled all over Asia. — la ville; to scour, to look over the town. — un livre; to look through a book. Je l’ai parcouru; I have read it cursorily.

parcours, n.m., line, distance, length, course, journey; road, way; commonage. Faire le — entre; to ply between.

pardessus, n.m., overcoat, greatcoat.

pardon, n.m., pardon, forgiveness; condonation. pl., (c.rel.) indulgences; fair (in Brittany); pilgrimage. Je vous demande —; I beg your pardon. —; excuse me; by your leave.

pardonnable, adj. pardonable, excusable.

pardonné, -e, part., pardoned, forgiven.

pardonner, v.a., to pardon, to forgive, to overlook; to spare, to excuse; to condone; not to grudge. — les offenses; to forgive offenses. — une erreur à quelqu’un; to excuse an error in any one. Pardonnez à ma franchise de vous dire cela; excuse my frankness in telling you that. Pardonnez-moi; pardon me; excuse me.

paréage or pariage, n.m., (feudal law) joint possession.

pareaux, n.m.pl., weights (of a fishing net).

parégorique, n.m. and adj., (med.) paregoric.

*pareil, -le, adj., like, alike, equal; similar, such, like this, like that, like it. Je n’ai rien vu de —; I never saw the like. Sans —; peerless, matchless. C’est un homme sans —; he has not his match, his equal. Comment pouvez-vous me dire chose —le; how can you say or tell me such a thing.

pareil, n.m.f., equal, fellow, match. Il a trouvé son —; he has found his match. Fréquentez vos —s; keep company with your equals.

pareille, n.f., like or similar treatment. Rendre la — à quelqu’un; to serve any one the same, to pay any one back in his own coin, to be even with any one; to return like for like. Avoir le —; to have one like (it), or to have the fellow to (it).

*pareillement, adv., similarly; in the same way, likewise, too.

parélie. V. parhélie.

parelle, n.f., (bot.) parella, patience.

parement (par-mān), n.m., ornament; cuff; facing (of dress); cuff (of sleeves); large stick (of a fagot); (arch.) facing; altar-cloth; curb-stone.

parementer, v.a., (arch.) to face.

parenchymateu-x, -se, adj., parenchymatous.

parenchyme, n.m., (anat., bot.) parenchyma; diploe (of leaves).

parénèse, n.f., parenesis.

parénétique, adj., parenetic.

parent, n.m., -e, n.f., relation, relative; kinsman, kinswoman, kin. pl., parents, father and mother; relatives, relations, connections, kindred. — paternel; relation on the father’s side. — maternel; relation on the mother’s side. Un bon ami vaut mieux qu’un —; a good friend is better than a kinsman. Grands-—; grandfather and grandmother. Proche —; near relative; (jur.) next of kin.

☉parentage, n.m. V. parenté.

parenté, n.f., relationship, consanguinity, kindred; relations, relatives, kinsfolk, connections, family.

parentèle, n.f., (fam.). V. parenté.

parenthèse, n.f., parenthesis, digression. Par —; by way of parenthesis, by-the-bye, by-the-way. Entre —s; in parenthesis. Avoir les jambes en —; (fam.) to be bandy-legged.

parer, v.a., to adorn, to set off (against), to set out, to deck, to embellish; to attire; to trim; to shelter; to guard (against); to provide (against); to parry, to ward off; (nav.) to clear; to pare (horses’ hoofs). — un coup; to ward off a blow. — du cuir; to dress leather. — du cidre; to make cider ferment. — un agneau; to dress a lamb. — un cap; (nav.) to clear a cape. — un câble; to clear a cable. — une ancre; to clear an anchor. — un enfant; to dress out a child. Il est assez paré de sa bonne mine; his good looks set him off sufficiently. — sa marchandise; to set off one’s goods.

se parer, v.r., to adorn one’s self; to dress; to dress one’s self out; to screen, to guard one’s self; to assume; to make a show, to boast. Elle se pare d’une manière ridicule; she decks herself out in a ridiculous manner.

parer, v.n., (fence.) to parry; to screen, to defend; to guard (against). — et porter en même temps; to parry and thrust at the same time. On ne peut pas — à tout; one can’t guard against everything.

parère, n.m., (com.) opinion (of merchants on matters of commerce); (of insurance) report.

parésie, n.f., (med.) slight palsy.

paresse, n.f., idleness, sloth, laziness, indolence; weakness. — d’esprit; sluggishness of intellect, indolence of mind.

paresser, v.n., to idle, to fritter away one’s time, to be idle.

paresseusement (-eûz-mān), adv., lazily, idly, slothfully.

paresseu-x, -se, n. and adj., sluggard, idle, lazy person; lazy, idle, slothful, sluggish, indolent; (of the stomach) weak; (of the bowels) sluggish.

paresseux, n.m., (mam.) sloth.

pareur, n.m., (tech.) finisher.

parfaire, v.a., to perfect, to complete, to make up, to finish thoroughly.

parfait, -e, adj., perfect, finished; accomplished, complete, full. Accord —; (mus.) perfect chord. Cela est fait et —; that is completely finished.

parfait, n.m., perfection; (gram.) perfect. Plusque-—; pluperfect. Au —; (gram.) in the perfect.

parfaitement (-fèt-mān), adv., perfectly, completely, exactly, just so, to be sure; decidedly.

parfilage, n.m., unraveling, threading.

parfiler, v.a. and n., to unravel; to pick out the threads of; to thread.

parfois, adv., sometimes, occasionally, now and then.

parfond, n.m., ground-net; ground-tackle.

parfondre, v.a., to fuse (enamel).

se parfondre, v.r., to be fused.

parfournir, v.a., to render complete, to make up.

parfum (-fun), n.m., perfume, odor, scent, fragrance, flavor; bouquet (of wines). Le — des fleurs; the fragrance of flowers.

parfumé, -e, adj., scented, savory, flavored.

parfumer, v.a., to perfume, to sweeten, to scent; to fumigate.

se parfumer, v.r., to use perfumes, to scent one’s self.

parfumerie (-fu-mrî), n.f., perfumery.

parfumeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., perfumer.

parfumoir, n.m., perfuming-pan; fumigator.

parhélie or parélie, n.m., parhelion, mock-sun.

pari, n.m., bet, wager, stake. Faire un —; to lay a bet. Tenir le —; to take the bet.

paria, n.m., pariah, outcast.

pariade, n.f., pairing-time (of partridges).

parier, v.a., to bet, to lay a wager, to stake; to undertake to say, to be almost certain. Il y a à —; the odds are. C’est à — dix contre un; it is ten to one. — pour quelqu’un; to back any one. J’en parierais ma tête; I would bet anything, stake my head (upon it).

pariétaire, n.f., (bot.) parietary.

pariétal, adj.m., (anat.) parietal.

pariétal, n.m., (anat.) parietal-bone.

parieur, n.m., wagerer, bettor, betting-man.

paris, n.m., Paris (fig.). Monsieur de —; Jack Ketch. Premier —; leading article. Prendre — pour Corbeil, le Pirée pour un homme; not to know a hawk from a handsaw.

parisette, n.f., (bot.) paris, true-love.

parisien, -ne, n. and adj., Parisian.

parisienne, n.f., (print.) pearl; Parisienne (patriotic song).

☉parisis (-zîs), adj., of Paris (of coin).

parisyllabique (-sil-la-bik), adj., (gram.) parisyllabic.

parité, n.f., parity, likeness, equality; comparison, parallel case.

parjure, n.m.f. and adj., perjurer; perjured, forsworn.

parjure, n.m., perjury, false oath.

se parjurer, v.r., to perjure, or to forswear, one’s self; to be forsworn.

parlage, n.m., empty talk, prattle, twaddle.

parlant, -e, adj., speaking; talkative, chatty; (her.) allusive, canting. Ce portrait est —; that is a speaking likeness. Cet homme est peu —; that man is not talkative, is very reticent.

parlement, n.m., parliament; court. Contraire aux usages du —; unparliamentary.

parlementaire, n.m. and adj., bearer of a flag of truce; parliamentarian; parliamentary. Un vaisseau —; a cartel-ship.

parlementer, v.n., to parley, to come to a parley, to come to terms.

parler, v.n., to speak, to talk, to commune, to discourse, to converse, to talk about, to mention, to say, to tell. Façon de —; mode of speaking, manner of speech. — à l’oreille; to whisper. — en public; to speak in public. — trop; to speak too much. Sans — de; without mentioning, to say nothing of. Il parle mal de vous; he speaks ill of you. Faire — de soi; to get one’s self talked about. — à un sourd; to speak to a post. Cela ne vaut pas la peine d’en —; it is not worth mentioning. Cela parle tout seul; the thing speaks for itself. Il en parle bien à son aise; it is easy for him to say so. Je lui apprendrai à —; I will teach him to govern his tongue. Il trouvera à qui —; he will find his match. — en l’air; to talk at random. — à cheval à quelqu’un; to speak imperiously to any one, to dictate to any one. — de la pluie et du beau temps; to talk of indifferent matters. — d’abondance; to speak on the spur of the moment, extempore. Il a bien fait — de lui; he has got himself much talked about. — en maître; to speak peremptorily. Trop gratter cuit, trop — nuit; least said, soonest mended; speech is silvern, silence is golden. Sans — de; without mentioning, to say nothing of.

parler, v.a., to speak (a language). — français; to speak French. Il parle bien sa langue; he speaks his language well. Parlez-moi de cela! now that’s something like! Ne m’en parlez pas, par exemple! I can vouch for the truth of it! Moi qui vous parle; I, my very own self.

se parler, v.r., to speak to each other; to be spoken (of languages). Elles se parlent des yeux; they speak to each other with their eyes.

parler, n.m., speech, utterance, way or manner of speaking; language, accent. Avoir son franc —; to be outspoken; not to mince matters; to speak one’s mind. Jamais beau — n’écorche la langue; fair words are always the best; civility costs nothing.

parlerie, n.f., prating, chatter, talkativeness.

parleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., speech-maker, talker. Un beau —; a good speaker.

parli-er, -ère, adj., (l.u.) talkative.

parloir, n.m., parlor.

parlote, n.f., resort of gossips; gossiping club; debating-society.

parloter, v.n., to chatter, to talk twaddle; to gossip; to practice speaking.

parmentière (-tièr), n.f., (bot.) potato.

parmesan, n.m., Parmesan cheese.

parmi, prep., among, amongst, amid, amidst.

parnasse, n.m., Parnassus. Le — français; French poetry, the French poets.

parnassien, -ne (-in, -è-n), adj., Parnassian.

parnassien, n.m., (jest.) son of Parnassus, poet.

parodie, n.f., parody.

parodier, v.a., to parody.

parodiste, n.m., author of a parody.

paroi, n.f., wall, partition; side, casing, outer side; (anat.) coat, wall. Les —s d’un vase; the inner sides of a vase. Les —s de l’estomac; the coating, the wall of the stomach. La — d’un rocher; the outer side of a rock.

paroisse, n.f., parish, parish-church; parishioners. Être de deux —s; not to be fellows (of things).

paroissial, -e, adj., parochial, parish.

paroissien (-in), n.m., -ne (-è-n), n.f., parishioner.

paroissien, n.m., church-service; prayer-book. C’est un pauvre —; he is a poor sort of a fellow.

parole, n.f., word; speech, language; saying, sentiment; utterance, voice; eloquence; promise; trust; (milit.) parole. Il traîne ses —s; he drawls his words. Il a perdu la —; he has lost the use of his tongue. Porter la —; to speak, to be the spokesman. Adresser la — à quelqu’un; to address any one. Prendre la —; to begin to speak, to address the house, to be speaking; to have one’s turn to speak (in Parliament). Avoir la —; to be allowed to speak; to be upon one’s legs, to be in possession of the House; to catch the speaker’s eye (in Parliament). Demander la —; to request permission to speak; (parliamentary) to rise to order. Céder la —; to decline speaking, to give up one’s turn to speak. Couper la — à quelqu’un; to interrupt any one speaking. —s mémorables; notable sayings. Il a la — lente; his utterance is slow or he is slow of utterance. Il a la — tremblante; his voice falters. La puissance de la —; the might of eloquence. Engager sa —; to promise, to pledge one’s word. Tenir —, sa —; to keep one’s word, to be as good as one’s word. Donner sa —; to give one’s word. Dégager sa —; to recall one’s word. Se dédire de sa —, manquer de —, or manquer à sa —; to go from, to break, one’s word. Il est prisonnier sur —; he is a prisoner on parole. Il est homme de —; he is a man of his word. — d’honneur; word of honor. Ils ont eu des —s; words passed between them. Se prendre de —s; to have words. Un homme d’honneur n’a que sa —; an honest man’s word is as good as his bond.

paroli, n.m., double stake (at faro, &c.). Faire —; to double. Rendre le — à quelqu’un; to outdo any one.

paronomase, n.f., paronomasia.

paronomasie, n.f., resemblance between words of different languages.

paronychie, n.f., (med.) paronychia, whitlow.

paronyme, n.m. and adj., (gram.) paronym; paronymous.

paronyque, n.f., (bot.) whitlowwort.

parotide, n.f. and adj., (anat.) parotid, parotid gland or artery; (med.) parotitis, mumps; parotid.

parotidien, -ne (-in, -è-n), adj., (anat.) parotid.

parotidite, n.f., (med.) parotitis, mumps; (vet.) vives.

paroxysme, n.m., (med.) paroxysm, fit; (fig.) height, acme.

parpaing (-pin), n.m., (mas.) perpend-stone.

parque, n.f., (myth.) Fate, fatal sister. pl., Fates.

parquer, v.a., to fold, to pen, to pen up, to inclose; to surround; (artil.) to park. — des bœufs; to pen cattle. — des moutons; to fold sheep.

se parquer, v.r., to be placed in an inclosure; (artil.) to be parked; to be pent up.

parquer, v.n., to be penned, to be penned up (of cattle); (artil.) to be parked.

parquet, n.m., bar (of a court of justice); office of the public prosecutor; body of magistrates; wood flooring (of rooms); back (of a looking-glass); (nav.) locker. — à boulets; (nav.) shot-locker.

parquetage, n.m., flooring; inlaid-flooring.

parqueter, v.a., to floor, to inlay.

parqueterie (-kè-tri), n.f., parquetry, inlaid flooring.

parqueteur, n.m., floor-layer.

parrain, n.m., godfather, sponsor; introducer; ☉second (in a duel).

parricide, n.m. and adj., parricide; matricide; parricidal; matricidal; murderous.

parse or parsi, n.m. and adj., Parsee.

parsemer, v.a., to strew, to spread, to sprinkle; to intersperse, to stud, to dot, to spangle. — un chemin de fleurs; to strew a path with flowers. Le ciel est parsemé d’étoiles; the sky is studded with stars.

part, n.f., share, part, portion; concern, interest; part, side, concern. Voilà votre —, voici la mienne; there is your share, here is mine. Être de — avec quelqu’un; to go shares with any one. Faire la — à quelqu’un; to give any one his share. Faire la — du feu; to circumscribe the fire; (fig.) to allow for necessary losses. Entrer en — avec quelqu’un; to go shares with any one. Mettre de —; to give a share (in a business); to take in as partner. Avoir — à quelque affaire; to have a share in any business. Avoir — au gâteau; to share in the profits of anything, to have a finger in the pie. Prendre — à; to participate in, to be a party to. Faire part de quelque chose à quelqu’un; to give any one a share of anything; to apprise any one of anything. Billets de faire —; circular letters to announce a birth, a death, &c. Faire la — des accidents; to make allowance for accidents. Prendre en bonne —; to take in a good sense. Prendre en mauvaise —; to take amiss. Je le sais de bonne —; I have it from a good source; I know it on good authority. Dites-lui de ma —; tell him from me. Saluez-le de ma —; remember me to him. Je prends cela de la — d’où il vient; I take it from whence it comes. Je vais quelque —; I am going somewhere. On ne le trouve nulle —; he is not to be found anywhere. Autre —; somewhere else. Nulle —; nowhere. En quelque — que; wherever. D’une — il considérait que; on one side he considered that. De — et d’autre, de toutes —s; on either side, on all sides. De — en —; through and through. À —; apart, aside. Mettre à —; to set apart. Il le tira à —; he took him aside. C’est un fait à —; that is a particular case. Raillerie à —; in good earnest, joking aside.

part (part), n.m., (jur.) parturition, delivery; child, infant, birth.

partage, n.m., share, lot, portion; apportionment; partition; sharing, distribution, division. — égal; equal division. Faire le — du butin; to divide the spoils. La prudence est le — des vieillards; prudence is proper to old age. Faire le — de; to divide. Être le — de; to be the lot of. Tomber, or échoir, en — à; to fall to the lot of.

partageable (-jabl), adj., divisible into shares.

partageant (-jān), n.m., (jur.) sharer.

partager, v.a., to share; to give a share; to divide, to parcel, to portion, to distribute; to partake of, to participate in, to take part in. Partagez cela entre vous; divide that between you. — le butin; to share the spoils. Les avis se trouvent partagés; the votes are divided. Il faut — le différend; we must split the difference. Je partage votre joie; I participate in, or share, or am a sharer in, your joy.

se partager, v.r., to divide, to be divided, to part; to divide one’s time or affection, etc., between.

partager, v.n., to share, to receive a share. Il est bien partagé; the fates have been kind to him, or his bread is well buttered.

partance, n.f., (nav.) sailing, departure. Coup de —; signal for sailing; sailing-gun. En —; on the point of sailing, or about to sail.

partant, adv., consequently, hence; therefore, and therefore, thus.

partenaire, n.m.f., partner (at cards or dancing).

parterre, n.m., flower-bed, garden-plot; (thea.) pit; audience, public. Réjouir le —; to please the audience. Aller au —; to go into the pit.

parthe, n. and adj., parthian.

parthénogénèse, n.f., (ent.) parthenogenesis.

parthénon, n.m., Parthenon.

parti, n.m., party, side, part, cause; resolution, choice, ways, means, expedient, course, method; offer, condition; use, advantage; calling, profession; (milit.) detachment; match (marriage). Chef de —; leader of a party. Entrer dans un —; to join a party. Être du bon —; to be on the right side. Être du — de; to be on the side of. Prendre le — de quelqu’un; to take any one’s part, to side with any one. Homme de —; party man. Esprit de —; party spirit. Il a pris son —; he has made up his mind. J’ai pris le — de me taire; I chose to be silent. C’est un — pris; it is a foregone conclusion, a fixed determination. À — pris, point de conseil; when a man’s mind is made up, advice is useless. Voilà le — qu’il nous faut prendre; this is what we must do or the course we must take. C’est le — le plus court; that is the shortest way. C’est un bon —; it is a very good offer. Faire un mauvais — a quelqu’un; to do harm to any one. Il cherche à tirer — de tout; he endeavors to turn everything to account. Il a épousé un bon —; he has made a good match. Tirer le meilleur — de quelque chose; to make the best of anything. En prendre son —; to resign one’s self to anything (to the inevitable). De — pris; deliberately. Tirer — de; to make the best of; to turn to account. C’est un — pris chez lui; he will do it.

partiaire (-ci-èr), adj., (jur.) farmer who gives a portion of the produce of the land for rent.

partial, -e (-ci-al), adj., partial, biased.

partialement (-cial-mān), adv., partially, with partiality.

se partialiser (-cia-li-), v.r., to be partial or biased.

partialité (-cia-li-), n.f., partiality, bias.

in partibus, adv., in partibus. Un évêque in —; a bishop in partibus.

participant, -e, adj., participating.

participant, n.m., -e, n.f., participant, sharer.

participation, n.f., participation, privity, share; knowledge. La — aux droits; the participation of rights. Cela s’est fait sans ma —; that was done without my knowledge.

participe, n.m., (gram.) participle.

participer, v.n., to partake (of), to participate, to share, to have a share in, to be a party to. Je participe à votre douleur; I take part in or share your sorrow. Le mulet participe du cheval et de l’âne; the mule partakes of both the horse and the ass.

particulariser, v.a., to particularize.

particularisme, n.m., (rel. pol.) particularism.

particulariste, n.m., (pol.) particularist.

particularité, n.f., particular, particularity; peculiarity, circumstance.

particule, n.f., particle.

particuli-er, -ère, adj., particular, peculiar, private; circumstantial, singular, appropriate, special; specific; express. L’intérêt — doit céder à l’intérêt général; private interest must give way to public interest. On lui a donné une chambre —ère; they gave him a private room. Le cas est fort —; the case is altogether singular. Il a un talent —; he has a peculiar talent.

particulier, n.m., particular individual, private individual, civilian; (pop.) fellow. Ce n’est qu’un simple —; he is only a private individual. Que nous veut ce —? what does that fellow want with us? En —; in particular, in private. Être en son —; to be in one’s own room. Il faut le voir en —; you must see him privately. En mon —; as for me.

particulièrement (-lièr-mān), adv., particularly, peculiarly, especially.

partie (-tî), n.f., part, match, game; project, plan, scheme; line of business; client, adversary; (com.) parcel; ☉(bookkeeping) entry; (play) game; party; contracting party. pl., pudenda. Air à quatre —s; tune in four parts. Tenir bien sa —; to act one’s part well. Vous en êtes en — cause; you are partly the cause of it. Faire une — de piquet; to play a game at piquet. — nulle; drawn game. — liée; rubber, (racing) heats. — d’honneur; conqueror. — de plaisir; pleasure trip. — publique; public prosecutor, crown. C’est — remise; the pleasure is only deferred. Un coup de —; masterly stroke, decisive blow. La — n’est pas égale; it is not an equal match. Quitter la —; to give up, to throw up the game. Voulez-vous être de la —? will you be one of us? Lier une —; to make up or fix up a party (for amusement). — carrée; pleasure party consisting of two gentlemen and two ladies. — fine; select party or few friends. — intéressée; party concerned. Avoir affaire à forte —; to have to deal with more than one’s match. Qui n’entend qu’une — n’entend rien; he who hears one side only, hears nothing. — double; (bookkeeping) double entry. — simple; (bookkeeping) single entry. En —; partly, in part. En grand —; in a great measure. — bien, — mal; partly well, partly ill. Prendre à —; to take to task. Se porter — contre; (jur.) to appear against.

partiel, -le (-ci-èl), adj., partial.

partiellement (-cièl-mān), adv., partially, by instalments; in part.

partir (partant, parti), v.n., to set out, to start, to go, to go away, to depart; to be off, to spring (of birds); to come, to proceed; to flow from; to go off (of firearms). — du port; to sail from the harbor. Faire —; to send off, to dispatch (troops). Il part comme l’éclair; he is off like lightning. Faire — un lièvre; to start a hare. — d’un éclat de rire; to burst into a fit of laughter. — comme un trait; to dart off like an arrow. La bombe part du mortier; the bomb is shot from the mortar. Cela part d’un bon cœur; that flows from a good heart. À — de; from, beginning from, reckoning from. A — du règne de; from the reign of. À — d’aujourd’hui; from this day forward; from to-day.

partir, v.a., to part, to divide. [Only used in: Ils ont toujours maille à —; they are always squabbling.] Avoir maille à — avec; to have a bone to pick with.

partir, n.m., (man.) start; going, leaving.

partisan, n.m., partisan.

partiti-f, -ve, adj., (gram.) partitive.

partition, n.f., partition, division; (mus.) score.

partner, n.m.f., (—s). V. partenaire.

partout, adv., everywhere, all over, on all sides. — où; wherever.

parturition, n.f., (med.) parturition.

paru, -e, adj., appeared, published, out.

parure, n.f., attire, dress, finery, ornament. — de diamants; set of diamonds. Meubles de même —; furniture that matches.

parvenir, v.n., to attain, to arrive, to come, to get (at), to reach, to succeed, to rise, to get on, to make one’s way; to reach the ears of. — à ses fins; to attain one’s ends. Faire —; to forward, to send to any one.

parvenu, -e, part., arrived, reached.

parvenu, n.m., parvenu, upstart.

parvis, n.m., parvis, open space (in front of a church); outer sanctuary, cathedral court; (poet.) inclosure, hall, temple.

pas, n.m., step, pace; footstep, stride, walk, gait; progress, precedence; pains, trouble, labor; threshold, passage; passage (of arms). Marcher d’un — léger; to walk with a light step. Il le suit — à —; he follows him step by step. À petits —; slowly; with short steps. Il n’y a qu’un —; it is but a step from here. Il marche à grands —; he takes long strides. Marcher à — comptés; to walk very slowly. Faire un — en arrière; to draw back a little. Aller, marcher, à — de loup; to go softly, stealthily, without noise. Retourner sur ses —; to go back, to retrace one’s steps. Aller à — mesurés; to proceed with circumspection. Au —; walking, at a walking pace; in time. Faire un faux —; to make a false step. — de clerc; blunder. Avoir le —; to have precedence (of). De ce —; directly, at once. Mettre un cheval au —; to walk a horse, to rein in a horse (to a foot pace). Mettre au —; to discipline; to bring any one into line; to recall any one to his duty, to put any one on his good behavior. — accéléré; (milit.) quick time, quick march. — redoublé; (milit.) double quick time. Marcher sur les — de quelqu’un; to tread in any one’s footsteps. Se tirer d’un mauvais —; to get out of a scrape. Sauter le —; to take a resolution; (fam.) to kick the bucket. — d’une vis; furrow of a screw. — de fusée; (horl.) turn of a fusee. Aller au —; to walk (of a horse). Y aller de ce —; to go (anywhere) directly, at once. Ce n’est que le premier — qui coûte; in everything the beginning is the difficulty.

pas, adv., no; not, not any. — un; not one. Je ne veux —; I will not. — du tout; not at all. Presque —; scarcely any. Je n’ai — de livre; I have no book.

pascal, -e, adj., paschal.

pas-d’âne, n.m., (—) sharp bridle-bit; basket-hilt (of a sword); (bot.) colt’s-foot.

pasigraphie, n.f., pasigraphy.

pasquin, n.m., pasquin.

pasquinade, n.f., pasquinade, lampoon.

☉pasquiniser, v.a., to lampoon, to satirize.

passable, adj., passable, tolerable, middling, decent.

passablement, adv., passably, tolerably, indifferently, middlingly.

passade, n.f., passing, short stay; (fig.) passing fancy, temporary connection; (man.) passade, ducking. Je ne suis que de — à Paris; I am only making a short stay in Paris.

passage, n.m., passage; arcade; thoroughfare, crossing; transition, transit; passage-money; toll; lane, court; gateway, archway. Oiseaux de —; birds of passage. — à niveau (railways); level crossing. Otez-vous du —; stand out of the way. Se faire — or s’ouvrir un —; to make, to cut, one’s way through. Attendre, or guetter, au —; to lie in wait for, to waylay, to wait for any one on his way. Barrer le —; to bar, to stand in the way. Céder le — à; to let pass first. Livrer — à; to make way for.

passager, v.a. and n., (man.) to passage. — un cheval; to passage a horse.

passag-er, -ère, adj., passing, transient, transitory, fugitive, fleeting, short-lived, momentary; migratory.

passag-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., passenger; person passing through; traveler; passer-by.

passagèrement (-jèr-mān), adv., transiently, for a moment.

passant, n.m., passenger, passer-by; wayfarer, traveler.

passant, -e, adj., open, much frequented; (of colors) fading. Un chemin —; a much frequented thoroughfare. Une rue —e; a much frequented street. En —; going along; on the way; (fig.) by the way. Disons le en —; let us say so by the way.

passation, n.f., (jur.) drawing up a title-deed, a contract, passing (of contracts).

passavant, n.m., pass, permit (of the custom-house); (nav.) gangway.

passe, n.f., pass, situation, state, case; (print.) overplus; (fenc.) pass, passado, thrust; port (at billiards); channel, passage (of harbors, of rivers); odd money; stake (at play); (geog.) track. Être en — d’avoir quelque emploi; to be in a fair way to procure employment. Il est en fort belle —; he has a very fine prospect before him.

passe, adv., let it be so. — encore pour cela; well, well, let that be too; well and good.

passé, -e, part., past, gone, over; dead, vanished; faded, worn, out of use; withered. Il a trente ans —s; he is over thirty. La pluie est —e; the rain is over.

passé, n.m., past, past life, time past, things past; (gram.) past tense.

passé, prep., except; after.

passe-campane, n.f., (—) (vet.) capellet.

passe-carreau, n.m., (—-—x) sleeve-board.

passe-cheval, n.m., horse ferry-boat.

passe-debout, n.m., (—) permit for transit.

passe-dix, n.m., (—) passage (play).

passe-droit, n.m., (—-—s) favor; injustice, wrong.

passée, n.f., (hunt.) flight, passage (of woodcocks). Tuer des bécasses à la —; to shoot woodcocks as they fly by.

passe-fleur, n.f., (—-—s) (bot.) a species of anemone.

passéger, v.n. V. passager.

passe-lacet, n.m., (—-—s) bodkin.

passement (pâs-mān), n.m., lace (of gold, silk, etc., for clothes or furniture).

passementer (pâs-man-té), v.a., to lace (clothes, furniture).

passementerie (pâs-man-trî), n.f., lace, lace-making, lace-trade.

passementi-er (-tié), n.m., -ère (-tièr), n.f., lace-maker, lace-man, lace-woman.

*passe-méteil, n.m., meslin (mixture of wheat and rye).

passe-parole, n.m., (—) (milit.) pass-parole.

passe-partout, n.m., (—) master-key, pass-key, latch-key; (engr.) passe-partout; (print.) factotum; compass-saw. L’argent est un bon —; money opens most doors.

passe-passe, n.m., (—) sleight of hand. Tour de —; legerdemain; hocus-pocus.

passe-pied, n.m., (—-—s) passe-pied (dance).

passe-pierre, n.f., (—, or —-—s), samphire, sea-samphire.

passepoil, n.m., piping (for clothes).

passe-pomme, n.f., jenneting.

passeport, n.m., passport; pass; (fig.) recommendation.

passer, v.n., to pass, to pass on, to pass along, to pass away; to die, to expire; to pass for, to be considered; to pass muster; to fade (of flowers). Cette fleur est passée; that flower is faded. — en sautant; to skip over. — par; to pass through. Laisser —; to overlook. Il a passé par la ville; he passed through the town. Passez par ici; come this way. — outre; to go beyond; (fig.) to move the previous question. Il a passé par de rudes épreuves; he has gone through severe trials. Mes beaux jours sont passés; my best days are over. La fantaisie m’en est passée; I have no desire for it now. Faire —; to let in, to admit; to pass on, to pass off; to hand round, to forward; to infuse, to instill; to while away (of time). Faire — un mal; to cure an illness. Il passera un jour par mes mains; some day or other he will fall into my hands. Cela est passé en proverbe; that has become a proverb. Il faut en — par là; we must submit, there is no way out of it; it must be borne, or endured. Il faut y —; we must go through it. Il ne lui passe rien; he forgives him nothing. — chez; to call on. Je passerai chez vous demain; I will call on you to-morrow. Cela m’a passé de l’esprit; that has slipped my memory. Il a été passé par les armes; he was shot. — pour; to pass for, to be considered or thought. On ne passe pas; no thoroughfare. J’en passe: ... et des meilleures; I pass over some of the most valid reasons; I omit some, and they are not to be despised. Passons au déluge; granted; let’s come to the point, if you don’t mind. Passons! I will not insist.

passer, v.a., to pass, to cross, to go over; to ferry across; to slip, to exceed, to surpass; to utter (base coin); to strain (liquids); to run (tape); to put on (wearing apparel); to dress (skins, stuffs); to omit, to leave out; to allow, to grant, to pardon, to waive. — la rivière; to cross the river. — la rivière à la nage; to swim across the river. Passez votre chemin; go your way. — son habit; to put on one’s coat. Je n’y entends rien, cela me passe; I can’t make it out, it is beyond my comprehension; that beats me. — son temps à se divertir; to spend one’s time in amusement. — son envie d’une chose; to gratify one’s desire for a thing. — sous silence; to take no notice of. Passez cet endroit; pass over that place. Passez moi cet article; pass me that article. — condamnation sur soi-même; to pass sentence on one’s self. — une obligation; to enter into a bond. — un soldat par les baguettes; to make a soldier run the gauntlet. — tout le monde au fil de l’épée; to put everybody to the sword. Voulez-vous me — cela? will you hand, pass, me that?

se passer, v.r., to pass, to pass away; to fade; to decay, to fall off; to happen; to be satisfied; to forbear, to do without, to dispense with, to make shift. L’occasion se passe; the opportunity is slipping away. Je dois l’avertir de tout ce qui se passe; I must inform him of everything that happens. Il se passe de peu; he is satisfied with little. Il ne saurait se — de vin; he cannot do without, or dispense with, wine.

passerage, n.f., (bot.) pepperwort.

passereau (pâ-srô), n.m., (orni.) sparrow.

passerelle (pâ-srèl), n.f., foot-bridge; (nav.) gangway.

passerine (pâ-sri-n), n.f., (bot.) sparrowwort.

passerinette (pâ-sri-nèt), n.f., (orni.) redwing.

passe-rose, n.f., (—-—s) (bot.) hollyhock.

passe-temps, n.m., (—) pastime.

passeur, n.m., ferry-man.

passe-velours, n.m., (—) (bot.) coxcomb, flower-gentle.

passe-vin (pâs-vin), n.m., (—) wine-strainer.

☉passe-volant, n.m., (—-—s) interloper, intruder; (milit.) fagot.

passibilité, n.f., passibility.

passible, adj., passible; liable (to); punishable (by).

passi-f, -ve, adj., passive. Dette —ve; debt.

passif, n.m., (gram.) passive; (com.) liabilities, debts.

passiflore, n.f., (bot.) granadilla, passion-flower.

passion, n.f., passion; love; fondness; prejudice; passing bell; Passion sermon. Commander à ses —s; to curb one’s passions. Déclarer sa —; to declare one’s love. Il a la — des médailles; he thinks of nothing but medals. De —, avec —; passionately.

passionné, -e, adj., passionate, impassioned, passionately fond of, doting on. Amant —; passionate lover. Il est — pour la gloire; he thinks of nothing but glory.

passionnément, adv., passionately, fondly.

passionner, v.a., to impassion, to interest deeply.

se passionner, v.r., to be impassioned, to become enamored, to have a strong desire for; to take a deep interest in. Vous vous passionnez trop; you are too ardent or impetuous.

passivement (-siv-mān), adj., passively.

passiveté or passivité, n.f., passiveness.

passoire, n.f., colander, strainer.

pastel, n.m., pastel; crayon; (bot.) woad, dyer’s woad.

pastenade, n.f., (bot.) parsnip.

pastèque, n.f., water-melon.

pasteur, n.m., pastor, minister; clergyman; shepherd.

pastiche, n.m., (paint.) pasticcio; imitation (of an author); (mus.) medley.

*pastille, n.f., lozenge.

pastisson, n.m. V. pâtisson.

pastoral, -e, adj., pastoral.

pastorale, n.f., pastoral.

pastoralement (-ral-mān), adv., pastorally.

pastoureau, n.m., little shepherd boy.

pastourelle, n.f., shepherd girl; (dance) pastourelle.

pat (pat), n.m., stalemate (at chess).

patache, n.f., (nav.) patache; coach, public conveyance; rickety old coach.

patagon, n.m., patacoon (Spanish coin).

pataquès (-kèss), n.m., (fam.) fault which consists in sounding a t for an s, and an s for a t; dreadful slip.

patarafe, n.f., scrawl; flourish, dash.

patard, n.m., farthing, doit.

patarin, n.m. V. albigeois and vaudois.

patate, n.f., (bot.) sweet potato; potato; “tater.”

patati, patata, int., tut, tut! pooh! pooh!

patatras! int., crack! thump! slap! bang!

pataud, n.m., pup with large paws; (fig.) lout, clumsy fellow. Être à nage —; to be in clover.

pataud, -e, adj., (pers.) ill made, clumsy, awkward.

patauger, v.n., to splash, to flounder about; to become entangled, embarrassed; to make a mess of.

patchouli, n.m., patchouli.

pate, n.f. V. patte.

pâte, n.f., paste, dough; constitution, temper; kind, sort; (print.) pie, pi. — brisée; short paste. — feuilletée; puff paste. — croquante; crisp paste. Mettre la main à la —; to do a thing one’s self; to set to work one’s self; to lend a helping hand. C’est une bonne — d’homme; he is a good-natured fellow. Une bonne — de femme; a good-natured woman.

pâté, n.m., pie, pasty; blot (of ink); block (of buildings); (print.) pie, pi. Un — de venaison; a venison pasty. Faire le —; to pack the cards (at play). Un gros —; a plump chub-faced child. Faire un —; to make a blot. Petit —; patty.

pâtée, n.f., paste (to fatten poultry); mess (for dogs or cats).

patelin (pa-tlin), n.m., (fam.) wheedler.

patelin, -e, adj., (fam.) wheedling. Air —; wheedling look.

patelinage (pa-tli-), n.m., (fam.) wheedling.

pateliner (pa-tli-), v.n., (fam.) to wheedle.

pateliner, v.a., (fam.) to manage adroitly.

patelineu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., (fam.) wheedler.

patelle, n.f., patella; (conch.) limpet.

patemment (-ta-), adv., evidently, obviously, publicly.

patène, n.f., (c.rel.) paten, patin.

patenôtre (pa-tnôtr), n.f., paternoster; Lord’s prayer. pl., (pop.) beads of a rosary.

☉patenôtrier, n.m., bead-maker.

patent, -e, adj., patent; obvious, manifest. Lettres —es; letters patent.

patentable, adj., licensable.

patente, n.f., license (for the exercise of a trade); (nav.) bill of health. — nette; clean bill. — brute; foul bill.

patenté, -e, n. and adj., licensed dealer; licensed.

patenter, v.a., to license.

pater (pa-tèr), n.m., (—) Lord’s prayer, paternoster; great bead (of a chaplet).

patère, n.f., window-screw; clothes peg; curtain rest, curtain hook.

☉paterne, adj., (jest.) fatherly, paternal.

paternel, -le, adj., paternal, fatherly. Parents —s; relations on the father’s side. Bénédiction —le; father’s blessing. Amour —; fatherly love.

paternellement (-nèl-mān), adv., paternally, fatherly.

paternité, n.f., paternity, fathership.

pâteu-x, -se, adj., doughy, clammy, sticky; milky (of gems); muddy (of roads). Chemin —; muddy road.

pathétique, adj., pathetic, affecting, moving, touching.

pathétique, n.m., pathos.

pathétiquement (-tik-mān), adv., pathetically.

pathognomonique, adj., pathognomonic.

pathologie, n.f., pathology.

pathologique, adj., pathologic.

pathologiste, n.m., pathologist.

pathos (pa-tôs), n.m., (b.s.) bathos, bombast, fustian, rant.

patibulaire, adj., patibulary (gallows, hanging). n., gallows, gibbet.

patiemment (pa-sia-mān), adv., patiently, with patience.

patience, n.f., patience, endurance, forbearance; button-cleaner; puzzle (game). Un jeu de —; a puzzle. Avoir de la —; to have patience. Être à bout de —; to be out of patience, to lose patience. Prendre son mal en —; to bear one’s misfortune patiently. Perdre —; to lose patience. Perdre toute —; to lose all patience. Prendre —; to have patience, to bide one’s time. Prendre en —; to bear patiently.

patience, n.f., (bot.) patience, dock.

patient, -e, adj., patient, enduring, forbearing.

patient, n.m., sufferer; patient; culprit (about to be executed).

patienter, v.n., to have or take patience, to bide one’s time.

patin, n.m., skate; sill (of a stair-case); clump (of boots); patten, clog, snow-shoe.

patine, n.f., patina, verd-antique (fine rust on medals).

patiner, v.n., to skate; (of wheels) to slide.

patiner, v.a., to handle, to fumble, to paw; (l.ex.) to feel about.

patineu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., skater.

patineur, n.m., (l.ex.) handler, fumbler.

patio, n.m., court (Spanish).

pâtir, v.n., to suffer; to drudge; to toil. Vous en pâtirez; you’ll suffer for it, you’ll rue it.

pâtis, n.m., pasture-ground.

pâtisser, v.n., to make pastry.

pâtisserie (pâ-ti-srî), n.f., pastry; pastry-business.

pâtissi-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., pastry-cook.

pâtissoire, n.f., pastry-board, pastry-table.

pâtisson, n.m., (bot.) squash-melon.

patois, n.m., patois, dialect; jargon, lingo; rigmarole.

pâton, n.m., bolus (for fattening poultry).

patraque, n.f., rubbish, trumpery thing; bad watch; (pers.) broken-down, worn out, poor stick; gimcrack.

pâtre, n.m., herdsman, shepherd.

ad patres (pa-très), adv., (triv.) to kingdom come. Envoyer quelqu’un ad —; to knock any one on the head, to kill.

patriarcal, -e, adj., patriarchal.

patriarcat, n.m., patriarchate, patriarchship.

patriarche, n.m., patriarch.

patrice, n.m., patrician.

patriciat, n.m., dignity of a patrician; order of patricians; patriciate.

patricien, -ne (-in, -è-n), n. and adj., patrician.

patrie, n.f., native country, native land, home, fatherland; birth-place.

patrimoine, n.m., patrimony, inheritance.

patrimonial, -e, adj., patrimonial.

patriote, n.m.f. and adj., patriot; patriotic.

patriotique, adj., patriotic.

patriotiquement (-tik-mān), adv., like a patriot, patriotically.

patriotisme, n.m., patriotism.

☉patrociner, v.n., (jest.) to argue; to lecture, to talk.

patron, n.m., patron; patron saint; master (of a house); master, employer; (fam.) governor; principal; (nav.) coxswain; master (of slaves); (canon law) advowee; pattern, model; (tech.) templet. — d’un vaisseau marchand; master of a merchantman. — de chaloupe; coxswain of a longboat. Je veux parler au —; I want to speak to the principal, to the governor. Faire un —; to take a pattern. Dès — minette; from cockcrow.

patronage, n.m., patronage; pattern-work; advowson.

patronal, -e, adj., patronal. Fête —e; patron saint’s day.

patronat, n.m., (Rom. hist.) protection, patronizing; patronate; employment of labor.

☉patroniser, v.a., to patronize.

☉dès le patron-jaquet, dès le patron-minet, adv., very early, at daybreak.

patronne, n.f., patroness; female guardian saint; employer, mistress.

patronner, v.n., to patronize, to take the pattern of; to stencil.

patronner, v.a., to patronize.

patronnesse, adj.f., patronizing, supporting. Dame —; lady who gives her patronage.

patronymique, adj., patronymic.

*patrouillage, n.m., (l.u.) mess, paddling.

*patrouille, n.f., patrol. Faire la —; to patrol. — grise; night-patrol.

*patrouiller, v.n., (pop.) to paddle, to puddle, mess about; (milit.) to patrol.

*patrouiller, v.a., (pop.) to spoil things (by messing them about).

*patrouillis, n.m., mess, puddle.

patte, n.f., paw (of animals); flap (of pockets); foot (of birds, of glasses); leg (of an insect). — de chien; dog’s paw. — d’oie; foot of a goose. — de collet; shoulder-strap. Des —s d’araignée; spider’s legs. —s d’écrevisse; claws of a crayfish, fluke (of anchors); (tech.) cramp, hook, holdfast. Marcher à quatre —s; to go on all fours. Passer sous la — de quelqu’un; to fall into any one’s clutches. Mettre la — sur quelqu’un; to lay hands upon any one. Donner un coup de — à quelqu’un; to slang any one in (his presence or absence). Graisser la — à quelqu’un; to give any one a sop, to fee any one. —s de mouches; scrawl. Faire — de velours; to cajole, to flatter; to touch softly.

patte-d’oie, n.f., (—s-—) (bot.) goose-foot; intersection of several roads; crow’s foot.

☉patte-pelu, n.m., (—-—s), patte-pelue, n.f., (—-—s), wolf in sheep’s clothing; hypocrite.

pattu, -e, adj., rough-footed; heavy, large-pawed.

pâturage, n.m., pasture, pasture-ground, grazing.

pâture, n.f., food, pasturage. Servir de — à; to become the prey (of). Vaine —; common. Droit de vaine —; common of pasture.

pâturer, v.n., to pasture, to graze, to feed.

pâtureur, n.m., (milit.) pastor, pasturer.

paturin, n.m., (bot.) meadow-grass. — comprimé; wire-grass.

pâturon, n.m., pastern (of a horse).

paucité, n.f., (l.u.) paucity.

paulette, n.f., tax (formerly paid for permission to dispose of one’s office).

paulo-post-futur, n.m., (gram.) paulo-post-future.

paulownia, n.m., (bot.) paulownia.

paume, n.f., palm (of the hand); tennis rackets (game). Longue —; lawn-tennis. Jeu de —; tennis, tennis court, racket court.

paumelle, n.f., sort of barley; hand-leather, hand-guard.

paumer, v.a., (pop.) to give a punch, to slap, to smack; to grab, to nab.

paumier, n.m., tennis-court keeper.

paumoyer, v.a., (nav.) to underrun (cables).

paumure, n.f., top-antlers.

paupérisme, n.m., pauperism.

paupière, n.f., eyelid; eyelash; (fig.) eye, eyes. Fermer la —; to shut one’s eyes; to sleep; to die.

pause, n.f., pause, stop, rest, stand; (mus.) rest, semi-breve rest.

pauser, v.a., (mus.) to pause, to make a pause.

pauvre, adj., poor, needy, wretched, destitute; paltry, sorry, scanty; mean, beggarly. Une langue —; a poor language. Un sujet —; a barren subject. Le — homme! poor silly fellow! — d’esprit; poor in spirit; weak-headed. Un homme —; a poor man. C’est un — poète; he is a wretched poet. Un — hère, un — diable; a poor devil.

pauvre, n.m., poor person, poor man, pauper, beggar. —s honteux; poor people who are ashamed to beg. Aux —s la besace; the back is made for the burden.

pauvrement, adv., poorly, wretchedly.

pauvresse, n.f., poor woman, beggar-woman, beggar-girl.

pauvret, n.m., -te, n.f., poor creature, poor thing.

pauvreté, n.f., poverty, indigence, need; sorry thing, wretchedness. — n’est pas vice; poverty is no crime. Dire des —; to deal in platitudes.

pavage, n.m., pavement, paving.

pavane, n.f., pavan (dance).

se pavaner, v.r., to strut, to strut along; to stalk proudly; to flaunt.

pavé, n.m., paving-stone; pavement; paved road; road-way, street, streets. Être sur le —; to be without a home; to be on the streets. Battre le —; to idle or lounge about town. Tâter le —; not to walk firmly. Le haut du —; the wall side. Tenir le haut du —; to hold the first rank. Brûler le —; to drive like the wind, to tear along the road. Être sur le — du roi; to be on the king’s highway. Mettre sur le —; to turn into the streets; to turn out of the house; to turn out of employment. Les pavés le disent; the thing is in every one’s mouth.

pavement (pav-mān), n.m., paving; pavement.

paver, v.a., to pave.

pavesade, n.f., (nav.) pavisade.

paveur, n.m., pavier, pavior.

pavie, n.m., cling-stone peach.

*pavillon, n.m., pavilion, summer-house; wing, outhouse, lodge; tent, flag, standard; (c.rel.) veil of the tabernacle; bell (of a trumpet). Amener son —; to strike her flag (of a ship). — blanc; flag of truce. — de poupe; ensign. Hisser le —; to hoist the flag. Baisser —; to yield, to give in, to surrender. Vaisseau —; flag-ship.

pavois, n.m., shield; (nav.) armor.

pavoisement, n.m., (nav.) dressing with flags.

pavoiser, v.a., (nav.) to adorn with flags; to dress.

pavot, n.m., (bot.) poppy.

payable, adj., payable.

payant, -e, adj., paying. Carte —e; bill (at an eating-house). Billet —; paid ticket.

payant, n.m., -e, n.f., payer, person who pays.

paye (pè-ye), n.f., pay, salary; wages; (fam.) paymaster. Une bonne —; a good paymaster. Morte-— (—s-—s); old servant kept and paid without doing any work; defaulting tax-payer. Haute —; (milit.) extra pay for good conduct stripes.

payement (pè-mān), n.m., payment. Jour de —; pay-day. Non-—, (—-—s) non-payment.

payen, -ne, adj. V. païen.

payer, v.a., to pay, to pay for, to pay off, to pay away, to recompense, to reward, to requite; to expiate, to atone for, to satisfy, to indemnify. — trop; to overpay. — argent comptant; to pay cash down. Se faire —; to get paid, to get one’s money. Qui répond paye; the bail must pay. — quelqu’un d’ingratitude; to reward any one with ingratitude. — de belles paroles; to pay with fine speeches. — le tribut à la nature; to pay the debt of nature. — en même monnaie; to pay in like coin. — les violons; to pay the piper. — d’effronterie; to brazen it out. — d’audace; to face it out. Il me la payera; he shall pay for it; I’ll be revenged on him for it. Vous en payerez la folle enchère; you shall pay dear for your rashness. — de sa personne; to expose one’s self to danger; to risk one’s skin; (fig.) to exert one’s self. Être payé pour savoir; to know a thing to one’s cost. Ce n’est pas payé; (at billiards, etc.), that’s hard lines (when a stroke has just been missed).

se payer, v.r., to be satisfied; to be bought, to treat one’s self to. Se — de raisons; to be satisfied with reasons. Cela ne peut pas se —; that cannot be bought, that cannot be had for money. Je ne me paye pas de mauvaises raisons; nothing but good reasons will satisfy me. Je me paierai un habit neuf; I shall treat myself to a new coat.

payeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., paymaster; payer.

pays (pè-yee), n.m., country, fatherland, birthplace, native place, home; part of the country, place, district; (pop.) fellow-countryman. Gagner du —; to get on, to make progress. Courir le —; to ramble, to rove about. Battre le —; to wander about; (mil.) to scour the country. Être en — de connaissance; to be among friends. Savoir la carte du —; to know one’s ground, one’s people. — perdu; out-of-the-way place, waste, desert. — natal; native country. De quel — êtes-vous? what countryman are you? Avoir le mal du —; to be home-sick. Nul n’est prophète en son —; no man is a prophet in his own country. Il est bien de son —; he is very simple, very credulous. À vue de —; at first sight, by guess. Faire voir du — à quelqu’un; to lead any one a dance. — ruiné vaut mieux que — perdu; half a loaf is better than no bread.

paysage (pè-i-zaj), n.m., landscape, scenery; landscape-painting.

paysag-er, -ère, adj., rustic, country.

paysagiste (pè-i-za-jist), n.m., landscape-painter.

paysan (pè-i-zan), n.m., -ne (-za-n), n.f., countryman; countrywoman; peasant, rustic.

paysannerie (pè-i-za-n-rî), n.f., rusticity, country manners.

payse, n.f., (pop.) fellow countrywoman.

péage, n.m., toll, due; toll-house.

péager, n.m., toll-gatherer.

peau, n.f., skin, hide, fell, peel; rind, pelt, fur; (fig., fam.) person. — d’oignons; onion-peel. — de fruit; skin of fruit. Oter la —; to peel. Contes de — d’âne; nursery tales, fairy tales. Être dans la — de quelqu’un; to be in any one’s shoes. Il ne faut pas vendre la — de l’ours avant de l’avoir tué; do not count your chickens before they are hatched. — de soie; Japanese silk.

peausserie (pô-srî), n.f., peltry; skinner’s trade.

peaussier (pô-sié), n.m., skinner, skin-dresser.

peaussier, adj., (anat.) cutaneous (muscle).

pébrine, n.f., disease (in silk-worms).

pec, adj., newly salted (of herrings).

pécari, n.m., peccary, Mexican boar.

peccable (pèk-kabl), adj., peccable, faulty.

peccadille, n.f., peccadillo, slight offense.

☉peccant, -e (pèk-kān, -t), adj., (med.) morbid, not healthy, peccant.

peccata, n.m., (—) (pop.) an ass; fool, dolt, blockhead.

peccavi (pèk-ka-vi), n.m., (—) peccavi.

pêche, n.f., (bot.) peach. — hâtive; early peach. — tardive; late peach.

pêche, n.f., fishing, angling. La — à la ligne; angling. Aller à la —; to go out fishing. Ligne de —; fishing line.

péché, n.m., sin, trespass, transgression. — originel; original sin. — mignon; besetting sin. — grave; heinous sin. — irrémissible; unpardonable sin. Racheter ses —s; to redeem one’s sins. À tout — miséricorde; there is mercy for every sin. Rechercher les vieux —s de quelqu’un; to rake up the old sins of any one. Être laide comme les sept —s capitaux; to be as ugly as sin. Se dire les sept —s mortels; to abuse one another mercilessly. — avoué est à demi pardonné; a fault confessed is half redressed.

pécher, v.n., to sin, to transgress, to trespass; to offend; to err; to be deficient, to fail. — contre la bienséance; to offend against decency. Ce n’est pas par là qu’il pèche; that is not his failing.

pêcher, v.a. and n., to fish, to angle, to fish for, to fish up, to drag out; to find, to pick up. — à la ligne; to angle for, with rod and line. — un étang; to draw a pond. — en eau trouble; to fish in troubled waters. — au plat; to pick into the dish. Où avez-vous pêché cela? where did you pick that up or where did you get hold of that?

pêcher, n.m., peach-tree.

pécheresse (pé-shrès), n.f. V. pécheur.

pêcherie (pê-shrî), n.f., fishing-place; fishery, fish-pond.

péche-ur, n.m., -resse, n.f., sinner.

pêcheu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., fisher, angler, fisherman, fisherwoman. — à la ligne; angler. Ligne de —; fishing-line.

pêcheu-r, -se, adj., fishing.

pécore, n.f., stupid creature, blockhead, animal, creature.

pecque, n.f., silly, conceited woman or girl.

pectiné, -e, adj., pectinal, comb-shaped.

pectoral, -e, adj., pectoral.

pectoral, n.m., breast-plate; (med.) pectoral.

péculat, n.m., peculation, embezzlement. Être coupable de —; to peculate.

péculateur, n.m., (l.u.) peculator.

pécule, n.m., savings, earnings, hoard.

☉pécune, n.f., ready money, cash, tin.

pécuniaire, adj., pecuniary.

pécunieu-x, -se, adj., moneyed.

pédagogie, n.f., pedagogy.

pédagogique, adj., pedagogical.

pédagogue, n.m., pedagogue.

pédale, n.f., pedal; treadle; foot-board.

☉pédané, adj., formerly said of judges who tried cases standing up.

pédant, -e, n. and adj., pedant; pedantic.

☉pédanter, v.n. V. pédantiser.

pédanterie (pé-dan-trî), n.f., pedantry.

pédantesque, adj., pedantic.

pédantesquement, adv., pedantically.

pédantiser, v.n., to act, or play, the pedant.

pédantisme, n.f., pedantry.

pédéraste, n.m., pederast.

pédérastie, n.f., pederasty.

pédestre, adj., pedestrian, on foot.

pédestrement, adv., on foot. Aller —; to go on foot.

pédicelle, n.m., (bot.) pedicle, pedicel.

pédiculaire, adj., pedicular.

pédiculaire, n.f., (bot.) pedicularis, louse-wort.

pédicule, n.m., (bot.) pedicel; (med.) neck.

pédiculé, -e, adj., pedicellate.

pédicure, n.m.f., corn-cutter; chiropodist.

pédiforme, adj., foot-shaped.

pédiluve, n.m., (med.) pediluvium, foot-bath.

pédimane, n.m. and adj., (mam.) pedimane; pedimanous.

pédomètre, n.m., pedometer.

pédon, n.m., courier on foot, runner.

pédonculaire, adj., (bot.) peduncular.

pédoncule, n.m., (bot.) peduncle, flower-stalk.

pédonculé, -e, adj., (bot.) pedunculate.

pégase, n.m., Pegasus.

pègle, n.f., pitch (from wood).

pègre, n.m., thief. n.f., light-fingered gentry.

*peignage, n.m., combing, wool-combing.

*peigne, n.m., comb; (paint.) graining-tool. — fin; small-tooth comb. — à démêler; large-tooth comb. Être sale comme un —; to be as dirty as you like.

*peigné, -e, part., combed; (fig.) elaborate, labored. Un jardin bien —; a well-kept garden. Un mal — or un malpeigné; a dirty, slovenly, ill-dressed fellow.

peignée, n.f., cardful (of wool).

*peigner, v.a., to comb, to card; (pop.) to beat, to drub; to polish (style).

se peigner, v.r., to comb one’s self; (pop.) to beat one another.

peignerie, n.f., comb manufactory; comb-trade.

*peigneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., (manu.) comber.

*peignier, n.m., comb-maker.

*peignoir, n.m., dressing-gown, wrapper; bathing-gown.

*peignures, n.f.pl., combings.

peindre (peignant, peint), v.a., to paint, to portray; to describe, to depict; to draw, to represent; to express. — d’après nature; to paint from nature. — à l’huile; to paint in oils. — l’histoire; to paint historical subjects. — le portrait; to take likenesses, to paint portraits. Se faire —; to sit for one’s portrait. Fait à —; very handsome. Il nous a peint sa détresse; he described his distress to us.

se peindre, v.r., to paint one’s self; to be represented, to be expressed or described, to be depicted. La douleur se peignait sur son visage; grief was depicted on his face.

peine, n.f., punishment, penalty, pain; affliction, grief, sorrow, misery; uneasiness, trouble, anxiety, labor; pains; reluctance. Sous les —s de droit; on pain of being punished according to law. Partager les —s de quelqu’un; to share any one’s troubles. Il n’y a que des —s dans la vie; the world is full of sorrow. Cela fait — à voir; it hurts one to see it. À chaque jour suffit sa —; sufficient for the day is the evil thereof. Je suis en — de savoir ce qu’il deviendra; I am at a loss to know what will become of him. Faire de la — à quelqu’un; to pain any one. Être dans la —; to be in trouble. Se mettre en — de; to trouble one’s self about. Je voudrais vous épargner cette —; I would willingly spare you that trouble. Cela n’en vaut pas la —; it is not worth while. Il a de la — à parler; he is scarcely able to speak. Il a de la — à marcher; he can scarcely walk. Il a eu beaucoup de — à en venir à bout; he had much trouble to bring it about, to get through it. J’ai — à le croire; I can hardly believe it. Un homme de —; a laborer. Ce n’est pas la —; it is not worth while. À —; hardly, scarce, scarcely. À — sait-il lire; he can hardly read. À grand’—; with great trouble, with much difficulty. Mourir à la —; to die in harness or to work one’s self to death.

peiné, -e, part., pained, grieved; labored, elaborate, stiff. Un ouvrage —; a labored piece of work.

peiner, v.a., to pain, to make uneasy, to put to trouble; to fatigue, to labor.

se peiner, v.r., to take pains; to grieve, to fret.

peiner, v.n., to labor, to toil; to be reluctant, to be loath.

peint, -e, part., painted, drawn. Toiles —es; printed calicoes.

peintre, n.m., painter. — de paysage; landscape painter. Un — en bâtiments; a house-painter.

peinturage, n.m., painting (on wood); daub.

peinture, n.f., painting; paint; picture, portraiture; description, appearance; painters’ work; colors. — à l’huile; oil-painting. — en détrempe; distemper-painting. — en mosaïque; mosaic-painting. En —; in painting, in appearance.

peinturer, v.a., (l.u.) to paint (with one color only); to daub.

peintureur, n.m., bad painter, dauber. V. barbouilleur.

pékin, n.m., pekin (textile fabric); (fig.) civilian, snob. C’est un mauvais —; he’s a nasty fellow.

pelade, n.f., alopecy, alopecia, scurf.

pelage, n.m., coat, fur (color of).

pélagianisme, n.m., pelagianism, Pelagius’ tenets.

pélagien, -ne (-in, -è-n), adj., pelagian.

pélagique, adj., pelagic (of the sea).

pélamide, n.f., (ich.) pelamis.

pelard (pe-lar), adj., barked (of wood).

pélasgique, adj., pelasgian.

pelé, n.m., bald-pated man; ragamuffin. n’y avait que quatre —s et un tondu; there was nothing but the rag, tag, and bobtail. adj., bald; bare, naked; threadbare, napless.

pêle, n.m. V. pêne.

pêle-mêle, adv., pell-mell, confusedly, helter-skelter.

pêle-mêle, n.m., pell-mell, disorder, jumble, confusion.

peler, v.a., to strip of hair, to make bald; to pare, to skin, to peel, to scald (pigs). — un cochon de lait; to scald a sucking pig. — un arbre; to peel a tree. — des amandes; to peel almonds.

se peler, v.r., to come off (of the hair); to peel off.

peler, v.n., to peel off (of the skin).

pèlerin (pèl-rin), n.m., -e (-ri-n), n.f., pilgrim, traveler; hypocrite, dissembler.

pèlerin, n.m., (orni.) peregrine falcon.

pèlerinage (pèl-ri-), n.m., pilgrimage. Aller en —; to go on a pilgrimage.

pèlerine (pèl-ri-n), n.f., tippet, cape.

pélican, n.m., pelican; (tech.) holdfast.

pelin, n.m., lime-pit (for hides).

pelisse, n.f., pelisse.

pellage, n.m., shoveling.

pellagre, n.f., (med.) pellagra.

pelle, n.f., shovel, scoop, spade; (of an oar) blade; (of lock-gates) paddle. La — se moque du fourgon; the pot calls the kettle black. Oter avec la —; to shovel out. Remuer à la —; to shovel. Remuer l’argent à la —; (fig.) to have heaps, loads of money.

pellée, pellerée, pelletée (pèl-rée, pèl-tée), n.f., shovelful.

pelleron (pèl-ron), n.m., baker’s peel.

pelleterie (pèl-trî), n.f., furriery; peltry.

pelleti-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., furrier.

pelleversage, n.m., spade-tilling.

pellicule (pèl-li-kul), n.f., pellicle.

pellucide (pel-lu-), adj., (phys.) pellucid.

pellucidité, n.f., pellucidness, clearness.

pelotage, n.m., winding skeins into balls; pack of vigonia wool; loose play (at billiards, etc.).

pelote (plot), n.f., pin-cushion; clew, ball of thread; pellet; blaze (on a horse’s forehead). — de neige; snow-ball. Faire sa —; to feather one’s nest.

peloter (plo-té), v.a., to make up into a ball; to throw balls; to bang, to cuff, to beat; to hoard, to save.

se peloter, v.r., to roll round; to roll one’s self up; to bang each other about; to dispute.

peloter, v.n., (at tennis) to knock the ball about.

peloton (plo-ton), n.m., ball, knot, group, cluster; lump (of fat); (milit.) half-company; tennis-ball; group, knot (of people). Ils entraient par —s; they entered by groups. Se mettre en —; to roll one’s self up like a ball. Feu de —; volley-firing, platoon-firing.

pelotonner (plo-to-né), v.a., to wind into balls, to put up into balls.

se pelotonner, v.r., to gather into knots, into groups; to gather into a round mass; to roll one’s self up.

pelouse (plooz), n.f., lawn, greensward; grass-plot.

pelu, -e, adj., hairy. [Only used in patte-pelu, which see.]

peluche (plush), n.f., shag, plush, cotton and woolen drugget.

peluché, -e, adj., shaggy.

pelucher (plu-shé), v.n., to become shaggy, to wear rough.

pelure (plur), n.f., paring, peel, rind.

pelvien, -ne (-in, -è-n), adj., (anat.) pelvic.

pemphigus, n.m., (med.) pemphigus.

*penaille, n.f., rags; (b.s.) monks.

*penaillerie, n.f., rags; set of ragamuffins; (b.s.) monks.

*penaillon, n.m., rag; monk.

pénal, -e, adj., penal.

pénalité, n.f., penal system; penalty; penal enactment.

penard, n.m., old fox (pers.), old libertine.

pénates, n.m.pl., (antiq.) penates, household gods; fireside, home.

penaud, -e, n. and adj., abashed, sheepish person; abashed, sheepish, chopfallen, crestfallen.

penchant, n.m., slope, declivity; inclination, acclivity, decline, propensity, beat, tendency, taste. Le — d’une montagne; the slope of a mountain. Suivre son — or se laisser aller à son —; to follow one’s bent.

penchant, -e, adj., shelving, sloping, declining, leaning.

penchement (pansh-mān), n.m., inclination, leaning, bending, stoop, stooping.

pencher, v.a., to incline, to lean, to bend, to stoop. — la tête; to bend the head. — un vase; to incline a vase.

se pencher, v.r., to bend, to bend over, to stoop, to tilt, to slope, to be inclined. Se — sur le bord d’un précipice; to bend over the brink of a precipice.

pencher, v.n., to lean; to slope, to incline, to be disposed. Il penche vers le nord; it leans to the north. — vers la clémence; to lean to mercy. — vers or — du côté de; to incline towards, to lean the side of.

pendable, adj., deserving hanging, abominable. Cas —; hanging matter. Un tour —; an abominable trick.

pendaison, n.f., hanging (on the gallows).

pendant, prep., during.

pendant que, conj., whilst, while.

pendant, n.m., thing pendent, thing hanging; counterpart, pendant, fellow; frog (of a sword-belt). — d’oreille; ear-ring. Il faut un — à ce tableau; this picture needs a fellow. C’est son —; he is his counterpart.

pendant, -e, adj., pendent, hanging, pending, depending; standing (of crops). Oreilles —es; hanging ears. Marcher les bras —s; to walk with one’s arms dangling. Le procès est —; the cause is pending.

pendard, n.m., -e, n.f., rascal, rogue, scoundrel; jade.

pendeloque (pan-dlok), n.f., ear-drop; pendant, drop.

pendentif, n.m., (arch.) pendentive.

penderie (pen-dri), n.f., ☉hanging (putting to death); (tech.) drying-house.

pendeur, n.m., hangman, executioner; (nav.) pennant (rope), span.

*pendiller, v.n., to hang loose, to dangle, to swing.

pendre, v.a., to hang, to hang up, to suspend. — de la viande au croc; to hang up meat on a hook. — des voleurs; to hang robbers. Il ne vaut pas la corde pour le —; he is not worth hanging. Il dit pis que — de vous; he says all kinds of things of you.

se pendre, v.r., to hang one’s self.

pendre, v.n., to hang, to hang up, to hang down, to be suspended, to dangle, to droop, to sag. Les joues lui pendent; his cheeks are flabby. Autant lui en pend à l’oreille; he may expect a like treatment, or to be served in the same way. Il a dit pis que — de vous; he said everything that was bad of you or he abused you right and left.

pendu, n.m., one that has been hanged. Il est sec comme un —; he is as thin as a lath. Avoir de la corde de — dans sa poche; to have the devil’s own luck.

pendu, -e, part., hanged, hung. Aussitôt pris, aussitôt —; no sooner said than done. Il est toujours — à ses côtés; he is always dangling after her. Avoir la langue bien —e; to have a well-oiled tongue.

pendule, n.f., (horl.) time-piece, chimney clock, ornamental clock. — détraquée; clock out of order. Remonter une —; to wind up a clock. — de voyage; carriage-clock.

pendule, n.m., pendulum.

penduliste, n.m., clock-case maker.

pêne, n.m., bolt (of a lock); lock-bolt.

pénétrabilité, n.f., penetrability.

pénétrable, adj., penetrable.

pénétrant, -e, adj., penetrating, piercing, keen, insinuating, acute, searching, impressive. Il fait un froid —; it is piercingly cold.

pénétrati-f, -ve, adj., (l.u.) penetrating.

pénétration, n.f., penetration, acuteness, shrewdness; sagacity. Avoir une grande — d’esprit; to have great acuteness of mind.

pénétré, -e, part., penetrated. — de douleur; grieved to the heart, cut to the quick.

pénétrer, v.a., to penetrate, to go through, to enter, to pierce; to pervade; to fathom; to impress; to imbue; to see through; to affect, to move. — quelqu’un; to see through any one. Son état m’a pénétré; his situation deeply moved me.

se pénétrer, v.r., to penetrate each other; to impress one’s self, to convince one’s self; to impress one’s mind.

pénétrer, v.n., to penetrate; to pervade; to pierce, to get in. Il pénétra bien avant dans le pays; he went a great way into the country or he explored the interior.

pénible, adj., painful, laborious; troublesome, difficult, hard.

péniblement, adv., painfully, laboriously.

péniche, n.f., (nav.) pinnace.

pénicillé, -e, adj., (anat.) pencil-shaped.

pénil, n.m., (anat.) mons veneris.

péninsulaire, adj., peninsular.

péninsule, n.f., peninsula.

pénitence, n.f., penitence, repentance, penance, punishment, disgrace. Faire — de ses péchés; to do penance for one’s sins. Faire —; to fare poorly. Mettre un enfant en —; to punish a child. Il est en —; he is in disgrace.

pénitencerie (-tān-srî), n.f., penitentiary’s court; penitentiary (office).

pénitencier, n.m., reformatory; penitentiary.

pénitent, -e, n. and adj., penitent, repentant. Pécheur —; contrite sinner.

pénitentiaire (-ci-èr), adj., penitentiary, penal. Maison —; penitentiary.

pénitenti-aux (-ci-ô), -elles (-ci-èl), adj.pl., penitential. Psaumes —; penitential psalms.

pénitentiel (-ci-èl), n.m., penitential.

pennage, n.m., plumage (hawking).

penne (pè-n), n.f., beam-feather (of a hawk); feather; (orni.) feather of the tail or wing; (nav.) peak of a mizzen or lateen sail.

penné, adj., (bot.) pennate, pennated.

penniforme, adj., penniform.

pennon (pè-n-non), n.m., pennon.

pénombre, n.f., penumbra; (fig.) darkness, obscurity, twilight, semi-darkness; subdued light.

penon, n.m., (nav.) dog-vane.

pensant, -e, adj., thinking. Bien —; right-thinking, well-disposed, right-minded. Mal —; evil-thinking, evil-disposed.

pensée, n.f., thought, opinion, sentiment, idea, conception; mind, belief, opinion; design; notion; meaning; sketch, first draught; (bot.) pansy, heart’s-ease. — ultérieure; after-thought. S’accoutumer à la — de la mort; to accustom one’s self to the idea of death. Parler contre sa —; to speak against one’s conviction, opinion. Entrer dans la — de quelqu’un; to gather any one’s meaning, to follow any one’s reasoning or train of thought. Lire dans la — de quelqu’un; to read any one’s thoughts. Cela m’est venu dans la —; that came into my mind. S’entretenir avec ses —s; to hold converse with one’s self.

penser, v.n., to think, to believe, to imagine; to reflect, to meditate, to deem, to be of opinion; to hope; to be on the point, to be near, to have like; to take heed, to take care. L’homme pense; man is a thinking being. — à quelque chose; to think of anything. Il est venu sans qu’on y pensât; he came unexpectedly. C’est un homme qui pense bien; he is a man who thinks well. Il l’a fait sans y —; he did it unwittingly. À quoi pensez-vous, de faire cela? what do you mean by doing that? — à mal; to have some ill design, to mean harm. Il pensait à me surprendre; he thought to surprise me. Il a pensé mourir; he nearly lost his life. J’ai pensé tomber; I was near falling. À ce que je pense; to my mind, in my mind, in my opinion. Façon de —; way of thinking. — à soi; to look to one’s self, to take care of one’s self. Faire —; to remind. Cela donne bien à —; that is very suggestive, or food for reflection. Pensez donc! just think of it! just imagine!

penser, v.a., to think, to think of. Il ne dit jamais ce qu’il pense; he never says what he thinks. — du bien de; to think well of. — à quelque chose pour faire réussir une affaire; to think of something to bring a matter to a successful issue. Que pensez-vous de cela? what think you of that? Pensez à moi; think of me. Que pensez-vous de lui? what is your opinion of him?

penser, n.m., inward reasoning, thought.

penseur, n.m. and adj., thinker; thinking, reflecting, thoughtful.

pensi-f, -ve, adj., pensive, thoughtful.

pension, n.f., pension, annuity, allowance, payment; board; board and lodging; boarding-house; boarding-school; livery (of horses); (milit.) mess. Prendre quelqu’un en —; to receive any one as a boarder. Se mettre en —; to go to a boarding-house. — bourgeoise; family boarding-house. Mettre ses chevaux en —; to put one’s horses out at livery. Mettre son fils en —; to place one’s son at a boarding-school. — de demoiselles; young ladies’ boarding-school, seminary for young ladies. — de jeunes gens; boarding-school for young gentlemen, seminary for young gentlemen. — de retraite; retiring pension. Obtenir une —; to obtain a pension. — viagère; life-annuity. Demi-—; board.

pensionnaire, n.m.f., boarder; pensioner; pensionary (in Holland). Demi-—; day-boarder. Prendre des —s; to take in boarders.

pensionnat, n.m., boarding-school.

pensionner, v.a., to pension, to grant a pension to.

pensum (pin-som), n.m., (—s) imposition, extra task (at school). Donner pour —; to give as an extra task.

pent, penta, prefix from Gr. πέντε.

pentacorde, n.m., (mus.) pentachord.

pentagone, n.m. and adj., (geom., fort.) pentagon; pentagonal.

pentamètre, n.m. and adj., pentameter.

pentandrie, n.f., (bot.) pentandria.

pentaphylle, adj., (bot.) pentaphyllous.

pentateuque, n.m., (Bible) Pentateuch.

pente, n.f., declivity, inclination, slope, descent; acclivity, ascent; incline, gradient; pitch (of roofs); valance (of a bed); (nav.) sides (of an awning); propensity, bent, turn. Le terrain va en —; the ground shelves down. Aller en —; to slope, to shelve, to incline. Avoir de la — au plaisir; to have a natural propensity for pleasure.

pentecôte (pant-kôt), n.f., Whitsuntide, Pentecost. Dimanche de la —; Whitsunday.

pentière (-tièr), n.f. V. pantière.

penture, n.f., iron-work, iron-brace; (tech.) hinge. — de sabords; (nav.) googings of the port-lids. —s en fer à cheval; scuttle-hinges.

pénultième (-ti-em), adj., last but one; (gram.) penultimate.

pénultième, n.f., (gram.) penult, penultima.

pénurie, n.f., penury, want, scarcity, dearth.

péone, n.f. V. pivoine (bot.).

péotte, n.f., peotta, large gondola.

péperin, n.m., peperine (volcanic stone).

pépie, n.f., pip, roup (disease of birds); (fig.) thirst. Elle n’a point la —; she is not tongue-tied. Il a la —; he is for ever drinking; he is always dry.

pépier, v.n., to chirp, to pip.

pépin, n.m., (bot.) kernel, pip, stone. — de raisin; grapestone.

pépinière, n.f., (hort.) nursery.

pépiniériste, n.m., nursery-man.

pépite, n.f., (min.) nugget.

péplon or péplum, n.m., (antiq.) peplus (lady’s cloak).

pepsine, n.f., (chem. pharm.) pepsine.

péquin, n.m., civilian, snob.

percale, n.f., cambric; muslin.

percaline, n.f., glazed calico; (bookbind.) cloth.

perçant, -e, adj., piercing, sharp, keen, shrill, acute. Froid —; piercing cold. Vent —; sharp, keen wind. Des yeux —s; sharp, piercing eyes. Des cris —s; piercing cries. Voix —e; shrill voice.

perce, n.f., piercer, borer, drill.

en perce, adv., broached, tapped. Mettre en —; to prick, to pierce. Mettre du vin en —; to broach a cask of wine.

percé, -e, part., pierced, bored, in holes; out at elbows. Habit —; coat in holes. Avoir le cœur —; to be struck to the heart. Maison bien —e; well-lighted house. Paysage bien —; broad, well-opened out landscape. Chaise —e; close-stool. Il est bas —; he is low in cash. Fruits —s de vers; worm-eaten fruits. C’est un panier —; money burns his pocket, he is a spendthrift.

perce-bois, n.m., (—) (ent.) borer, wood-borer; death-watch.

percée, n.f., or percé, n.m., opening, cutting (in a wood), vista, glade. Faire une — dans; to hew a passage through.

perce-feuille, n.f., (—-—s) (bot.) thorough-wax, hare’s ear.

perce-forêt, n.m., (—-—s) (fam., l.u.) keen sportsman.

perce-lettre, n.m., (—-—s) bodkin (for piercing paper).

percement, n.m., piercing, opening; cutting, boring; perforation.

perce-mousse, n.f., or perce-neige, n.f., (—) (bot.) snow-drop.

*perce-oreille, n.m., (—-—s) (ent.) earwig.

perce-pierre, n.f., (—-—s). V. passe-pierre.

percepteur, n.m., collector (of taxes); gatherer. — des impôts; tax-gatherer, collector.

perceptibilité, n.f., perceptibility, liability to collection (as taxes).

perceptible, adj., collectible; perceptible, perceivable.

perceptiblement, adv., perceptibly.

perception, n.f., the faculty of perceiving, perception; gathering, collecting; receipt; collectorship; collector’s office.

percer, v.a., to bore, to drill, to pierce, to tap, to broach, to open; to penetrate, to see through; to thrill; to lance; (engineering) to tunnel; to wet through (of rain). — avec un foret; to drill, to pierce. — d’outre en outre; to run through and through. — un ais; to bore a plank. — un tonneau; to tap a cask. — un escadron; to cut a passage through a squadron. — avec le bec; to peck through. — d’un coup d’épée; to run through the body. — l’avenir; to dive into the future. Les os lui percent la peau; his bones are coming through his skin. — un abcès; to lance, to open an abscess. — une forêt; to open up, or to make a road through, a forest. — une porte dans un mur; to open a door in a wall.

se percer, v.r., to bore, to be bored; to pierce one’s self, to be pierced.

percer, v.n., to pierce, to pierce through, to break, to break through, to come out, to come through, to open; to appear, to peep out, to peep forth, to transpire; to show one’s self, to discover one’s self, to manifest one’s self; to rise, to make one’s way, to get on; to make one’s way through a crowd. Les dents vont bientôt — à cet enfant; that child’s teeth will soon come through, that child will soon cut his teeth. Cette tumeur percera d’elle-même; that tumor will break, burst, of itself. — par son mérite; to rise, or to make one’s way, by one’s merit. Si compacte que soit la foule, perçons toujours; however dense the crowd may be, let us break through all the same.

perces, n.f.pl., holes of wind instruments.

perce-roche, n.f., (zoöl.) terebella.

perceur, n.m., borer.

percevoir, v.a., to receive, to gather, to levy, to collect (taxes); (philos.) to perceive.

perche, n.f., perch, pole; perch (measure); (hunt.) horns; (ich.) perch. — commune; barse. Petite —; cole-perch. Grande —; (pers.) walking rushlight, lanky person.

perché, n.m., perched, perched up, roosting. Au —; when perched, when roosting.

percher, v.n., to perch.

se percher, v.r., to perch one’s self, to perch, to roost.

percheronne, n.m.f., horse or mare (native of la Perche).

perchette, n.f., pole, prop, stay.

percheur, n.m. and adj., perching, roosting; percher (ornith.) titlark.

perchlorure, n.m., (chem.) bichloride, perchloride.

perchoir, n.m., roost.

perclus, -e, adj., (med.) crippled, impotent. Avoir le cerveau —; to be wanting in sense, in judgment.

perçoir, n.m., piercer (to tap casks).

perçu, -e, part., collected.

percussion, n.f., percussion, reverberation.

percutant, -e, adj., (artil.) percussion. Fusée —; percussion-fuse.

percuter, v.a., to percuss.

perdable, adj., losable.

perdant, -e, n. and adj., loser; losing.

perdition, n.f., waste, wreck, ruin; perdition, destruction. S’en aller en —; to go to ruin, to go to wrack and ruin. Flotte de —; accursed fleet. En —; (of ships) sinking, in great distress.

perdre, v.a., to lose, to be deprived of, to be out of pocket; to waste, to ruin, to be the ruin of, to undo, to corrupt, to debauch; to spoil; (nav.) to carry away; (nav.) to cast away; (tech.) to discharge (water). — la santé; to lose one’s health. — la raison; to lose one’s reason, mind. — haleine; to lose one’s breath. — la tête, la carte; to lose one’s wits, one’s head. — une gageure; to lose a wager. — quelqu’un de réputation; to defame any one. — l’occasion; to lose the opportunity. — une chose de vue; to lose sight of a thing. Ses débauches le perdront; his debauchery will be the ruin of him. L’inondation a perdu les blés; the floods have spoilt the crops. Y — son latin; not to be able to make it out.

se perdre, v.r., to be lost, to lose one’s self, to lose one’s way, to stray; to be cast away; to have a rambling way of arguing; to be nonplused; to disappear, to fall into disuse; to ruin one’s self; to go to ruin, to go to wrack and ruin; to spoil, to be spoilt; to get bewildered; to be at a loss; (nav.) to be carried away; (nav.) to be cast away; to hole one’s own ball (at billiards). Je m’y perds; I am getting bewildered; I cannot make head or tail of it. Se — d’honneur; to disgrace one’s self.

perdre, v.n., to lose, to be a loser, to be out of pocket; (nav.) to ebb. La marée perd; the tide is ebbing.

perdreau, n.m., (orni.) young partridge.

perdrigon, n.m., Perdrigon-plum.

perdrix, n.f., (orni.) partridge. — grise; common partridge. — rouge; red-legged partridge. Couple de —; brace of partridges. Œil de —; soft corn.

perdu, -e, part., lost, ruined, wasted; bewildered; undermined; spoilt; stray, forlorn, obsolete, out of use. — de dettes; over head and ears in debt. — de réputation; ruined in reputation. Courir, crier, comme un —; to run, to cry, like mad, like a madman. Un de — deux de retrouvés; there’s as good fish in the sea as ever was caught or when one door shuts another opens. C’est du bien —; it is casting pearls before swine. Tirer à coups —s; to shoot at random. Pays —; out-of-the-way, deserted country. À corps —; headlong, desperately. Heures —es; spare time, leisure hours. Un bienfait n’est jamais —; a good action never remains unrewarded. Enfants —s or sentinelle —e; (milit.) forlorn hope. Salle des pas —s; outer hall, waiting hall (courts of law).

père, n.m., father, parent; sire; man, fellow. — de famille; father of a family. Nos —s; our forefathers. —s du désert; old anchorites. Le saint-—, le très saint-—, notre saint-—, notre très saint-—, le — des fidèles, le — des Chrétiens; (c.rel.) the pope. — spirituel; father confessor. Beau-—, (—x-—s) father-in-law; step-father. — nourricier; foster-father. — la joie; frank, gay, hearty fellow. — aux écus; man with a great deal of money. De — en fils; from father to son, from sire to son. — noble; (thea.) heavy father, old man. Dormir, or s’endormir, avec ses —s; to sleep with one’s fathers. Petit —; dada, papa. De —; fatherly, paternal.

pérégrination, n.f., peregrination.

pérégrinité, n.f., (jur.) alienage, alienism, alienship.

péremption, n.f., (jur.) limitation, nonsuit.

péremptoire, adj., peremptory.

péremptoirement (-tôar-mān), adv., peremptorily.

☉pérennial, -e (-rè-n-nial), adj., perennial.

pérennité, n.f., perpetuity.

péréquation, n.f., assessment, equal distribution.

perfectibilité, n.f., perfectibility.

perfectible, adj., perfectible.

perfection, n.f., perfection, completeness. Le plus haut degré de —; the acme of perfection. La — en personne; perfection personified, the pink of perfection. En —; to perfection.

perfectionnement (-sio-n-mān), n.m., improvement, perfecting, finishing. Leçons de —; finishing lessons.

perfectionner, v.a., to perfect, to bring to perfection; to improve; to improve upon. — ce que les autres ont inventé; to improve on the inventions of others.

se perfectionner, v.r., to perfect one’s self; to improve one’s self; to improve.

perfide, n.m.f. and adj., perfidious, treacherous, false, false-hearted person; perfidious, treacherous, false. Le — m’a trahi; the perfidious man betrayed me.

perfidement (-fid-mān), adv., perfidiously, falsely, treacherously, basely.

perfidie, n.f., perfidy, perfidiousness; treachery; false-heartedness, treacherousness; treacherous action, treacherous thing. Faire une —; to commit an act of perfidy.

perfolié, -e, adj., (bot.) perfoliate, perfoliated.

perforage, n.m., boring; perforation.

perforant, -e, adj., perforating; perforative.

perforateur, n.m., (tech.) perforator.

perforati-f, -ve, adj., (surg.) perforative.

perforation, n.f., perforation.

perforer, v.a., to perforate, to bore.

péri, n.m., peri (Persian fairy).

périanthe, n.m., (bot.) perianth, perianthium.

périapte, n.m., periapt.

péribole, n.m., (arch.) peribolus.

péricarde, n.m., (anat.) pericardium.

péricardite, n.f., (med.) pericarditis.

péricarpe, n.m., (bot.) seed-vessel, pericarp.

périchondre, n.m., (anat.) perichondrium.

péricliter, v.n., to be in danger, in jeopardy; to threaten to fall (of building).

péricrâne, n.m., (anat.) pericranium.

péridot, n.m., chrysolite, peridot, olivine.

péridrome, n.m., (arch.) peridrome.

périgée, n.m. and adj., (astron.) perigee, perigeum; in its perigee.

périgourdin, -e, adj., of Perigord. n., native of Perigord.

périgueux (-gheû), n.m., (min.) Perigord stone.

périhélie, n.m. and adj., (astron.) perihelion, perihelium; in its perihelion.

*péril, n.m., peril, danger, jeopardy, hazard, risk. Au — de ma vie; at the hazard of my life. Être en — de ta vie; to be in danger of one’s life. Prendre une affaire à ses risques et —s; to run the risk of anything; to take all the risks. Mettre en —; to endanger, to put in jeopardy.

*périlleusement, adv., perilously, dangerously, hazardously.

*périlleu-x, -se, adj., perilous, dangerous, hazardous.

périmer, v.n., (jur.) to be barred by limitation, to pass out of date; to lapse, to drop.

périmètre, n.m., (geom.) perimeter.

périnéal, -e, adj., perinæal.

périnée, n.m., (anat.) perinæum.

période, n.f., stage, period (revolution); (med.) period; (astron.) period; (chron.) period; (gram.) period, sentence; (mus.) phrase. — lunaire; lunar period. — bien arrondie; well-rounded period. — embarrassée; involved period.

période, n.m., pitch, summit, degree, acme, period. Long — de temps; long period of time.

périodicité, n.f., periodicity.

périodique, adj., periodic, periodical; (arith.) recurring, circulating. Fraction —; (arith.) circulating, recurring decimal, repetend. Fraction — composée; (arith.) mixed circulating decimal. Style —; full style.

périodiquement (-dik-mān), adv., periodically.

périoste, n.m., (anat.) periosteum.

périostose, n.f., (med.) periostitis.

péripatéticien, -ne (-ci-in, -è-n), n. and adj., Peripatetic.

péripatétisme, n.m., Peripateticism.

péripétie (-pé-ci), n.f., sudden turn of fortune; revolution, vicissitude; (thea.) catastrophe, event, incident.

périphérie, n.f., (geom.) periphery.

périphrase, n.f., periphrasis, periphrase, circumlocution.

périphraser, v.n., to periphrase, to talk in a roundabout way, to express by circumlocution.

périple, n.m., (ancient geog.) periplus.

péripneumonie, n.f., (med.) peripneumonia, peripneumony.

périptère, n.m. and adj., (arch.) periptery; peripteral.

périr, v.n., to perish, to decay, to die, to be lost, to be destroyed, to sink, to fall off; (jur.) to be barred by limitation. — de froid; to perish with cold. — corps et biens; (of ships) to be lost with all hands. Tôt ou tard les méchants périssent malheureusement; sooner or later the wicked come to an untimely end. Faire — une armée; to destroy an army. L’instance est périe; (jur.) the suit is barred by limitation. Faire —; to put to death; to do away with.

périsciens (-si-in), n.m.pl., (geog.) Periscians, Periscii.

périssable, adj., perishable.

périssoire, n.f., canoe.

péristaltique, adj., (med.) peristaltic.

péristole, n.f., (physiolog.) the peristaltic motion (of the intestines).

péristyle, n.m. and adj., (arch.) peristyle; ornamented with a peristyle.

périsystole, n.f., (physiolog.) perisystole.

péritoine, n.m., (anat.) peritoneum.

péritonite, n.f., (med.) peritonitis.

perkale, perkaline. V. percale, percaline.

perlasse, n.f., pearlash.

perle, n.f., pearl; bead, beading (of bracelets, necklaces); best; (print.) pearl; (arch.) bead; (pharm.) pearl. Nacre de —; mother of pearl. — baroque; irregular pearl. — tube; bugle. Jeter des —s devant les pourceaux; to cast pearls before swine. —s fines; native, real pearls. Semence de —s; the smallest pearls. Herbe aux —s; gromwell, gromil. C’est la — des hommes; he is the best of men. Nous ne sommes pas ici pour enfiler des —s; we are not here to pick straws, or to trifle our time away. Faire la —; to froth, to froth up (of brandy).

perlé, -e, adj., pearled, set with pearls; pearly; beady; boiled twice (of sugar); (her.) pearled; (mus.) brilliant and delicate. Bouillon —; pearly broth. Orge —; pearl-barley.

perler, v.n., to pearl, to bead, to form globules. v.a., to pearl; to give a finish to; to polish.

se perler, v.r., to be, or to become, pearled.

perli-er, -ère, adj., of pearl. Huître —ère; pearl-oyster.

perlière, n.f., (bot.) cudweed.

perlimpinpin, n.m., used only in: poudre de —; quack powder; nostrum (pop.).

perlon, n.m., (ich.) swallow-fish, sapphirine-gurnet, tub-fish.

perlure, n.f., (hunt.) curling (of horns).

permanence, n.f., permanence, permanency. Armée en —; standing army. L’assemblée s’est déclarée en —; the assembly declared its sittings permanent. En —; permanently.

permanent, -e, adj., permanent, lasting; (mec.) constant.

perméabilité, n.f., permeability, perviousness.

perméable, adj., permeable, pervious.

permettre, v.a., to permit, to allow, to suffer, to give leave, to let, to enable, to afford. Permettez-moi de vous dire; allow me to tell you, let me tell you. Permettez! allow me! excuse me!

se permettre, v.r., to permit, to allow, to suffer one’s self (to); to indulge; to indulge one’s self; to take the liberty (of); to take upon one’s self (to), to assume, to dare.

permis, -e, part., lawful, permitted, allowed; justifiable. S’il m’est — de le dire; if I may say so. À vous — de or — à vous de; you may if you like. S’il m’est — de; if I may, if I may be allowed. Est-il — d’entrer? may I come in?

permis, n.m., permit, license, pass; leave. — de chasse; shooting-license. — de circulation; (rail.) pass. — de séjour; permission to reside.

permission, n.f., permission, consent, allowance, leave, permit. Avec votre —; by your leave. Abuser de la —; to go beyond bounds. Prendre la — sous son bonnet; to take French leave.

permixtion (-miks-ti-on), n.f., permixtion.

permutabilité, n.f., commutability, permutability.

permutable, adj., (gram.) commutable.

permutant, n.m., permuter.

permutation, n.f., permutation, commutation, exchange, change. — de consonnes; transposition of consonants.

permuter, v.a., to exchange, to permute, to commute, to transpose.

se permuter, v.r., (gram.) to be permuted, or exchanged, or transposed.

pernicieusement (-eûz-mān), adv., perniciously, mischievously, hurtfully, injuriously, prejudicially.

pernicieu-x, -se, adj., pernicious, mischievous, hurtful, injurious, prejudicial. — à la santé; pernicious to health.

péroné, n.m., (anat.) fibula (small bone of the leg).

péronnelle, n.f., hussy, saucy baggage, gossip; silly, talkative woman.

péroraison, n.f., peroration.

pérorer, v.n., to harangue; to hold forth; to speechify.

péroreur, n.m., haranguer, speechifier.

pérot, n.m., sapling (of the age of two cuttings).

pérou, n.m., Peru. Ce n’est pas le —; it is no great thing, no great haul.

péroxyde, n.m., (chem.) peroxide.

perpendiculaire, n.f. and adj., perpendicular. Abaisser une —; to let fall a perpendicular. Elever une —; to raise a perpendicular.

perpendiculairement (-lèr-mān), adv., perpendicularly.

perpendicularité, n.f., perpendicularity.

perpendicule, n.m., (l.u.) plumb-line, perpendicle.

perpétration, n.f., (jur.) perpetration.

perpétrer, v.a., (jur.) to perpetrate, to commit.

perpétuation, n.f., perpetuation.

perpétuel, -le, adj., perpetual, permanent, never-ceasing, endless, for life.

perpétuellement (-èl-mān), adj., perpetually, everlastingly.

perpétuer, v.a., to perpetuate.

se perpétuer, v.r., to be perpetuated, to last, to endure, to continue.

perpétuité, n.f., perpetuity. À —; forever; for life. Condamner aux travaux forcés à —; to sentence to penal servitude for life.

perplexe, adj., perplexed, embarrassed, irresolute; perplexing.

perplexité, n.f., perplexity, embarrassment.

perquisition, n.f., perquisition, search; investigation. Mandat de —; search-warrant. Lancer un mandat de —; to issue a search-warrant.

perré, n.m., (arch.) water-wing; (of the sea) pebbly shore, shingly beach.

perrin-dandin, n.m., an ignorant, greedy judge.

perron, n.m., flight of steps (before a house); outside landing; (arch.) perron.

perroquet, n.m., (orni.) parrot; parrot (pers.); (nav.) top-gallant sail, gallant. Parler comme un —; to talk like a parrot.

perruche, n.f., she-parrot; perroquet; (nav.) mizzen top-gallant sail.

perruque, n.f., wig, periwig, peruke, pig-tail; mop, shock. — à nœuds; bobwig, bobtail-wig. Tête à —; barber’s block; prejudiced old man.

perruquier, n.m., wig-maker, peruke-maker; hair-dresser; barber.

perruquière, n.f., barber’s wife.

☉pers, -e, adj., blue; bluish.

persan, -e, n. and adj., Persian.

persan, n.m., Persian language.

persane, n.f., Persian woman.

perse, n.f., (geog.) Persia; Persian woman; chintz.

perse, n.m., (ancient hist.) Persian.

persécutant, -e, adj., troublesome, teasing.

persécuter, v.a., to persecute, to trouble, to importune, to tease; to bore, to dun.

persécut-eur, -rice, n. and adj., persecutor, troublesome man or woman; persecuting, importunate, troublesome.

persécution, n.f., persecution, annoyance, importunity.

persée, n.m., (astron.) Perseus.

persévéramment (-ra-mān), adv., perseveringly.

persévérance, n.f., perseverance, steadiness, industry.

persévérant, -e, adj., persevering, steady, industrious.

persévérer, v.n., to persevere, to be steadfast, to persist in one’s opinion. — dans un dessein; to persevere in a design.

persicaire, n.f., (bot.) water-pepper.

persicot, n.m., persicot (cordial).

persienne, n.f., shutter-blind, Venetian shutter. — fixe; louver window.

persiflage, n.m., quizzing, bantering, banter, chaffing, chaff.

persifler, v.a., to quiz, to rally, to banter, to chaff.

persifleur, n.m., banterer, quiz. adj., quizzing, bantering, chaffing.

persil, n.m., (bot.) parsley. — d’âne; beaked parsley. — des marais; sium angustifolium or marsh-parsley.

*persillade, n.f., (cook.) beef dressed with vinegar and parsley.

*persillé, -e, adj., spotted; blue-moldy (of cheese).

persique, adj., (arch.) Persian, Persic.

persistance, n.f., persistence, persistency.

persistant, -e, adj., (bot.) persistent, persisting.

persister, v.n., to persist (in), to keep to. Il persiste à nier; he persists in denying. Il persiste dans son sentiment; he maintains his opinion.

personnage, n.m., personage, person, great person, somebody; (theat.) character, part. C’est un sot —; he is a silly, ignorant fellow. Il joue bien son —; he plays his part well. Je connais le —; I know the fellow. Voilà un plaisant —! what an absurd fellow! Tapisserie à —s; figured tapestry.

personnalité, n.f., personal feeling; self-love, selfishness, egotism; personality; personal remark.

personnat, n.m., sort of benefice.

personne, n.f., person, man, woman, child, female; own self; exterior, appearance; (gram., theol.) person. Jeune —; young lady, young girl. Parlant à sa —; (jur.) speaking to him in person. Les —s de condition; people of fashion. Sans acception de —s; without respect of persons. Il est bien fait de sa —; he has a handsome person or exterior. J’y étais en —; I was there in person. Avoir soin de sa —; to take care of one’s self. Il aime sa —; he loves his dear self. Payer de sa —; to expose one’s self to danger; to be in the thick of the fight or fray; (fig.) to exert one’s self. À la première, seconde, troisième —; (gram.) in the first, second, third, person. C’est la bonté en —; he (or she) is kindness itself.

personne, pron. m., nobody, no man, none, no one; any body, any one. Il n’y a — à la maison; there is nobody at home. Je doute que — y réussisse; I doubt whether any one will or would succeed in it.

personnée, n. and adj. f., (bot.) personate, masked flower; personate, masked.

personnel, -le, adj., personal; selfish.

personnel, n.m., ☉personal character; staff, (all the persons composing any establishment); staff of servants, officials, hands; (milit., nav.) personnel.

personnellement (-nèl-mān), adv., personally.

personnification, n.f., personification, personation.

personnifier, v.a., to personify; to impersonate.

perspecti-f, -ve, adj., perspective.

perspective, n.f., perspective, view; prospect, distance, vista, opening. — aérienne; aërial perspective. Cela borne la —; that bounds the prospect. — riante; delightful prospect. Il a la — d’une grande fortune; he has a large fortune in prospect. En —; in the distance; in prospect, in expectation.

perspicace, adj., perspicacious.

perspicacité, n.f., perspicacity.

perspicuité, n.f., perspicuity.

persuader, v.a., to persuade, to make to believe, to convince, to satisfy; to imagine. J’en suis persuadé; I am convinced of it.

se persuader, v.r., to persuade, to convince one’s self; to be persuaded, to imagine.

persuader, v.n., to persuade, to convince.

persuasible, adj., persuasible, persuadable.

persuasi-f, -ve, adj., persuasive; persuading, convincing, clinching.

persuasion, n.f., persuasion, conviction, belief, opinion. L’éloquence a pour but la —; the object of eloquence is to persuade. Agir à la — d’un autre; to act by (the) persuasion of another.

persuasivement, adv., persuasively.

perte, n.f., loss, losings; ruin, waste, wastefulness; fall, doom. À —; at a loss; (med.) flooding. Faire une —; to meet with a loss. Être en —; to be a loser. Courir à sa —; to go to one’s ruin, to one’s doom. — de temps; waste of time. La — du Rhône; (geog.) place where the Rhone disappears beneath the rocks. Vendre à —; to sell at a loss. En pure —; to no purpose, uselessly, in vain. À — de vue; as far as the eye can reach. Je suis en —; I am a loser by it.

pertinacité, n.f., pertinacity.

pertinemment (-na-mān), adv., pertinently.

pertinence, n.f., pertinency.

pertinent, -e, adj., pertinent.

pertuis, n.m., (geog.) straits; sluice, narrow opening in a flood-gate.

pertuisane, n.f., partisan, halberd.

pertuisanier, n.m., halberdier; warder.

perturbat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., disturber; disturbing.

perturbation, n.f., perturbation, disturbance, commotion.

pervenche, n.f., (bot.) periwinkle.

pervers, -e, adj., perverse, froward, untoward, wicked.

pervers, n.m., perverse, froward person; wrong-doer.

perversion, n.f., perversion.

perversité, n.f., perversity, perverseness, frowardness, untowardness.

pervertir, v.a., to pervert, to be pervertive of, to be a perverter of. Se —; to be perverted.

pervertissable, adj., pervertible.

pervertissement (-tis-mān), n.m., perversion, corruption.

pervertisseur, n.m., perverter, corrupter.

pesade, n.f., (man.) pesade.

pesage, n.m., weighing; weighing-room, saddling-room.

pesamment (pĕ-za-mān), adv., heavily, ponderously, weightily, lumpishly; slowly.

pesant, -e, adj., heavy, ponderous, weighty; unwieldy, lumpish; cumbersome; sluggish, slow; full weight. Fardeau —; heavy burden. Cheval — à la main; hard-mouthed horse. Il a la main —e; he has a heavy hand. Il a l’esprit —; he is dull-minded. Joug —; heavy yoke. Un louis d’or —; a louis d’or of the full weight.

pesant, n.m., weight. Il vaut son — d’or; he is worth his weight in gold.

pesant, adv., weight, in weight.

pesanteur, n.f., weight, heaviness, weightiness; sluggishness, dullness, slowness, unwieldiness; ponderosity, ponderousness; (phys.) force of gravity, gravity. — de tête; heaviness in the head. — d’esprit; dullness of mind.

pesée, n.f., weighing; all that is weighed at once. Faire une —; to weigh.

pèse-acide, n.m., acetometer.

pèse-lait, n.m., lactometer.

pèse-lettres, n.m., letter-weigher, letter-scales.

pèse-liqueur, n.m., (—, or —-—s) hydrometer.

peser, v.a., to weigh; to ponder, to consider, to estimate. — les raisons de quelqu’un; to weigh any one’s arguments. — ses paroles; to weigh one’s words.

peser, v.n., to weigh, to be of weight, to be heavy; to hang upon; to bear upon; to lean, to lie heavy; to be a burden; to dwell upon. Viande qui pèse sur l’estomac; meat that lies heavy upon the stomach. Cela me pèse sur le cœur; that lies heavy upon my heart. — sur un levier; to bear upon a lever.

pesette, n.f., assay-scales.

peseur, n.m., weigher.

peson, n.m., steelyard.

pessaire, n.m., (med.) pessary.

pesse, n.f., (bot.) mare’s tail.

pessimisme, n.m., pessimism.

pessimiste, n.m., pessimist.

peste, n.f., plague, pestilence, pest, torment; bore, nuisance; stench. La flatterie est la — des cours; flattery is the plague of courts. — soit du fou! plague on the fool! — soit de! out upon!

peste, adj., sly, arch.

peste! int., plague on it! the deuce! by Jove! hang it! bless me! indeed!

pester, v.n., to inveigh against, to bluster, to storm, to rave. Il peste contre ses juges; he rails, (swears) at his judges. — entre chair et cuir; to fret and fume in secret.

pestifère, adj., (l.u.) pestiferous, pestilential.

pestiféré, -e, n. and adj., person infected with the plague; plague-stricken.

pestilence, n.f., pestilence.

pestilent, -e, adj., pestilential.

pestilentiel, -le (-ci-èl), adj., pestilential, infectious, contagious.

pet, n.m., (l.ex.) fart, wind. Un — de nonne; apple-fritter.

pétale, n.m., (bot.) petal, flower-leaf.

pétalé, -e, adj., (bot.) petalous, petaled.

pétalisme, n.m., (antiq.) petalism.

pétalite, n.f., petalite.

pétaloide, adj., petaloid.

pétarade, n.f., (of animals) farting; trumpeting with the mouth; cracking; noise of crackers.

pétard, n.m., (milit.) petard; (fireworks) cracker.

pétarder, v.a., to blow up with a petard.

pétardier, n.m., one who makes petards.

pétase, n.m., (antiq.) petasus; broad-brimmed hat.

pétaud, n.m. C’est la cour du roi —; it is Bedlam broken loose; Dover court.

pétaudière, n.f., bear-garden, tumultuous assembly.

pétéchial, -e, adj., (med.) petechial. Fièvre —e; petechial fever.

pétéchies, n.f.pl., (med.) petechiæ.

pet-en-l’air, n.m., (—) man’s short morning gown.

péter, v.n., (l.ex.) to burst; to break, to snap; to crackle, to crack; to bounce; to fart, to break wind; (of fire-arms) to explode, to burst.

péteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., (l.ex.) sorry fellow, milksop.

*pétillant, -e, adj., crackling, sparkling.

*pétillement, n.m., crackling, sparkling.

*pétiller, v.n., to crackle; to sparkle; to long to do a thing, to be eager to. Son ouvrage pétille d’esprit; his work sparkles with wit. Ses yeux pétillent; his eyes sparkle. — d’impatience; to boil over with impatience.

pétiolaire (-ci-), adj., (bot.) petiolary.

pétiole (-ci-), n.m., (bot.) petiole, leaf-stalk.

pétiolé, -e (-ci-), adj., (bot.) petiolate.

petiot, -e, n. and adj., tiny, wee; little fellow, little one; darling.

petit, -e, adj., little, small, diminutive, short, unimportant, petty, slight, trifling; light; faint; grand (of one’s children’s children). —-fils (—s-—); grandson. Un — homme; a little man. Un homme —; a mean man. Un — roi; a petty king. Le — peuple; the common people. Le — monde; the common people. —e guerre. V. guerre. — collet; young clergyman. —e vérole; small-pox. De la —e bière; small-beer. — à —; by degrees. —-maître, (—s-—s) coxcomb. —e-maîtresse, (—s-—s) belle; vain, foppish woman. — à — l’oiseau fait son nid; small strokes fell great oaks. Les —s ruisseaux font les grandes rivières; many a little makes a mickle. En —, au — pied; in miniature, on a small scale. En — pays; in a small way. Être aux —s soins pour; to be all attention to. — mercier — panier; (prov.) small positions for small brains.

petit, n.m., -e, n.f., little child; little one; dear, darling; young one; whelp, pup, kitten, cub. Les petits; (at school) the junior boys. Les —s d’une chienne; the pups of a bitch. Les —s d’une truie; the litter of a sow. Faire des —s; to bring forth young ones. Pauvre —; poor little fellow or chap.

petitement (pĕtit-mān), adv., in a small way; little; slenderly, meanly, poorly. Il est logé —; he has modest lodgings, he is cramped for room.

petite-oie, n.f., (n.p.) (cook.) giblets; ☉stockings, gloves, hat and other minor parts of clothing; ☉minor tokens of love.

petitesse, n.f., smallness, littleness, shortness, insignificance; meanness, shabbiness; shallowness, narrowness. — d’âme; meanness of soul. — d’esprit; narrowness of mind. C’est une — de sa part; it is a piece of meanness on his part.

petit-gris, n.m., (—s-—) minever, Siberian squirrel.

pétition, n.f., petition, memorial, request. Faire une —; to draw up, to address, a petition. Faire présenter une —; to petition, to memorialize. — de principe; (log.) petitio principii, begging the question.

pétitionnaire, n.m.f., petitioner, applicant.

pétitionnement, n.m., petitioning, memorializing.

pétitionner, v.n., to make a request, to petition, to memorialize.

pétitoire, adj., (jur.) petitory (claiming the right of property in real estate).

pétitoire, n.m., (jur.) claim of ownership.

peton, n.m., foot (of children); tiny foot.

pétoncle, n.m., (conch.) scallop.

pétreau, n.m., (gard.) sucker (of a tree).

pétrée, adj.f., (geog.) stony. [Only used in Arabie —; Arabia Petræa.]

pétrel, n.m., (orni.) petrel.

pétreu-x, -se, adj., (anat.) stone-like; rocky, stony.

pétri, -e, part., kneaded. C’est un homme tout — de salpêtre; he is a passionate or violent-tempered man. — d’ignorance; steeped in ignorance.

pétrifiant, -e, adj., petrifying.

pétrification, n.f., petrifaction, petrification.

pétrifier, v.a., to petrify.

se pétrifier, v.r., to petrify, to turn into stone.

pétrin, n.m., kneading-trough; scrape, hobble, pickle; hot-water. Se mettre dans le —; to get into hot-water, into a scrape. Un — impossible; terrible, indescribable disorder, confusion.

pétrir, v.a., to knead, to mold, to form.

pétrissable, adj., that can be kneaded; (fig.) yielding, pliant, submissive, obedient, easily led.

pétrissage, n.m., kneading, working, forming.

pétrisseur, n.m., -se, n.f., kneader, journeyman-baker. — mécanique; kneading machine.

pétrole, n.m., petroleum, rock-oil.

pétroleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., miscreant who commits arson by means of petroleum (as in France under the Commune).

pétrosilex (-lèks), n.m., (min.) petrosilex.

in petto (i-n pèt-to), adv., in petto, secretly, inwardly.

pétulamment (-la-mān), adv., petulantly.

pétulance, n.f., petulance, petulancy.

pétulant, -e, adj., petulant; saucy, frisky.

☉petun, n.m., tobacco, snuff.

☉petuner, v.n., to take snuff; to smoke.

pétunia, n.m., (bot.) petunia.

pétunsé or pétunzé, n.m., petunse, china-stone.

peu, adv., little, not much, few, not many. — ou point; little or nothing. Ni — ni point; none at all. — d’argent; little money. — d’hommes; few men. — aimable; not very amiable. Fort —; very little. Quelque —; a little. Si — que; however little. Si — que rien; next to nothing. Tant soit —; ever so little. — à —; by degrees. Dans —, dans — de temps; in a little or short time. Dans — de jours; in a few days. À — près, à — de chose près; nearly about, within a trifle. Attendez un —; wait a little. Imaginez un —! just fancy! Pour — que; if only ... if at all ... if ... ever so little.

peu, n.m., little, few. Le — que je vaux; the little (that) I am worth. Encore un —; a little longer; a little more. Se contenter de —; to be contented with little. Vivre de —; to live on next to nothing.

peulvan or peulven, n.m., (archæol.) menhir.

peuplade, n.f., colony; tribe; horde.

peuple, adj., (l.u.) vulgar, common.

peuplé, -e, adj., peopled; stocked; planted (with); filled (with).

peuple, n.m., people, nation, race, tribe; multitude, crowd, citizens, working classes, lower classes; vulgar; fry (fish); sucker (of a plant); ☉(bot.) poplar; (techn.) deal-wood. Le menu —, le bas —, le petit —; the common people. La lie du —; the scum of the people. Mettre du — dans un étang; to stock a pond with fry.

peuplement, n.m., peopling; stocking a poultry-yard, a pond; planting new trees.

peupler, v.a., to people, to populate; to stock with inhabitants; to stock with animals; to plant, to propagate; to breed.

se peupler, v.r., to become peopled.

peupler, v.n., to multiply, to breed.

peuplier, n.m., poplar.

peur, n.f., fear, fright; dread, terror. Avoir —; to be afraid. Avoir grand’peur; to be in great fear. Mourir de —; to be frightened to death, to die of fright. Faire — à quelqu’un; to frighten any one. Sans —; fearless. En être quitte pour la —; to get off with the fright; to be merely frightened. Avoir — de son ombre; to be afraid of one’s shadow. Être mis à faire —; to look a fright. Avoir plus de — que de mal; to be more frightened than hurt. De — de; for fear of. De — que; lest, for fear that. De — qu’il ne le sache; lest he should know it.

peureu-x, -se, adj., fearful, timid, timorous.

peut-être, adj., perhaps, may be, perchance, peradventure. — viendra-t-il, — qu’il viendra; perhaps he will come. — que oui; perhaps so.

peut-être, n.m., perhaps, supposition. Il n’y a pas de —; there is no perhaps in the matter.

phaéton, n.m., phaeton, (fam.) Jehu, driver.

phagédénique, adj., (med.) phagedenic.

phagédénisme, n.m., (med.) phagedena.

phalange, n.f., phalanx, battalion, band; force, host; (anat.) phalanx.

phalanger, n.m., (mam.) phalanger.

phalangite, n.m., soldier of a phalanx.

phalanstère, n.m., phalanstery.

phalanstérien, -ne (-in, -è-n), n. and adj., phalansterian.

phalaris (-ris), n.m., (bot.) phalaris, canary grass.

phalarope, n.m., (orni.) phalarope.

phalène, n.f., (ent.) moth.

phaleuce or phaleuque, n.m. and adj., (Gr. and Lat. poet.) hendecasyllable; hendecasyllabic.

phallique, adj., phallic.

phanérogame, n.f. and adj., (bot.) phanerogamic plant; phanerogamous.

phantaisie, n.f. V. fantaisie.

phantasmagorie, n.f. V. fantasmagorie.

phantasmagorique, adj. V. fantasmagorique.

pharaon, n.m., Pharaoh.

pharaon, n.m., faro, pharaon (card game).

pharaonique, adj., Pharaonic.

phare, n.m., light-house, beacon, beacon-light. — flottant; light-ship.

*pharillon, n.m., lantern (used by fishermen to attract fish at night).

pharisaïque, adj., Pharisaic, Pharisaical.

pharisaïsme, n.m., Pharisaism.

pharisien (-zi-in), n.m., -ne (-zi-è-n), n.f., Pharisee.

pharmaceutique, n.f. and adj., pharmaceutics; pharmaceutical.

pharmacie, n.f., pharmacy; chemist’s shop; apothecary’s shop, apothecary’s business; medicine chest; dispensary. — domestique; medicine chest.

pharmacien (-in), n.m., apothecary; chemist and druggist.

pharmacologie, n.f., pharmacology.

pharmacologique, adj., relating to pharmacology.

pharmacopée, n.f., pharmacopœia.

pharmacopole, n.m., (jest.) pharmacopolist; vendor of drugs.

pharyngite, n.f., (med.) pharyngitis.

pharynx, n.m., pharynx.

phase, n.f., phase, phasis; aspect; stage, period, turn.

phaséole, n.f. V. faséole.

phébé, n.f., (poet.) the moon.

phébus (-bûs), n.m., (myth.) Phœbus; (fig.) ranter, fine talker; bombast, fustian. Parler —; to talk fustian, to rant. Donner dans le —; to write fustian.

phénicien, -ne (-ci-in, -ci-è-n), n. and adj., Phœnician.

phénicoptère, n.m., (orni.) phenicopter, flamingo.

phénique, adj., (chem.) carbolic, phenic.

phénix (fé-niks), n.m., phenix, fabulous bird; (astron.) Phenix. C’est un —; he is a very marvel.

phénol, n.m., phenol.

phénoménal, -e, adj., phenomenal.

phénomène, n.m., phenomenon. C’est un — que de vous voir ici; it is quite a miracle, a wonder, to see you here.

phil- or philo-, a prefix from Gr. φίλος.

philanthrope, n.m., philanthropist.

philanthropie, n.f., philanthropy.

philanthropique, adj., philanthropic.

philharmonique, adj., philharmonic.

philhellène, n.m.f., philhellenist.

philinte, n.m., (fig.) everybody’s friend.

philippique, n.f., philippic.

philistin, n.m., philistine; (fig.) snob, cockney, vulgar fellow.

phillyrée, n.f., (bot.) phillyrea.

philologie, n.f., philology.

philologique, adj., philological.

philologue, n.m., philologist.

philomathique, adj., philomathic.

philomèle, n.f., (poet.) philomela (the nightingale).

philosophale, adj.f., philosopher’s. Pierre —; philosopher’s stone.

philosophe, n.m., philosopher.

philosopher, v.n., to philosophize.

philosophie, n.f., philosophy; (print.) small pica; sixth form (in French public-schools).

philosophique, adj., philosophical.

philosophiquement (-fik-mān), adv., philosophically.

philosophisme, n.m., philosophism.

philosophiste, n.m., philosophist.

philotechnique (-tèk-nik), adj., philotechnic.

philtre, n.m., philter.

phimosis (-zis), n.m., (med.) phimosis.

phlébite, n.f., (med.) phlebitic.

phlébotome, n.m., (surg.) lancet (for bleeding).

phlébotomie, n.f., phlebotomy.

phlébotomiser, v.a., to phlebotomize.

phlébotomiste, n.m., phlebotomist.

phlegmagogue, adj., expectorant.

phlegmasie, n.f., phlegmasy.

phlegmatique, adj. V. flegmatique.

phlegme, n.m. V. flegme.

phlegmon, n.m., (med.) phlegmon.

phlegmoneu-x, -se, adj., (med.) phlegmonous.

☉phlogistique, n.m., (chem.) phlogiston.

phlogose, n.f., (med.) inflammation.

phlox, n.m., (bot.) phlox.

phlyctène, n.f., (med.) bulla, blister.

phœnicure, n.m., (orni.) red-start, red-tail.

pholade, n.f., (conch.) pholas.

phonétique, adj., phonetic.

phonique, n.f. and adj., phonics; phonic.

phonograph, n.m., phonograph; (pers.) phonographer.

phonographie, n.f., phonography.

photographique, adj., phonographical.

phonolithe, n.m., (min.) phonolite.

phonologie, n.f., phonology.

phonomètre, n.m., (phys.) phonometer (to measure the intensity of sound).

phoque, n.m., (mam.) phoca, seal, sea-dog.

phormion or phormione, n.m., (bot.) phormium.

phosphate, n.m., (chem.) phosphate.

phosphite, n.m., (chem.) phosphite.

phosphore, n.m., phosphorus.

phosphorescence, n.f., phosphorescence.

phosphorescent, -e, adj., phosphorescent.

phosphoreux, adj., phosphorous.

phosphorique, adj., phosphoric.

phosphure, n.m., phosphuret.

phosphuré, -e, adj., phosphureted.

photographe, n.m., photographist, photographer.

photographie, n.f., photography, photograph.

photographier, v.a., to photograph.

photographique, adj., photographic.

photolithographie, n.f., photolithography.

photomètre, n.m., (phys.) photometer.

photométrie, n.f., photometry.

photométrique, adj., photometric.

photophobie, n.f., (med.) photophobia.

photosphère, n.f., (astron.) photosphere.

phrasaire, n.m., phrase-book.

phrase, n.f., phrase, sentence, affected style, empty talk, twaddle. — faite; idiomatic phrase. Faire des —s; to talk in set phrases. — toute faite; common-place, common topic. Membre de —; clause.

phrasé, -e, part. adj., phrased.

phraséologie, n.f., phraseology.

phraser, v.a. and n., (mus.) to mark the phrases; to form phrases, to phrase.

phraseur or phrasier, n.m., (fam.) phraseologist; prolix, verbose, tedious writer or talker, twaddler; bombastic writer.

phrénésie, phrénétique. V. frénésie, frénétique.

phrénique, adj., (anat.) phrenic.

phrénologie, n.f., phrenology.

phrénologique, adj., phrenologic.

phrénologiste or phrénologue, n.m., phrenologist.

phrygien, -ne, adj., phrygian. Bonnet —; phrygian cap (the cap of Liberty). Mode —; (mus.) warlike music (in use among the ancient Greeks).

phtiriasis, n.f., (med.) pedicular disease.

phtisie, n.f., (med.) phthisis, consumption. Être atteint de la —; to be in consumption, to be consumptive.

phtisique, n.m.f. and adj., consumptive person, person in consumption; phthisical, consumptive.

phylactère, n.m., phylactery.

phylarque, n.m., (antiq.) phylarch.

phyllithe, n.m., phyllite.

phylloxera, n.m., (—) (ent., agri.) phylloxera.

physicien (-in), n.m., natural philosopher.

physico-mathématique, adj., physico-mathematical.

physiocrate, n.m., economist (one who believes that wealth is founded upon agriculture).

physiognomonie, n.f., physiognomy (art).

physiognomonique, adj., physiognomic.

physiographe, n.m., physiographer.

physiographie, n.f., physiography.

physiographique, adj., physiographical.

physiologie, n.f., physiology.

physiologique, adj., physiological.

physiologiste, n.m., physiologist.

physionomie, n.f., physiognomy, countenance, aspect, look; physiognomy (art).

physionomiste, n.m., physiognomist.

physique, n.f., physics, natural philosophy.

physique, adj., physical, material, bodily; absolute, real.

physique, n.m., physique, natural constitution of a man; outward appearance.

physiquement (fi-zik-mān), adv., physically, bodily.

phytographie, n.f., phytography.

phytolithe, n.m., phytolite, petrified plant.

phytologie, n.f., phytology.

piaculaire, adj., expiatory.

☉piaffe, n.f., ostentation; show, dash.

piaffer, v.n., (man.) to paw the ground, to prance (of horses); ☉to make a show, to cut a dash.

piaffeur, n.m. and adj., pawer, prancer, pawing the ground (of horses); (fig.) showy or dashy person.

*piailler, v.n., to bawl, to squall, to scold; to rant. Des enfants qui piaillent toujours; children constantly screaming, squalling brats.

*piaillerie, n.f., bawling, squalling.

*piailleu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., scold; squaller, bawler, bawling man or woman.

pian, n.m., (med.) yaws.

pianino, n.m., (—s) upright piano.

pianissimo, adv., very softly.

pianiste, n.m.f., pianist.

piano, adv., (mus.) piano, softly.

piano (—s) or piano-forte (—s-—) or forte-piano (—-—s), n.m., piano-forte. — à queue; grand piano. — carré; square piano, cottage piano. — droit; upright or cottage piano. Jouer du —; to play on the piano.

piast or piaste, n.m., Polish nobleman.

piastre, n.f., piaster (coin).

piaulard, piauleur, n.m., puler, whiner.

piaulement, n.m., whining, puling.

piauler, v.n., to pule, to whine; (of chickens) to pip.

pible, n.m., (nav.) pole. Mât à —; pole-mast.

pic, n.m., pick, pickax; (nav.) gaff; (orni.) woodpecker; peak (of a mountain); pique (at the game of piquet). À —; perpendicularly; (nav.) apeak; (pop.) just in time.

pica, n.m., (med.) pica.

picador, n.m., (—s) picador.

picard, -e, n. and adj., Picardian; (fig.) cunning, cautious fellow; artful dodger.

picholine, n. and adj. f., pickled olive; pickled.

☉picorée, n.f., marauding, pilfering, plundering. Aller à la —; to go a plundering, to go out marauding.

picorer, v.n., ☉to go out marauding, plundering; (fig.) to plagiarize, to crib.

picoreur, n.m., ☉marauder; plagiarist, cribber.

picot, n.m., splinter (of wood); purl (of lace).

picoté, -e, part., pricked, marked. Il est — de petite vérole; he is pitted with small-pox.

picotelle, n.f., (orni.) nut-hatch.

picotement (pi-kot-mān), n.m., pricking, tingling, itching.

picoter, v.a., to prick, to tingle; to provoke, to tease; to peck (of birds); (man.) to touch (gently) with the spur.

se picoter, v.r., to tease, to irritate, to torment, one another.

picoterie (pi-ko-trî), n.f., (fam.) teasing, bickering.

picotin, n.m., peck (of oats).

picrate, n.m., (chem.) carbazotate, picrate.

picrique, adj., (chem.) carbazotic, picric.

pic-vert, n.m., (—s-—s). V. pivert.

pie, n.f., (orni.) magpie, pie. —-grièche, (—s-—s) shrike; shrew, vixen. Elle jase comme une —; she chatters like a magpie. Il croit avoir trouvé la — au nid; he thinks he has made a great discovery; he has found a mare’s nest.

pie, adj., (l.u.) pious, charitable; (of horses) piebald.

pièce, n.f., piece, length, fragment, trick; play, performance; document, paper; head (of cattle, of poultry, game); apartment; puncheon, cask (of oil, wine, etc.); piece of ordnance, cannon; document; joint (of cooked meat). Mettre en —s; to pull, to tear, to pieces. Être armé de toutes —s; to be armed at all points. Faire de toutes —s; to do a thing entirely, to carry anything through. Emporter la —; to sting to the quick, to strike home. Rassemblage de —s; patchwork. — de vin; puncheon of wine. En —; in the cask, in the wood. — d’eau; sheet of water. Une — d’artillerie; a piece of ordnance. —s de campagne; field-pieces. —s de batterie; heavy ordnance. — de théâtre; play. Être bien près de ses —s; to have very little money. Tout d’une —; all of a piece; (of persons) bolt upright. Jouer une — à quelqu’un; to play any one a trick. Accommoder, habiller de toutes —s; to abuse soundly, to rate, to treat ill, to fall foul of. Travailler à l’emporte —; to work by fits and starts, feverishly, to scamp work. Une bonne —; a cunning blade. Donnez la —; to tip. — de résistance; principal dish, joint. — justificative; voucher. — de conviction; material, circumstantial evidence. — à —; bit by bit. Tant la —; so much a piece, a cask. Travailler à ses —s; to work by the job.

piécette, n.f., small Spanish silver coin, peseta.

pied (pié), n.m., foot; footing; track; leg (of furniture); bottom, ground; pace, slip, track; stalk (of plants). Les doigts du —; the toes. — bot; club-foot, club-footed. Avoir des cors aux —s; to have corns on one’s feet. Le cou-de-—, (—s-—) the instep. Marcher sur la pointe du —; to walk on tip-toe. Un coup de —; a kick. Donner des coups de — à; to kick. Aller à —; to go on foot. Sur —; on foot, standing, astir, sitting up. Taper du —; to stamp. Marcher —s nus; to walk barefooted. Mettre sous ses —s; to trample upon. Les —s de devant; the fore-feet. Petits-—s, (—) small fowl, small game. — plat, plat —; flat foot; (fig.) knave, mean rascal. — poudreux; vagabond, rascal, scoundrel. Une coutume qui prend —; a custom that is gaining ground. Perdre —; to get out of one’s depth. Avoir —; not to be out of one’s depth. —s et poings liés; tied hand and foot. Lâcher —; to give way, to fall back. Prendre — sur quelque chose; to take anything as a precedent. Ne savoir sur quel — danser; not to know which way to turn. Sauter à —s joints; to jump upon; (fig.) to ride rough-shod over. Tenir le — sur la gorge de quelqu’un; to attempt to force any one to do anything. Tenir — à boule; to stick to one’s work. Couper l’herbe sous le — à quelqu’un; to supplant any one. Il a été sur — toute la nuit; he has been up all night. De — en cap; cap-a-pie, from head to foot. Haut le —; be off with you; let us be off at once! Faire haut le —; to vanish, to disappear; to run away. Haut-le-—, (—) (fam.) a man with no fixed residence; a scoundrel. Renvoyer des chevaux haut le —; to send horses away without saddles or harness. Au — de la lettre; strictly speaking, literally. Si vous lui donnez un —, il en prendra quatre; give him an inch and he’ll take an ell. Il a trouvé chaussure à son —; he has found just what he wanted; he has met with his match. Il s’est tiré une épine du —; he pulled a thorn out of his foot; (fig.) he has got out of a difficulty. Être en —; to be in the exercise of one’s functions. De — ferme; without stirring, firmly. De plain —; on a level with. Être assis au — d’un arbre; to be seated at the foot of a tree. Un — de céleri; a stick of celery. Le — du lit; the foot of the bed. Le — d’une table; the leg of a table. — de mât; heel of a mast. Cela a tant de —s de long; that is so many feet long. — à —; step by step; by degrees. Sur le — de; at the rate of. D’arrache-—; without intermission, without stopping. Au petit —; on a small scale. Faire des —s et des mains pour; to do one’s utmost (to), to leave no stone unturned (to). Sur le — où en sont les choses; as matters stand. Avoir bon —, bon œil; to be hale and hearty. Mettre quelqu’un à —; to dismiss a functionary; to deprive a cabman of his license. Ne pas se moucher du —; to give one’s self airs; to be no fool. Sécher sur —; to pine away. La mort l’a pris au — levé; death took him without warning, unawares. Aller du — comme un chat maigre; to be a capital walker.

pied-à-terre, n.m., (—) temporary lodging; country-box; shooting lodge.

pied-d’alouette, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) larkspur.

pied-de-coq, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) cock’s-foot-grass.

pied-de-lion, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) lion’s-foot.

pied-de-poule, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) crowfoot.

pied-de-veau, n.m., (—s-—) calf’s foot; (bot.) cuckoo-pint, wake-robin.

pied-d’oiseau, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) bird’s-foot.

pied-droit, n.m., (—s-—s) (arch.) pier; pied droit, upright, pillar.

piédestal, n.m., (arch.) pedestal.

pied-fort, n.m., (—s-—s) (coin.) a gold, silver, or copper coin (thicker than others).

piédouche, n.m., (arch.) piedouche, small pedestal for a bust, a vase, etc.

piège, n.m., snare, trap, decoy. Tendre, dresser, un —; to set a snare. Prendre au —; to catch in a trap. Il a donné, il est tombé, dans le —; he fell into the snare.

pie-grièche, n.f., (—s-—s) (orni.) shrike; (pers.) shrew.

pie-mère, n.f., (n.p.) (anat.) pia mater.

*pierraille, n.f., broken stone.

pierre, n.f., stone, flint; (fig.) steel, rock; gem; (med.) calculus. — de taille; freestone. — à aiguiser; grindstone. — précieuse; gem, precious stone. — fausse; paste. — à fusil; flint. — à cautère; potential cautery. — d’achoppement; stumbling-block. — de touche; touchstone. Première —; foundation-stone. La — philosophale; the philosopher’s stone. Il gèle à — fendre; it is freezing extremely hard. Jeter la — à quelqu’un; to attack any one (in words). Jeter des —s dans le jardin de quelqu’un; to throw out insinuations against any one. — d’attente; (mas.) toothing; (fig.) stepping-stone. — angulaire; corner-stone. — d’évier; gutter-stone, kitchen-sink. — milliaire; milestone. Faire d’une — deux coups; to kill two birds with one stone. — qui roule n’amasse pas de mousse; a rolling stone gathers no moss. Faire rire un tas de —s; to make a cat laugh.

pierrée, n.f., (engineering) rubble drain.

pierreries (pièr-rî), n.f.pl., jewels, precious stones.

pierrette, n.f., little stone, pebble; (orni.) hen-sparrow.

pierreu-x, -se, n. and adj., stony, flinty, gritty, gravely; calculous.

pierrier, n.m., stone drain, swivel-gun.

pierrot, n.m., house-sparrow; clown, merry-andrew.

pierrures, n.f.pl., (hunt.) pearls; bur (of deer).

piété, n.f., piety, godliness; love, affection.

piéter, v.n., to foot the mark (at games).

piéter, v.a., ☉to set against. — l’étrave, l’étambord, le gouvernail; (nav.) to mark the numbers of feet on the stem, on the stern-post, on the rudder.

☉se piéter, v.r., to resist, to set one’s self against.

piétinement (-ti-n-mān), n.m., moving of feet; stamping, trampling.

piétiner, v.n., to stamp, to move one’s feet about. — de colère; to stamp with rage.

piétiner, v.a., to tread, or to trample, under foot, to trample on.

piétisme, n.m., pietism.

piétiste, n.m., pietist.

piéton, n.m., -ne, n.f., pedestrian, foot-passenger; rural postman.

piètre, adj., (fam.) shabby, wretched; pitiful. n., vagabond, tramp, loafer.

piètrement, adv., (fam.) pitifully, wretchedly, shabbily.

piètrerie, n.f., (l.u.) shabby thing, wretched stuff.

piette, n.f., (orni.) weasel-coot.

pieu, n.m., stake, pile, post, pale.

pieusement (pi-eûz-mān), adv., piously, devoutly, religiously; implicitly, obediently; reverently.

pieuvre, n.f., (mol.) octopus, poulp, cat-o’nine tails.

pieu-x, -se, adj., pious, godly, religious, holy.

pif, n.m., bottle-nose, nozzle. — paf; (int.) slap! bang!

piffre, n.m., -sse, n.f., (l.ex.) stout person; glutton.

se piffrer, v.r., (l.ex.) to eat greedily, or to excess.

pigamon, n.m., meadow-rue.

pigeon (-jon), n.m., pigeon, dove; dupe, gull. — culbutant; tumbler. — à grosse gorge; pouter, cropper. — ramier; wood-pigeon. — voyageur or messager; carrier-pigeon. Des —s à la crapaudine; broiled pigeons. Gorge de —; shot-colored (of silks).

pigeonneau (-jo-no), n.m., young pigeon.

pigeonnier (-jo-nié), n.m., pigeon-house, dove-cot.

pigment, n.m., (anat.) pigment.

*pigne, n.f., (metal.) pena gold, pena silver; (bot.) kernel of the fir-apple.

*pignocher, v.n., to eat without appetite, to pick here and there; to nibble at food.

*pignon, n.m., gable end, gable (of a house); kernel (of a fir-apple); (mec.) pinion. Avoir — sur rue; to have a house of one’s own.

pignorati-f, -ve, adj., (jur.) with power of redemption.

pilaire, adj., pilous, pilose, hairy.

pilastre, n.m., (arch.) pilaster.

pilau, n.m., pillaff (stewed rice).

pile, n.f., pile, heap; pier (of a bridge); mole (mas.); (arch.) tambour; (of coins) reverse, pile. Mettre en —; to pile up. — de cuivre; pile of weights. — voltaïque, — de Volta, — galvanique; voltaic, galvanic battery. — ou face, croix ou —; head or tail, man or woman. Jouer à — ou face, or à croix ou —; to play at heads or tails, to toss. N’avoir ni croix ni —; to be penniless, destitute.

pile-culée, n.f., (—s-—s) abutment-pier.

piler, v.a., to pound, to crash, to powder.

pileur, n.m., pounder, beater.

pileu-x, -se, adj. V. pilaire.

pilier, n.m., pillar, column, post; (pers.) support, supporter, fixture; constant frequenter; stump (leg). — de cabaret; tavern-haunter, regular tippler. — butant; butting pillar. — de carrière; pillar, support of a quarry.

*pillage, n.m., pillage, plunder, pilfering, plundering. Livrer au —; to give up to plunder. Tout y est au —; everything is at the mercy of any one, can be had for the taking.

*pillard, -e, n. and adj., pillager, plunderer; pillaging, plundering.

*piller, v.a., to pillage, to plunder, to ransack; to purloin, to pilfer; to attack (of dogs). — une ville; to plunder a town. Ce chien pille tous les autres chiens; that dog attacks, or flies at, all the other dogs. Pille! Pille! seize him! seize him!

*pillerie, n.f., pillage, plunder, pilfer, extortion.

*pilleur, n.m., pillager, plunderer, pilferer.

pilon, n.m., pestle; stamper. Mettre au —; to tear up (books).

pilonnage, n.m., (tech.) pugging; pounding, stamping, milling.

pilonner, v.a., (tech.) to pug; to pound, to mill, to stamp.

pilori, n.m., pillory. Mettre quelqu’un au —; (fig.) to defame anybody.

pilorier, v.a., to pillory, to put in the pillory, to slander, to libel, to asperse.

piloris, n.m., (mam.) musk-rat.

piloselle, n.f., (bot.) mouse-ear.

pilot (pi-lô), n.m., (tech.) heap of salt; pile, stake of timber.

pilotage, n.m., pile-driving, piling; (nav.) piloting.

pilote, n.m., pilot, guide. — côtier; coasting pilot. — lamaneur; coasting, harbor, river pilot. — hauturier; sea pilot.

piloter, v.a. and n., (tech.) to pile, to drive piles in.

piloter, v.a., (nav.) to pilot; (fig., fam.) to pilot, to guide, to serve as a guide.

pilotin, n.m., (nav.) pilot’s apprentice.

pilotis, n.m., piling, pile-work; stilt.

pilule, n.f., (pharm.) pill. Dorer la —; to gild the pill.

pilulier, n.m., pill-machine.

pilum, n.m., (—) (antiq.) pilum (Roman antiq.).

pimbèche, n.f., impertinent woman, saucy baggage. Quelle —! what a minx!

piment, n.m., pimento, capsicum, all-spice.

pimpant, -e, adj., natty, tidy; fine, spruce, smart, stylish.

pimprenelle, n.f., (bot.) pimpernel, burnet. — d’Afrique; honey-flower.

pin, n.m., (bot.) pine-tree, pine, Scotch fir. Pomme de —; fir-cone; fir-nut; fir-apple.

pinace, n.f. V. pinasse.

pinacle, n.m., pinnacle. Mettre quelqu’un sur le —; to praise any one to the skies. Il est sur le —; he is as high as he can go.

pinaie, n.f., pine-plantation.

pinasse or pinace, n.f., (nav.) pinnace.

pinastre, n.m., (bot.) pinaster.

pinçard, adj., wearing the shoe at the toe (of a horse).

pince, n.f., pliers, nippers; tongs; hold; gripe; crow, crowbar (lever); sharp-pointed fold (in garments); toe (of a horse’s foot); claw (of a lobster); edge (of a deer’s hoof); (surg.) forceps. Petites —s; tweezers. —s à sucre; sugar-tongs. —s d’un cheval; horse’s fore-teeth. — d’un fer à cheval; front of a horse-shoe. Prendre une bûche avec la —; to take up a log with the tongs. Être menacé de la —, craindre la —; to be in danger of being arrested, to fear arrest. Gare la —! mind you are not sent to prison! Avoir la — forte, la — rude; to have a good gripe.

pincé, -e, adj., pinched; affected, stiff, prim; thin; tight. —! caught! found out! taken in!

pinceau, n.m., pencil, brush. Trait, coup, de —; dash, stroke, of the pencil. Avoir un beau —; (paint.) to have a fine touch. — à barbe; shaving brush.

pincée, n.f., pinch.

pincelier, n.m., (paint.) dip-cup, smutch-pot.

*pince-maille, n.m., (—, or —-—s) pinch-penny, skinflint, screw.

pincement, n.m., (agri.) pinching, nipping off of the heads of buds.

pince-nez, n.m., (—) double eye-glass, folding eye-glass; folder.

pincer, v.a., to pinch, to press, to hold fast, to gripe, to bite; to nip, to nip off; to rally, to reproach; to surprise, to catch; to play (the guitar, harp); (nav.) to hug. — les petits bourgeons d’un arbre; to nip off the small buds of a tree. — de la harpe; to play upon the harp. — quelqu’un; to give any one a nip. Il pince en riant; he can nip and laugh. — le vent; (nav.) to hug or haul close to the wind. Se faire —; to get caught, to get found out, taken in.

se pincer, v.r., to pinch one’s self.

pincer, v.n., to pinch, to rally, to reproach; to play (the guitar, harp); (man.) to spur gently.

pince-sans-rire, n.m., (—) sly, malicious person; dry joker.

pincette, n.f., or pincettes, n.f.pl., tongs, tweezers, nippers. On ne le toucherait pas avec des —s; a person would not touch him with a pair of tongs.

pinchina, n.m., thick, coarse woolen cloth.

pinçon, n.m., pinch (mark).

pinçure, n.f., pinching, pinch; crease.

pindarique, adj., pindaric.

pindariser, v.n., to speak affectedly; to talk fustian, bombast; to write fustian, bombast.

pindariseur, n.m., ranter, talker of fustian, bombast; writer of fustian, bombast.

pinde, n.m., Pindus; (fig.) poets, poetry.

pinéal, -e, adj., (anat.) pineal.

pineau, n.m., black Burgundy grape.

pingouin or pinguin, n.m., (orni.) penguin; auk.

pingre, n.m. and adj., (pop.) miser, skinflint; avaricious, mean, stingy, close-fisted.

pinne or pinne marine, n.f., (mol.) pinna.

pinné, -e, adj., (bot.) pinnate, pinnated.

pinnule, n.f., pinnule, sight-vane (of instruments).

pinque, n.f., (nav.) pink.

pinson, n.m., (orni.) finch; chaffinch. Gai comme un —; as gay as a lark, as merry as a grig.

pintade, n.f., (orni.) Guinea-fowl, pearl-hen.

pintadeau, n.m., Guinea-chick.

pinte, n.f., pint (obsolete measure).

pinter, v.n., to tipple, to guzzle.

piochage, n.m., digging, working, fagging.

pioche, n.f., pickax, mattock.

piocher, v.a., to dig.

piocher, v.n., to dig; to fag, to work hard, to study hard; to fight.

piocheur, n.m., digger; hard-working student; fag, sweater.

pioler. V. piauler.

pion, n.m., pawn (at chess); man (at draughts); man without property or resources; usher (in a school). Damer le — à quelqu’un; to outdo any one.

pionce, n.f., nap, snooze, forty winks.

pioncer, v.n., to snooze, to have a nap, to have forty winks.

pionceur, n.m., snoozer, heavy sleeper.

pione, n.f. V. pivoine (bot.).

pionner, v.n., to take pawns (at chess).

pionnier, n.m., pioneer.

piot (piô), n.m., (pop.) wine.

piote, n.f., a species of gondola.

pioupiou (pioo-), n.m., (—s) (pop.) foot-soldier, tommy, worm-crusher.

pipe, n.f., pipe, tobacco-pipe; pipe (cask).

pipeau, n.m., pipe, oaten pipe, reed-pipe, shepherd’s pipe; bird-call; limed twig; snare.

pipée, n.f., bird-catching (with a bird-call); (fig.) deceit, trickery. Prendre à la —; to catch with a bird-call; (fig.) to cozen, to take in.

piper, v.a., to catch birds with a bird-call; to deceive, to trick; to dupe, to cheat; to prepare (cards); to load, to cog (dice).

piperesse, (st.e.) fem. of pipeur, q.v.

☉piperie (pi-prî), n.f., cheating (at play); deceit, trickery.

pipeu-r, -se, n. and adj., cheat, trickster (at play); cheat, deceiver; cheating, deceitful.

pipi, n.m., (triv.) urine, water. Faire —; to piddle.

pipi or pitpit, n.m., (orni.) titling, titlark, pipit.

pipoir, n.m., owl-call.

piquamment, adv., piquantly, smartly.

piquant, -e, adj., prickly, stinging; sharp, pungent; biting, nipping; cutting, keen; lively, piquant, pointed, smart. De la moutarde —e; hot mustard. Froid —; biting cold. Des mots —s; pointed words, cutting words. Il a une conversation —e; his conversation is very smart. Elle a l’air —; she has a lively, attractive, pleasing appearance.

piquant, n.m., prickle; quill (of porcupines); pungency, pith, point, fun, cream; piquancy. Le — de la chose; the point, fun, or cream of the thing.

pique, n.f., pike (weapon); pique, grudge, spite, quarrel. Bois de —; pikestaff. Demi-—; short pike. Être à cent —s de; to be miles off in guessing. Être à cent —s au-dessus, au-dessous, de quelqu’un, de quelque chose; to be far above, below, any one or anything. Petite —; slight pique, quarrel, tiff. Par —; out of pique or out of spite.

pique, n.m., spade (at cards). As de —; (fig.) parson’s or pope’s nose.

piqué, -e, part., quilted; larded. Jupon —; quilted petticoat. Poulet —; larded chicken. Cela n’est pas — des vers; it is a smart bit of work or it is not to be sneezed at.

piqué, n.m., quilting. Goût de —; (of wine) sourish taste, tartness.

pique-assiette, n.m., (—, or —-—s) spunger; dinner-hunter; trencher-friend.

pique-bœuf, n.m., (—, or —-—s) cattle-drover; (orni.) buphaga, beef-eater.

pique-nique, n.m., (—-—s) picnic. Faire un —; to have a picnic.

piquer, v.a., to prick; to prod; to goad; to sting; to puncture; to bite; to quilt; to stitch; to lard; to stick; to prick off, to mark off; to be piquant; to excite, to stimulate, to urge on, to goad on; to pique, to gall, to nettle; to spur; (surg.) to puncture. — les absents; to prick off the absent. — d’honneur; to put on (his or her) mettle. — des bœufs; to goad oxen. Quelle mouche le pique? what has put him into a passion? what’s up with him? — une jupe; to quilt a petticoat. — de la viande; to lard meat. — un cheval; to spur a horse. — la curiosité de quelqu’un; to excite or rouse any one’s curiosity. Il en fut piqué; he was nettled at it. — une tête; to take a header. — un soleil; (fam.) to get very red.

se piquer, v.r., to prick one’s self, to sting one’s self; to be offended, to be nettled, to feel affronted, to be piqued; to pride one’s self, to plume one’s self, to pique one’s self, to take a pride in; to turn sour; to become spotted. Se — d’honneur; to make it a point of honor; to think one’s self bound in honor. Se — au jeu; to persist in playing although losing. Ce papier se pique; this paper is becoming spotted, covered with spots. Ce vin se pique; this wine is turning sour. Se — de rien; to take offense at the least thing.

piquer, v.n., to sting; to be piquant; (man.) to spur. — des deux; to spur a horse (with both heels); to put spurs to one’s horse; to gallop off at full speed; (fig. fam.) to go very fast; to strive hard.

piquet, n.m., picket, peg, stake; (milit.) picket; piquet (card game); cluster of flowers (on a bonnet). Être au —; to be standing up in a corner (as a punishment in schools). Être de —; (milit.) to be on picket duty. Planter le —; to pitch the tents, to take up one’s quarters. Lever le —; to strike the tents; to decamp. Aller planter le — chez quelqu’un; to take up one’s quarters with any one.

piqueté, -e, adj., spotted, dotted.

piqueter, v.a., to set or mark with stakes or pickets; to fix.

piquette, n.f., rape wine; sour wine; thin wine.

piqueur, n.m., outrider; marker who notes down the names of persons absent; (cook.) one who lards (meat); (man.) stud-groom; (hunt.) whipper-in, huntsman. — d’assiettes; spunger. — d’écurie; head-groom. — de vins; wine-taster.

piqueu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., stitcher.

piquier, n.m., pikeman.

piqûre, n.f., pricking, prick, sting, puncture; worm-hole; (needlework) quilting, stitching; (vet.) warbles.

pirate, n.m., pirate, corsair, buccaneer; extortioner.

pirater, v.n., to pirate, to exercise piracy, to commit piracy.

piraterie (pi-ra-trî), n.f., piracy; act of piracy; extortion.

pire, adj. and n.m., worse, worst. Le remède est — que le mal; the remedy is worse than the disease. Le —; the worst. Il n’y a — sourd que celui qui ne veut pas entendre; none so deaf as those who won’t hear. Il n’y a — eau que l’eau qui dort; still waters run deep.

piriforme, adj., (anat.) pear-shaped.

pirogue (pi-rog), n.f., pirogue, canoe, jolly boat.

pirole, n.f., (bot.) wintergreen.

pirouette, n.f., pirouette; rapid whirling round; whirligig; subterfuge.

pirouetter, v.n., to pirouette; to whirl about or round.

pirrhonien, -ne, adj. V. pyrrhonien.

pirrhonisme, n.m. V. pyrrhonisme.

pis, n.m., udder, dug (of cows, etc.).

pis, adv. and n.m., worse, worst. Le — qui puisse arriver; the worst that can happen. Mettre quelqu’un au —; to bid any one do his worst. De mal en —; from bad to worse. De — en —; worse and worse. Qui — est; what is worse. Mettre les choses au —; to suppose the worst.

pis aller, n.m., worst; last shift, last resource; makeshift; compensation. Au — —; at the worst; let the worst come to the worst. C’est votre — —; it is your last shift, your last resource. C’est un — —; it is a makeshift.

piscicole, adj., piscicultural.

pisciculteur, n.m., pisciculturist.

pisciculture, n.f., pisciculture, fish culture.

pisciforme, adj., pisciform, fish-shaped.

piscine, n.f., piscina.

piscivore, adj., piscivorous.

pisé, n.m., pisé (mas.).

pissasphalte, n.m., pissasphalt.

pissat, n.m., piss, urine.

pissement (pis-mān), n.m., pissing.

pissenlit, n.m., (bot.) dandelion; pissabed.

pisser, v.a. and n., to piss; to make water.

pisseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., pisser.

pissoir, n.m., public urinal.

pissoter, v.n., to piss often.

pissotière, n.f., public urinal; paltry fountain.

pistache, n.f., pistachio, pistachio-nut.

pistachier, n.m., pistachio-tree.

piste, n.f., track, course, race-course, foot-prints, trace, trail. Suivre quelqu’un à la —; to follow on the track of any one. Suivre un lièvre à la —; to follow the scent of a hare.

pistia, n.m., (bot.) water-lettuce.

pistil, n.m., (bot.) pistil.

pistole, n.f., pistole (gold coin of Spain); lock-up (for remanded prisoners). Il est cousu de —s; he is rolling in riches, or made of money.

pistolet, n.m., pistol. Un coup de —; a pistol-shot. Tirer un coup de —; to fire off a pistol. — d’arçon; horse-pistol. Quel drôle de —! (fig. and fam.) what a funny sort of fellow!

piston, n.m., sucker, bucket (of a pump); piston. Fusil à —; percussion-gun. Tige de —; piston-rod. Cornet à —; cornet.

pitance, n.f., pittance, allowance (of food); dole; daily subsistence. Maigre —; short allowance. Aller à la —; to go to market.

pitaud, n.m., -e, n.f., clown, lubber, lout.

pite, n.f., (bot.) agave, pitahemp.

piteusement (pi-teûz-mān), adj., piteously, woefully, sadly.

piteu-x, -se, adj., piteous, pitiable, woeful. Faire —se mine; to look the picture of misery. Faire —se chère; to fare badly.

pitié, n.f., pity, compassion; mercy; contempt, disdain. Emouvoir la — de quelqu’un; to move any one’s pity. D’un œil de —; with an eye of pity. Il vaut mieux faire envie que —; better be envied than pitied. C’est grande —, c’est grand’—; it is a great pity. Vos menaces me font —; your threats excite my disdain (i.e., I despise your threats). À faire —; pitifully, wretchedly. Regarder quelqu’un en —; to take pity on, or despise, any one. Par —; for pity’s sake; out of pity. Il me fait —; I pity him or I despise him.

piton, n.m., screw-ring, staple; (geog.) peak.

pitoyable, adj., pitiful, pitiable, piteous; compassionate; contemptible, wretched.

pitoyablement, adv., pitifully, piteously; wretchedly.

pittoresque (pit-to-rèsk), adj., picturesque, graphic. n.m., picturesque, picturesqueness.

pittoresquement (pit-to-rèsk-mān), adv., picturesquely, in a picturesque manner.

pitre, n.m., clown.

pituitaire, adj., pituitary.

pituite, n.f., pituite, phlegm, mucus.

pituiteu-x, -se, adj., pituitous, phlegmatic.

pivert, n.m., (orni.) green woodpecker.

pivine, n.f., ash-gull.

pivite, n.f., peewit, lapwing.

pivoine, n.m., (orni.) bullfinch, gnat-snapper.

pivoine, n.f., (bot.) pæony, peony.

pivot, n.m., pin, spindle, pivot, hinge; (hort.) tap-root. — de meule de moulin; spindle of a mill.

pivotant, -e, adj., (bot.) tap-rooted. Racine —e; (bot.) tap-root.

pivoter, v.n., to turn on a pivot, to revolve upon, to turn.

pizzicato, n.m. and adv., (mus.) pizzicato.

placabilité, n.f., placableness, placability.

placable, adj., placable.

plaçable, adj., placeable, saleable.

placage, n.m., plating (metal.); veneering (of wood); patchwork.

plaçage, n.m., stalling (of animals); placing.

placard, n.m., placard, poster, bill; (print.) slip; cupboard (in a wall); (carp.) door-leap. Porte en —; panel-door.

placarder, v.a., to placard, to post up. — un avis au public; to post up a public notice; (fig.) to libel; to expose, to show up.

place, n.f., place, room, seat, spot, ground; post, employment, office, town, stronghold; fortress; square; room, stead. Retenir des —s; to secure seats. Mettre chaque chose à sa —; to put each thing in its place. Faire — à quelqu’un; to make room for any one. Sur —; on the spot, on the premises. En —! in your places, take your seats! Sur la —; upon the spot; (com.) in the market; on change. Il ne saurait demeurer en —; he can never stand still. Mettez-vous à ma —; put yourself in my place. Si j’étais à votre —; if I were in your place. — de confiance; place of trust. Un homme en —; a man in office. — d’armes; place of arms, stronghold, square, parade-ground. — de guerre, — forte; fortress, stronghold. La — n’est plus tenable; it is no longer possible to remain. Demeurer, or rester, sur la —; to be left dead on the spot, on the field. Qui va à la chasse, perd sa —; if you leave your place, you lose it. — de fiacres; hackney-coach stand. Une voiture de —; a hackney-coach. La tête, la fin, de la —; the top, the bottom, of the stand. Avoir crédit sur la —; (com.) to have credit (in the market, on change). — marchande; place good for trade, trading town. Se faire —; to make one’s way. Faire la —; (com.) to solicit orders, to canvass. —! make room! make way!

placé, -e, part., placed. Il est bien —; he has a good place, situation. Il a le cœur bien —; his heart is in the right place. Cela n’est pas bien —; that is ill-timed. Haut —; in a high position.

placement (plas-mān), n.m., placing; (com.) sale; putting out, investing, investment (money). Bureau de —; intelligence-office; registry-office (for servants).

placenta (-sin-ta), n.m., (anat., bot.) placenta.

placentaire, adj., placentary, placental.

placer, n.m., (—s) (gold digging) placer.

placer, v.a., to place, to put, to seat, to get a situation for, to find a place for; to introduce (goods); to dispose, to set, to invest, to deposit, to lodge. — de l’argent à la banque; to lodge money in the bank. — de l’argent sur l’Etat; to invest money in the funds. Il place bien ce qu’il dit; what he says is to the purpose. — quelqu’un; to get any one a place.

se placer, v.r., to place one’s self; to obtain a situation; to be sold, to sell.

placet, n.m., petition.

placeu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., placer; registry office keeper.

placide, adj., placid, calm, unruffled.

placidement, adv., placidly, calmly.

placidité, n.f., placidity, placidness; calmness.

placi-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., outdoor clerk, under-letter (of standings); (com.) town traveler, agent.

plafond, n.m., ceiling. — en voussure; cove, coving. — en corniche; soffit.

plafonnage, n.m., ceiling (action, work).

plafonner, v.a., to ceil, to make a ceiling.

plafonneur, n.m., plasterer.

plagal, adj., (mus.) plagal.

plage, n.f., beach, strand, shore, seashore. — de sable; sandy beach. Vaisseau jeté sur la —; ship stranded on the beach.

plagiaire, n.m., plagiarist.

plagiat, n.m., plagiarism.

☉plaid, n.m., plea, pleading, hearing. Être sage au retour des —s; to be wise after the event. Chefs —s; chief-pleas (court of).

plaid (plè), n.m., plaid, traveling rug.

plaidable, adj., pleadable.

plaidant, adj., pleading, litigant. Avocat —; barrister, pleader.

plaider, v.a., to plead, to argue, to allege; to intercede (for); to be at law, to litigate. — quelqu’un; to sue any one at law. — le faux pour savoir le vrai; to allege what is false to get at the truth. Plaidez ma cause; intercede for me.

plaider, v.n., to plead; to be at law, to go to law. Se —, v.r., to be pleaded or argued. La cause se plaide aujourd’hui; the case comes on for hearing to-day.

plaideu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., litigant, suitor.

plaidoirie, n.f., barrister’s, counsel’s speech; address. pl., pleadings.

plaidoyer, n.m., speech for the defense, counsel’s address. pl., pleadings.

plaie, n.f., sore, wound; plague, evil. Panser une —; to dress a sore or wound. — envenimée; rankling sore. Mettre le doigt sur la —; to point out the evil. Ne demander que — et bosse; to be bent on quarreling, to be always ready for a row.

plaignant, -e, n. and adj., (jur.) complainant, plaintiff, prosecutor; complaining.

plain, -e, adj., plain, even, flat, level. En —e campagne; in open country. Chambres de —-pied, —-pied (—); rooms on one floor. —-chant, (n.p.) plain chant. Cela va de — pied; that comes as a matter of course; it is all plain sailing.

plaindre (plaignant, plaint), v.a., to pity, to compassionate, to commiserate; to grudge. Je vous plains; I pity you. Il est à —; he is to be pitied. — sa peine; to grudge one’s pains. — le pain qu’ils mangent; to grudge the very bread they eat. Il ne plaint rien à ses enfants; he begrudges his children nothing.

se plaindre, v.r., to complain, to groan, to moan; to grudge one’s self. J’ai bien lieu de me plaindre de vous; I have good reason to complain of you. — en justice; to lodge a complaint in court.

plaine, n.f., plain, level, lea, common, heath.

plainte, n.f., complaint, action, plaint; groaning, lamentation; wailing. Porter —; to lodge a complaint.

plainti-f, -ve, adj., plaintive, querulous, complaining, doleful, mournful, sad.

plaintivement (-tiv-mān), adv., plaintively, mournfully, dolefully, sadly.

plaire (plaisant, plu), v.n., to please, to be agreeable; to delight, to suit. — à quelqu’un; to please any one. Cela vous plaît à dire; you are pleased to say so. Plaît-il? what do you say; beg pardon! Je ferai ce qu’il vous plaira; I will do what you please. Il ne me plaît pas que vous y alliez; I do not like your going there. Si cela ne vous plaît pas; if you are averse to it. Plût à Dieu; would to God. À Dieu ne plaise; God forbid.

se plaire, v.r., to delight in, to take pleasure in; to like, to love; to be pleased with, to take to; to flatter one’s self; to thrive. Il se plaît à faire du mal; he delights in doing mischief.

plaisamment (plè-za-mān), adv., humorously, pleasantly; ludicrously, laughably, amusingly.

plaisance, n.f., pleasure. Maison de —; villa, country seat. Bateau de —; pleasure boat. Lieu de —; pleasant retreat.

plaisant, -e, adj., pleasant; humorous, ludicrous, amusing, droll, funny, comical, pretty; odd, strange; singular, curious. C’est le plus — homme du monde; he is the most amusing fellow alive. Ce sont de —es gens; (iron.) they are impertinent people. Il vous a fait un — régal; he entertained you right royally. C’est un — personnage; he is a ridiculous fellow.

plaisant, n.m., jester; humor, fun, ludicrousness. Il fait le —; he tries to be funny. Un mauvais —; a sorry jester, a humbug. Le — de l’aventure; the laughable part of the adventure.

plaisanter, v.a., to joke, to banter, to jeer, to make fun of.

plaisanter, v.n., to jest, to joke, to make merry. Il plaisante sur tout; he jests about everything. C’est un homme qui ne plaisante pas; he is not a man to be trifled with. Il ne plaisante pas là-dessus; he is in downright earnest in the matter. En plaisantant; in jest, by way of a joke, jestingly.

plaisanterie (plè-zan-trî), n.f., pleasantry, jesting, joking, jest, joke; mockery; mere farce. — de bon ton, de mauvais ton; genteel, vulgar, pleasantry. — légère, piquante; light, pointed, pleasantry. Cela est dit par —; that is said in jest, by way of a joke. — à part; jesting aside. Il sait manier, il manie bien, la —; he is a good hand at a joke. Une bonne plaisanterie mérite les honneurs du bis; a good story will bear repetition.

plaisir, n.m., pleasure, delight, joy; recreation, diversion, sport, entertainment; will, consent, approbation; favor, courtesy, kindness, good turn. Se faire un — de; to take pleasure in, to be pleased to. Se faire un — de son devoir; to delight in doing one’s duty. Prendre — à quelque chose; to delight in anything. Cela fait — à voir; that is a pleasant sight. Nul — sans peine; no joy without alloy. La peine passe le —; the pain exceeds the pleasure. Partie de —; pleasure party, picnic. Jouer pour le —, pour son —; to play for love, for diversion. Menus —s; pocket-money. Faites-moi le —; do me the favor. À —; carefully; at one’s ease; gratuitously; designedly. Un conte fait or inventé à —; a made-up story, a gratuitous tale, a lie. Par —; for pastime, for sport; (fam., l.u.) by way of trial. Au —! good-bye! Faire —; to give pleasure, to oblige; to be pleasing.

plan, n.m., plane; plan, draught, design, model; scheme, project; ground, perspective. — incliné; inclined plane. Premier —; foreground. Arrière-—, (—-—s) (paint.) background. — d’arrimage; (nav.) tier. — de niveau; datum line. — horizontal; ground-plan. Lever de —s; surveying. Faire le — de; to survey. — à vue d’oiseau; bird’s-eye view. — en relief; plan in relief. Lever un —; to take a plan of. Faire l’élévation d’un —; to give a raised plan of. Réléguer au second —; to put into the background.

plan, -e, adj., even, plain, level, flat.

planche, n.f., board, plank; (engr.) plate; (gard.) bed, border. —s d’un bateau; planks, ribs, of a boat. — à bouteilles; bottle-rack. Faire la —; to float on one’s back. Monter sur les —s; to tread the boards. S’appuyer sur une — pourrie; to lean upon a rotten staff. Faire la — aux autres; to show others the way. — à débarquer; gangway of a boat. — de salut; sheet anchor. Jour de —; (com.) working day.

planchéiage, n.m., boarding, planking, flooring.

planchéier, v.a., to plank, to floor, to board (with planks).

planchéieur, n.m., floor-layer.

plancher, n.m., floor; ceiling; (nav.) stage. — parqueté; inlaid, wooden floor. — carrelé; brick, stone floor. Frotter un —; to scrub, or polish, a floor. Le — des vaches; dry land, terrâ firma. Sauter au —; to jump to the ceiling; (fig.) to be driven mad.

planchette, n.f., little board; (math.) plane table.

plançon or plantard, n.m., sapling; slip, twig, shoot (of willow, etc.).

plane, n.m. V. platane.

plane, n.f., draw-knife; turning chisel; spoke-shave.

planer, v.n., to hover, to tower; to soar; to look down (from on high). Un milan qui plane; a kite hovering. — sur les difficultés; to soar above difficulties (i.e., to overcome them).

planer, v.a., to make smooth, to plane, to planish. — un morceau de bois; to plane a piece of wood. — le cuivre; to beat copper smooth. — une peau; to strip the wool off a skin.

planétaire, adj., planetary.

planétaire, n.m., planetarium, orrery.

planète, n.f., planet, star.

planeur, n.m., (manu.) planisher.

planimétrie, n.f., (geom.) planimetry.

planisphère, n.m., planisphere.

in plano, adv. V. in plano.

plant, n.m., set, twig, plant, young plant, slip, plantation, grove. En —; standing; (fig.) in the lurch. — de vigne; slip of vine. Jeune —; vineyard newly set; plantation of young trees. Rester en —; to remain standing. Laisser en —; to give the slip to; to leave in the lurch. Mettre en —; (pop.) to pawn.

plantage, n.m., planting; plantation.

plantain, n.m., (bot.) plantain.

plantard, n.m. V. plançon.

plantation, n.f., planting; plantation.

plante, n.f., sole of the foot; (bot.) plant. — ligneuse; ligneous plant. — fibreuse; fibrous plant. — herbacée; herbaceous plant. Le jardin des —s; the botanical garden, zoölogical gardens. —s marines; marine plants. —s parasites; parasitical plants. —s à tuyau; culmiferous plants.

planter, v.a. and n., to plant, to set, to fix, to drive in; to set up, to erect, to lay out, to give the slip to, to leave in the lurch. — des oignons, des pois; to plant onions, peas. — des bornes; to set bounds. — le piquet en quelque lieu; to take up one’s quarters in any place. — là quelqu’un; to leave any one in the lurch, to give any one the slip. — au nez de; to cast in the teeth of; to tell point-blank. Maison bien plantée; house well seated, or in a pleasant, commanding position. Cheveux bien plantés; hair well set up.

se planter, v.r., to be planted; to place one’s self; to station one’s self; to settle.

planteur, n.m., planter.

plantigrade, n.m. and adj., plantigrade.

plantoir, n.m., dibble, planting-tool.

planton, n.m., (milit.) orderly. Être de —; to be on duty.

plantule, n.f., (bot.) plantule.

plantureusement (-reûz-mān), adv., (fam.) plentifully, copiously, abundantly, luxuriantly.

plantureu-x, -se, adj., plentiful, copious; abundant.

planure, n.f., shavings (of wood).

plaque, n.f., plate; slab; patch, veneer; badge, star. — de fonte; plate of cast iron. — de porte-faix; badge of a porter. — tournante; (railways) turning plate.

plaqué, n.m., plated metal, electro-plate.

plaqué, -e, part., plated.

plaqueminier, n.m., (bot.) ebony-tree.

plaquer, v.a., to plate; to lay on, to veneer. — du bois; to veneer wood. — des bijoux; to plate jewels.

plaquette, n.f., small thinly bound book; a small copper coin, small plate, board, slab.

plaqueur, n.m., veneerer; plater.

plaquis, n.m., incrustation.

plasticité, n.f., plasticity.

plastique, n.f. and adj., plastic art; plastic.

plastron, n.m., breast-plate; (fenc.) plastron; fencing-pad; drill-plate; laughing-stock, butt.

plastronner, v.a., to put a plastron on any one, to cover or protect with a breast-pad.

se plastronner, v.r., to put on a breast-pad, to plastron one’s self.

plat, n.m., dish; plate; collection-plate; (nav.) mess; sheet (of glass); flat side (of anything). — d’argent; silver dish. — de la main; back of the hand. — apprêté; made dish. — réchauffé; warmed-up dish. — à barbe; shaving dish. Camarade de —; messmate. — de l’équipage; (nav.) mess (for seven men). Servir un — de son métier; to give a specimen of one’s work. C’est un — de son métier; this is one of his tricks. —s de balance; scales of a balance. Des coups de — d’épée; strokes with the flat of a sword. Donner du — de la langue; to flatter, to coax, to wheedle; to talk blarney. Mettre les pieds dans le —; to put one’s foot in it. Mettre les petits —s dans les grands; to spare neither money nor trouble to receive a person.

plat, -e, adj., flat; dull, insipid, spiritless, pointless, low, shallow, empty; (of the hair) straight, lank; (of rhymes) consecutive. Un pays —; a flat country. Cheveux —s; straight hair. Elle a la physionomie —e; she has an unmeaning countenance. Vin —; flat wine. Cheval —; lank horse. Avoir le ventre —; to have an empty belly. Sa bourse est bien —e; his purse is very low. Son armée a été battue à —e couture; his army was utterly routed. Un pied —, un — pied; a worthless fellow. Un style —; a flat, spiritless, pointless style. C’est un — personnage; he is a dull fellow. À —; flat. À — ventre; flat on the ground, flat on one’s face.

platane, n.m., plane-tree, platane.

plat-bord, n.m., (—s-—s) (nav.) gunwale, gunnel, port-last. Lisses de —; drift-rails.

plateau, n.m., wooden scale; waiter, tray, tea-tray; upland, table-land. — à découper; butler’s tray. — de carafe; decanter-stand.

plate-bande, n.f., (—s-—s) (arch., hort.) plat-band; border plot, flower-bed. — de baie; lintel of a door or window.

platée, n.f., (arch.) massive foundation under the whole area of the building; dishful.

plate-forme, n.f., (—s-—s) platform. — de batterie; platform of a battery. — de fondation; (carp.) sleepers.

plate-longe, n.f., (—s-—s) kicking-strap; leading-rein.

platement (plat-mān), adv., flatly, dully, plainly, without spirit.

plateur, n.f., (jest., l.u.) flatness.

platinage, n.m., whitening (of copper).

platine, n.f., linen-dryer; (print.) platine; lock (of firearms); (tech.) plate. —s de montre; plates of a watch. — de serrure; plate of a lock.

platine, n.m., (metal.) platinum.

platise, n.f., (l.u.) dull, senseless writing or words, platitudes.

platitude, n.f., platitude, dullness; flatness.

platonicien, -ne (-si-in, -si-èn), n. and adj., Platonist; Platonic.

platonique, adj., Platonic.

platonisme, n.m., Platonism.

plâtrage, n.m., plaster-work, plastering; unsolid work.

plâtras, n.m., old plaster-work; rubbish; piece of dried mortar.

plâtre, n.m., plaster; (b.s.) paint (on the face). Enduire de —; to coat with plaster. — cuit; calcined plaster. Battre quelqu’un comme —; to beat any one to a jelly. Essuyer les —s; to live in a newly built house (therefore damp).

plâtré, -e, part., plastered. Visage —; painted face. Paix —e; patched-up peace.

plâtrer, v.a., to plaster; to patch up, to piece up; (agri.) to manure with plaster.

se plâtrer, v.r., (b.s.) to paint one’s self. Elle se plâtre; (b.s.) she paints her face; she makes up.

plâtreu-x, -se, adj., chalky.

plâtrier, n.m., plasterer.

plâtrière, n.f., chalk-pit, plaster-quarry.

plausibilité, n.f., plausibleness, plausibility.

plausible, adj., plausible.

plausiblement, adv., plausibly.

plèbe, n.f., common people.

plébéien, -ne (-in, -è-n), n. and adj., plebeian.

plébiscite, n.m., plebiscite.

pléiade, n.f., pléiades, n.f.pl., Pleiades (the seven stars).

plein, -e, adj., full, filled, replete; copious; solid (of doors); entire, whole, thorough, complete. Rivière —e de poissons; river well stocked with fish. Livre — d’érudition; book stored with learning. Homme — d’esprit; man full of wit. — comme un œuf; as full as an egg; (fam.) chock-full. —e lune; full moon. Une chienne —e; a bitch with young. —e récolte; plentiful crop. À —es voiles; all sails set. Arbre en — vent; tree in the open air. Être en —e mer; to be out at sea, in the open sea. En —e rue; in the middle of the street. En — jour; in broad daylight. En — midi; at high noon. En —e nuit; in the dead of night. En —e paix; in the midst of peace. En — classe; before the whole class. En — été; in the height of summer. En — hiver; in the heart of winter. Avoir le cœur —; to have one’s heart full. Donner à —e main, à —es mains; to give, to bestow, largely, freely. Porter —; (nav.) to keep the sails full. Battre son —; to be in full swing (of balls, parties); to be high (of the tide).

plein, n.m., full part; plenum. Dans le —; in the middle. À pur et à —; fully, to the full, entirely.

plein, adv., full. — les deux mains; both hands full. En —; fully, entirely; right in. A pur et à —; altogether, completely. Tout —; a great many, numbers, very many.

pleinement, adv., fully, entirely, to the full.

plénière, adj.f., plenary; full, complete. Indulgence —; plenary indulgence. Cour —; plenary court.

plénipotentiaire, n.m. and adj., plenipotentiary.

plénitude, n.f., plenitude, fullness.

pléonasme, n.m., pleonasm.

pléonastique, adj., pleonastic.

plésiosaure, n.m., (foss.) plesiosaur, plesiosaurus.

plet, n.m., (nav.) coil.

pléthore, n.f., plethora.

pléthorique, adj., plethoric.

pleu-pleu or plui-plui, n.m., (—) green woodpecker.

pleur, n.m., (poet.) lament. Un — éternel; a never-ending lament (V. Hugo). pl., tears.

pleurant, -e, adj., weeping, crying.

pleurard, n.m., puling, squalling child; blubberer.

pleure, n.f., (anat.). V. plèvre.

pleure-misère, n.m., (—) grumbler; curmudgeon.

pleurer, v.n., to cry, to weep over, to shed tears, to bewail, to mourn; to run (of the eyes). — comme un enfant; to cry like a child. — amèrement; to weep bitterly. — à chaudes larmes; to shed bitter tears. — de joie; to weep for joy. — à volonté; to cry at will. — sur quelqu’un; to weep over any one.

pleurer, v.a., to weep, to bewail; to lament; to mourn; to deplore the loss (of); to grudge.

pleurésie, n.f., pleurisy.

pleurétique, adj., pleuritic.

pleureu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., weeper; mourner.

pleureur, n.m., (mam.) weeper, sapajou.

pleureu-r, -se, adj., weeping, crying, mournful, tearful. Saule —; weeping willow.

pleureuses, n.f.pl., weeping bands.

pleureu-x, -se, adj., weeping, crying.

pleurnichement (-nish-mān), n.m., whine, whining.

pleurnicher, v.n., to snivel, to whimper, to whine.

pleurnicherie (-ni-shrî), n.f., whining.

pleurnicheu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., whimperer, sniveler.

pleuronecte, n.m., (ich.) pleuronectes.

pleuropneumonie, n.f., (med.) pleuro-pneumonia.

pleurs, n.m.pl., tears; crying, weeping; bleeding (of a vine). Verser, répandre, des —; to shed tears. Essuyer ses —; to dry one’s tears.

pleutre, n.m., coward; contemptible fellow.

pleuvoir (pleuvant, plu), v.imp., to rain. Il pleut à verse; it is pouring with rain. — à petites gouttes; to drizzle. — des hallebardes; to rain cats and dogs. L’argent y pleut; it rains riches there. — à seaux; to rain in torrents. Comme s’il en pleuvait; in quantities, a great quantity, in shoals, in torrents. Faire —; to shower down upon; to pour, send in or down.

plèvre, n.f., (anat.) pleura.

plexus (plèk-sus), n.m., (anat.) plexus.

pleyon, n.m., osier-tie.

pli, n.m., plait, fold, bend, wrinkle, rumple; tuck, coil; undulation, depression, wave; cover, letter, envelope, message, crease. Cet habit ne fait pas un —; that coat has not a wrinkle in it. Sous le même —; under the same cover. Fouiller dans tous les —s et replis, sonder tous les —s et replis, du cœur; to search into the innermost recesses of the heart. Un faux —; a crease (in stuffs). Il a pris son —; he has taken his bent, decided upon his course (of action). Avoir des —s au front; to have wrinkles on one’s forehead. Le — du bras; the bend of the arm. Un — de terrain; an undulation or depression of the ground. Cela ne fera pas un —; there will not be the slightest difficulty, all will go as on wheels. Prendre un mauvais —; to get into bad habits.

pliable, adj., pliable, pliant, bending, flexible, supple.

pliage, n.m., folding.

pliant, -e, adj., pliant, pliable, bending, flexible, supple. Siège —; a folding-stool.

pliant, n.m., folding-stool, fold-stool.

plica, n.m., (med.). V. plique.

plicatile, adj., (bot.) plicate, twining.

pliciforme, adj., in the form of a fold.

plie, n.f., (ich.) plaice.

plié, -e, part., folded.

plié, n.m., bend of the knee in dancing.

pliement (plî-mān), n.m., act of folding.

plier, v.a., to fold, to fold up; to bend; to bring under. — une lettre; to fold a letter. — du linge; to fold up linen. — les voiles; to furl the sails. — bagage; to decamp, to pack or make off. — son esprit aux volontés d’autrui; to bend one’s mind, to yield to the will of others.

se plier, v.r., to be folded, bent; to bow, to bend. Je ne saurais me — à cela; I cannot stoop to that.

plier, v.n., to bend; to yield; to give way. Faire — un arc; to bend a bow. Il vaut mieux — que rompre; better bend than break. — sous l’autorité de quelqu’un; to yield to any one’s authority. L’infanterie plia; the infantry gave way.

plieu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., folder.

plinthe, n.f., (arch.) plinth.

plioir, n.m., folding-knife; paper-folder.

plique, n.f., (med.) plica.

plissé, n.m., kilting, plaits; wrinkling.

plissement (plis-mān), n.m., folding; plaiting, doubling over; undulation (of waves).

plisser, v.a., to plait; to kilt, to wrinkle.

se plisser, v.r., to form plaits; to be plaited, or wrinkled, to pucker.

plissure, n.f., plaiting.

ploc, n.m., (nav.) sheathing hair, cow-hair.

ploiement, n.m., folding.

plomb (plon), n.m., lead, shot; plumb-line, plummet; custom-house seal; sink. De —; (fig.) heavy; (of clouds or sky) gray, leaden, of a leaden hue. Menu —; small shot. — en saumon; pig-lead. Jeter son — sur quelque chose; to have an eye upon anything. Mine de —; black-lead pencil, lead. — dans la tête; (fig.) ballast. À —; perpendicularly, directly; vertically; right, or sheer, down. Sous les —s; under the leads. Tomber à —; to plumb; to fall vertically.

plombage, n.m., leading, lead work; plumbing.

plombagine, n.f., plumbago, black-lead.

plombé, -e, part., leaded; (fig.) of a leaden hue, leaden-colored; (of sticks) loaded. Dent —e; tooth that has been stopped. Il a le teint —; he has a livid complexion.

plomber, v.a., to lead; to load, to seal, to stop, to mark or stamp with lead; to stop (a tooth); to plumb. — le faîte d’un toit; to lead the ridge of a roof. — un mur; to plumb a wall. Se —; to assume a leaden hue.

plomberie (plon-brî), n.f., plumbery; lead-making; lead-manufactory; lead-works.

plombeur, n.m., (custom-house) stamper. Rouleau —; field roller.

plombeu-x, -se, adj., leady, leaden.

plombier, n.m., plumber.

plombifère, adj., plumbiferous.

plongé, -e, part., immersed; dipped (of candles); sunk (in despair); weltering (in blood). Chandelle —e; dip candle.

plongeant, -e (-jān, -t), adj., plunging. Vue —e; view from a height. Feu —; plunging fire (coming from above); raking fire.

plongée, n.f., (fort.) glacis, slope.

plongement (plonj-mān), n.m., plunging; dipping; dip; (the sea) pitching.

plongeon (-jon), n.m., (orni.) diver; loon; dive, diving. Faire le —; to dive; to duck; (fig.) to flinch; to back out of.

plonger, v.a., to plunge, to dip, to immerse; to throw, to involve. — quelqu’un dans la douleur; to plunge any one into grief.

se plonger, v.r., to be plunged.

plonger, v.n., to dive, to dip; to duck; to take a downward direction; to welter; to pitch (of ships).

plongeur, n.m., plunger, diver. Cloche de, or à, —; diving-bell.

plongeur, adj., (hydr.) plunging, diving.

ploquer, v.a., (nav.) to felt (a ship’s bottom); to sheath with hair.

ployable, adj., pliable, easy to bend; flexible.

ployer, v.a., to bend, to bow; to fold up.

se ployer, v.r., to be bent, to be folded; to bend, to give way.

ployer, v.n., to bend; to yield, to submit; to give way.

pluche. V. peluche.

pluie, n.f., rain; downpour; shower, abundance of. Un jour de —; a rainy day. Il tombe de la —; it is raining. Petite — abat grand vent; a little rain lays a great dust. Après la —, le beau temps; every cloud has its silver lining. — battante; pelting rain. Le temps est à la —; it looks like rain. Faire la — et le beau temps; to be absolute master, to rule the roost. Parler de la — et du beau temps; to talk of indifferent things. Une — de fleurs; flowers in abundance.

plui-plui, n.m. V. pleu-pleu.

plumage, n.m., plumage, feathers.

*plumail, n.m., feather-broom. V. plumet or plumeau.

plumasseau, n.m., quill (for harpsichords); feather (of arrows); (surg.) pledget; feather-broom, duster.

plumasserie (-ma-srî), n.f., feather-trade.

plumassier, n.m., feather-merchant (dresser, or seller).

plume, n.f., feather, plume, quill, pen. — d’acier; steel pen. Tailler une —; to mend, to cut a pen. Mettre la main à la —; to take pen in hand. Se laisser aller au courant de la —; to write off-hand. — de corbeau; crow-quill. La belle — fait le bel oiseau; fine feathers make fine birds. Il est au poil et à la —; he is fit for anything; fit as a fiddle. Il y a laissé de ses —s; he has been stripped of his feathers. Passer la — par le bec à quelqu’un; to baffle any one. La fente d’une —; the slit of a pen. Le bec d’une —; the nib of a pen. Une bonne —; a good penman. Jeter la — au vent; to allow chance to decide. Guerre de —; paper warfare. Une — à son chapeau; a feather in one’s cap.

plumeau, n.m., feather-broom, duster; pen-stand.

plumée, n.f., penful (of ink); plucking goose-feathers; plucking.

plumer, v.a., to pluck, to plume; to fleece. — une volaille; to pluck a fowl. — quelqu’un; to fleece any one; (in rowing) to feather. — la poule sans la faire crier; to fleece the sheep without making it bleat.

plumet, n.m., plume, ostrich feather; feather broom.

plumetis (plum-tî), n.m., feather-stitch.

plumeu-x, -se, adj., (bot.) plumous, feathery.

plumipède, n.m., plumiped.

plumiste, n.m., artist in feathers.

plumitif, n.m., (jur.) minute-book; (fam.) penman, clerk, scratch-paper.

plum-pudding, n.m. (—-—s). V. pouding.

plumule, n.f., (bot.) plumule.

plupart, n.f., most, most part, the greatest part; generality, majority (of); most people. La — du monde prétend; most people say. La — de ses amis l’abandonnèrent; most of his friends forsook him. La — écrivent; most people write. Pour la —; mostly. Les hommes sont pour la — intéressés; the generality of men are selfish. La — du temps; generally, mostly, in most cases.

pluralité, n.f., plurality.

pluriel, -le, adj., (gram.) plural.

pluriel, n.m., (gram.) plural.

plus, adv., more, over, most; also, moreover; further; besides; item; plus; no more, not any more, no longer, not again; never again. — savant que lui; more learned than he. Il a — d’argent que moi; he has more money than I. Il m’en coûte — qu’a vous; it costs me more than it does you (to have to say it, etc.). Il a — de vingt ans; he is more than twenty. Nous sommes — qu’à moitié persuadés; we are more than half convinced. Je n’y retournerai —; I will go there no more. — je la vois, — je la hais; the more I see her, the more I hate her. — loin; further. — près, de — près; nearer. — de larmes; no more tears. N’avoir — rien; to have nothing left. Il y a —; what is more. Il y en a tant et —; there is enough and to spare. Au —, tout au —; at most, at the most. Il a tout au — trente ans; he is thirty at most. De —; besides, moreover, again, furthermore, nay. De —, il faut remarquer; we must observe besides. D’autant —; the more so. De — en —; more and more. Il s’enrichit de — en —; he grows richer and richer every day. Ni — ni moins; neither more nor less. Vous avez beau dire, il n’en sera ni — ni moins; you may talk as much as you please, it will be so. — ou moins; more or less, thereabout. Qui —, qui moins; some more, some less. Sans — différer; without further delay. Sans — de façon; without any more ado. — tard, — loin, — près; later, farther, nearer. Qui — est; what is more. N’être —; to be no more. Deux fois —; twice as much. Deux fois de —; twice more. Je n’ai — qu’à; it only remains for me to.

plus, n.m., more; most. Le — que je puisse faire; the most I can do.

plusieurs, pron. and adj., m.f.pl., several, some.

plus-pétition, n.f., (n.p.) (jur.) exorbitant demand.

plus-que-parfait (plus-kĕ-par-fè), n.m. (n.p.), (gram.) pluperfect tense.

plus-value, n.f., (—-—s) (fin.) superior value.

plutocratie, n.f., plutocracy.

plutonique, adj., (geol.) plutonic.

plutôt, adv., rather, sooner, in preference to. — mourir que faire une lâcheté; rather die than do a dishonorable thing. Voyez —; look, or see, for yourself!

pluvial, n.m., (c.rel.) pluvial.

pluvial, adj., of rain, rainy. Eau —e; rainwater.

pluvier, n.m., plover.

pluvieu-x, -se, adj., rainy, showery, wet. Un jour —; a rainy day.

pluviomètre, n.m., pluviometer, rain-gauge, udometer.

pluviôse, n.m., Pluviose, fifth month of the calendar of the first French republic, from January 20th to February 18th or 19th.

pneumatique, n.f. and adj., pneumatics; pneumatic. Machine —; air-pump.

pneumatocèle, n.f., (med.) pneumatocele.

pneumatologie, n.f., pneumatology.

pneumatose, n.f., (med.) pneumatosis.

pneumonie, n.f., pneumonia.

pneumonique, n.m.f. and adj., (med.) pneumonic.

pochade, n.f., (paint.) rough sketch; (pop.) set to, mauling.

poche, n.f., pocket; pouch; sack; bag; rabbit-net; purse-net; small fiddle; crop (of a bird); sack (of an abscess, etc.); (needlework) pucker; wrinkle (in clothes); kit (of a violin). Fouiller dans ses —s; to search one’s pockets. Un mouchoir de —; a pocket handkerchief. Mettre en —; to pocket. Jouer de la —; to come down with the money. Acheter chat en —; to buy a pig in a poke. Argent de —; pocket-money. Connaître comme sa —; to know perfectly.

poché, -e, part., blotted (of writing); poached (of eggs); black (of the eyes). Des œufs —s; poached eggs. Avoir les yeux —s au beurre noir; to have one’s eyes black and blue.

pocher, v.a., to poach; to bruise. — les yeux à quelqu’un; to give any one a pair of black eyes. Se faire — les yeux; to get one’s eyes blacked.

pochet, n.m., nose-bag.

pocheter (posh-té), v.a., to keep in one’s pocket.

pocheter, v.n., to be kept in one’s pocket.

pochette, n.f., ☉pocket; net (for rabbits); small fiddle, kit.

podagraire, n.f., (bot.) goatweed, goutwort.

podagre, n.f., podagra, gout in the feet.

podagre, n.m.f. and adj., gouty person; afflicted with the gout, gouty, podagrical.

podestat, n.m., podesta (magistrate in Italy).

podosperme, n.m., (bot.) funiculus.

poêle, n.f., frying-pan. Tomber de la — dans le feu; to jump out of the frying-pan into the fire.

poêle or poile, n.m., stove.

poêle, n.m., pall (at a funeral); (c.rel.) canopy.

poêlée, n.f., panful.

poêlette, n.f., small pan.

poêlier, n.m., stove-maker.

poêlon, n.m., saucepan (small).

poêlonnée, n.f., saucepanful.

poème, n.m., poem.

poésie, n.f., poetry; poesy.

poète, n.m., poet; poetess. Méchant —; wretched poet, poetaster. — lauréat; poet laureate. Elle est —; she is a poetess.

poétereau (po-é-trô), n.m., poetaster; rhymester.

poétesse, n.f., (l.u.) poetess.

poétique, n.f. and adj., poetics; poetical.

poétiquement (-tik-mān), adv., poetically.

poétiser, v.n., ☉to versify, to poetize; to make poetical.

poids (poâ), n.m., weight; heaviness; gravity; burden, load; moment, importance, consequence, consideration. Le — d’un fardeau; the weight of a burden. Cela est de —; that is full weight. Un — de dix livres; a ten-pound weight. Avoir du —; to weigh; (fig.) to be influential, to have influence. Faire bon —; to give good weight. Vendre une chose au — de l’or; to sell a thing extremely dear. Le — des affaires; the burden of affairs.

*poignant, -e, adj., poignant; acute, keen; stinging; painful, sad.

*poignard, n.m., poniard, dagger. Coup de —; stab. Ce fut un coup de — pour elle; she was cut to the quick by it, it was a crushing blow for her.

*poignarder, v.a., to poniard, to stab, to wound, to grieve to the heart; to kill.

se poignarder, v.r., to stab one’s self.

poigne, n.f., (pop.) grasp, gripe, clutch; (fig.) strength, vigor.

*poignée, n.f., handful; handle; hilt (of swords); bunch (of keys); shake (of the hand). À —s; by handfuls. Jeter de l’argent à —; to throw money about like shells. Prendre à —; to grasp tightly.

*poignet, n.m., wrist; wrist-band (of linen); cuff (of a gown).

poil, n.m., hair (of animals); hair (of persons other than that of the head); wool (of some animals); beard; nap (of cloth, of hats); color (of horses); (bot.) bristle, wool; (fig.) boldness, courage, resolution. — de chèvre; goat’s hair, mohair. — follet; down; soft hair. — de drap; nap of cloth. Monter un cheval à —; to ride a horse bareback. Il y a laissé de son —; he was pretty well fleeced there. Être au — et à la plume; to be fit for anything. Faire le — à un cheval; to trim a horse; (fig.) to outdo, to cut out. De quel — est ce cheval? what is the color of that horse? — bai; bay. Reprendre du — à la bête; to be at it again; to begin again. Chercher du — aux œufs; to split hairs.

poile, n.m. V. poêle.

poilu, -e, adj., hairy, shaggy; (bot.) bristly, pilose.

*poincillade, n.f., (bot.) (Barbadoes) flower-fence.

poinçon, n.m., punch, puncheon; bodkin; stiletto, awl, pointer; stamp, die; puncheon (cask); (carp.) king-post; stamp (of coins).

poinçonnage, n.m., stamping.

poinçonner, v.a., to stamp.

poinçonneu-r, -se, n.m., stamper, puncher. n.f., stamping machine.

poindre, v.n., to peep, to dawn, to break; to appear, to begin. Le jour commençait à —; day was beginning to break. Le poil commence à lui — au menton; his beard is beginning to grow.

poindre, v.a., (l.u.) to sting. Oignez vilain, il vous poindra, poignez vilain, il vous oindra; save a thief from the gallows and he will cut your throat. Quel taon vous point? why, what’s the matter with you? (lit., what gnat has stung you).

poing, n.m., fist, hand. Coup de —; punch, cuff. Se battre à coups de —; to fight with fisticuffs. Fermer le —; to clinch, clench one’s fist. À — fermé; with clinched, clenched fist. Faire le coup de — avec quelqu’un; to have a set-to with any one. Il sait faire le coup de —; he knows how to box. Pieds et —s liés; bound hand and foot.

point, adv., no, not; not at all; none (more emphatic than pas). Je ne l’ai — vu; I have not seen him. Il n’a — d’argent; he has no money at all. — du tout; not at all. — d’amitié sans vertu; there can be no friendship without virtue.

point, n.m., point; dot, mark; full stop; period; speck; hole (of a strap, etc.); break (of day); (needlework) stitch; moment, difficulty, state, case, terms; place, quarter; (nav.) tack (of the sheets). — de côté; pain in the side, stitch. Un —; full stop. — d’interrogation; note of interrogation. — d’admiration, — d’exclamation; note of exclamation. Lettre de deux —s; (print.) two-line letter. Il ne met jamais de — sur les i; he never dots his i’s. Mettre les —s sur les i; to dot one’s i’s; to be very punctilious, to mind one’s P’s and Q’s. — d’orgue; (mus.) pause. — d’appui; fulcrum. — d’Angleterre; Brussels point (lace). Faire venir quelqu’un à son —; to bring any one over to one’s views. Il fut sur le — d’être tué; he was very near being killed. À —; in the nick of time. À — nommé; at the appointed time. Tout vient à — à qui sait attendre; patience and time bring everything to pass, or all comes to him who knows how to wait. Un — fait à temps en sauve mille; a stitch in time saves nine. L’affaire est réduite à ce —; the matter has come to this point or pitch. Au plus haut —; to the highest pitch. Au dernier —; in the highest degree. C’est un — arrêté; it is a thing agreed upon. Avoir un — de côté; to have a stitch in one’s side. Faire un — à; (needlework) to put a stitch in. — de vue; point of view, prospect; (fig.) light, sight, opinion. — du vent; (nav.) tack. — d’honneur; point of honor. De tout —; in every respect, entirely. De — en —; exactly, in particular, in detail. —s cardinaux; cardinal points. — du compas; point of the compass. Rendre des — à; to be more than a match for, to give odds (at a game). Faute d’un —; for a trifle. La viande est cuite à —; the meat is done to a turn.

pointage, n.m., (artil., nav.) pointing, leveling.

pointal, n.m., (carp.) prop, girder.

pointe, n.f., point (sharp end); (print.) bodkin; pungency, tartness, sharpness; witticism; tack, tin-tack (nail, rivet, French nail); etching-needle; head (of an arrow, of a lance); (fenc.) small sword; (agri., geog.) point. La — d’une épée; the point of a sword. — d’une plume; nib of a pen. La — du jour; the break, the dawn, of day. Marcher sur la — du pied; to walk on tiptoe. Tourner la — du pied en dehors; to turn one’s toes out. Tailler en —; to cut point-wise. Se terminer en —; to end in a point. Faire une —; (milit.) to deviate from the line; (fig.) to turn aside. Pousser sa —; to pursue one’s point, to persist (in); to go on (with). Avoir une — de vin; to be slightly excited, flustered. — d’une épigramme; point of an epigram. Faire la —; (man.) to rear. — de terre; foreland.

pointé, -e, adj., pointed.

pointement (point-mān), n.m., (artil.) pointing, leveling.

pointer, v.a., to pierce, to stick; to stab; to prick, to mark; to point; to dot; to sharpen; (print.) to register. — la carte; (nav.) to point the chart. — un canon; to point a cannon.

pointer, v.n., to point, to dot; to spring up, to soar, to fly high; to keep, to appear, to come out; (man.) to rear.

pointeur, n.m., pointer, marker, checker; (artil.) artillery-man (who points the gun).

*pointillage, n.m., (engr.) dotting, stippling.

*pointillé, n.m., (engr.) dotting, stippling.

*pointille, n.f., trifle, trifling point; bickering, cavil (about a trifling subject).

*pointiller, v.n., to dot, to stipple; to cavil, to carp at.

pointiller, v.a., to nettle, to tease.

*pointillerie, n.f., bickering, caviling, hair-splitting.

*pointilleu-x, -se, adj., caviling, particular, punctilious, captious. Un critique —; a carping critic.

pointu, -e, adj., pointed, sharp, sharp-pointed, peaked. Chapeau —; sugar-loaf hat.

pointure, n.f., (print.) point; (of shoes) size.

poire, n.f., (bot.) pear; weight (of a steel-yard). — d’angoisse; choke-pear. Entre la — et le fromage; at dessert. — à poudre; powder-horn, powder-flask. Garder une — pour la soif; to lay up something for a rainy day. —s secrètes; pear-bit (of a bridle). — de Messire Jean; a kind of very sweet pear.

poiré, n.m., perry.

poireau or porreau, n.m., (bot.) leek; (vet.) wart.

poirée, n.f., (bot.) white beet.

poirier, n.m., pear-tree.

pois, n.m., (bot.) pea, peas, pease. Cosse de —; pea-cod. — ramés; branch peas. — carrés; marrow-fats. — chiches; chick-peas; dwarf pea. — cassés; split peas. — verts or petits —; green peas. Il donne un — pour avoir une fève; he gives a sprat to catch a herring.

poison, n.m., poison, venom.

poissard, -e, adj., vulgar, low. Style —; Billingsgate style.

poissarde, n.f., fishwoman, fish-fag; low or vulgar woman.

poisser, v.a., to pitch, to do over with pitch; to make sticky.

poisseu-x, -se, adj., pitchy, gluey, sticky.

poisson, n.m., fish; half a gill. pl., (astron.) Pisces. — de mer, de rivière; sea-fish, river-fish. Colle de —; isinglass. — d’avril; April fool. — rouge; gold-fish. — juif; hammer-fish. Donner un — d’avril à quelqu’un; to make an April fool of any one. Être comme un — sur la paille; to be like a fish out of water.

*poissonnaille, n.f., small fish or fry.

poissonnerie (-so-n-rî), n.f., fish-market.

poissonneu-x, -se, adj., abounding in fish, full of fish.

poissonnier, n.m., fishmonger, fish-salesman.

poissonnière, n.f., fishmonger (woman); fish-kettle.

poitrail, n.m., breast (of a horse); breast-piece (of harness); (arch.) breast-summer.

poitrinaire, n.m.f. and adj., consumptive.

poitrine, n.f., chest, breast, lungs; brisket. Maladie de —; consumption. Une fluxion de —; inflammation of the lungs. Il a bonne —; he has good lungs.

poivrade, n.f., pepper sauce.

poivre, n.m., pepper. — en grains; whole pepper. — de la Jamaïque; all-spice, Jamaica-pepper. — et sel; (of the beard) grizzly.

poivrer, v.a., to pepper, to put pepper in; (of a bill) to lay it on, to fleece.

poivrier, n.m., pepper-plant; pepper-box.

poivrière, n.f., spice-box; pepper-box; (fort.) sentry-box.

poix, n.f., pitch; shoemakers’ wax. Cela tient comme —; that sticks like pitch.

polacre or polaque, n.f., (nav.) polacca, polacre.

☉polacre or polaque, n.m., Polack (Polish).

polaire, adj., polar. Etoile —; polar star.

polarisation, n.f., polarization.

polariser, v.a., to polarize.

polarité, n.f., (phys.) polarity.

polatouche, n.m., flying-squirrel.

polder (pol-dèr), n.m., polder (tract of low land reclaimed from the sea by means of high embankments, in Holland and Belgium).

pôle, n.m., (astron., geog.) pole. — arctique; arctic pole. — antarctique; antarctic pole. —s de l’aimant; magnetic poles.

polémarque, n.m., (antiq.) polemarch.

polémique, n.f. and adj., polemics, controversy, disputation; polemic, polemical.

polémoscope, n.m., polemoscope.

polenta, n.f., (n.p.) a sort of pap.

poli, -e, adj., polished, bright, glossy, smooth; polite, civil; refined.

poli, n.m., polish, finish, gloss.

police, n.f., police; police-regulations; (fig.) polity, government; (print.) font; policy (of insurance). Commissaire de —; commissary or inspecter of police. Espion de —; police-spy. Être mandé à la police; to be sent for to the police-office. Faire la — d’une salle; to keep order in a hall. Faire la — des rues; to keep the streets clear. Salle de —; (milit.) guard-room. Bonnet de —; foraging-cap. Tribunal de —; police-court.

policement, n.m., civilizing.

policer, v.a., to establish a regular government; to civilize, to polish, to refine.

polichinelle, n.m., punch, buffoon; merry-andrew.

poli-couteaux, n.m., knife-cleaner.

poliment, adv., politely.

polir, v.a., to polish, to polish up, to brighten, to burnish; to make polite, to civilize, to refine. — un discours; to polish a discourse. — une langue; to polish a language.

se polir, v.r., to polish (of a thing); to become refined (of people).

polissage, n.m., polishing, finishing.

polisseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., polisher.

polissoir, n.m., polisher (tool).

polissoire, n.f., shining-brush.

polisson, n.m., blackguard; low fellow, ragamuffin; scamp; mischievous child.

polisson, -ne, adj., mischievous, idle, blackguard; rude.

polissonne, n.f., gadabout (girl who runs about the streets).

polissonner, v.n., to play the blackguard, to crack broad jokes; (of children) to run about the streets.

polissonnerie (-so-n-rî), n.f., blackguardism, blackguard trick, broad, smutty joke.

polissure, n.f., polishing.

politesse, n.f., politeness, civility, good breeding, polite thing, kindness, attention, compliment. Faire une —; to do a polite thing. Ce serait une — de votre part de; it would be kind of you to.

politicien, n.m., politician.

politique, adj., political, politic, prudent, wise.

politique, n.m., politician, statesman. C’est un rusé —; he is a crafty politician.

politique, n.f., policy; politics, statecraft; prudence. Etudier la —; to study politics. Parler —; to talk politics. — extérieure; foreign politics; foreign policy.

politiquement (-tik-mān), adv., politically, (fig.) shrewdly.

politiquer, v.n., (fam.) to talk politics, to meddle with politics.

polka, n.f., polka.

polker, v.n., to dance the polka.

poll, n.m., (n.p.) (pol.) poll.

pollen (pol-lè-n), n.m., (bot.) pollen.

pollicitation (pol-li-), n.f., (jur.) pollicitation.

pollué, -e (pol-lué), adj., polluted, defiled.

polluer (pol-lué), v.a., to pollute, to defile, to profane.

se polluer, v.r., to pollute one’s self.

pollution, (pol-lu-), n.f., pollution, profanation.

polonais, -e, adj., Polish.

polonais, n.m., Pole; Polonese, Polish (language).

polonaise, n.f., polonaise (dress, dance, tune).

poltron, -ne, n. and adj., coward, poltroon, skulker; cowardly, dastardly, chicken-hearted.

poltronnerie (-tro-n-rî), n.f., cowardice, poltroonery, cowardly action.

poly-, a prefix from Gr. πολύς.

polyacoustique, adj., polyacoustic.

polyadelphie, n.f., polyadelphia.

polyandrie, n.f., (bot.) polyandria.

polyarchie, n.f., polyarchy.

polychreste, adj., (pharm.) polycrest.

polychrome, adj., (tech.) of many colors.

polyèdre, n.m., (geom.) polyhedron.

polygala or polygale, n.m., (bot.) polygala, milkwort.

polygame, n.m.f. and adj., polygamist; polygamous.

polygamie, n.f., polygamy; (bot.) polygamia.

polygarchie, n.f. V. polyarchie.

polyglotte, n.m.f. and adj., polyglot.

polygone, n.m. and adj., (fort., geom.) polygon; ordnance-yard, practice-ground; polygonal.

polygraphe, n.m., polygraph (instrument for multiplying copies of a writing); manifold writer.

polygraphie, n.f., polygraphy.

polygynie, n.f., polygynia.

polymathie, n.f., polymathy (knowledge of many arts and sciences).

polymathique, adj., polymathic.

polymorphe, adj., polymorphous.

polymorphisme, n.m., polymorphy.

polynôme, n.m., (alg.) polynome, polynomial.

polype, n.m., polyp, polypus. — du nez; polypus (in the nose).

polypétale, adj., (bot.) polypetalous.

polypeu-x, -se, adj., (med.) polypous.

polyphone, adj., polyphonic.

polyphylle, adj., polyphyllous.

polypier, n.m., polypier, coral.

polypode, n.m., (bot.) polypody.

polyptique, n.m., (feudality) register of rents, taxes.

polyscope, n.m., polyscope.

polyspaste, n.m., polyspast.

polysperme, adj., polyspermous.

polystyle, adj., (arch.) polystyle.

polysyllabe, n.m. and adj., polysyllable; polysyllabic, polysyllabical.

polysyllabique, adj., polysyllabic, polysyllabical.

polytechnicien, n.m., cadet of the Paris Polytechnic School.

polytechnique (-tèk-nik), adj., polytechnic. Ecole —; Polytechnic School (French national military and civil-service academy).

polythéisme, n.m., polytheism.

polythéiste, n.m. and adj., polytheist; polytheistic, polytheistical.

polytric, n.m., (bot.) golden maiden-hair, hair-moss.

pomifère, adj., pomiferous.

pommade, n.f., pomatum (for the hair); lip-salve; (man.) vault, vaulting.

pommader, v.a., to pomade.

pomme, n.f., apple; ball, knob; head (of a cabbage, of a lettuce, of a walking-stick). — sauvage; crab, crab-apple. — d’Adam; Adam’s apple. — de discorde; apple of discord, bone of contention. — d’amour; tomato. — de terre; potato. — de chêne; oak-apple. — de coloquinte; bitter-apple. — de pin; pineapple; fir-apple. — de choux, de laitue; head of a cabbage, of a lettuce. — de canne; head or handle of a cane. — de lit; ball at the top of a bed-post. —s de pavillon; (nav.) trucks of the ensign-staff. —s de girouette; (nav.) acorns of the vanes.

☉pommé, n.m., cider.

pommé, -e, part., grown to a round head, cabbaged; (fig., fam.) complete, downright. Laitue —e; cabbage-lettuce. Un fou —; a downright fool. Une sottise —e; an egregious blunder.

pommeau, n.m., pummel (of saddles, swords).

pommelé, -e, adj., dappled, mottled; cloudy (with dappled clouds). Cheval gris-—; dapple-gray horse.

se pommeler (po-m-lé), v.r., to become dappled. Le ciel s’est pommelé; the sky has become dappled.

pommelle, n.f., roller-bolt (of carriages); grating (of pipes); drain-pipe; strainer.

pommer, v.n., (hort.) to cabbage, to grow to a round head.

pommeraie (po-mrê), n.f., apple-orchard.

pommette, n.f., pommel, knob, ball; cheek-bone.

pommier, n.m., apple-tree; apple-roaster.

pomoyer, v.n., (nav.) to underrun (cables).

pompe, n.f., pomp; splendor; ceremony, state; dignity, majesty. Marcher en grande —; to march in great state. — funèbre; funeral pomp. — du style; loftiness of style. Entrepreneur de —s funèbres; undertaker.

pompe, n.f., pump. Piston d’une —; plug, sucker, of a pump. — à feu; steam-pump. — aspirante; suction-pump. — à incendie; fire-engine. — à vapeur; steam-pump or engine. — d’arrosement; watering-engine, garden engine. —s funèbres; funerals, burials. La — est haute; the pump sucks. La — se décharge; the pump has lost water. — à bière; beer-engine. À la —; on draught. À la —! (nav.) pump ship, ho!

pomper, v.n., to pump.

pomper, v.a., to pump, to suck up. — l’humidité; to suck up the moisture.

pompeusement (-peûz-mān), adv., pompously, with great pomp.

pompeu-x, -se, adj., pompous, stately, lofty. Style, discours —; lofty style, speech.

pompier, n.m., fireman; pump-maker.

pompon, n.m., top-knot (of horses); ear-knot; (milit.) tuft.

pomponné, -e, part., decked out, tricked out.

pomponner, v.a., (fam.) to ornament, to deck out, to dress. — son style; to trick out one’s style.

se pomponner, v.r., (fam.) to dress one’s self up.

☉ponant, n.m., west; western ocean (in contradistinction to the Mediterranean).

ponçage, n.m., pumicing; pouncing.

ponce, n.f., Pontius; pumice; (drawing) pounce. Pierre —; pumice-stone.

ponceau, n.m., (bot.) corn-poppy; culvert; archway; one-arched bridge; red color, poppy-color, flame-color.

ponceau, adj., poppy-colored.

poncer, v.a., to pumice; (drawing) to pounce. — de la vaisselle; to rub plate with pumice-stone.

ponceu-x, -se, adj., pumiceous.

poncif, n.m. V. poncis.

poncire, n.m., poncire lemon.

poncis, n.m., (drawing, engr.) pounced drawing.

ponction, n.f., (surg.) puncture, tapping.

ponctionner, v.a., (med.) to tap, to puncture.

ponctualité, n.f., punctuality.

ponctuation, n.f., punctuation; vowel-pointing.

ponctué, -e, part., punctuated, dotted. Plante —e; dotted plant. Ligne —e; dotted line.

ponctuel, -le, adj., punctual, exact.

ponctuellement (-èl-mān), adv., punctually, exactly.

ponctuer, v.a., to punctuate, to point.

pondage, n.m., poundage (duty per pound).

pondérabilité, n.f., ponderability.

pondérable, adj., ponderable.

pondération, n.f., (phys.) ponderation; poising, balancing.

pondérer, v.a., to poise, to balance.

pondeuse, n.f., layer; laying (of hens).

pondre, v.a., to lay eggs.

poney, n.m., pony.

pongo, n.m., (mam.) pongo, black orang.

pont, n.m., bridge; deck (of a ship); flap (of trousers). —-levis, (—s-—) drawbridge. — tournant; swing-bridge. — dormant; fixed bridge. — suspendu; suspension-bridge. — tube; tubular bridge. — à bascule; weigh-bridge. Faire un — d’or à quelqu’un; to make great pecuniary concessions to any one. — aux ânes; asses’ bridge (the 47th proposition in France, instead of the 5th in America). La foire n’est pas sur le —; (prov.) there is no need to be in such a hurry. Les —s et chaussées; department of roads and bridges. — volant; (nav.) hanging stage. Premier —; lower deck. Second —; upper deck of a two-decker. Troisième —; upper deck of a three-decker. Faux —; spar-deck. — arqué; cambered deck. — coupé; half-deck. Entre —; orlop deck, between decks. Equipage de —; pontoon train. Se porter comme le Pont Neuf; to be in splendid health; to be as fit as a fiddle. C’est vieux comme le Pont Neuf; it is as old as the hills or Queen Anne is dead.

pont-aqueduc, n.m., (—s-—s) aqueduct-bridge.

ponte, n.f., laying of eggs.

ponte, n.m., punter (cards); (ombre) ponto, the ace of hearts or diamonds.

ponté, -e, adj., decked (of a ship).

ponter, v.n., (play) to punt.

pontet, n.m., trigger-guard; saddle-tree.

pontife, n.m., pontiff. Le souverain —; the sovereign pontiff, the pope.

pontifical, n.m., pontifical.

pontifical, -e, adj., pontifical.

pontificalement (-kal-mān), adv., pontifically.

pontificat, n.m., pontificate.

pontin, adj., Pontine. Les marais —s; the Pontine marshes (between Rome and Naples).

pont-levis, n.m., (—s-—) drawbridge; flap (of trousers); (man.) pontlevis.

pont-neuf, n.m., (—s-—s) street-ballad, popular song.

ponton, n.m., pontoon, bridge of boats; hulk; convict-ship.

pontonage, n.m., bridge-toll; hire of a ferry-boat; pontage.

pontonnier, n.m., toll-collector; (milit.) pontonier.

pontuseau, n.m., water-line (in paper).

pope, n.m., pope (priest of the Greek church).

popeline, n.f., poplin.

poplité, -e, adj., (anat.) popliteal.

populace, n.f., populace, mob, rabble.

populaci-er, -ère, adj., low, vulgar.

populaire, adj., popular, vulgar. n.m., populace, rabble.

populairement (-lèr-mān), adv., popularly.

populariser, v.a., to popularize, to make popular.

se populariser, v.r., to make one’s self popular.

popularité, n.f., popularity.

population, n.f., population.

populeu-x, -se, adj., populous.

populo, n.m., (—s) (jest.) plump little boy, chubby-cheeks.

poracé, -e, adj., (med.) porraceous.

porc (pork), n.m., hog, pig, pork; porker; swine. — marin; porpoise. Soie de —; hog’s bristles. Gardeur de —s; swine-herd. — frais; pork. Côtelette de —; pork-chop. [The final c of porc is silent before words beginning with a consonant.]

porcelaine, n.f., porcelain, china, chinaware; china vase or vases. Terre à —; china-clay.

porcelainier, n.m., workman in a porcelain manufactory, china manufacturer.

porcelet, n.m., young pig; porket; (insect) wood-louse.

porc-épic (por-ké-pik), n.m., (—s-—s) porcupine.

porchaison, n.f., wild-boar season.

porche, n.m., porch, portal.

porch-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., swineherd.

porcherie, n.f., pig-sty, piggery.

porcine, adj.f., porcine.

pore, n.m., pore.

poreu-x, -se, adj., having pores, porous.

porisme, n.m., (geom.) porism; (antiq.) corollary.

porosité, n.f., porosity.

porphyre, n.m., (min.) porphyry; (pharm.) slab (for grinding).

porphyrisation, n.f., grinding (with a muller), pulverization.

porphyriser, v.a., to grind; to porphyrize; to pound, to powder, to pulverize.

porque, n.f., sow; (nav.) rider. — de fond; floor-riders. Allonges de —; futtock-riders. Aiguillettes de —; upper futtock-riders.

porracé, -e, adj. V. poracé.

porreau, n.m. V. poireau.

porrection, n.f., (c.rel.) presentation of the instruments.

porrigo, n.m., (med.) porrigo, ring-worm.

port, n.m., port, haven, harbor, sea-port town; wharf, quay; postage, carriage (of parcels); aspect; presence, bearing, gait, portliness; (nav.) burden; (mus.) grace note, portamento. — de mer; sea-port. — de toutes marées; deep-water harbor. — à marée; tidal harbor. — marchand; commercial harbor. — de guerre; naval harbor or station. Franc de —; prepaid, carriage paid. Prendre —, surgir au —; to come into harbor, to land; to attain one’s end, to come to an anchor. Arriver à bon —; to come safe into harbor; to arrive safely; (fig.) to end happily. Faire naufrage au —; to be wrecked in port. — de lettre; postage. — payé; post-paid. Permis de — d’armes; license to carry arms. — d’armes; gun-license. — de voix; (voc. mus.) portamento-voice. Elle a un — de reine; her walk is that of a queen. Le — d’une plante; (bot.) the aspect of a plant. — permis; (nav.) weight of luggage (free on board ship to officers, sailors, and passengers). Conduire, or mener, à bon —; (fig.) to bring to a successful issue.

portable, adj., that can be worn, wearable; portable, payable (at).

portage, n.m., portage (at water-falls in America); conveyance, porterage. V. port permis (nav.), under port. Faire —; to carry a boat overland (at waterfalls).

*portail, n.m., front gate, west-door (of a church); door-way, portal.

portant, -e, adj., bearing, carrying. L’un — l’autre; one with another, one carrying the other. Il est bien —; he is in good health. Tirer sur quelqu’un à bout —; to shoot at any one quite close, or point-blank.

portati-f, -ve, adj., portable.

porte, adj., (anat.) portal. Veine —; portal vein.

porte, n.f., gate, gateway, door-way, door; door-step, threshold; eye (for hooks); defile (of mountains); the Sublime Porte. Les —s d’une ville; the gates of a town. —s d’enfilade; suite of doors. — d’entrée; entrance door, street door, front door. — de sortie; exit door, side door, back door. — à —; next door to each other. — cochère; courtyard-gate. — à deux battants; folding-doors. — battante; baize-door. — vitrée; glass door. —-croisée, (—s-—s) terrace, or garden, glass door. Mettre quelqu’un à la —; to turn any one out of doors. Fermer la — au nez de quelqu’un; to shut the door in any one’s face. — de derrière; back door; (fig.) shift. Prendre la —; to take to the door. Refuser la —; to refuse admittance. À —s ouvrantes; at the opening of the gates. À — close; with closed doors. —s d’un bassin; gates of a dock. La — ottomane; the Ottoman, the Sublime Porte. Faire défendre sa — à; not to be at home to.

porté, -e, part., carried, inclined, prone, disposed; (of shadows) projected. Il est — par la loi que; the law provides that. Il est — à médire; he is prone to backbiting.

porté, n.m., wear; appearance, style, look.

porte-affiches, n.m., advertising board; (man) sandwich-man.

*porte-aiguille, n.m., (—) (surg.) needle-holder; (—, or —-—s) needle-case.

porte-allumettes, n.m., (—) n.m., match-box.

porte-amarre, n.m., life-saving apparatus, line rocket.

☉porte-arquebuse, n.m., (—) king’s gun-bearer.

porte-assiette, n.m., (—, or —-—s) plate-stand.

☉porte-auge, n.m., (—) hodman, mason’s laborer.

porte-baguette, n.m., (—) pipe (of muskets, pistols).

porte-baïonnette, n.m., (—, or —-—s) bayonet-belt.

porte-balle, n.m., peddler, packman.

porte-barres, n.m., (—) pole-ring.

porte-bonheur, n.m., bearer of good tidings; bangle.

porte-bossoir, n.m., (—-—s) (nav.) supporter of the cat-head.

porte-bouquet, n.m., bouquet-holder.

porte-bouteilles, n.m., wine-rack, wine-bin.

porte-carabine, n.m., (—) carbine-swivel.

porte-carafe, n.m., decanter stand.

porte-cartes, n.m., (—) card-rack, card-case.

porte-chape, n.m., cope-bearer.

porte-cierge, n.m., taper-bearer.

porte-choux, n.m., market-gardener’s horse.

porte-cigare, n.m., (—) cigar-holder.

porte-cigares, n.m., (—) cigar-case.

porte-clefs, n.m., (—) turnkey; (mus.) key-board, key-ring.

porte-collet, n.m., pad, stiffener (for collars).

porte-coquetiers, n.m., egg-stand.

porte-crayons, n.m., pencil-case.

porte-croix, n.m., (—) cross-bearer.

porte-crosse, n.m., (—) crosier-bearer; (milit.) carbine-bucket.

porte-cure-dent, n.m., (—-—s) tooth-pick case or holder.

porte-dieu, n.m., (—) (c.rel.) viaticum-bearer.

porte-drapeau, n.m., (—) (milit.) ensign-bearer, ensign, color-sergeant.

portée, n.f., brood, litter; reach (of the hand, arm); reach (of the mind); capacity, compass; comprehension; import (extent of signification); shot (of a missile weapon); (artil.) range; (arch.) pitch; bearing; resting-point; (mus.) staff, stave. Hors de la — du canon; beyond cannon range. A or à la — du fusil; within gun-shot range. Cela n’est pas à ma —; that is not within my reach. Être à la — de la voix de quelqu’un; to be within hearing, within call. À — de trait; within bow-shot. Cet ouvrage n’est pas à ma —; that work is not within my compass, is beyond me. Cela passe ma —; that is beyond my comprehension, I cannot make it out, I fail to understand. Se mettre à la — de quelqu’un; to come down to the level of any one. Esprit d’une haute —; an intellect of great range of thought. La — d’un raisonnement; the scope or bearing of an argument.

☉porte-enseigne, n.m., (—) standard-bearer.

porte-épée, n.m., (—) sword-bearer; sword-belt, sword-hanger.

porte-éperon, n.m., (—, or —-—s) spur-strap.

porte-étendard, n.m., (—) standard-bearer; cornet.

porte-étrier, n.m., (—) stirrup-strap.

porte-étrivière, n.m., stirrup-bar.

*porte-éventail, n.m., (—) fan-carrier.

portefaix, n.m., porter, street-porter.

porte-fer, n.m., (—) horse-shoe case, iron-stand.

*portefeuille, n.m., portfolio; pocket-book; (pol.) office, portfolio, bill-case. Tout son bien est en —; all his property is invested in bills. Cet auteur a plusieurs ouvrages en —; that author has several works in manuscript, or lying by. Courir le —; to go office-hunting. En —; (com.) (of bills) in hand.

porte-flambeau, n.m., (— or —-—x) light-bearer; torch-bearer; linkman.

porte-fleurs, n.m., flower-stand.

porte-fouet, n.m., whip-socket; whip-holder.

porte-fourchette, n.m., (—, or —-—s) knife-rest.

porte-fromage, n.m., (—) cheese-tray or stand.

porte-fût, n.m., cask-stand.

porte-gargousse, n.m., (—) (nav.) cartridge-box.

porte-giberne, n.m., (mil.) pouch-belt.

porte-hache, n.m., (milit.) axe-case; axe-bearer.

porte-haubans, n.m., (—) (nav.) chain-wale.

porte-huilier, n.m., (—) cruet-stand.

porte-lanterne, n.m., lantern-fly; lamp-bracket (bicycles).

porte-lettres, n.m., (—) letter-case.

porte-liqueurs, n.m., (—) liquor-frame.

porte-livre, n.m., book-prop.

porte-lof, n.m., (—, or —-—s) (nav.) bumkin.

porte-malheur, n.m., (—) ill omen, bearer of ill-luck.

porte-malle, n.m., (—). V. porte-balle.

portemanteau, n.m., portmanteau; coat-peg, coat-stand; coat-rail.

porte-masse, n.m., mace-bearer.

porte-mèche, n.m., (—) wick-holder; (surg.) tent-probe.

portement, n.m., (paint.) carrying, bearing. — de croix; carrying the cross.

porte-mitre, n.m., (—) miter-bearer.

porte-monnaie, n.m., (—) purse, flat-purse.

porte-montre, n.m., (—) watch-stand.

porte-montres, n.m., (—) show-case (for watches).

porte-mors, n.m., (—) heading-rein, check-piece.

porte-mouchettes, n.m., (—) snuffer-tray.

porte-mousqueton, n.m., (—) carbine-swivel, hook.

porte-musc, n.m., (—). V. musc (mam.).

porte-musique, n.m., music-stand; canterbury.

porte-objet, n.m., (—, or —-—s) object-holder, slide.

porte-page, n.m., (—) (print.) page-paper.

porte-parapluies, n.m., (—) umbrella-stand.

porte-parole, n.m., mouthpiece, spokesman.

porte-peigne, n.m., comb-bag, comb-case.

porte-pièce, n.m., (—, or —-—s) shoemaker’s punch.

porte-pierre, n.m., (—) (surg.) caustic-case.

porte-pipe, n.m., (—) pipe-case.

porte-plume, n.m., (—, or —-—s) pen-holder.

porte-plumes, n.m., (—) pen-case.

porte-queue, n.m., (—, or —-—s) train-bearer. Grand —; (orni.) swallow-tail butterfly.

porte-queues, n.m., (billiards) cue-rack.

porter (-tèr), n.m., porter (beer).

porter, v.a., to carry, to bear; to bring; to support; to wear, to have on; to convey, to declare, to express, to measure; to bring forth, to yield, to produce; to declare, to manifest, to induce, to prompt, to impel, to urge, to prevail, to excite, to persuade, to contain, to import, to hit, to strike, to take effect, to tell. — un fardeau; to carry a burden. L’un portant l’autre; one with another, upon an average. Vous en porterez le péché; the sin will lie at your door. Il ne porte jamais d’argent sur lui; he never carries money about him. — un habit; to wear a coat. — le deuil; to be in mourning. — perruque; to wear a wig. — ses cheveux; to wear one’s own hair. — une bague au doigt; to wear a ring on one’s finger. Il a porté la livrée; he has worn a livery, he has been a servant. Elle porte la culotte; she wears the breeches or the gray mare is the better horse. — l’épée; to wear a sword. — les armes; to carry arms, to shoulder arms. — la tête haute; to carry one’s head high. — le bras en écharpe; to carry one’s arm in a sling. — aux nues; to laud to the skies. — son pied en dedans; to walk with the feet turned in. — (le nez) au vent; to toss (the head) in the air; (of a horse) its nose in the wind. Le — haut; to carry it with a high hand. — la main à l’épée; to lay one’s hand upon one’s sword. — une botte; (fenc.) to make a thrust. Porter coup; to strike home or to tell. — ses vues bien haut; to have great aspirations. Somme qui porte intérêt; sum that yields or bears interest. Il en portera la peine; he will suffer for it. Vin qui porte bien l’eau; wine that bears being watered. Ils l’ont porté à la vengeance; they have excited him to revenge. Être porté à la vertu; to be inclined to virtue. L’ordre du roi ne porte pas cela; the king’s order does not convey as much. L’arrêt porte condamnation; the sentence carries condemnation with it. La déclaration porte que; the declaration stipulates that. — amitié à quelqu’un; to bear any one friendship. — respect; to respect. — envie; to envy. — bonheur; to bring good luck. — préjudice; to be prejudicial to. — témoignage; to bear witness. — son jugement sur quelque chose; to pass judgment upon anything. — une santé; to propose a toast, to drink to the health of.

se porter, v.r., to be, to do (of health); to tend, to incline; to be inclined, to be disposed; to be worn; to proceed; to repair; to move; to stand forth; to be prone, to resort, to flock (to); to turn, to be directed. Comment vous portez-vous? how do you do? Se — bien; to be well, in good health. Ne pas se — bien; to be unwell. — sur les lieux; to repair to the place. Cette pièce réussit, la foule s’y porte; the piece has caught on, crowds go to see it. Il se porte au bien; he is well disposed. Il s’est porté à cela lui-même; he took to that of his own accord. Se — fort pour quelqu’un; to answer for any one, to stand security for any one. Portez-vous bien! good health! take care of yourself.

porter, v.n., to bear, to rest, to lie; (artil., man.) to carry; (nav.) to stand, to bear off; (her.) to bear; to aim at; to hit, to take effect; to reach; to bear young, to be with young (of animals). Le carrosse porte sur la flèche; the coach bears upon the pole. Un raisonnement qui porte à faux; an inconclusive argument, a remark not to the point. Tous les coups que l’on tire ne portent pas; all shots fired do not carry home, or hit the mark. Ce vin porte à la tête; that wine goes to the head. Sa vue porte loin; his eye reaches far. — au nord-ouest; to stand to the north-west. Les voiles portent; the sails are full. — gueules; (her.) to bear gules.

porte-respect, n.m., (—) weapon carried in self-defence; life-preserver; mark of dignity; person of an imposing exterior.

porte-rideau, n.m., (—-—x) curtain-pole.

porte-rôtie, n.m., (—-—s) toast-stand, toast-rack.

porte-scie, n.m., (—, or —-—s) (ent.) saw-fly. Insectes —; saw-flies.

porte-serviettes, n.m., towel-horse.

porte-tapisserie, n.m., (—) tapestry frame.

porte-trait, n.m., (—, or —-—s) trace-strap, trace-robin.

porteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., porter, carrier, heaver; bearer; (com.) holder. Le — d’une lettre; the bearer of a letter. Payable au —; payable to bearer. Cheval —; near-side horse. — de chaise; chairman.

porte-vent, n.m., (—) (mus.) wind-trunk (of organs).

porte-verge, n.m., (—, or —-—s) verger, beadle.

porte-vergue, n.f., (—) (nav.) iron-horse.

porte-vis, n.m., (—) screw-piece.

porte-voix, n.m., (—) speaking-trumpet.

portier (-tié), n.m., porter, door-keeper.

portière (-ti-èr), n.f., curtain (before a door); carriage-door; portress.

portière, adj.f., of an age to bear (of cows).

portion, n.f., portion, part, share; allowance, pittance. — de nourriture; allowance of food. Diminuer la — de quelqu’un; to curtail any one’s allowance.

portioncule, n.f., (l.u.) a small portion.

portique, n.m., portico, doorway; porch.

portor, n.m., portor (black marble).

☉portraire, v.a., to portray, to depict, to paint.

portrait, n.m., portrait, likeness, picture, image, description. Peintre de —s; portrait painter. — en grand; full size portrait. — à l’huile; portrait in oils. — en pied; full length portrait. — flatté; flattering portrait. — chargé; caricature.

portraitiste, n.m.f., portrait-painter.

portraiture, n.f., ☉portraiture; portrait-painting. Livre de —; (paint.) drawing-book.

portugais, n.m., Portuguese (language).

portugais, -e, n. and adj., Portuguese.

portulan, n.m., (nav.) a book (of sea-ports).

posage, n.m., laying; laying down; (of bells, etc.) putting up.

pose, n.f., laying, setting, laying down on; posture, attitude; show, sham, make-believe; hanging (of bells); stationing, posting (of sentries). — de la première pierre; laying of the foundation stone.

posé, -e, part., laid, set, poised, bearing, resting, leaning. Cela —, il s’ensuit que; this being granted, it follows that. Un homme bien — dans le monde; a man in a good position, a man of standing.

posé, -e, adj., sedate, staid, sober, grave.

posément, adv., sedately, staidly.

poser, v.a., to place, to set, to lay down; to suppose, to admit, to grant; to post up; to hang, to put up (bells); (mus.) to pitch; (arith.) to put down; to pose (at dominoes). — le pied; to set foot. Posez votre paquet; lay down your bundle. — l’arme à terre; to ground arms. — les armes; to lay down one’s arms. — une figure; to put a figure in the proper position. — la première pierre d’un édifice; to lay the first stone of an edifice. — à sec; to lay down dry. — à cru; to erect timber framework on the bare ground. — à plat; to lay down flat. — une sonnette; to hang a bell. — des gardes; to post guards. — en fait; to lay down as a fact. — une question; to put a question. Posons que cela soit; let us suppose it to be so. Il pose bien sa voix; he gives his voice the proper pitch.

se poser, v.r., to place, perch, pitch, settle one’s self; to assume an attitude, to set up for; to pitch (of birds).

poser, v.n., to bear, to rest, to lean; to take a posture, to stand, to dance attendance, to wait, to sit for one’s portrait, to attitudinize.

poseur, n.m., one who lays down stones, etc.; setter, layer; (rail.) plate-layer. — de sonnettes; bell-hanger.

poseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., one who gives himself airs; a prig, a snob.

positi-f, -ve, adj., positive, certain, practical; certain, sure, matter-of-fact. Ce fait est —; it is a positive fact. Un esprit —; a practical mind. C’est un homme —; he is a matter-of-fact man. Elle ne m’avait rien promis de —; she had made me no positive or definite promise. C’est —! it’s a fact!

positif, n.m., positive reality, certainty, fact; (gram.) positive.

position, n.f., position, situation, status, standing; posture; stand, place; station of life, case, state; circumstances. — embarrassante; involved circumstances. Fausse —; (arith.) false position. Dans une bonne —; well off. Dans une — peu élevée; in a small, or inferior, position. Être en — de; to be able to. Quelle est sa —? how is he circumstanced?

positivement (-tiv-mān), adv., positively, exactly, expressly, explicitly.

positivisme, n.m., (philos.) positivism.

positiviste, n.m., (philos.) positivist, follower of positivism.

pospolite, n.f., pospolite (Polish nobility).

possédé, n.m., -e, n.f., person possessed, madman, maniac. Un homme — du démon; a man possessed of the devil. Il se démène comme un —; he lays about him like a madman.

posséder, v.a., to possess, to be possessed of, to be master of, to be conversant with, to enjoy, to own, to hold, to have, to be worth (of a person); to be acquainted with. — un emploi; to hold a situation. Les vertus qu’il possède; the virtues he is possessed of. L’ambition le possède; he is eaten up with ambition. Le diable le possède; the devil is in him. Bien — une langue; to be thorough master of a language. Bien — son sujet; to have a thorough command of one’s subject.

se posséder, v.r., to command one’s temper, to command one’s self, to master one’s passions, to contain one’s self. Ne point se —; to be beside one’s self. Il ne se possède pas de joie; he is beside himself with joy.

possesseur, n.m., possessor, owner, master; occupant, occupier. — légitime; lawful possessor.

possessif, n.m. and adj., (gram.) possessive case; possessive.

possession, n.f., possession, occupation, right, privilege. Mettre en —; to give possession, to invest. — antérieure; preoccupancy. Prise de —; taking possession. — injuste; wrongful possession. Être en — de; to be able to, to have the right or privilege (of).

possessoire, adj., (jur.) possessory. Action —; possessory action.

possessoire, n.m., (jur.) possession (of real property).

posset, n.m., posset.

possibilité, n.f., possibility.

possible, adj., possible. Il est — de le faire; it is possible to do it. Il est — qu’il le fasse; he may possibly do it. Venez le plus tôt —; come as early as you can.

possible, n.m., possibility, utmost. Faire tout son —; to do one’s utmost. Je ferai tout mon —; I’ll do whatever lies in my power, or the best I can, or all I can. Au —; amazingly, to a degree. C’est —; very likely, that may be. Pas —! you don’t say so!

postal, -e, adj., postal, of the post.

postalement, adv., by post.

postcommunion, n.f., (c.rel.) post-communion.

postdate, n.f., (l.u.) postdate.

postdater, v.a., to postdate.

poste, n.m., post; guard-house, station; station-house; place, employment; (nav.) berth; station (of a ship). — de chirurgiens; surgeons’ berth. — des malades; cockpit. — de combat; quarters. — d’un vaisseau; station of a ship in a fleet. Être à — fixe dans un lieu; to be stationed in a place, to reside on the spot; (fig.) to be a fixture. Être à son —; to be at one’s post.

poste, n.f., post, post-house; post-stage; post-office; mail; buck-shot. Aller en —; to travel post. Courir, or aller, la —; to ride or travel post; to go post-haste, very fast. Chevaux de —; post-horses. — aux chevaux; post-house. — aux lettres; letter-post, pillar post. Bureau de —; post-office. — pour —; by return of post. Maître de —; postmaster. Relais de —; post-stage. — restante; till called for. Directeur des —s; postmaster general. Grande —; General Post-office. Petite —; district post-office; receiving house.

posté, -e, part., placed, stationed.

postel, n.m., teasel, kind of thistle (used in cloth manufactories).

poster, v.a., to station, to place, to post.

postérieur, -e, adj., posterior, subsequent, later; future.

postérieur, n.m., posteriors.

postérieurement (-eur-mān), adv., subsequently, after, since.

à posteriori, adv., (log.) a posteriori (from the effect to the cause); or from what follows.

postériorité, n.f., posteriority.

postérité, n.f., posterity, issue. En appeler à la —; to appeal to posterity. Transmettre son nom à la — la plus reculée; to transmit, or hand down, one’s name to the remotest posterity. Passer à la —; to be handed down to posterity.

postface, n.f., address (placed at the end of a work), after-address.

☉postfixe, n.m., (gram.) postfix, termination.

posthume, n.m. and adj., posthumous child; posthumous. Œuvres —s; posthumous works. Un fils —; a posthumous son. C’est un —; he is a posthumous child.

postiche, adj., superadded; false, misplaced; false, artificial, sham, mock; (milit.) provisional acting. Dents —s; false teeth. Cheveux —s; false hair. Caporal —; acting-corporal.

*postillon, n.m., postilion; post-boy; (backgammon) mark above the half.

postposer, v.a., ☉to put after; (book-bind.) to transpose.

postpositi-f, -ve, adj., (gram.) postpositive.

postposition, n.f., postposition.

postscénium, n.m., (—) postscenium.

post-scriptum (-tom), n.m., (—) postscript.

postulance, n.f., application, candidature.

postulant, n.m., -e, n.f., postulant, candidate, applicant.

postulat, n.m., postulate.

postulation, n.f., conducting a suit, or cause; (canon law) application for a dispensation.

postulatum, n.m., (postulata) (philos.) postulate. V. postulat.

postuler, v.a., to solicit; to apply for, to be a candidate for; (ecc.) to apply for a dispensation. — une place; to apply for a place.

postuler, v.n., to conduct a suit, to plead.

posture, n.f., posture, attitude, situation, condition.

pot, n.m., pot, jug; tankard, can, jar; (stationery) foolscap; ☉pot, morion, helmet. Mettre en —; to pot. — de chambre; chamber-pot. Bête comme un —; as stupid as an owl. Mettre le — sur le feu; to put the pot on the fire. Prendre la fortune du —; to take pot-luck. — pourri; hotch-potch; jar filled with all sorts of flowers; medley, jumble, olio. — à feu; (artil.) fireball, cresset, fire-pot. —-au-feu; (—) meat to boil (to make soup); broth; (fig.) bread and butter, bread and cheese. — à l’eau; water-jug. — au lait; milk-can. Tourner autour du —; to beat about the bush. Gare le — au noir; beware of the danger. Découvrir le — aux roses; to find out the secret, to lay bare the mystery. Il en payera les —s cassés; he will pay for the damage, stand the racket. C’est le — de terre contre le — de fer; it is the earthen pot against the iron pot (i.e., the weak against the strong). Un — fêlé dure longtemps; threatened men live long. Il n’y a si méchant — qui ne trouve son couvercle; every Jack has his Jill. Être à — et à rôt avec; to be great pals with or to be very thick with.

potable, adj., drinkable.

potage, n.m., porridge, soup. — aux herbes; vegetable soup. Il ne trouva que cela pour tout —; that’s all he found. Pour tout —; in all, all told.

potager, n.m., kitchen-stove; kitchen-garden; soup-pan.

potag-er, -ère, adj., culinary, cooking. Herbes, or plantes, —ères; pot-herbs. Jardin —; kitchen-garden.

potamot, n.m., (bot.) pond-weed.

potasse, n.f., potash. — d’Amérique; pearl-ash.

potassium (-siom), n.m., potassium.

pot-de-vin, n.m., (—s-—) gratuity; premium; good-will; bonus; bribe; tip.

pote, adj., (fam.) big, swollen, sore (of the hand).

poteau, n.m., post, stake, pillar. — cornier; corner-post. — indicateur or guide; finger-post; sign-post. — d’enseigne; sign-post. — d’arrivée; winning-post. — de départ; starting-post.

potée, n.f., potful; houseful or swarm (of children); putty (of tin); (metal.) molding, luting loam. — d’étain; putty-powder. — d’émeri; emery dust.

potelé, -e (po-tlé), adj., plump, fat, chubby.

potelet (po-tlè), n.m., (carp.) strut; prop.

potence, n.f., gallows, gibbet; bracket; prop; crutch (shaped in the form of a T); sliding rule for measuring the height of men and horses; (nav.) gallowsbit; (horl.) potence. Gibier de —; Newgate or jail bird.

potentat, n.m., potentate.

potentiel, -le, (-ci-èl), adj., (med., gram.) potential.

potentiellement (-ci-èl-), adv., potentially.

*potentille, n.f., (bot.) cinque-foil.

poterie (-trî), n.f., pottery, earthenware. — de grès; stoneware.

poterne, n.f., (fort.) postern.

potiche, n.f., China or Japan vase.

potier (-tié), n.m., potter. Terre à —; potter’s clay. — d’étain; pewterer.

potin, n.m., pinchbeck; (fam.) gossip, tittle-tattle.

potion, n.f., (med.) potion, draught.

potiron, n.m., pumpkin.

☉potron-jaquet or potron-minet, n.m. V. patron-jaquet.

pou, n.m., louse. Des —x; lice.

pouacre, n.m. and adj., (pop.) niggardly; nasty fellow; filthy; nasty.

pouah! int., faugh! ugh!

pouce, n.m., thumb; inch. Il s’en mordra les —s; he will rue it, or regret it. Serrer les —s à quelqu’un; to wrest a secret from any one. Mettre les —s; to give in; to knuckle under. Manger sur le —; to have a snack.

poucet, n.m., small thumb. Le petit —; Tom Thumb.

poucettes, n.f.pl., manacles (for the thumbs).

poucier, n.m., thumb-stall.

pou-de-soie, n.m., (—x-—) or poult-de-soie, n.m., (—s-—) (silk) paduasoy; stout silk.

pouding, n.m., pudding.

poudingue (-dingh), n.m., pudding-stone.

poudre, n.f., dust, sand; powder; gunpowder. — d’or; gold dust. Sucre en —; castor sugar. Réduire en —; to pulverize. Jeter de la — aux yeux de quelqu’un; to throw dust into the eyes of any one, to impose on any one. Du tabac en —; snuff. — de chasse; shooting-powder. Du café en —; ground coffee. — à canon; gunpowder. La soute aux —s; (nav.) the powder magazine. Les —s; the powder magazine. Il n’a pas inventé la —; he is no conjurer; he will never set the Thames on fire. Mettre le feu aux —s; (fig.) to fan the flame.

poudrer, v.a., to powder, to pounce, to sprinkle.

se poudrer, v.r., to powder one’s hair.

poudrerie, n.f., gunpowder factory.

poudrette, n.f., dried night soil. Faire la —; (of fowls) to roll in the dust.

poudreu-x, -se, adj., dusty, powdery. C’est un pied —; he is a vagabond, a tramp.

poudrier, n.m., sand-box, pounce-box; gunpowder-maker.

poudrière, n.f., powder-mill; powder magazine; sand-box.

poudroyer, v.a., to fill, or cover, with dust. v.n., to rise (of the dust); to be dusty (of roads).

pouf, n.m., puff; puffery, hoax; ottoman seat; centre ottoman. Faiseur de —s; (fig.) puffer; boaster, charlatan. Faire des —s; to disappear without paying one’s debts.

pouf, adv., plump, bang. À —; (pop.) on tick, on credit.

pouf, adj. invariable, crumbling (of stones).

pouffer, v.n., to puff. Only used in — de rire; to burst out laughing.

poufferie, n.f., puffery.

pouffiste, n.m., puffer.

*pouillé, n.m., register of benefices.

*pouiller, v.a., (pop.) to rail at, to abuse.

*se pouiller, v.r., (pop.) to abuse each other.

*pouilles, n.f.pl., abuse, abusive language. Il m’a chanté —; he abused me.

*pouilleu-x, -se, n. and adj., lousy person; beggarly fellow; lousy, wretched, mean.

*pouillot, n.m., (orni.) pewet.

*poulailler, n.m., hen-house, poultry-house; poultry-cart; (of persons) poulterer, poultry salesman.

poulain, n.m., foal, colt; (med.) bubo.

poulaine, n.f., (nav.) figure-head.

poulan, n.m., (at cards) pool.

poularde, n.f., fat pullet; capon.

poule, n.f., hen; fowl; pool (play). Jeune —; pullet. — d’Inde; turkey-hen. — d’eau; moor-hen. Faire venir la chair de —; to make one’s flesh creep, to make one shudder. Plumer la — sans la faire crier; to make any one disgorge without any fuss. — mouillée; milk-sop (pers.).

poulet, n.m., chicken; love-letter; (stationery) fancy note-paper.

poulette, n.f., young hen, pullet; lass. À la —; with white sauce.

☉poulevrin. V. pulvérin.

pouliche, n.f., filly, foal.

poulie, n.f., pulley; (nav.) block.

poulier, v.a., to hoist, to lift up, with a pulley.

poulierie, n.f., block-shed; block-manufacture; block-manufactory.

poulieur, n.m., block-maker.

☉poulin, -e. V. poulain, pouliche.

pouliner, v.n., to foal (of mares).

poulinière, n.f. Jument —; brood mare.

pouliot, n.m., (bot.) penny-royal.

poulpe, n.m., (mol.) octopus, devil-fish.

pouls (poo), n.m., pulse. — déréglé; irregular pulse. — faible; low pulse. — élevé; high pulse. — formicant; small, weak and frequent pulse. Se tâter le —; to feel one’s own pulse; (fig.) to gauge one’s strength. Tâter le — à quelqu’un; to feel any one’s pulse. Le — lui bat; his pulse beats.

poult-de-soie, n.m. (—s-—). V. pou-de-soie.

poumon, n.m., lung, lungs.

poupard, n.m., (triv.) babe, baby, baby-doll.

poupart, n.m., large edible crab.

poupe, n.f., poop, stern. À — carrée, square-sterned. À — étroite; vertical-sterned. Vent en —; stern-wind. Mettre vent en —; to bear away before the wind. Mouiller en —; to moor by the stern. Avoir le vent en —; to sail before the wind; (fig.) to be in luck’s way.

poupée, n.f., doll; puppet; (arch.) poppy-head; (hort.) crown-graft; bunch of hemp or flax tied to the distaff. Enter en —; (hort.) to graft in the bark.

poupin, -e, n. and adj., (fam.) fop, beau, dandy, belle; smart, spruce, dashy.

poupon, n.m., -ne, n.f., plump, chub-cheeked baby, boy, girl. Ma —ne; my darling.

pour, prep., for; on account of; in order; towards; to; though, notwithstanding. — toujours, — jamais; for ever. — le moins; at least. — cet effet; therefore, for this purpose. — ainsi dire; as it were, so to speak. Il fera cela — vous; he will do that for your sake. On l’a laissé — mort; he was left for dead. — qui me prenez-vous? whom do you take me for? Je le tiens — mon ami; I take him to be, or consider him, my friend. — moi; for my part, as for me. — ce qui est de moi, j’y consens; for my part I consent to it. Comme —; as if, as much as (to). — ce qui est de; as regards, as for.

pour, n.m., for, pro. Les — et les contre; the pros and cons.

pourboire, n.m., drink-money; tip. Demander un —; to ask for something (over and above the legal fare).

pourceau, n.m., hog, pig, swine. Etable à —x; hog-sty. — de mer; sea-hog, porpoise. C’est un vrai —; he is a perfect beast.

pour-cent, n.m., percentage.

pourchasser, v.a., to pursue, to seek eagerly; to chase; to dun, to badger.

pourfendeur, n.m., (l.u.) killer; swaggerer, bully. — de géants; giant-killer, braggadocio.

pourfendre, v.a., (fam.) to cleave asunder, to cleave; to kill outright.

pourir, v.n. V. pourrir.

pourissage or pourrissage, n.m., (tech.) retting.

pourissoir or pourrissoir, n.m., (tech.) retting vat.

pouriture, n.f. V. pourriture.

pourlécher, v.a., (l.u.) to lick all over; (fig.) to polish, to labor.

se pourlécher, v.r., (fam.) to lick one’s chops; (fig.) to gloat over (in anticipation).

pour lors, adv., then, after that; at that time; henceforward.

pourparler, n.m., parley, conference. Entrer en —s; to enter into negotiations; to discuss.

pour peu que, conj., ever so little, however little; if only.

pourpier, n.m., (bot.) purslain.

pourpoint, n.m., doublet. À brûle-—; quite close; point-blank. Mettre quelqu’un en —; to ruin any one. Se mettre en —; to be ready to fight. Un argument à brûle —; a convincing, irresistible argument. Donner à quelqu’un un — de pierre; to clap any one into prison.

pourpre, n.m., purple; (med.) purples; (her.) purpure.

pourpre, adj., purple.

pourpre, n.f., purple (stuff); purple-dye; purple-fish; (fig.) sovereign dignity; cardinalate. Porter la —; to wear the purple. Être né dans la —; to be born in a palace, in the purple.

pourpré, -e, adj., purpled, purple. Fièvre —e; purpura, petechial fever.

pourprier, n.m., (mol.) purpura.

☉pourpris, n.m., inclosure; abode, home.

pour que, conj., in order that, so that, to.

pourquoi, adv., why, wherefore. — cela? why so? — pas? why not?

pourquoi, conj., why, for what, upon what account; for what reason. Demandez-moi —; I don’t know why (i.e. I should like to know why). C’est —; therefore.

pourquoi, n.m., the reason why; the why and the wherefore. Je voudrais bien savoir le —; I would fain know the why and the wherefore.

pourri, n.m., rottenness, rotten part.

pourri, -e, part., rotten. — de cuisson; done to rags. Pomme —e; rotten apple. Pierre —e; rotten stone.

pourrir, v.n., to rot, to grow rotten; to perish.

pourrir, v.a., to rot, to make rotten; to mature (of a cold), to ripen.

se pourrir, v.r., to get rotten.

pourrissage, n.m. V. pourissage.

pourrissant, -e, adj., rotting.

pourrissoir, n.m. V. pourissoir.

pourriture, n.f., rot, rottenness, putrefaction, decay; (agri.) brown rust; (vet.) rot.

poursuite, n.f., pursuit, chase; prosecution; persecution; (jur.) suit, action, proceedings. Intenter des —s; (jur.) to institute proceedings, to take proceedings.

poursuivable, adj., actionable.

poursuivant, n.m., candidate; suitor, wooer; (jur.) prosecutor, plaintiff. — d’armes; pursuivant at arms.

poursuivant, adj., pursuing; (jur.) suing, prosecuting.

poursuivre, v.a., to pursue, to hunt, to chase; to endeavor to obtain, to seek for; to go on (with), to proceed (with), to follow up; to persecute, to annoy, to beset; to haunt; (jur.) to sue; (jur.) to prosecute, to action. — quelqu’un en justice; to prosecute any one at law. — l’ennemi; to pursue the enemy. — un procès; to carry on a lawsuit. — une charge; to endeavor to obtain a post. — une pension; to solicit a pension. — son discours; to proceed with one’s speech. — son chemin; to proceed on one’s way, to pursue one’s road, to go on one’s way.

se poursuivre, v.r., to pursue one another, to be pursued, to be continued; (jur.) to be sued; to be prosecuted.

poursuivre, v.n., to pursue, to continue. Poursuivez! go on!

pourtant, adv., however, howsoever, yet, still, for all that, notwithstanding, though, nevertheless.

pourtour, n.m., periphery, circumference, circuit; pit-tier (in a theatre).

pourvoi, n.m., (jur.) appeal (for reversal of judgment), application. — en grâce; petition for mercy.

pourvoir, v.n., to see to, to look to; to attend to; to provide (for), to supply, to make provision for; to nominate, to appoint. Pourvoyez à cette affaire; see to that business. — à sa subsistance; to provide for one’s living. — à un bénéfice; to prefer to a living, to appoint, to nominate to a living.

pourvoir, v.a., to invest with, to put in possession of; to provide, to supply, to furnish, to stock; to endow. — une place de vivres; to victual a garrison. Ce père a bien pourvu tous ses enfants; that father has made a handsome provision for all his children.

se pourvoir, v.r., to provide one’s self; to apply, to sue, to make application for. Se — en justice; to sue at law. Se — par appel; to enter an appeal. Se — en cassation; to appeal for a reversal of judgment. Se — en grâce; to petition for mercy.

☉pourvoirie, n.f., provision-store.

pourvoyant, adj., providing, provident.

pourvoyeur, n.m., purveyor, provider, caterer; (fig.) go-between.

pourvoyeuse, n.f., procuress.

pourvu que, conj., provided that; provided; it is to be hoped that, let us hope that. — — vous le fassiez; provided you do it.

pousse, n.f., shoot, sprout; (vet.) heaves, shortness of breath, broken wind (in horses); asthma; ☉bum-bailiffs (sheriff’s officers); bitterness (a disease in wines); choke-damp (in mines).

poussé, -e, part., pushed. Ce cheval est — de nourriture; this horse has been fed too much. Du vin —; turbid, diseased wine.

pousse-café, n.m., liqueur (after coffee).

☉pousse-cul, n.m., (—, or —-—s) bum-bailiff.

poussée, n.f., pushing, thrusting; push, thrust (of arches); press (of business). Donner la — à quelqu’un; to follow up any one closely. Faire une belle —; (fam., iron.) to do a mighty fine thing. Donner une — à; to give a push to.

pousse-pieds, n.m. (—). V. anatife.

pousser, v.a., to push, to give a push to, to thrust, to give a thrust to, to shove, to shove on, to drive, to drive on, to impel; to strike, to throw, to hit; to carry on, to extend, to forward; to send forth, to shoot forth, to put out, to put forth (of plants); to urge, to stir up, to provoke, to impel, to incite, to instigate; to bring forward, to assist forward, to help on; to utter (a groan); to heave, to fetch (a sigh). — en avant; to push on. — dehors; to thrust out. — un cheval; to urge on a horse. — le temps avec l’épaule; (prov.) to endeavor to gain time. — la porte au nez de quelqu’un; to slam the door in any one’s face. — le dé; to throw the dice. — une botte; (fenc.) to make a thrust. — un mur plus loin; to carry a wall further on. — un raisonnement trop loin; to carry an argument too far. — à bout; to provoke beyond endurance. — une affaire à bout; to carry a thing to a successful issue or to go through with anything. — une tranchée; to carry forward a trench. — des cris; to utter cries. — des soupirs; to heave sighs. Vous me poussez trop; you urge me too far. C’est un tel qui l’a poussé; it was so and so who egged him on. — sa pointe; to pursue one’s point. On l’a poussé à se battre; they set him on to fight. — quelqu’un de questions; to badger, to ply any one with questions. Les arbres commencent à — des boutons; the trees are beginning to put forth buds.

se pousser, v.r., to push forward, to push one’s self forward, to be pushed forward, to be pushed, to be carried; to push forward one another. Se — de nourriture; to eat too much.

pousser, v.n., to sprout, to sprout forth, to shoot, to shoot forth (of plants); to be broken-winded (of horses); to grow (of the hair, nails); to push forward, to push on, to go on; to bulge, to jut out. Les blés poussent déjà; the corn is already coming up. Ce mur pousse en dehors; this wall bulges outwards. Poussons jusqu’à la forêt; let us push forward, or on, as far as the forest.

poussette, n.f., pushpin (game).

pousseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., pusher, shover; utterer (of sighs).

poussier, n.m., coal-dust; gunpowder-dust; turf-dust.

poussière, n.f., dust, powder; (bot.) pollen, male-seed; (of water) spray. Nuage de —; cloud of dust. — de la mer; spray. Réduire en —; to reduce to dust. Jeter de la — aux yeux de quelqu’un; to throw dust into any one’s eyes. Tirer quelqu’un de la —; to raise any one from the depths of poverty. Il fait de la —; it is dusty, the roads are dusty.

poussiéreu-x, -se, adj., dusty.

poussif, n.m., (pop.) pursy fellow or creature.

poussi-f, -ve, adj., (pop.) pursy; (vet.) short-winded, broken-winded.

poussin, n.m., chick, young chicken. — qui ne fait que d’éclore; chick just out of its shell.

poussinière, n.f., chick-room, chicken-coop; (pop.) (astron.) Pleiades.

poussoir, n.m., (horl.) pusher; driver (dentistry).

poussolane. V. pouzzolane.

poutre, n.f., beam; girder; mote (in the eye).

poutrelle, n.f., small beam; (carp.) stop-plank.

pouvoir (pouvant, pu), v.n., to be able, can, may, to have power, to be allowed, to be possible. — marcher; to be able to walk. Je ne puis vous répondre; I cannot answer you. N’en — plus; to be worn out, to be completely exhausted, to be tired out, to be done up. N’en — mais, ne — mais d’une chose; (fam.) to have had no share (in), nothing to do (with) anything. Pouvait-il mais de cela? could he possibly help that? Puisse-t-il réussir; may he succeed. Il peut arriver que; it may happen that. Il pourrait survenir une circonstance qui changeât la face des choses; some circumstance might arise which would change the whole face of matters. Je n’y puis rien; I cannot help it. Je puis ne pas le faire; I may not do it. Je ne puis pas le faire; I cannot do it. Il peut se faire or il se peut faire que; it may happen that; it may be possible for me to. Vous avez pu voir; you may have seen. Vous n’avez pas pu voir; you cannot have seen. Vous avez pu ne pas voir; you may not have seen. Il peut, or pourrait, avoir vingt ans; he may, or might, be twenty. Cela se pourrait bien; it might be so; it is not at all unlikely. Cela pourrait bien être; it might be so. Il se pourrait bien que; it might be, it might happen that. Il pourrait se faire que; it is not at all unlikely that. Pouvez-vous bien! how can you! Autant que faire se peut; as far as it is possible, On ne peut plus; exceedingly, extremely, etc.

pouvoir, v.a., can do, to be able to do; to have power. Je ne puis rien à cela; I can do nothing in that business. Vous pouvez tout sur lui; you have great power over him. Je ne crois pas le —; I do not think I can do it.

se pouvoir, v.r.imp., to be possible, may be, can be. Cela se peut; that may be, that is possible. Il se pourrait que; it might happen that. Cela ne se peut pas; that is impossible.

pouvoir, n.m., power; sway, authority, might, force, command, government; executive power. Il est en son — de; he has it in his power to. Avoir une chose en son —; to have a thing in one’s possession. Être fondé de —s; to have a power of attorney. Il a plein — de; he has full powers to. Abuser de son —; to abuse one’s power. Avoir un —; (jur.) to have a power of attorney, a letter of attorney.

pouzzolane or pozzolane, n.f., (—s) pozzalana, puzzolana, pozzuolana.

pp., ab. of the word Pères, fathers (of the church).

pragmatique, n.f. and adj., pragmatic sanction; pragmatic.

prairial, n.m., Prairial, ninth month of the calendar of the first French republic, from May 20th to June 18th.

prairie, n.f., meadow, grass-land, grass-field, prairie, savannah. —s artificielles; grounds sown with grass, clover.

praline, n.f., burnt almond.

praliner, v.a., to burn with sugar (like burnt almonds); to crystallize.

prame, n.f., (nav.) pram, dingy (Norwegian boat).

praticabilité, n.f., practicability.

praticable, adj., practicable, feasible, possible; passable (of roads); accessible, real. Si la chose est —; if the thing be practicable. Les chemins ne sont pas —s; the roads are not passable. Porte —, fenêtre —; (thea.) real door, real window.

praticables, n.m.pl., (thea.) real (not painted) objects.

praticien (-si-in), n.m. and adj., practitioner; (sculpt.) figure-carver; practicing. Médecin —; practicing physician.

pratiquant, -e, adj. and n., church-goer, communicant.

pratique, n.f., practice, practical part, observance, usage, habit; dealing, doing, customer, custom; practice (of attorneys, notaries, physicians); Punch’s whistle, squeaker; underhand dealing, secret practice; (nav.) pratique. Mettre en —; to put into practice, to practice. Faire de sourdes —s; to carry on clandestine, underhand dealings. C’est une bonne —; he is a good customer. Donner — à un vaisseau; (nav.) to admit a vessel to pratique. Cet avoué entend bien la —; that attorney is well versed in the practice of the law. Terme de —; law-term. Obtenir, or recevoir, —; (nav.) to take pratique.

pratique, adj., pertaining to practice, practical, experienced. Être — d’un lieu; (nav.) to be a good pilot for a place.

pratiquement (-tik-mān), adv., practically.

pratiquer, v.a., to practice, to exercise; to frequent, to converse with, to keep company with; to tamper with, to suborn, to bribe, to obtain, to procure; (arch.) to contrive, to let in. — la médecine; to practice as a doctor. Se garder de — les méchants; to avoid associating with the wicked. — un chemin; to open a road. — un trou; to make, to contrive, to let in, a hole. — des intelligences; to get intelligence. — des témoins; to suborn witnesses.

se pratiquer, v.r., to be in use, to be practiced, to be customary, to open or make for one’s self (a way). Cela ne se pratique point; that is not usual; such things are not done.

pratiquer, v.n., to practice, to exercise, to frequent, to associate with; to obtain, to open; to build, to contrive; to arrange; (nav.) to have free intercourse.

pré, n.m., meadow, small mead; paddock; ground (to fight a duel). Se trouver sur le —; to be upon the ground.

préadamites, n.m.pl., preadamites.

préalable, adj., preliminary; previous.

préalable, n.m., necessary preliminary; preliminary. Au —; previously, first of all.

préalablement, adv., previously, first.

préambule, n.m., preamble, preface. Point de —; no preface, please! go straight to the point.

préau, n.m., yard, paddock, green; close (of a cathedral); courtyard (of a convent or prison).

prébende, n.f., prebend, prebendaryship.

prébendé, -e, adj., in possession of a prebend; prebendal.

prébendier, n.m., prebendary.

précaire, adj., n.m., precarious; uncertain; precarious tenure.

précairement (-kèr-mān), adv., precariously.

précaution, n.f., precaution; caution, care. Prendre des —s auprès de quelqu’un; to proceed warily with any one. User de —; to use caution.

précautionner, v.a., to warn, to caution.

se précautionner, v.r., to be cautious, to guard against, to take precautions. Se — contre la chaleur; to guard against the heat.

précédemment (-da-mān), adv., before, previously.

précédent, -e, adj., precedent, former, preceding, previous.

précédent, n.m., something done or said previously; precedent.

précéder, v.a., to precede, to go before, to go first; to have or take precedence (of). Il était précédé par, il était précédé de; he was preceded by.

préceinte, n.f., (nav.) wale, bend, rib-band. — basse, première —, seconde —; main wale. Troisième et quatrième —; channel-wale.

précepte, n.m., precept, rule.

précepteur, n.m., tutor, private tutor, preceptor, teacher, master.

préceptoral, -e, adj., preceptorial.

préceptorat, n.m., preceptorship, tutorship.

précession, n.f., (astron.) precession.

prêche, n.m., sermon (Protestant); Protestant church, meeting-house. Quitter le —; to cease to be a Protestant; to turn Catholic.

prêcher, v.a., to preach, to hold forth, to preach up, to extol, to praise, to keep telling, to repeat. — la parole de Dieu; to preach the word of God. Ne — que malheur et misère; to be always complaining of the hardness of the times. — les fidèles; to exhort the faithful. — toujours la même chose; to be always repeating the same thing. — dans le désert; to preach to empty benches; (fig.) to convince no one. Chacun prêche pour son saint; every one has an eye to his own interest, or looks after number one. — ses exploits; to extol, to boast, of one’s exploits.

prêcher, v.n., to preach. — d’exemple; to set the example, to practice what one preaches. — sur la vendange; to preach over one’s cups. On a beau — à qui n’a cœur de bien faire; to reprove a fool is but labor lost.

prêcheu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., (fam.) preacher, sermonizer. Frère —; Dominican friar.

précieuse, n.f., conceited woman; prude; euphuist.

précieusement (-eûz-mān), adv., preciously, carefully; (paint.) very elaborately.

précieu-x, -se, adj., precious, costly, valuable; affected, finical, precise, over-nice. C’est un document des plus —; it is a most valuable document. Tableau d’un fini —; picture of exquisite, or elaborate, finish.

précieux, n.m., affectation, affectedness; affected man.

préciosité, n.f., (l.u.) affectation, affectedness; euphuism.

précipice, n.m., precipice. On l’a tiré du —; he has been rescued from destruction.

☉précipitable, adj., (chem.) precipitable.

précipitamment (-ta-mān), adv., precipitately, hurriedly, rashly, precipitously, headlong.

précipitant, n.m., (chem.) precipitant.

précipitation, n.f., precipitation, haste, hurry; (chem.) precipitation.

précipité, -e, part., precipitated, hurled; precipitate; rash, hasty, sudden. — de haut en bas; hurled headlong from top to bottom. Course —e; hasty flight. Marcher à pas —s; to walk with hurried steps. Départ —; sudden departure.

précipité, n.m., (chem.) precipitate.

précipiter, v.a., to precipitate, to throw, to hurl, to dash down; to hurry on, to hasten; to plunge; (chem.) to precipitate. — sa retraite; to hasten one’s retreat. — ses pas; to quicken one’s steps.

se précipiter, v.r., to precipitate one’s self; to rush forward, to dash forth; to spring forth, to dart, to hurl one’s self (down), to run. Se — sur quelqu’un; to rush upon any one.

préciput, n.m., preference legacy; jointure.

précis, n.m., summary, abstract, compendium, epitome.

précis, -e, adj., precise, distinct, exact, strict, formal, terse, concise, fixed, just. Venir à l’heure —e; to come exactly at the appointed time. Prendre des mesures —es; to take just or strict measures.

précisément, adv., precisely, exactly, quite, just; just so.

préciser, v.a., to state precisely, to specify, to fix, to determine.

précision, n.f., precision, preciseness.

précité, adj., (jur.) above-mentioned, aforesaid.

précoce, adj., precocious, early, forward; premature. Fruit —; early fruit. Un esprit —; a precocious mind.

précocité, n.f., precociousness, precocity.

précompte, n.m., previous deduction.

précompter (-kon-té), v.a., to deduct beforehand or previously.

préconçu, -e, adj., preconceived.

préconisation, n.f., preconization, commendation; praise.

préconiser, v.a., to extol, to cry up, to praise, to recommend; to preconize, to sanction the appointment of.

préconnaissance, n.f., foreknowledge.

préconnaître, v.a., to foreknow.

précordial, -e, adj., (anat.) præcordial.

précurseur, n.m., forerunner, precursor, harbinger, herald. adj., premonitory.

prédécéder, v.n., to die first, to predecease.

prédécès, n.m., predecease.

prédécesseur, n.m., predecessor.

prédestinateur, n.m., predestinator.

prédestinatien (-sî-in), n.m. and adj., predestinarian.

prédestination, n.f., predestination. — à la grâce; predestination to be saved.

prédestiné, -e, n. and adj., one of the elect; elect, predestinated. Avoir un visage de —; to have a happy-looking face.

prédestiner, v.a., to predestinate, to foredoom.

prédéterminant, adj., (theol.) predetermining.

prédétermination, n.f., predetermination.

prédéterminer, v.a., to predetermine.

prédial, -e, adj., predial. Des rentes —es; ground-rents.

prédicable, adj., (log.) predicable.

prédicament, n.m., (log.) predicament.

prédicant, n.m., (b.s.) Protestant preacher.

prédicat, n.m., (log., gram.) predicate.

prédicateur, n.m., preacher, divine, teacher.

prédication, n.f., preaching.

prédiction, n.f., prediction, forecast.

prédilection, n.f., predilection, partiality, preference. De —; favorite.

prédire, v.a., to predict, to foretell, to forebode; to presage, to forecast.

prédisposant, -e, adj., (med.) predisposing.

prédisposer, v.a., (med.) to predispose.

prédisposition, n.f., (med.) predisposition, tendency.

prédominance, n.f., predominance, prevalence.

prédominant, -e, adj., predominant, prevalent, prevailing.

prédominer, v.n., to predominate, to prevail.

prééminence, n.f., pre-eminence.

prééminent, -e, adj., pre-eminent.

préempter, v.a., to preempt, to buy beforehand.

préemption, n.f., preemption.

préétablir, v.a., to preestablish.

préexistant, -e, adj., pre-existent, pre-existing.

préexistence, n.f., pre-existence.

préexister, v.n., to pre-exist.

préface, n.f., preface, preamble, exordium, introduction.

préfectoral, adj., pertaining, relating to a French prefect; prefectorial.

préfecture, n.f., prefectship, prefecture; prefect’s house, prefect’s offices. — de police; headquarters (of the police); Scotland yard.

préférable, adj., preferable.

préférablement, adv., preferably.

préférence, n.f., preference. De —; in preference.

préférer, v.a., to prefer, to choose.

préfet, n.m., (Rom. antiq.) prefect; chief administrator of each department in France. — des études; vice-principal (of schools). — de police; chief commissioner of police. — maritime; naval commander-in-chief (of a district).

préfète, n.f., “préfet’s” wife.

préfinir, v.a., (jur.) to fix a term, or a delay, to limit, to prearrange, to appoint.

préfix (-fiks), -e, adj., (jur.) prefixed, appointed.

préfixe, n.m. and adj., (gram.) prefix; prefixed.

préfixion, n.f., (jur.) settled time, prefixion.

préfloraison, n.f., (bot.) prefloration.

préfoliation, n.f., (bot.) foliation, vernation.

☉prégnation, n.f., gestation (of animals).

préhensible, adv., prehensible.

préhensile, adj., prehensile.

préhension, n.f., prehension.

préhistorique, adj., pre-historic, pre-historical.

préjudice, n.m., prejudice, hurt, wrong, detriment, injury, loss, damage. Il a obtenu cela à mon —; he obtained that to my prejudice, or to my detriment. Cela vous portera —; that will be detrimental to you. Au — de; to the detriment of. Sans — de mes droits; without prejudice to my claims.

préjudiciable, adj., prejudicial, detrimental, injurious, hurtful.

préjudiciaux, adj.m.pl. Frais —; (jur.) previous costs.

préjudiciel, -le, adj., (jur.) interlocutory. Question —le; interlocutory question (to be decided previous to the principal action).

préjudicier, v.n., to prejudice, to do prejudice (to), to be prejudicial, to be detrimental (to), to hurt, to injure.

préjugé, n.m., presumption, appearance, prejudice; (jur.) precedent. Exempt de —s; free from prejudices. Homme sans —; unprejudiced man. Se défaire de ses —s d’enfance; to rid one’s self of one’s early prejudices. Dissiper les —s; to remove prejudices.

préjuger, v.a., to prejudge; to conjecture; to foresee, to guess (at); (jur.) to give an interlocutory judgment.

prélart or prélat, n.m., (nav.) tarpaulin.

se prélasser, v.r., to strut, to stalk (past), to parade, to make a great show; to loll, to lounge; to take one’s ease.

prélat, n.m., prelate; (nav.) V. prélart.

☉prélation, n.f., preference, prelation.

prélature, n.f., prelacy, episcopacy.

prèle or presle, n.f., (bot.) horsetail, shave-grass.

prélegs (-lè), n.m., preference, legacy.

préléguer (-ghé), v.a., to give as a preference-legacy.

prèler, v.a., to rub with horsetail.

prélèvement (-lèv-mān), n.m., previous deduction, levying.

prélever (prél-vé), v.a., to deduct, to take off first, to levy. Se —; to be deducted previously, to be levied.

préliminaire, n.m. and adj., preliminary.

préliminairement, adv., preliminarily.

prélire, v.a., (print.) to read a first time.

prélude, n.m., prelude.

préluder, v.n., to prelude, to flourish, to play a prelude. — à une chose par une autre; to make one thing a prelude to another.

prématuré, -e, adj., premature, untimely.

prématurément, adv., prematurely.

prématurité, n.f., prematureness, prematurity.

préméditation, n.f., premeditation, malice aforethought; (jur.) malice prepense. Avec —; designedly, willfully; with malice aforethought.

prémédité, -e, part., premeditated.

préméditer, v.a., to premeditate. Se —; to be premeditated.

prémices, n.f.pl., first-fruits; (fig) beginning.

premi-er, -ère, adj., first; foremost; opening; premier; chief, principal; former, ancient, old, primitive, primeval; early prime; (of materials) raw. Nos —s parents; our first parents. Les —s temps du monde; the early ages of the world. Au — abord; at first view, or sight. — en date; senior. En — lieu; in the first place. ☉—-pris; wretched-looking man. Il a l’air d’un —-pris; he looks wretched. — venu; first comer; no matter who. —-né (—s-—s) first-born. En —e; in a first-class carriage. Les —es; first tier boxes or dress-circle; first-class cabin or saloon cabin. Matière —e; raw material. Les —s vont devant; first come, first served.

premier, n.m., former; first; first floor; chief, head, leader. Jeune —, m., jeune —ère, f., V. jeune. Il demeure au —; he lives on the first floor.

premièrement (-mièr-mān), adv., first, firstly, in the first place.

prémisses, n.f.pl., (log.) premises.

prémonitoire, adj., (med.) premonitory.

prémontrés, n.m.pl., Premonstrants, a regular order of canons of Prémontré in Picardy (France).

prémotion, n.f., (theol.) premotion.

prémunir, v.a., to forewarn, to caution, to provide; to fortify, or secure, beforehand.

se prémunir, v.r., to provide, to be provided; to strengthen, to fortify one’s self (against). Se — contre le froid; to fortify one’s self against the cold.

prenable, adj., to be taken, pregnable; seizable; expugnable; corruptible.

prenant, -e, adj., receiving (of a person); having to receive money; prehensile. Queue —e; prehensile tail. Partie —e; payee.

prendre (prenant, pris), v.a., to take; to take up; to lay hold of; to seize; to accept; to apprehend; to fetch; to assume; to contract; to pick out; to snatch; to catch (a cold); to take root; to freeze (of rivers, etc.); to turn, to curdle (of milk); to ignite, to begin to burn; to act, to succeed; to imbibe; to call for (any one); to attack (of diseases); to collect (votes); to contract (diseases, engagements); to help one’s self to. — garde; to take heed. — parti pour quelqu’un; to take any one’s part, to side with any one. — feu; to take or catch fire. — son parti; to make up one’s mind. — les armes; to take up arms. — une ville d’assaut; to take a town by storm. — médecine; to take physic. — du tabac; to take snuff. — congé de quelqu’un; to take leave of any one. — la rue à droite; to take the street on the right. — le plus court; to go the shortest way. — les devants; to go on before. — bien son temps; to hit the time well, to choose the right moment. — naissance; to take its rise (of things). — fait et cause pour quelqu’un; to take any one’s part, to undertake any one’s defense, to side with any one. — quelqu’un sur le fait; to catch any one in the act. — exemple sur quelqu’un; to model one’s self on any one. — avis de quelqu’un; to take any one’s advice. — les avis; to collect the votes. — intérêt, — part à; to take part in, to be a party to, to be concerned in, to be a partaker of, to be interested in. — l’air; to take an airing. — bien le sens d’un auteur; to catch an author’s meaning. Vous prenez mal mes paroles; you misconstrue my words. — une chose en bonne part; to take a thing well, in good part. — les choses de travers; to take things amiss, the wrong way. — bien, or mal, une affaire; to go the right, or the wrong, way to work in anything. — sur son sommeil; to encroach upon one’s sleep. — les choses comme elles viennent; to take things as they come. — l’occasion aux cheveux; to take time by the forelock. — pour dit; to take for granted. À tout —; upon the whole, in the main. — le chemin de l’hôpital; to be on the high road to ruin. Ne savoir pas — quelqu’un; not to know how to deal with any one. Il en a pris sa bonne part; he has had his fair share of it. Il m’a pris en amitié; he has taken a liking to me. Je vous y prends; now I have caught you (at it). Ça ne prend pas; (fam.) that’s no go; it doesn’t catch on. Si la curiosité me prend d’y aller; if curiosity prompts, or impels, me to go there. L’envie lui prit d’y aller; he took a sudden fancy to go (there). Il prend beaucoup sur lui; he assumes much, he takes much upon himself. Cela prend forme; that is beginning to take shape. Je sors d’en —; (fam.) I’d rather be excused; I have just had one (i.e., a drink), or just bought some (of things). Qu’est-ce qui vous prend? what’s up now? C’est autant de pris sur l’ennemi; it is so much snatched from the fire. Ce qui est bon à — est bon à rendre; what is worth taking is worth keeping. Bien lui en prit; it was lucky for him he did. — terre; (nav.) to land. — le vent; (nav.) to sail near the wind. — le large; (nav.) to stand out to sea, to cross the bar.

se prendre, v.r., to be taken, to be caught; to catch, to cling; to freeze, to congeal (of liquids); to begin; to go to work. Le sirop se prendra bientôt; the syrup will soon coagulate, or set. Se — à pleurer; to begin to cry. Se bien — à une chose; to go the right way to work. De la manière dont il s’y prend; by the way he goes to work. Se — d’amitié pour quelqu’un; to take a liking to any one. Se — de paroles avec quelqu’un; to have high words with any one. S’en — à; to blame, to lay the blame on. S’en — à quelqu’un; to lay the blame at any one’s door. Se — de vin; to get tipsy. Prenez-vous en à vous-même; you have only yourself to thank for it.

prendre, v.n., to take, to turn; to take root; to congeal, to freeze; to succeed; to burn up, to begin to burn; to curdle (of milk). Il lui en prendra mal; it will be the worse for him. Il lui prit une fièvre; he was attacked by fever. La Seine a pris cet hiver là; the Seine was frozen over that winter.

prendre, n.m., act of taking. Au fait et au —; at the scratch, when it comes to the scratch.

preneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., taker; lessee; (of animals) catcher; (com.) purchaser, buyer.

preneur, adj.m., catching, capturing; (nav.) that takes a prize.

prénom (-non), n.m., Christian name; prenomen.

prénommé, -e, adj.part., above-named, aforesaid.

prénommer, v.a., to prenominate, to forename.

prénotion, n.f., prenotion, surmise, conjecture.

préoccupation, n.f., preoccupation, prepossession of the mind; thought; anxiety; prejudice.

préoccupé, -e, part., preoccupied, absorbed; prejudiced, biased; thoughtful, anxious.

préoccuper, v.a., to engross, to engage, to preoccupy the mind, to prepossess, to prejudice, to bias; to absorb, to trouble.

préopinant, n.m., -e, n.f., previous speaker; last speaker.

préopiner, v.n., to vote before another, to express one’s opinion first.

préordination, n.f., preordination.

préordonner, v.a., to preordain, to predetermine.

préparant, adj., (anat.) spermatic. Vaisseaux —s; spermatic duct.

préparateur, n.m., preparer, dresser; assistant; private tutor, crammer.

préparatif, n.m., preparation. —s de guerre, de voyage; war preparations, preparations for a journey.

préparation, n.f., preparation. — chimique; chemical preparation. Sans —; extempore.

préparatoire, n.m. and adj., preparative, preliminary, preparatory.

préparer, v.a., to prepare, to dispose, to fit; to provide; to make ready; to dress; (agri.) to till; (fig.) to break (news) to. — les voies à quelqu’un; to pave the way for any one.

se préparer, v.r., to prepare for one’s self, to prépare one’s self, to get ready. Se — pour un voyage; to get ready for a journey. Se — au combat; to prepare for battle. Préparez-vous à le recevoir; prepare to meet him. Voilà un orage qui se prépare; there is a storm brewing.

prépondérance, n.f., preponderance, sway.

prépondérant, -e, adj., preponderant, prevailing; convincing. Voix —e; casting-vote.

préposé, n.m., custom, or excise, officer; overseer, superintendent.

préposer, v.a., to set (over), to charge (with), to intrust (to); to appoint, to commit; to put forward, to set up; to depute.

prépositi-f, -ve, adj., (gram.) prepositive.

préposition, n.f., (gram.) preposition.

prépuce, n.m., prepuce, foreskin.

prérogative, n.f., prerogative, privilege; attribute.

près, prep., by, near, nigh, close to, hard by, nearly; almost, about; on the point; in comparison. S’asseoir — de quelqu’un; to sit by any one. Il demeure ici —; he lives close by. De —; close, near; closely, intimately. Combattre de —; to fight hand to hand. Suivre de —; to follow on the heels of. À cela —; save that, with that exception; nevertheless, for all that. A beaucoup —; by a great deal, nothing near. Tout —; very near. À peu —; pretty near, nearly so, thereabouts. À peu de chose —; within a trifle. Au plus —; to the nearest place; (nav.) close to the wind. De — et de loin; far and nigh.

présage, n.m., presage, omen, foreboding. Un oiseau de sinistre —; a bird of evil omen.

présager, v.a., to presage, to forebode, to portend, to conjecture.

se présager, v.r., to be foreboded, to be presaged.

pré-salé, n.m.,(—s-—s) salt-marsh-fed (mutton).

presbyopie, n.f., (opt.) presbyopy, presbyopia, far-sightedness, long sight.

presbyte, n.m.f. and adj., presbyte; far-sighted person; presbyopic; long-sighted. Vue —; long sight.

presbytéral, -e, adj., priestly. Maison —e; parsonage, vicarage.

presbytéranisme, n.m. V. presbytérianisme.

presbytère, n.m., parsonage, parsonage-house, vicarage; ☉presbytery.

presbytérianisme, n.m., presbyterianism.

presbytérien, -ne (-ri-in, -ri-èn), n. and adj., presbyterian.

presbytie (-ci), n.f., (opt.) presbyopy, far- or long-sightedness, presbyopia.

prescience, n.f., prescience, foreknowledge, foresight.

prescriptible, adj., prescriptible.

prescription, n.f., (jur.) limitation; prescription, precept. Interruption de la —; (jur.) bar to a limitation. Etabli par —; prescriptive. Se perdre par —; (jur.) to be lost by limitation. —s médicales; medical prescriptions.

prescrire, v.a., to prescribe, to direct, to order, to enjoin, to set; (jur.) to bar. — des lois; to prescribe laws. — un régime; to prescribe a diet.

se prescrire, v.r., to prescribe to one’s self, to be prescribed; (jur.) to be lost by limitation.

prescrire, v.n., to bar by limitation.

préséance (pré-séans), n.f., precedence. Avoir la — sur; to take precedence of.

présence, n.f., presence, attendance, sight, view. Faire acte de —; to put in an appearance. Mettre en —; to bring face to face. En — de; in presence of, in view of. En ma —; before me. Deux armées en —; two armies facing each other. — d’esprit; presence of mind.

présent, n.m., present, present time; present, gift; (gram.) present, present tense. Donner en —; to give as a present. Faire — de; to make a present of. Dès à —; from this time. À —; at present. Pour le —; for the present, for the nonce. Jusqu’à —; till now.

présent, -e, adj., present! here! Être —; to be present, to stand by.

présentable, adj., presentable, fit to be seen.

présentat-eur, n.m., -rice, n.f., presenter (to benefices); introducer.

présentation, n.f., presentation, presentment, introduction. À —; (com.) on presentation, on demand. En retard de —; (com.) overdue.

présente, n.f., present letter. pl., (jur.) presents.

présentement (-zant-mān), adv., now, at present.

présenter, v.a., to present, to offer, to hold out, to show, to turn, to expose, to bring forward, to introduce. — ses lettres de créance; to present one’s credentials. — les armes; to present arms. — une personne à une autre; to introduce one person to another. — à quelqu’un ses respects; to pay one’s respects to any one.

se présenter, v.r., to present one’s self, to appear, to come forward, to offer one’s self, to offer itself; to occur. Il s’est présenté à moi; he presented himself before me. Cet homme se présente bien; that man has a good address. La chose se présente bien; the thing looks well, or promises well. Il se présenta une difficulté; a difficulty occurred, or arose.

présenter, v.n., (nav.) to stem. — au vent; to head to the wind.

présenteur, n.m., (l.u.) presenter.

préservat-eur, -rice, adj., preservative. n.m. and f., preserver.

préservati-f, -ve, adj., preservative.

préservatif, n.m., preservative.

préservation, n.f., preservation.

préserver, v.a., to preserve, to defend, to keep. Le ciel m’en préserve! heaven forbid!

se préserver, v.r., to preserve one’s self, to guard against, to keep off. Se — d’une maladie; to stall off a disease.

présidence, n.f., presidency, chairmanship.

président, n.m., president, chairman; presiding judge; speaker (of the House of Commons). — d’âge; president by seniority.

présidente, n.f., lady president; president’s wife.

présider, v.a., to preside, to preside (over), to be president (of), to be chairman (of). — une réunion; to preside over a meeting.

présider, v.n., to preside, to be president or chairman; to be in the chair; to direct. — à une assemblée; to preside over an assembly. — à la direction d’un ouvrage; to have the management of a work.

présides, n.m.pl., Spanish penal colonies.

présompti-f, -ve, adj., presumptive, apparent, presumed (of heirs). Héritier —; heir-apparent.

présomption, n.f., presumption, presumptuousness, self-conceit.

présomptueusement (-eûz-mān), adv., presumptuously.

présomptueu-x, -se, adj., n., presumptuous, presuming, self-conceited. Jeune —! presumptuous youth!

presque, adv., almost, nearly, all but. Un ouvrage — achevé; a work nearly finished. Je ne l’ai — pas vu; I scarcely saw him at all. — jamais; hardly ever. — plus de; scarcely any left. — rien; hardly anything.

presqu’île, n.f., (—-—s) peninsula.

☉presqu’ombre, n.f. V. pénombre.

pressage, n.m., pressing.

pressamment (-sa-mān), adv., pressingly, earnestly, urgently.

pressant, -e, adj., pressing, urgent, earnest, importunate, vigorous; acute (of pain).

presse, n.f., press (newspapers, machine); printing-press, haste, hurry; pressure, crowd, throng; impress (forcing men into the service); press-gang; urgency; (bot.) a clingstone peach. — à copier; copying-machine. — d’imprimerie; printing-press. — à satiner; hot-press, cold-press. Fendre la —; to force one’s way through the crowd. Cet ouvrage est sous —; this work is in the press. Mettre sous —; to send to press, to go to press. Il n’y a pas de —; there’s no hurry. Il n’y a pas —; there’s no crowd.

pressé, -e, adj., in haste, in a hurry; urgent, immediate; eager, anxious, very busy; close, serried, thick; condensed, brief, concise. Vous êtes bien —; you are in a great hurry. Cela n’est pas —; there’s no hurry for that. Je suis très —; I am very busy.

pressée, n.f., pressful; pressing, pressure.

pressement, n.m., pressing, compression.

pressément, adv., (l.u.) hurriedly, hastily.

pressentiment, n.m., presentiment, misgiving, foreboding.

pressentir, v.a., to have a presentiment of; to foresee, to anticipate; to ascertain the intentions of; to sound. — quelqu’un; to sound any one. Il faut le —; we must sound him. Se —; to be foreseen.

presse-papiers, n.m., (—) paper-weight.

presser, v.a., to press, to squeeze, to clasp; to pull (trigger); to crowd, to throng; to hasten, to hurry; to urge, to be pressing with, to importune; to be hard upon; to exaggerate; to impress (sailors). — une éponge; to squeeze a sponge. On pressa si fort les ennemis; they pressed so hard upon the enemy. — vivement un siège; to carry on a siege vigorously. — une entreprise; to push an enterprise with vigor. Il pressa son départ; he hastened his departure. — la détente; to pull the trigger.

se presser, v.r., to press, to press close, to squeeze; to crowd; to be in a hurry, to make haste, to hurry. Se — de faire une chose; to make haste to do a thing. Pressons-nous; let us make haste.

presser, v.n., to be urgent; to be acute (of pain). Rien ne presse, or il n’y a rien qui presse; there is no hurry.

presseur, n.m., presser.

pressier, n.m., (print.) pressman.

pression, n.f., pressure, pressing. Machine à vapeur à haute —, à moyenne —, à basse —; steam-engine of high pressure, of mean pressure, of low pressure.

pressis, n.m., (l.u.) gravy, juice.

pressoir, n.m., press; press-room; wine-press, cider-press; press-house.

pressurage, n.m., (of fruit) pressing.

pressurer, v.a., to press (grapes or apples); to squeeze; to grind down, to oppress. — une orange; to squeeze an orange. — la bourse de quelqu’un; to drain any one’s purse. Il ne songe qu’à vous —; his only thought is to drain you of money.

pressureur, n.m., presser (of fruit).

prestance, n.f., commanding appearance, bearing, carriage, deportment; good presence.

prestant, n.m., diapason (of an organ).

prestation, n.f., taking (of an oath); prestation (payment in kind).

preste, adj., agile, nimble, quick, smart, sharp. C’est un homme — et habile; he is a clever, smart fellow.

preste, adv., presto, quick, sharp.

prestement, adv., nimbly, quickly.

prestesse, adv., agility, quickness, nimbleness.

prestidigitateur, n.m., conjurer, juggler.

prestidigitation, n.f., jugglery, legerdemain.

prestige, n.m., enchantment, fascination; deception, illusion; magic spell; prestige.

prestigieu-x, -se, adj., enchanting, bewitching, illusive.

prestimonie, n.f., (canon law) prestimony.

presto, adv., (mus.) presto.

prestolet, n.m., priestling.

présumable, adj., presumable, supposable.

présumé, part. adj., presumed, supposed, conjectured, reputed.

présumer, v.a., to presume, to conjecture, to suppose. — trop de quelqu’un; to presume too much upon any one. — trop de soi; to be too assuming. Il est à —; it is to be supposed.

présupposer (-su-pô-zé), v.a., to presuppose.

présupposition, n.m., presupposition.

présure, n.f., rennet (for curdling milk).

prêt, n.m., loan; (milit.) advance-pay.

prêt, -e, adj., ready, in readiness, prepared, willing. Tenir —; to keep ready. Tenez-vous — à partir; be ready to start.

prêtable, adj., lendable.

pretantaine, n.f. Courir la —; to gad about.

prêté, -e, part., lent.

prêté, n.m., (l.u.) thing lent. C’est un — rendu; it is but tit for tat.

prétendant, n.m., -e, n.f., claimant, candidate; suitor, wooer; pretender (to the throne).

prétendre, v.a., to claim, to lay claim to, to pretend to. Que prétendent ces misérables? what do these wretches lay claim to, or mean?

prétendre, v.n., to lay claim to; to pretend, to mean; to maintain. Je prétends que mon droit est incontestable; I maintain that my claim is incontestable. Je prétends vous traiter comme mon propre fils (Racine); I mean (intend) to treat you as my own son.

prétendu, -e, adj., pretended, feigned, sham, so-called; said to be, would be. C’est un — bel esprit; he is a would-be wit.

prétendu, n.m., -e, n.f., intended, future husband, future wife. Voilà mon —; that is my intended.

prête-nom, n.m., (—-—s) one that lends his name to another; dummy.

pretentaine, n.f. V. pretantaine.

prétentieu-x, -se, adj., assuming, pretentious, affected, stilted (of style).

prétention, n.f., pretension, claim, intention, wish, expectation. Venir à bout de ses —s; to make good one’s claims. Sa — est mal fondée; his demand is groundless. Il a des —s à l’esprit; he thinks he is, or claims to be, witty. C’est un homme sans —s; he is a man of no pretensions. Se désister d’une —; to relinquish a claim.

prêter, v.a., to lend, to impart, to give rise to, to attribute, to ascribe, to father; to take (oath). — de l’argent à intérêt; to lend money on interest. — secours; to lend a helping hand. — main-forte à quelqu’un; to assist any one, to come to any one’s assistance. — l’oreille; to give ear (to), to listen. — serment; to take the oath. — foi et hommage; to take an oath of allegiance. — le collet à quelqu’un; to try one’s strength with any one. — le flanc; to expose one’s self. — à la petite semaine; to make short loans at a high rate of interest.

se prêter, v.r., to give way (to); to lend one’s self, or itself (to); to indulge; to humor; to countenance, to favor.

prêter, v.n., to lend; to give a hold to; to afford matter for; to stretch (of a thing). Ce cuir-là prête comme un gant; that leather stretches like a glove. Donner un prêté pour un rendu; to give a Roland for an Oliver.

prêter, n.m., loan. C’est un — à ne jamais rendre; it is a loan never to be repaid.

prétérit (-rit), n.m., (gram.) preterit.

prétérition, n.f., (rhet.) preterition; pretermission.

prétermission, n.f. V. prétérition.

prêteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., lender. — sur gages; pawnbroker. adj., given to lending, of a lending disposition.

préteur, n.m., (antiq.) pretor, prætor.

prétexte, n.m., pretext, pretense; plea. — spécieux; plausible pretense. Faux —; false pretense. Sous — de le secourir; under pretense of assisting him.

prétexte, n. and adj. f., (Rom. antiq.) prætexta, tunic.

prétexter, v.a., to pretend, to feign, to affect, to sham; to allege, to plead.

pretintaille, n.f., furbelow; (fig.) accessory, appendage, incidental profit.

pretintailler, v.a., to tinsel, to trim (a dress).

prétoire, n.m., (antiq.) pretorium.

prétorien, -ne (-in, -è-n), adj., (antiq.) pretorian.

prétorien, n.m., (antiq.) pretorian guard.

*prêtraille, n.f., (b.s.) priesthood; parsons.

prêtre, n.m., priest, clergyman; parson. Il s’est fait —; he has taken orders. — habitué; an unpaid supernumerary priest. Grand —; high priest.

prêtresse, n.f., priestess.

prêtrise, n.f., priesthood.

préture, n.f., pretorship.

preuve, n.f., proof, evidence, testimony, token, mark; (com.) proof-sample; proof (of spirits). En venir à la —; to come to the proof. Faire — de noblesse; to give proof of nobility; to uphold the honor of one’s house. Il a fait ses —s; he has given proofs of his capacity. Faire — de courage; to show, or approve, one’s self a man of courage. Servir de —; to serve as a proof. —s induites des circonstances; (jur.) circumstantial evidence.

preux, n. and adj. m., valiant knight, gallant knight; worthy; gallant, doughty, valiant, stout, worthy.

prévaloir, v.n., to prevail, to stand. La faveur prévaut souvent sur le mérite; favor frequently prevails over merit.

se prévaloir, v.r., to take advantage, to avail one’s self; to boast of, to pride one’s self upon; to glory in. Se — de sa naissance; to take advantage of, or to glory in, one’s birth.

prévaricateur, n.m., prevaricator; betrayer of any one’s trust.

prévaricat-eur, -rice, adj., prevaricating.

prévarication, n.f., prevarication; breach of trust.

prévariquer, v.n., to prevaricate, to betray one’s trust.

prévenance (pré-vnans), n.f., kindness, kind attention.

prévenant, -e, adj., prepossessing; engaging; ready to oblige, attentive, obliging, kind. Il a un air —; he has a prepossessing look.

prévenir (pré-vnir), v.a., to go before, to precede, to come before, to be beforehand with, to get the start of, to anticipate; to forestall; to prevent, to hinder; to prepossess, to prejudice; to predispose, to bias, to inform, to warn; to caution, to give notice; to let know. — le mal; to prevent evil. — les objections; to forestall objections. — les besoins de quelqu’un; to anticipate any one’s wants. Il m’a fait — de son arrivée; he sent to tell me of his arrival. On vous en avait prévenu; you had had information of it or you had been informed of it.

se prévenir, v.r., to be prepossessed; to be prejudiced, to anticipate each other. Se — en faveur de quelqu’un; to take a liking to any one.

préventi-f, -ve, adj., preventive.

prévention, n.f., prepossession, prejudice, bias; suspicion, presumption; prevention; accusation; (jur.) prosecution; (jur.) commitment. Donner des —s contre soi; to raise prejudices against one’s self. Vaincre les —s de quelqu’un; to overcome any one’s prejudices. Etat de —; (jur.) commitment. Être en état de —; (jur.) to be committed for trial.

préventivement, adv., by way of prevention; (jur.) while awaiting trial, on suspicion.

prévenu, n.m., -e, n.f., (jur.) prisoner (before trial), the accused, the prisoner (at the bar).

prévision, n.f., prevision; forecast; foreknowledge; conjecture.

prévoir, v.a., to foresee; to conjecture; to expect, to anticipate, to provide (for or against); to meet. Il faut tout —; we must provide against everything, against all eventualities.

prévôt, n.m., provost; (nav.) marshal. Grand —, grand — de l’armée; (milit.) provost-marshal. — de salle d’armes; fencing-master’s assistant. — des marchands; (old) mayor of Paris.

prévôtal, -e, adj., relating, pertaining to a provost.

prévôtalement (-tal-mān), adv., by a provost-court.

prévôté, n.f., provostship.

prévoyance, n.f., foresight, forethought, prudence, caution. Rien n’échappe à sa —; nothing escapes his foresight.

prévoyant, -e, adj., provident, prudent, careful, cautious.

priapée, n.f., obscene picture; obscene poem.

priapisme, n.m., (med.) priapism.

prié, n.m., -e, n.f., person invited, guest.

prie-dieu, n.m., (—) praying-desk; devotion-chair; faldstool.

prier, v.a. and n., to pray; to entreat, to beseech, to call upon, to beg (of), to implore, to supplicate, to request; to invite, to bid. — quelqu’un d’une grâce; to request a favor of any one. Il m’a prié de l’accompagner; he begged of me to accompany him. On m’a prié de le faire; I have been requested to do it. Je vous en prie; I beg of you. — à dîner; to invite to dinner. — de dîner; to press any one to stay to dinner. Se faire — or aimer à se faire —; to require pressing.

prière, n.f., prayer, suit, request, entreaty, desire, invitation; petition. Instante —; earnest prayer. Faire une — à quelqu’un; to make a request to any one. Être en —; to be at prayers. Faire une chose à la — de quelqu’un; to do a thing at any one’s request, at any one’s entreaty. Dire ses —s, faire sa —, faire ses —s; to say one’s prayers. — de faire renvoyer la lettre! will you kindly send back the letter!

prieur, n.m., prior (superior of a convent).

prieure, n.f., prioress.

prieuré, n.m., priory.

prima donna, n.f., (prime donne) the chief singer (in an opera).

primage, n.m., (com.) primage (allowance paid to the captain of a ship).

primaire, adj., primary. Ecole —; elementary school.

primat, n.m., primate, metropolitan.

primatial, -e (-ci-al), adj., primatial, primatical.

primatie (-ma-cî), n.f., primacy, primateship.

primauté, n.f., primacy, supremacy, priority; preeminence; the lead (at cards, dice). Gagner quelqu’un de —; to anticipate any one, to be beforehand with any one.

prime, adj., (alg.) accented. b’, b —; b’, b accented.

prime, n.f., premium, bounty; bonus, prize; (c.rel.) prime (first canonical hour succeeding lauds); (fenc.) prime; primero (card game); (com.) prime wool; (jewelry) pebble; (exchange language) agio; (customs) drawback. A —; at a premium. Réponse des —s; (com.) option.

de prime abord, adv., at first.

de prime face, adv., at first, prima facie.

primer, v.n., to play first, to lead (at play); to take the lead, to beat, to override, to excel, to surpass; to go before everything. Il prime en tout; he excels in everything. Les affaires priment tout; business before everything else.

primer, v.a., to surpass, to excel; to go before everything; to give a prize (at an agricultural show). Il prime tous les autres; he excels all the others.

de prime-saut, adv., suddenly; off-hand, spontaneously; all at once, at the first effort.

prime-sauti-er, -ère, adj., quick (of thought), ready-witted; impulsive, off-handed; thoughtless, inconsiderate, heedless. Les Français ont, en général, l’esprit —; the French are, in general, ready-witted.

primeur, n.f., first of the season (of vegetables, fruit, flowers, wine); early fruit; early vegetables; early flower; early sentiment, first love; freshness, bloom; earliest communication. Les fruits sont chers dans la —; fruit is dear in the early part of the season, fruit is dear when it first comes in. Certains vins ne sont pas bons dans la —; certain wines are not good when they are new. Servir à table un plat de —s; to serve up a dish of early vegetables. Je vous en donnerai la —; you will be the first to get the news.

primevère, n.f., primrose, cowslip, oxlip.

primicériat, n.m., dignity, office of primicerius, dean (in some churches).

primicier, n.m., local dean.

primidi, n.m., Primidi (first day of the decade in the calendar of the first French republic).

primipare, adj., primiparous.

primiti-f, -ve, adj., primitive, primeval, primogenial, original; native, aboriginal; (gram.) primitive, original.

primitif, n.m., (gram.) primitive.

primitivement (-tiv-mān), adv., primitively, originally.

primitivité, n.f., primitiveness.

primo, adv., firstly, first, in the first place.

primogéniture, n.f., primogeniture.

primordial, -e, adj., primordial.

primordialement (-al-mān), adv., primordially.

primulacées, n.f.pl., (bot.) primulaceæ.

prince, n.m., prince. — royal; crown prince. Être bon —; (fam.) to be a good fellow (easy-going, good-natured). Vivre en —; to live like a prince. Dîner de —; princely dinner.

princeps (-sèps), adj. invariable, (print.) earliest, first, original (edition).

princerie (prin-srî), n.f., (local) deanery.

princesse, n.f., princess. Oui, ma —; (fam.) yes, my charmer.

princi-er, -ère, adj., princely, like a prince.

princier, n.m., primicerius, first dignitary. V. primicier.

principal, -e, adj., principal, chief, main; leading, capital, senior, superior; (astron.) primary.

principal, n.m., principal, chief thing, principal point, chief point, material point; principal, capital (money); principal, head-master; (jur.) principal cause of action. Pour vous, le — est que vous ayez soin de votre santé; the main thing for you is to take care of your health. Payer le — et l’intérêt; to pay both principal and interest.

principalat, n.m., head-mastership, principalship.

principalement (-pal-mān), adv., principally, chiefly.

☉principalité, n.f. V. principalat.

principat, n.m., princedom.

principauté, n.f., principality, princedom.

principe, n.m., beginning, source, outset, origin, motive, cause, principle. pl., principles, rudiments. Dès le —; from the very origin. Etablir, poser, un —; to establish, to lay down, a principle. Partir d’un —; to start from a principle. Homme sans —s; unprincipled man. L’amour-propre est le — de presque toutes nos actions; self-love is the motive of almost all our actions.

principion, principule, n.m., petty prince, princelet.

printani-er, -ère, adj., spring, spring-like, vernal; youthful; early. Fleurs —ères; spring-flowers; cowslips. Etoffes —ères; spring materials, or stuffs; spring goods. Potage —; spring-soup (with early vegetables).

printemps (-tān), n.m., spring, spring-time; prime, bloom. Le — de la vie; the morning of life. Dans le — de sa vie; in the prime of one’s days. Au — de ses jours; in the bloom of one’s youth.

à priori, adv., à priori (i.e. from what precedes).

priorité, n.f., priority.

pris, -e, part., taken, caught, seized, congealed, curdled, frozen, frozen over; stuffed up (of the nose). Homme bien — dans sa taille; well-set man. Cet homme est — de vin; that man is the worse for liquor. La rivière a — dans la nuit; the river was frozen over in the night. — dans les glaces; ice-bound.

prisable, adj., estimable, valuable.

prise, n.f., taking, capture; prize; hold, handle, purchase; quarrel; dose; pinch. pl., fighting, close quarters. La — d’une ville; the taking of a town. — de possession; taking possession. — de possession d’un bénéfice; induction to a living. — d’habit; (c.rel.) taking the habit, or the veil. Décret de — de corps; writ of arrest. Part de —; prize-money. Amariner une —; to man a prize. Être de bonne —; to be a lawful prize. Lâcher —; to let go one’s hold. Donner — à la critique; to lay one’s self open to criticism, to expose one’s self to criticism, to afford matter for criticism. Donner — sur soi à son ennemi; to give one’s enemy a hold over one. — de tabac; pinch of snuff. En venir aux —s; to grapple with one another, to come to blows. Les deux chiens sont aux —s; the two dogs are fighting. Être aux —s avec la mauvaise fortune; to be struggling with, or against, adversity. Être aux —s avec la mort; to be on the point of death, or at death’s door; to be in great danger. Mettre aux —s; to set (together) by the ears.

prisée, n.f., estimate, appraisement, valuation. Faire la — de; to make an estimate of.

priser, v.a., to prize, to rate, to value, to set a high price on, to appraise, to estimate; to esteem, to have an esteem for.

se priser, v.r., to be valued, to be esteemed; to set a high value on one’s self.

priser, v.a. and n., to take snuff.

priseu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., snuff-taker.

priseur, adj., who appraises. Commissaire —; appraiser, auctioneer. Expert — assermenté; sworn appraiser.

prismatique, adj., prismatic.

prisme, n.m., prism.

prismoïde, n.m. and adj., prismoid; prismoidal.

prison, n.f., prison, gaol, jail; imprisonment, confinement. S’échapper de —; to break out of prison. — d’état; state prison. Être dans la — de saint Crépin; to wear shoes which pinch. Envoyer en —; to send to prison.

prisonni-er, n.m., -ère, n.f., prisoner. — d’état; state-prisoner.

privati-f, -ve, adj., (gram.) privative; (jur.) in severalty.

privation, n.f., privation, deprivation, want, need, bereavement, loss; hardship. Vivre de —s; to lead a life of privation. Être dans la —; to be in want. La — de la vue; the loss of sight.

privativement (-tiv-mān), adv., exclusively.

privauté, n.f., extreme familiarity, liberty. Prendre des —s; to take liberties.

privé, -e, part., deprived. Corps — de vie; lifeless body. Homme — de sa raison; man deprived of his reason.

privé, -e, adj., private; tame (animal); privy, intimate, free. Vie —e; private life. De son autorité —e; of one’s own authority.

☉privément, adv., familiarly, intimately.

priver, v.a., to deprive, to debar; to bereave; to tame (animal). — quelqu’un de ses biens; to deprive any one of his property. Je ne veux pas vous — de cela; I won’t rob you of that.

se priver, v.r., to deprive, or debar, one’s self; to stint, or deny, one’s self; to abstain (from).

privilège, n.m., privilege, exemption, immunity; grant, favor; (jur.) preference; (thea.) license; franchise, prerogative, right. Accorder un — à; to grant a privilege to; to license (printers). Priver de ses —s; to deprive any one of his privileges; to disfranchise. Atteinte portée aux —s; breach of privilege. Les —s de la noblesse; the privileges of the nobility.

privilégié, -e, adj., privileged, exempt; (thea.) licensed; (jur.) entitled to preference (of creditors); (of shares) preference, preferential. Lieu —; privileged place. C’est un être —; he is a privileged, or favored, being.

privilégié, n.m., privileged person.

privilégier, v.a., to grant a privilege, to privilege, to license.

prix, n.m., price, cost, value, worth, terms; return, premium; estimation; reward; prize. — fait; settled price. Mettre un — à; to set a price upon. — excessif; extravagant price. Juste —; moderate price. — de fabrique; manufacturer’s price. Une chose de —; a thing of great value. Hors de —; extravagantly dear. De —; precious, valuable. Une chose qui n’a point de —; a thing that is invaluable, beyond all price. Vendre à tout —; to sell at any price, at any cost. Mettre la tête d’un homme à —; to set a price upon a man’s head. — fixe; (com.) net price, no abatement. À tout — or à quelque — que ce soit; cost what it will. La vertu trouve son — en elle-même; virtue is its own reward. Remporter le —; to carry off the prize. Au — de; at the cost of, in comparison with. À vil —; under price, dirt-cheap. — courant; (com.) current price, market price. — coûtant; cost price. À — d’argent; for money. N’avoir pas de —; to be invaluable, or priceless; also, to be valueless.

probabilisme, n.m., probabilism.

probabilité, n.f., probability, likelihood.

probable, adj., probable, likely, credible. Cela est bien peu —; that is anything but probable.

probablement, adv., probably, likely.

probante, adj.f., probatory (of documents); convincing, conclusive (arguments). En forme —; in an authentic form. Raison —; convincing reason.

probation, n.f., probation.

probatique, adj., only used in piscine — (the reservoir near the Temple in which Hebrew Priests washed the animals that were to be sacrificed).

☉probatoire, adj., probatory.

probe, adj., honest, upright; of probity. Homme —; man of probity.

probité, n.f., probity, honesty, integrity, uprightness. — éprouvée; tried probity.

problématique, adj., problematical.

problématiquement (-tik-mān), adv., problematically.

problème, n.m., problem, question. Poser un —; to state a problem. Résoudre un —; to solve a problem. C’est un —; it is a question.

proboscide, n.f., (natural hist., her.) proboscis.

proboscidiens, n.m.pl., (zoöl.) proboscidians, proboscideæ.

procédé, n.m., behavior, proceeding, way of acting; dealing, conduct; (billiards) cue-tip; process, operation. pl., delicate, gentlemanly manners, fair dealings. Je n’aime pas ces —s; I don’t like that way of acting, I dislike those manners. Manquer aux —s; to behave in an unhandsome manner. C’est un homme à —s; he is a gentlemanly man, or a man of fair dealings. — chimique; chemical process.

procéder, v.n., to proceed, to go on; to come from; to arise (from), to originate (in); to behave, to conduct one’s self; (jur.) to proceed. — criminellement contre quelqu’un; to proceed (criminally) against any one. Cela procède bien; that is going on very well.

procédure, n.f., (jur.) proceedings; practice, procedure, process.

procès, n.m., lawsuit, suit, action, trial, process. Être en —; to be at law. Intenter un —, faire un —, à quelqu’un; to bring an action against any one, to institute proceedings against any one. Gagner son —; to gain one’s suit, or case. Perdre son —; to lose one’s case. Faire le — à quelqu’un; to try any one, to bring any one to trial; to call any one to account, to find fault with, to censure. Sans autre forme de —; without more ado, without further formality.

processi-f, -ve, adj., litigious.

procession, n.f., procession.

processionnal, n.m., (c.rel.) processional.

processionnel, -le, adj., processional.

processionnellement (-nèl-mān), adv., in procession.

procès-verbal, n.m., (—-verbaux) (authentic written minute, or report, of an official act or proceeding); proceedings, official report, information against; (parl.) journal, minute of proceedings.

prochain, -e, adj., near, nearest, next, approaching, near at hand, nigh, approximate, proximate; (com.) proximo. Village —; neighboring village. Le mois —; next month. La semaine —e; next week. Son départ est —; his departure is nigh at hand, or imminent. Fin —e; approaching end. Fin —; (com.) at the end of next month.

prochain, n.m., neighbor, fellow-creature.

prochainement (-shé-n-mān), adv., in a short time, shortly, soon.

prochaineté, n.f., nearness, proximity.

proche, adj., near, next, near at hand, neighboring, nigh, approaching. La ville la plus —; the nearest town. — parent; near relation.

proche, prep., near, nigh.

proche, adv., near, nigh. De — en —; from place to place; gradually, one after another. Le choléra s’étendit rapidement de — en —; the cholera spread rapidly from place to place.

proches, n.m.pl., near relations, near relatives; relations, relatives, kinsmen, kin, kindred.

prochronisme, n.m., prochronism.

procidence, n.f., (med.) prolapsus.

proclamateur, n.m., proclaimer, proclaiming.

proclamation, n.f., proclamation.

proclamer, v.a., to proclaim, to cry out, to give out, to announce, to trumpet forth; to publish, to declare.

proclitique, n.m. and adj., (gram.) unaccented word; unaccented.

proclive, adj., inclined.

proclivité, n.f., proclivity.

procombant, -e, adj., (bot.) procumbent.

proconsul, n.m., (Roman hist.) proconsul.

proconsulaire, adj., (Roman hist.) proconsular.

proconsulat, n.m., (Roman hist.) proconsulship.

procréateur, adj., procreative, procreating.

procréation, n.f., procreation.

procréer, v.a., to procreate, to beget.

procurateur, n.m., procurator, proxy.

procuratie (-ci), n.f., procuracy (at Venice); procurator’s palace.

procuration, n.f., procuration, power of attorney, letter of attorney, warrant of attorney; proxy (deed).

procuratrice, n.f. V. procureur.

procurer, v.a., to procure, to obtain, to help to, to get. — une charge à quelqu’un; to procure, to obtain, to get, a post for any one.

se procurer, v.r., to procure, to obtain, to get for one’s self; to be procured, to be obtained, to be procurable. Se — de l’argent; to obtain money. Ce poisson se procure très-difficilement; this sort of fish is hard to get.

procur-eur, n.m., -atrice, n.f., proxy. Agir par —; to act by proxy.

procureur, n.m., ☉solicitor, attorney, procurator. ☉— fiscal; (feudalism) lord’s attorney; purveyor (of monastic orders). — général; Attorney General. — du roi, — impérial, — de la république; public prosecutor.

procureuse, n.f., procuress; bawd.

prodigalement (-gal-mān), adv., prodigally, extravagantly, lavishly, profusely.

prodigalité, n.f., prodigality, profusion, extravagance, lavishness.

prodige, n.m., prodigy, wonder, marvel.

prodigieusement (-eûz-mān), adv., prodigiously, wonderfully, wondrously, marvelously; stupendously.

prodigieu-x, -se, adj., prodigious, wondrous, wonderful, marvelous; vast, stupendous.

prodigue, adj., prodigal, profuse, lavish, wasteful. L’enfant —; the prodigal son.

prodigue, n.m.f., prodigal, spendthrift, squanderer.

prodiguer (-ghé), v.a., to lavish, to waste, to squander away, to be prodigal of, to be lavish of, to throw away. — sa vie; to expose one’s life.

se prodiguer, v.r., to be lavished, to be thrown away; to expose one’s self.

prodrome, n.m., introduction, preface; (med.) premonitory symptoms.

product-eur, -rice, adj., productive, producing.

producteur, n.m., (polit. econ.) producer.

productibilité, n.f., producibleness.

productible, adj., producible.

producti-f, -ve, adj., productive.

production, n.f., act of producing, production; (jur.) exhibition (of deeds); (jur.) deeds exhibited; (anat.) process, growth.

productivement, adv., productively.

productivité, n.f., productiveness.

produire (produisant, produit), v.a., to produce, to bring forth; to bear, to yield, to be worth; to be productive of, to be the cause of; to breed, to generate, to show, to exhibit, to adduce; to make known. — des titres; to show title-deeds. — des témoins; to bring forward witnesses. Cette charge produit dix mille francs par an; this office, or post, is worth four hundred a year. La guerre produit de grands maux; war is productive of, or begets, great evils. — un jeune homme dans le monde; to introduce a young man into society; to bring out, or make known, a young man.

se produire, v.r., to introduce one’s self, to put one’s self forward, to make one’s way; to be produced, or brought forth; to occur, to happen, to manifest itself.

produire, v.n., (jur.) to deliver particulars, to show title-deeds.

produit, n.m., produce, product, yield; production, exhibit; (arith., geom.) product, proceeds. Il vit du — de sa terre; he lives on the produce of his land. —s agricoles; agricultural produce. — chimique; chemical product. — net; (com.) net proceeds.

proême, n.m., proem, preface, prelude, introduction.

proéminence, n.f., prominence, protuberance, projection.

proéminent, -e, adj., prominent, protuberant.

profanateur, n.m., profaner.

profanation, n.f., profanation.

profane, adj., profane, secular, unworthy.

profane, n.m.f., profane person, unlearned person; outsider, black sheep; the vulgar herd.

profaner, v.a., to profane, to defile, to pollute; to desecrate. C’est — le talent que de faire cela; it is a profanation of talent to do that.

proférer, v.a., to utter, to speak; to pronounce. Se —; to be uttered.

prof-ès, -esse, n. and adj., professed friar; professed nun; professed.

professer, v.a., to profess, to make a profession of; to exercise, to practice, to teach, to be a professor of, to lecture on. — le plus grand respect pour quelqu’un; to profess the greatest respect for any one. — une science; to teach a science. — un métier; to practise a trade, to exercise a calling.

professer, v.a. and n., to be a professor, to be a lecturer; to lecture, to teach.

professeur, n.m., professor; teacher; lecturer; practicer (of an art or calling). Chaire de —; professorship. — en droit; professor of law.

profession, n.f., profession, declaration; profession (occupation), calling; trade, business. Il fait — de bel esprit; he sets up for a wit. De quelle — est-il? what is his profession? Dévot de —; professed bigot.

professionnel, -le, adj., professional.

ex professo, adv., ex professo; thoroughly; in a professional manner.

professoral, -e, adj., professorial.

professorat, n.m., professorship, lectureship; teaching.

profil, n.m., profile, side face; side-view; section, outline; (drawing) section. Un visage de —; a face in profile.

profiler, v.a., to profile; to represent in profile, to show in profile. Se —; to appear in profile; to stand out.

profit, n.m., profit, gain, emolument, benefit, utility; improvement, progress; use. Au — de; for the benefit of, for the use of, in support of, in aid of. — net; clear profit. Il ne m’en revient aucun —; I get nothing by it. Mettre tout à —; to turn everything to the best advantage; to turn everything to account. Faire son — de; to make a profit by; to make the best of, to avail one’s self of. Tirer du — de; to profit by. —s éventuels; perquisites.

profitable, adj., profitable; advantageous.

profiter, v.n., to profit, to gain; to benefit, to avail one’s self; to improve. — sur des marchandises; to profit by goods. Faire — son argent; to lay out one’s money advantageously. — des bons avis; to profit by good advice. — de l’occasion; to avail one’s self of, to improve, the opportunity. Les biens mal acquis ne profitent point; ill gotten goods never go far, or never serve. — en sagesse; to improve in wisdom. C’est un terrain où rien ne profite; it is a soil where nothing thrives.

profond, -e, adj., deep, profound; wide, vast, extensive; sound; downright, consummate; heavy (of sighs); dark (of the night). Un — sommeil; a sound sleep. —e révérence; low bow, low courtesy. Science —e; profound learning. Puits —; deep well. Un savant —; a profound scholar. Un — penseur; a profound thinker. Un — scélérat; a consummate villain. Nuit —e; dark night, pitch dark.

profond, n.m., depth, abyss.

profondément, adv., deep, deeply, profoundly, widely, greatly, soundly, fast. Saluer —; to bow low. Dormir —; to sleep soundly.

profondeur, n.f., depth; profoundness, profundity; penetration; extent.

profus, -e, adj., profuse.

profusément, adv., profusely.

profusion, n.f., profusion, profuseness. Donner avec —; to give profusely, lavishly. À —; in profusion.

☉progéniture, n.f., (jest.) progeny, offspring.

prognathe, adj., (ethnology) prognathous.

prognathisme, n.m., (ethnology) the being prognathous.

prognostic, n.m. V. pronostic.

prognostique, adj., (med.) prognostic.

programme, n.m., programme, bill, list, syllabus. — de spectacle; play-bill.

progrès, n.m., progress; course, advancement, improvement, proficiency, furtherance, rise. — d’une maladie; progress of a disease. Il a fait de grands —s; he has greatly improved, he has made great progress.

progresser, v.n., to progress, to improve.

progressi-f, -ve, adj., progressive.

progression, n.f., progression.

progressiste, n.m., progressist, liberal, radical.

progressivement (-siv-mān), adv., progressively, by degrees.

prohiber, v.a., to forbid, to interdict, to prohibit.

prohibiti-f, -ve, adj., prohibitive, prohibitory.

prohibition, n.f., prohibition, interdiction.

prohibitionniste, n.m., (com.) prohibitionist.

proie, n.f., prey, prize, booty. Oiseaux de —; birds of prey. Être en — à la douleur; to be a prey to grief. Être ardent à la —; to be eager after booty. Partager la —; to divide the spoil. Être en — à ses valets; to be pilfered by one’s own servants.

projectile, n.m. and adj., projectile.

projection, n.f., projection.

projecture, n.f., (arch.) projecture, projection.

projet, n.m., project, scheme, design, plan, contemplation, idea, first sketch; rough draft. Former, or concevoir, un —; to form, or to contrive, a scheme. Homme à —s; schemer.

projeter (proj-té), v.a., to project, to plan, to contrive, to scheme; to contemplate, to intend; to project, to throw out, to cast forward; to project, to delineate. — d’aller à la campagne; to contemplate going into the country. La terre projette son ombre; the earth throws forward its shadow.

se projeter, v.r., to project, to jut out, to shoot out, to be prominent, to stand out.

projeter, v.n., to form projects.

projeteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., projector, person full of projects; schemer.

prolapsus, n.m., (med.) prolapsus, prolapse. — de la luette; prolapse of the uvula.

prolégomènes, n.m.pl., prolegomena (prefatory matter).

prolepse, n.f., (rhet.) prolepsis.

proleptique, adj., (med.) proleptic, proleptical.

prolétaire, n.m. and adj., proletary; proletarian.

prolétariat, n.m., proletariat, pauperism.

prolifère, adj., (bot.) proliferous.

prolifique, adj., prolific.

prolixe, adj., prolix, tedious, diffuse, verbose.

prolixement, adv., prolixly, diffusely.

prolixité, n.f., prolixity, diffuseness.

prologue (-log), n.m., prologue.

prolongation, n.f., prolongation, protraction, delay.

prolonge, n.f., (artil.) binding rope, lashing; (artil.) small ammunition-wagon.

prolongement (-lonj-mān), n.m., prolongation, continuation, extension.

prolonger, v.a., to prolong, to lengthen, to continue, to extend, to protract, to lengthen out, to draw out; (geom.) to produce; (nav.) to bring alongside; to sail along. — un trève; to prolong a truce. — un quai; to prolong a quay. — le temps; to spin out the time. — le terme d’un payement; to extend the time for payment.

se prolonger, v.r., to be prolonged; to extend, to be continued. Les débats se sont prolongés fort avant dans la nuit; the debate was continued far into the night.

promenade (pro-mnad), n.f., walking, walk; airing; walk, promenade (place); ambulatory, drive, excursion, pleasure-trip. — à pied; walk. — à cheval; ride (on horseback). — en voiture; drive, airing. — en bateau; row, sail. Faire une —; to take a walk, to go for a walk. Faire une — en voiture; to take a drive, to go for a drive. La — est belle aujourd’hui; it is beautiful weather for a walk. C’était une vraie —; it was a real pleasure-trip.

se promener (pro-mné), v.r., to walk, to take a walk, to go for a walk, to promenade; to wander, to ramble. Se — à cheval; to ride, to take a ride, to go out riding. Se — en voiture; to take a drive, to drive out. Se — sur l’eau; to go on the water; to go for a row; to go for a sail. Du haut de Montmartre la vue se promène sur toute la ville de Paris; from the top of Montmartre the eye wanders over all the city of Paris. Envoyer quelqu’un se —; to send any one packing, or about his business. Qu’il aille se —; let him go to Bath. Allez vous —; go about your business. En se promenant; slowly; leisurely.

promener, v.a., to take out for a walk, to take out walking; to take, to take out, for an airing, for a drive; to take, to take out, for a ride; to take out (animal); to turn (one’s eyes, looks); to run one’s eyes over; to scan, to survey; to lead about, to take about. — sa vue sur une assemblée; to survey an assembly. — quelqu’un; to bandy any one about.

promeneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., walker, pedestrian; rider, person taking a ride; person taking a drive; (fig.) humbug.

promenoir, n.m., walk, place for walking; covered walk or gallery.

promesse, n.f., promise, word; promissory note, note of hand. Tenir sa —; to keep one’s promise. Satisfaire à sa —; to be as good as one’s word. Vendre avec — de garantir; to warrant the quality of one’s goods.

promettant, n.m., (jur.) promisor, obligor.

prometteu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., promiser.

promettre, v.a., to promise, to forebode. Il m’a promis de venir; he promised me that he would come. — et tenir sont deux; it is one thing to promise, another to perform. Voilà un temps qui promet un orage; this weather forebodes a storm.

se promettre, v.r., to promise one’s self; to purpose, to resolve, to intend; to expect, to hope, to promise each other; to be promised.

promettre, v.n., to promise, to be promising, to bid fair. Ce jeune homme promet beaucoup; that is a very promising young man.

prominence, n.f., prominence.

prominent, -e, adj., prominent.

prominer, v.n., to rise above; to be prominent.

promis, -e, part., promised, intended, engaged. La terre —e; the promised land. Chose —e, chose due; promises should be kept. Un —, n., an intended, a lover.

promiscuité, n.f., promiscuousness.

promission, n.f., (Bib.) promise. La terre de —; the land of promise.

promontoire, n.m., (geog.) promontory, headland.

promoteur, n.m., promoter. adj., promoting, inducing.

promotion, n.f., promotion, preferment.

promouvoir, v.a., to promote, to prefer, to raise, to advance.

prompt, -e (prōn, prōnt), adj., prompt, quick, active, ready; sudden, speedy, swift; hasty, passionate. —e réponse; quick answer. Il a la repartie —e; he is quick at repartee. Il est — à servir ses amis; he is ever ready to serve his friends. Avoir l’esprit —; to have a quick understanding, to be very sharp.

promptement (prōn-tmān), adv., promptly, quickly, readily, suddenly, speedily, swiftly; hastily, passionately.

promptitude (prōn-ti-tud), n.f., promptitude, speed, speediness; quickness, readiness, suddenness, swiftness; hastiness, passion.

promulgation, n.f., promulgation.

promulguer (-ghé), v.a., to promulgate. Se —; to be promulgated.

pronaos, n.m., (—) (arch., antiq.) pronaos.

pronateur, n. and adj. m., (anat.) pronator.

pronation, n.f., (anat.) pronation.

prône, n.m., (c.rel.) sermon (after or before mass); lecture, rebuke, sermon.

prôner, v.a., to cry up, to extol, to preach up, to commend, to praise, to set forth; to preach to, to lecture, to sermonize; (l.u.) to preach.

prôner, v.n., to lecture, to remonstrate.

prôneur, n.m., (l.u.) preacher.

prôneu-r, n.m., -se, n.f., puffer, trumpeter; lecturer, preacher, rebuker.

pronom (-non), n.m., (gram.) pronoun.

pronominal, -e, adj., pronominal.

pronominalement (-nal-mān), adv., (gram.) pronominally.

prononçable, adj., pronounceable.

prononcé, n.m., (jur.) judgment delivered, sentence, decree.

prononcé, -e, adj., pronounced, decided, decisive, marked; (paint., sculpt.) prominent. Les muscles en sont bien —s; the muscles are very prominent. Caractère —; decided character. Goût —; decided taste. Fortement —; strongly marked.

prononcer, v.a., to pronounce, to articulate, to utter, to say, to speak, to give utterance to; to give; to deliver; to make; to declare; (jur.) to find, to give in; (paint.) to delineate strongly, to bring out, to give prominence to. — un discours; to deliver a discourse, to make a speech. — une sentence; (jur.) to pass sentence.

se prononcer, v.r., to pronounce one’s self, to declare one’s self, to speak out, to express one’s sentiments; to show one’s self, to manifest one’s self; to be pronounced; to be marked; to become evident.

prononcer, v.n., to pronounce; to declare one’s sentiment, to decide with authority.

prononciation, n.f., pronunciation; utterance, delivering, delivery. — d’une sentence; passing sentence. — nette, distincte; clear, distinct pronunciation. — vicieuse, locale; vicious, local pronunciation. Il a la — belle; he has a fine utterance, or delivery.

pronostic, n.m., prognostic, prognostication; (med.) prognostic, prognosis.

pronostiquer, v.a., to prognosticate.

pronostiqueur, n.m., prognosticator.

propagande, n.f., propaganda.

propagandiste, n.m., propagandist.

propagateur, n.m., propagator, spreader. adj., propagating, spreading.

propagation, n.f., propagation, spread, spreading, diffusion. La — d’une maladie; the spread of a disease. La — des connaissances; the diffusion of knowledge.

propager, v.a., to propagate, to spread, to spread abroad, to diffuse.

se propager, v.r., to be propagated, to be diffused, to be spread abroad; to propagate, to spread.

propension, n.f., propensity, tendency, inclination, bent, disposition.

prophète, n.m., prophet, seer. Personne n’est — dans son pays; no man is a prophet in his own country.

prophétesse, n.f., prophetess.

prophétie (-cî), n.f., prophecy, prophesying.

prophétique, adj., prophetic, prophetical.

prophétiquement (-tik-mān), adv., prophetically.

prophétiser, v.a., to prophesy, to foretell.

prophylactique, adj., (med.) prophylactical, prophylactic.

prophylactique or prophylaxie, n.f., (med.) the science of prophylactic medicine.

propice, adj., propitious, favorable, kind. Le ciel soit — à ses vœux; heaven favor his wishes. Rendre —; to render propitious, to propitiate.

propitiation, n.f., propitiation.

propitiatoire, n.m. and adj., propitiatory, mercy-seat; propitiatory.

propitier, v.a., to propitiate.

propolis (-lis), n.f., propolis.

proportion, n.f., proportion, relation, ratio, due share; suitableness. — gardée; in proportion. À —; proportionable, proportional, proportionably, proportionately, proportionally. A de —; in proportion to.

proportionnalité, n.f., proportionality, proportionateness.

proportionné, -e, adj., proportioned; suited.

proportionnel, -le, adj., proportional.

proportionnelle, n.f., (math.) proportional.

proportionnellement, (-nèl-mān), adv., proportionably, proportionately.

proportionnément, adv., proportionally, proportionately, in proportion to.

proportionner, v.a., to proportion, to adjust, to fit, to accommodate, to adapt, or to adjust; to suit. — sa dépense à son revenu; to suit one’s expenditure to one’s revenue, to cut one’s cloth according to one’s measure.

se proportionner, v.r., to be proportioned; to proportion one’s self, to suit one’s self.

propos, n.m., discourse, talk, words; purpose, resolution, design. pl., idle remarks, tittle-tattle, talk. Changeons de —; let us talk of something else. — de table; table-talk. — interrompu; desultory talk. Je me moque des —; what do I care for people’s tattle! Jeter des — d’accommodement; to hint at reconciliation. À —, adj., seasonable, proper, fit, to the purpose. À —, adv., seasonably, opportunely, pertinently, by the way, talking of that, now I come to think of it. Venir fort à —; to come in the nick of time. Elle fait chaque chose à —; she does everything at the proper time. Mal à —; ill-timed, unseasonable, unseasonably. Hors de —; unseasonably; not to the purpose, impertinent, impertinently. À —, j’ai oublié de vous dire l’autre jour; now I think of it, I forgot to tell you the other day. Il s’est fâché à — de rien; he got angry for nothing at all. Il est venu me quereller à — de bottes; he came to quarrel with me for no earthly reason. À quel —? what about? À — de quoi? for what reason? why? À tout —; at every turn, ever and anon. À — de; with respect to. À —, n., fitness, expediency, appositeness, pertinence; design. L’à — fait le mérite; seasonableness gives everything its price. De — delibéré; of set purpose. Juger à —; to think proper. Il est à — de; it is expedient to.

proposable, adj., that can be proposed, proposable.

proposant, n.m., (French protestant) student in divinity.

proposant, adj.m., (c.rel.) proposing.

proposer, v.a., to propose, to offer, to propound, to move, to make a motion; to designate, to set up, to state, to move. — un sujet à traiter; to propose a subject for writing upon. — une question; to propound a question. — quelqu’un pour exemple; to set up anybody as a pattern.

se proposer, v.r., to propose one’s self, to offer one’s self; to be proposed, to be offered; to propose, to purpose, to intend, to have in view.

proposer, v.n., to propose. L’homme propose et Dieu dispose; man proposes and God disposes.

proposeur, n.m., proposer, propounder.

proposition, n.f., proposition; motion; proposal, offer. Pain de —; show-bread or shew-bread. Faire des —s à quelqu’un; to make proposals to any one.

propre, adj., own; very, same, self-same, very same; adapted, appropriate, calculated, fit, fitted; qualified, proper, suitable; clean; neat, tidy; nice; accurate, right, correct. C’est son — fils; it is his own son. En main —; in one’s own hands. Amour-—, (—s-—s) self-love, conceit. Nom —; proper name. Ce sont ses —s paroles; they are his very words. Termes —s; proper, or correct, expressions. Il est — à tout; he is fit for anything. Le mot —; the proper or right word. Il est toujours fort —; he is always very neat. Avoir une écriture —; to write a neat hand.

propre, n.m., characteristic, attribute; peculiar quality, property, part; (gram.) proper sense, literal sense; (jur.) real estate, real property; (c.rel.) particular prayers. Le — des oiseaux est de voler; it is in the nature of birds to fly. Avoir en —; to own. N’avoir rien en —; to have no property. Posséder en —; to possess in one’s own right. Le — et le figuré; the literal and figurative sense. Prendre un mot au —; to use a word in its literal sense. C’est du —! what a dirty action! what a nasty thing!

proprement, adv., properly, correctly, rightly; literally; cleanly; neatly, tidily. — dit; properly called, properly so called. À — parler; properly speaking. S’habiller —; to dress neatly.

propret, -te, adj., spruce, neat, tidy, natty.

propreté, n.f., cleanness, cleanliness; spruceness, neatness, niceness.

propréteur, n.m., (Roman hist.) propretor.

propriétaire, n.m.f., owner; proprietor; proprietress; landlord; landlady; freeholder, esquire, man of independent means. Nu —; (jur.) owner without the usufruct of his property.

propriété, n.f., property; ownership; estate; peculiar quality, essential faculty; propriety, correctness (of words, terms). pl., lands, estates. — littéraire; copyright. Nue —; (jur.) property without the usufruct of it, reversionary interest. Doter quelqu’un d’une —; to settle an estate upon any one. Violer la —; to trespass.

propulser, v.a., to propel.

propulseur, n.m., (tech.) propeller. — à hélice; screw-propeller.

propulsion, n.f., propulsion.

propylée, n.m.pl., (arch.) propylæum.

prorata, n.m., proportion. Au — de; pro rata, in proportion.

prorogati-f, -ve, adj., prorogative.

prorogation, n.f., prolongation; adjournment; prorogation (of parliament).

proroger, v.a., to prolong time, to protract, to adjourn, to delay; to prorogue (parliament).

prosaïque, adj., prosaic, prosy; dull, tedious, matter of fact.

prosaïquement, adv., prosaically, dully, unpoetically, tediously, coldly.

prosaïser, v.n., to write prose, to vulgarize.

prosaïsme, n.m., prosaism; (fig.) prosiness, dullness, monotony, vulgarity. Le — de la vie; the monotony of life.

prosateur, n.m., prose-writer, prosaist.

proscénium (-sé-ni-om), n.m., (antiq.) proscenium.

proscripteur, n.m., proscriber, banisher.

proscription, n.f., proscription, outlawry.

proscrire, v.a., (proscrivant, proscrit), to proscribe, to outlaw; to expel, to banish; to taboo. Se —; to be proscribed, to proscribe each other.

proscrit, n.m., -e, n.f., proscribed person, exile, outlaw, refugee, outcast. Figure de —; disagreeable face, displeasing face.

prose, n.f., prose; (c.rel.) prose. Mettre en —; to turn into prose.

prosecteur, n.m., (anat.) prosector.

prosélyte, n.m.f., proselyte.

prosélytisme, n.m., proselytism.

prosodie, n.f., (gram.) prosody.

prosodique, adj., prosodial, prosodical.

prosopopée, n.f., (rhet.) prosopopœia.

prospectus (-tus), n.m., prospectus; hand-bill.

prospère, adj., prosperous, thriving; propitious, favorable.

prospérer, v.n., to prosper, to be prosperous, to be successful, to thrive, to speed.

prospérité, n.f., prosperity, success, well-being. Quel visage de —! what a happy, cheerful face! how well you look!

prostate, n.f., (anat.) prostate, prostate gland.

prostatique, adj., (anat.) prostatic.

prosternation, n.f., prostration, obeisance.

prosternement, n.m., prostration.

prosterner, v.a., to prostrate.

se prosterner, v.r., to prostrate one’s self, to fall down, to bow one’s head; to bow low.

prosthèse, n.f., (gram.) prosthesis; (surg. l.u.) prosthesis. V. prothèse.

prostituée, n.f., prostitute.

prostituer, v.a., to prostitute.

se prostituer, v.r., to prostitute one’s self.

prostitution, n.f., prostitution.

prostration, n.f., prostration.

prostyle, n.m. and adj., (arch.) prostyle.

protagoniste, n.m., (theat.) principal character, protagonist.

protase, n.f., protasis.

protatique, adj., protatic.

prote, n.m., (print.) overseer; (iron.) reader.

protect-eur, -rice, n. and adj., protector, protectress, patron, patroness, patronizer, fosterer; protective, patronizing, fostering. Société —rice des animaux; society for the prevention of cruelty to animals.

protection, n.f., protection, defense; support, patronage, influence, favor, countenance; (nav.) shelter, cover.

protectionniste, n.m. and adj., (com.) protectionist.

protectorat, n.m., protectorate, protectorship.

protée, n.m., Proteus.

protégé, n.m., -e, n.f., favorite, dependant; protégé; protégée.

protéger, v.a., to protect, to defend, to shield, to shelter; to patronize, to countenance, to favor. — contre le mal; to shield from harm.

protestant, -e, n. and adj., Protestant.

protestantisme, n.m., Protestantism.

protestation, n.f., protestation, protest. — d’amitié; profession of friendship. Faire insérer une — dans le procès-verbal; to enter a protest.

protester, v.a., to protest; to vow. Je vous le proteste sur mon honneur; I swear to you on my honor. — une lettre de change; to protest a bill of exchange. Se —; to be protested.

protester, v.n., to protest. — de nullité; to protest against the validity of a deed.

protêt, n.m., (com.) protest. — faute de payement; protest for non-payment. Faire signifier un —; to give notice of a protest.

prothèse, n.f., (surg.) prothesis. — dentaire; setting of artificial teeth.

proto, a prefix from Gr. πρῶτος.

protocarbure, n.m., (chem.) carburet.

protochlorure, n.m., (chem.) protochloride.

protocole, n.m., protocol; formulary, preamble.

protonotaire, n.m., protonotary.

prototype, n.m., prototype, model.

protoxyde, n.m., (chem.) protoxide.

protubérance, n.f., (anat.) protuberance.

protubérant, adj., protuberant.

protuteur, n.m., (jur.) person acting as guardian.

☉prou, adv., enough, much. Ni peu ni —; neither little nor much. Peu ou —; little or much.

proue, n.f., (nav. and poetic) prow, stem.

prouesse, n.f., prowess, valor; performance; (iron.) feat of valor.

prouvable, adj., provable.

prouver, v.a., to prove, to show; to make good, to substantiate; to be a proof of, to give proof of, to verify.

provéditeur, n.m., (Ital.) proveditore.

provenance (pro-vnāns), n.f., (com.) production, origin, source, growth; produce, goods. En —; proceeding, coming (from).

provenant, -e (pro-vnan, -t), adj., proceeding, accruing, arising.

provençal, -e, n. and adj., Provençal.

provende, n.f., (l.u.) provision; (agri.) provender, provisions, victuals.

provenir (pro-vnir), v.n., to spring, to accrue, to issue, to proceed, to result (from); to come, to arise (from).

proverbe, n.m., proverb, saying. Devenir —, passer en —; to become a proverb, to become proverbial.

proverbial, -e, adj., proverbial.

proverbialement (-al-mān), adv., proverbially.

providence, n.f., Providence (of God).

providentiel, -le, adj., providential.

*provignement, n.m., layering of vines; (of words) pruning (Ronsard).

*provigner, v.a., to layer vines.

*provigner, v.n., (agri.) to increase; ☉to multiply, to increase.

provin, n.m., layer (of a vine).

province, n.f., province, shire, county. Les gens de —; country people. En —; in the country, in the provinces. Il a encore l’air de —; he has still a countrified air.

provincial, n.m., provincial, country person; superior of a monastic fraternity.

provincial, -e, n. and adj., provincial, country, country-like. Manières —es; country manners.

provincialat, n.m., provincialship (of convents).

provincialisme, n.m., (gram.) provincialism.

proviseur, n.m., head-master, principal of a (government) college.

provision, n.f., provision, stock, store, supply; (fam.) hoard; (com.) stock on hand; provisional maintenance. Par —; provisionally, in the mean time. Faire ses —s; to provide one’s self with necessaries. Faire sa — de bois, de charbon; to take in, to lay in, one’s stock of wood, of coal, of fuel. —s de bouche; provisions. —s de guerre; ammunition. Aller à la —; to go marketing. Faire — de; to get in a supply of. Faire la — d’une lettre de change; (com.) to provide for a bill of exchange.

provisionnel, -le, adj., provisional.

provisionnellement (-nèl-mān), adv., provisionally.

provisoire, n.m., provisional state.

provisoire, adj., provisional, temporary.

provisoirement (-zoar-mān), adv., provisionally, temporarily; in the mean time.

provisorat, n.m., head-mastership, principalship.

provocant, adj., provoking, provocative; exciting, defiant, instigating.

provocat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., provoker; instigator, abettor, aggressor; provoking, instigating, abetting. Agent —; hired plotter, hireling.

provocation, n.f., provocation, instigation. — en duel; challenge to fight.

provoquer, v.a., to provoke, to incense, to call forth, to promote; to instigate; to challenge. — des applaudissements; to call forth applause. — en duel; to challenge. — au sommeil; to invite to sleep.

proxénète, n.m., (com.) ☉broker; pimp, pander; go-between.

proximité, n.f., proximity, nearness, near relationship. Le théâtre est à sa —; the theater is in his neighborhood. Il y a — de sang entre vous et moi; you and I are nearly related by the ties of blood. À — de; within a short distance of, in the neighborhood of.

proyer, n.m., (orni.) common bunting.

prrr! int., not I! not a bit of it! don’t you wish you may get it! whistle for it!

prude, n.f. and adj., prude; prudish.

prudemment (-da-mān), adv., prudently, discreetly, wisely, cautiously.

prudence, n.f., prudence; discretion.

prudent, -e, adj., prudent, cautions, discreet.

pruderie (pru-drî), n.f., prudery.

☉prud’homie, n.f., uprightness, integrity, probity; (com.) trade-arbitration.

prud’homme, n.m., skillful or able person (in an art or trade); expert; ☉upright, honest man. Conseil des —s; council of experts.

pruine, n.f., bloom (of fruits).

pruiné, adj., covered with bloom (of fruits).

prune, n.f., plum. — de Brignoles; prunello. — de Monsieur; Orleans plum. — sauvage; skeg. — de mirabelle; mirabelle plum. — de reine-Claude; greengage. — de Damas; damson. Couleur —; violet color. Ce n’est pas pour des —s; (fig.) it is not for nothing.

pruneau, n.m., prune, dried plum; French plum.

prunelaie (pru-n-lè), n.f., plum-orchard.

prunelle, n.f., (bot.) sloe, bullace; (woolen stuff) prunella, prunello; (anat.) pupil, apple (of the eye), eye-ball. Jouer de la —; to cast sheep’s eyes, to ogle, to leer.

prunellier, n.m., (bot.) sloe-tree, bullace-tree.

prunier, n.m., (bot.) plum-tree.

prurigineu-x, -se, adj., (med.) pruriginous.

prurit, n.m., (med.) prurience, pruriency, pruritus, itching.

prusse, n.f. Pour le roi de —; to no purpose, in vain, for nothing.

prussiate, n.m., (chem.) prussiate.

prussien, -ne (-in, -è-n), n. and adj., Prussian.

prussique, adj., (chem.) prussic. Acide —; prussic acid.

prytane, n.m., (Grec. antiq.) prytanis. pl., prytanes.

prytanée, n.m., (Grec. antiq.) prytaneum.

p.s., initial letters of postscriptum, P.S., postscript.

psalmiste, n.m., psalmist.

psalmodie, n.f., psalmody; sing-song.

psalmodier, v.n. and a., to recite, to chant, psalms; to read, to recite in a sing-song manner.

psaltérion, n.m., (mus.) psaltery.

psammite, n.m., (min.) psammite, graywacke or greywacke.

psaume, n.m., psalm.

psautier (-tié), n.m., psalter, psalm-book; (c.rel.) chaplet of 150 beads; nun’s veil.

pseudo, a prefix from Gr. ψεῦδος.

pseudonyme, adj., pseudonymous; under an assumed name. n.m., pseudonym, nom de plume; alias.

psora or psore, n.f., (med.) psora, itch.

psorique, adj., (med.) psoric, itchy.

psyché, n.f., (myth.) Psyche; Psyche-glass, cheval-glass.

psychique, adj., psychical.

psychologie (-ko-), n.f., psychology.

psychologique (-ko-), adj., psychologic, psychological.

psychologiste or psychologue (-ko-), n.m., psychologist.

psylle, n.m., snake-charmer.

ptérodactyle, n.m., (foss.) pterodactyl.

ptyalisme, n.m., (med.) ptyalism.

puamment (pu-a-mān), adv., stinkingly; grossly, impudently; (fig., fam.) impudently, in a barefaced manner.

puant, -e, adj., stinking; impudent, barefaced. Devenir —; to begin to stink. Mensonge —; impudent lie. — menteur; impudent liar.

puant, n.m., (pop.) stinkard.

puanteur, n.f., stink, stench, offensive smell.

pubère, adj., pubescent, of puberty.

puberté, n.f., puberty.

pubescence, n.f., (bot.) pubescence, down.

pubescent, -e, adj., (bot.) pubescent, downy.

pubien, -ne (-in, -è-n), adj., (anat.) pubic.

pubis, n.m. and adj., (anat.) of pubis; pubic. Os —; os pubis, pubic bone, share-bone; pubes.

publi-c, -que, adj., public; notorious. Rendre —; to make public, to publish; (of women) on the town, loose, fast. La chose —que; the common weal. La partie —que; the crown, the public prosecutor.

public, n.m., public. En —; publicly.

publicain, n.m., (Rom. antiq.) publican; (fig.) extortioner.

publicateur, n.m., (jur.) publisher.

publication, n.f., publication; publishing, proclamation.

publiciste, n.m., publicist.

publicité, n.f., publicity, notoriety; advertising, advertisements.

publier, v.a., to publish, to make public, to proclaim, to celebrate, to trumpet forth, to bring out, to issue. — quelque chose sur les toits; to proclaim anything from the house-tops, to trumpet forth anything. — une ordonnance; to issue an ordonnance.

publiquement (-blik-mān), adv., publicly, in public.

puce, n.f., (ent.) flea. Herbe aux —s; flea-bane, fleawort. — d’eau; water-beetle. — de mer; psyllus marinus. — de terre; earth-puceron. Avoir la — à l’oreille; to have a flea in one’s ear, to be uneasy, anxious. Mettre à quelqu’un la — à l’oreille; to give any one cause for uneasiness.

puce, adj., puce, puce-colored.

puceau, n.m., chaste youth; (iron.) spoony, simpleton.

pucelage (pu-slaj), n.m., (l.ex.) maidenhead, virginity; (mol.) cowry; (bot.) periwinkle.

pucelle, n.f., (fam.) maid, maiden, virgin; (ich.) shad. La — d’Orléans; the maid of Orleans (Joan of Arc).

puceron (pu-sron), n.m., (ent.) plant-louse; green-fly.

puddlage, n.m., (metal.) puddling.

puddler (-dlé), v.a., (metal.) to puddle.

puddleur, n.m., (metal.) puddler.

pudeur, n.f., bashfulness, shame; modesty, decency; discretion, reserve. — virginale; virgin bashfulness.

pudibond, -e, adj., bashful, modest.

pudicité, n.f., modesty, pudicity, chastity.

pudique, adj., chaste, modest, bashful.

pudiquement (-dik-mān), adv., chastely, purely.

puer, v.n. and a., to stink, to have an offensive smell; to smell of; to stink of; to be full of conceit. Il pue le vin; he stinks, or smells, very strong of wine.

puéril, -e, adj., juvenile, boyish; puerile, childish.

puérilement (-ril-mān), adv., puerilely, childishly.

puérilité, n.f., puerility, childishness.

puerpéral, -e, adj., puerperal.

puff (puf, peuf), n.m., exaggerated statement, puff. Faire le —; to puff.

puffin, n.m., (orni.) puffin.

pugilat, n.m., pugilism, boxing.

pugiliste, n.m., pugilist, boxer.

puine, n.m., (forestry) wood of little value. V. mort-bois under bois.

puîné, -e, n. and adj., younger brother; younger sister; younger.

puis, adv., then, afterwards, after that, next, besides. Et —; and besides, and then. Et —? what then? what next? well?

puisage, n.m., drawing water, drawing up.

puisard, n.m., cesspool; sink; dip-well; (mining) sump, water-sump.

puisatier, n.m., well-sinker.

puiser, v.a., to draw, to fetch up, to take, to borrow; to imbibe; to let in. — de l’eau à la rivière; to draw water out of the river. — à la source; to go to the fountain-head. — des opinions; to imbibe opinions.

puiser, v.n., to draw, to borrow, to take; (nav.) to make water. C’est un auteur qui puise partout; he is an author who borrows from all quarters.

puisque, conj., since, seeing, seeing that, inasmuch as.

puissamment (-sa-mān), adv., powerfully, forcibly, potently; extremely, very. Il est — riche; he is exceedingly rich.

puissance, n.f., power; dominion, sway, empire; ability, force; faculty; influence; influential man; virtue, quality, property; (mining) thickness (of layers or lodes); (mec.) power; horse-power. Toute-—, (n.p.) omnipotence, almighty power. Haute —; high-mightiness (title). Cette femme est en — de mari; that woman is under the control of her husband. Soumettre à sa —; to bring under one’s dominion. Traiter de — à —; to treat on equal terms. — motrice; moving power. Les grandes —s; the great powers.

puissant, -e, adj., powerful, potent, mighty; forcible, strong, lusty, stout, corpulent; wealthy, rich. — prince; mighty prince. Famille —e; influential family. Le Tout-—, (n.p.) the Almighty. Il est tout-— auprès de lui; he can get him to do anything.

puits (puî), n.m., well, hole for water; pit, shaft; well-hole (of staircases); (nav.) well-room. — commun; public well. — à pompe; pump-well. — à roue; — à poulie; draw-well. — artésien; artesian well. — perdu; drain-well, blind-well. — de mine; shaft of a mine. — d’aérage; air-shaft. — d’abondance; (fig.) an inexhaustible mine. C’est un — de science; he is extremely learned; he is a walking dictionary, a living encyclopædia. La vérité est au fond d’un —; truth lies at the bottom of a well (i.e., has to be sought out).

pullulation, n.f., rapid increase, swarming.

pulluler (pul-lu-), v.n., to increase, to multiply, to pullulate, to swarm.

pulmonaire, adj., (anat., med.) pulmonary. Phthisie —; pulmonary disease, consumption.

pulmonaire, n.f., (bot.) pulmonaria, pulmonary. Grande —; lungwort; sage of Jerusalem, Jerusalem cowslip. — des Français; golden lungwort. — de chêne; liverwort.

pulmonie, n.f. V. pneumonie.

pulmonique, n.m.f. and adj., consumptive.

pulpation, n.f., (pharm.) reducing to pulp, pulpation.

pulpe, n.f., pulp; pap. — cérébrale; (anat.) cerebral substance.

pulper, v.a., (pharm.) to reduce to pulp.

pulpeu-x, -se, adj., (bot.) pulpous, pulpy.

pulsati-f, -ve, adj., (med.) pulsative, pulsatory.

*pulsatille, n.f., (bot.) pasque-flower, pulsatilla.

pulsation, n.f., beating of the pulse, pulsation; (phys.) pulse.

pulvérat-eur, -rice, n. and adj., (zoöl.) pulverulent.

pulvérescence, n.f., pulverulence.

pulvérescent, -e, adj., pulverulent.

pulvérin, n.m., priming powder; priming powder-horn; mist, spray (from waterfalls).

pulvérisable, adj., pulverizable.

pulvérisateur, n.m., pulverizer. adj., pulverizing.

pulvérisation, n.f., pulverization.

pulvériser, v.a., to reduce to powder, to grind to dust, to pulverize; to annihilate; to reduce to atoms.

pulvérulent, -e, adj., (bot.) pulverulent; easy to reduce into powder.

puma, n.m., puma, cougar (American lion).

pumicin, n.m., palm-oil.

punais, -e, adj., affected with ozæna.

punaise, n.f., bug; (ent.) bug; B-flat. Couvain de —s; nest of bugs.

punaisie, n.f., ozæna.

punch (ponsh), n.m., punch (beverage). Offrir un — a quelqu’un; to entertain any one.

punique, adj., punic.

punir, v.a., to punish, to chastise, to avenge. Puni de mort; punished with death.

punissable, adj., punishable.

punisseur, n.m. and adj., avenger, punisher; avenging, punishing.

punition, n.f., punishment. Par —; as a punishment.

pupillaire (-pil-lèr), adj., pupillary.

pupillarité (-pil-la-), n.f., (jur., l.u.) nonage, minority.

pupille, n.m.f., ward, pupil (under a guardian).

pupille, n.f., pupil, apple of the eye.

pupitre, n.m., desk, writing-desk; reading-desk.

pur, -e, adj., pure, genuine, unadulterated; unspotted, innocent, chaste, spotless; clean, clear, unmingled, unalloyed; mere, sheer, downright, neat (of liquor). Une lumière —e; a clear light. Un ciel —; a clear, cloudless sky. Être en état de —e nature; to be stark naked. Du vin —; wine without water, pure wine. Obligation —e et simple; unconditional, unqualified, absolute obligation. C’est la —e vérité; it is the plain, unvarnished truth. Par —e bonté; out of sheer kindness. — e sottise; downright nonsense. Ce fruit est du poison tout —; that fruit is downright poison. Félicité —e; unalloyed happiness. Une réputation —e; an untarnished reputation. Une gloire —e; unsullied glory. Un trait —, un dessin —; (drawing) a clean stroke, a clean drawing. À — et à plein; unreservedly, entirely. En —e perte; in vain, to no purpose.

pureau, n.m., part uncovered (of slates, tiles).

purée, n.f., thick soup; pea-soup; mashed potatoes.

purement (pur-mān), adv., purely, genuinely, merely, only; innocently. — et simplement; unconditionally; merely.

pureté (pur-té), n.f., pureness, purity, gentleness, innocence; chastity.

purgati-f, -ve, adj., purgative, purging.

purgatif, n.m., purgative.

purgation, n.f., purgative, purge.

purgatoire, n.m., purgatory.

purge, n.f., ☉purge, cleansing. — d’hypothèques; (jur.) paying off of a mortgage.

purger, v.a., to purge, to purge away; to cleanse, to purify, to clear, to refine. — un malade; to purge a sick person. — son bien de dettes; to clear one’s estate of mortgages.

se purger, v.r., to purge one’s self, to purify one’s self.

purifiant, -e, adj., purifying, cleansing.

purificateur, n.m., purificator.

purification, n.f., purification.

purificatoire, n.m., (c.rel.) purificatory.

purifier, v.a., to purify, to cleanse; to refine; to try (metal). — le langage; to refine the language.

se purifier, v.r., to purify one’s self, to purify, to refine.

puriforme, adj., (med.) puriform.

purin, n.m., (agri.) liquid manure.

purisme, n.m., purism.

puriste, n.m., purist.

puritain, -e, n. and adj., Puritan.

puritanisme, n.m., Puritanism.

purpurin, -e, adj., purplish.

purpurine, n.f., purple, bronze.

purulence, n.f., purulence, purulency.

purulent, -e, adj., purulent.

pus, n.m., (med.) pus, matter.

pusillanime (-zil-la-), adj., pusillanimous, faint-hearted, chicken-hearted, cowardly.

pusillanimité (-zil-la-), n.f., pusillanimity, faint-heartedness, cowardice.

pustule, n.f., pustule, pimple, blotch, blain; (bot.) blister.

pustulé, -e, adj., (bot.) blistered.

pustuleu-x, -se, adj., pustulous.

putain, n.f., (l.ex.) street-walker, prostitute, strumpet.

putasserie, n.f., whoredom; whoring, wenching.

putassier, n.m., (l.ex.) one who frequents prostitutes, whoremonger.

putati-f, -ve, adj., putative, reputed, supposed.

putativement, adv., reputedly, putatively.

putois, n.m., polecat.

putréfaction, n.m., putrefaction.

putréfait, -e, adj., (l.u.) putrefied.

putréfié, -e, part., putrefied.

putréfier, v.a., to putrefy.

se putréfier, v.r., to putrefy.

putrescible, adj., putrefiable.

putride, adj., (med.) putrid.

putridité, n.f., putridity.

pygargue, n.m., erne, sea-eagle.

pygmée, n.m., pygmy, dwarf.

pylône, n.m., (antiq., arch.) porch (of Egyptian temples).

pylore, n.m., (anat.) pylorus.

pyloride, n.f., bivalve shell.

pylorique, adj., (anat.) pyloric.

pyracanthe, n.f., (bot.) pyracanth.

pyrale, n.f., (ent.) pyralis.

pyramidal, -e, adj., pyramidal, pyramidic, pyramidical.

pyramidalement (-dal-mān), adv., pyramidally, pyramidically.

pyramide, n.f., pyramid.

pyramider, v.n., to rise like a pyramid; to tower, to taper.

pyrée, n.m., fire-altar.

pyrèthre, n.m., (bot.) Spanish camomile, feverfew.

pyrétologie, n.m., pyretology.

pyriforme, adj. V. piriforme.

pyrique, adj., pyrotechnic, pyrotechnical.

pyrite, n.f., (min.) pyrites.

pyriteu-x, -se, adj., (min.) pyritic, pyritical.

pyrolâtrie, n.f., the worship of fire, pyrolatry.

*pyroligneux, adj., pyrolignous.

pyrologie, n.f., pyrology.

pyromancie, n.f., pyromancy.

pyromètre, n.m., pyrometer.

pyrophore, n.m., pyrophorus.

pyroscaphe, n.m., (nav.) steamer, steamboat.

pyrosis, n.f., (med.) pyrosis, water brash.

pyrotechnie (-tèk-), n.f., pyrotechnics, pyrotechny.

pyrotechnique (-tèk-), adj., pyrotechnic, pyrotechnical.

pyroxène, n.m., (min.) pyroxene.

pyrrhique, adj., Pyrrhic.

pyrrhique, n.m., (poet.) Pyrrhic.

pyrrhique, n.f., (antiq.) Pyrrhic (dance).

pyrrhonien, -ne (-in, -è-n), n. and adj., Pyrrhonist, Pyrrhonean; Pyrrhonic.

pyrrhonisme, n.m., Pyrrhonism.

pythagoricien, -ne (-in, -è-n), n. and adj., Pythagorean; Pythagoric, Pythagorical.

pythagorique, adj., Pythagoric, Pythagorical.

pythagorisme, n.m., Pythagorism.

pythie, n.f., (antiq.) the Pythia (priestess of Apollo).

pythien (-tiin), adj., Pythian.

pythique, adj., Pythian.

pythiques, n.f.pl., Pindarus’ odes.

python, n.m., (zoöl.) python, rock-snake.

pythonisse, n.f., (antiq.) pythoness; witch.