FOOTNOTES:
[1] Pronounce Ook-ra-ee-nian.
[2] English readers will find the translation of this poem in full in the excellent Anthology of Russian Literature from the Earliest Period to the Present Time, by Leo Wiener, published in two volumes, in 1902, by G. P. Putnam & Sons, at New York. Professor Wiener knows Russian literature perfectly well, and has made a very happy choice of a very great number of the most characteristic passages from Russian writers, beginning with the oldest period (911), and ending with our contemporaries, Górkiy and Merezhkóvskiy.
[3] The Russian name of the first capital of Russia is Moskvà. However, “Moscow,” like “Warsaw,” etc., is of so general a use that it would be affectation to use the Russian name.
[4] In all names the vowels a, e, i, o, u have to be pronounced as in Italian (father, then, in, on, push).
[5] In the years 1730-1738 he was ambassador at London.
[6] In 1775-1782 she spent a few years at Edinburgh for the education of her son.
[7] Two free editions of it were made, one by Herzen at London: Prince Scherbátoff and A. Radíscheff, 1858; and another at Leipzig: Journey, in 1876. See A. Pypin’s History of Russian Literature, vol. iv.
[8] Pronounce Zh as a French j (Joukóvskiy in French).
[9] It is now known how much of the preparatory work which rendered Karamzín’s History possible was done by the Academicians Schlötzer, Müller, and Stritter, as well as by the above-mentioned historian Scherbátoff, who had thoroughly studied the annals and whose views Karamzín closely followed in his work.
PART II
Púshkin—Lérmontoff
CHAPTER II
PÚSHKIN AND LÉRMONTOFF
Púshkin: Beauty of form—Púshkin and Schiller—His youth; his exile; his later career and death—Fairy tales: Ruslán and Ludmíla—His lyrics—“Byronism”—Drama—Evghéniy Onyéghin—LÉRMONTOFF: Púshkin or Lérmontoff?—His life—The Caucasus—Poetry of Nature—Influence of Shelley—The Demon—Mtsyri—Love of freedom—His death—Púshkin and Lérmontoff as prose-writers—Other poets and novelists of the same epoch.